- Patellar ligament
Infobox Ligament Name Patellar ligament Latin ligamentum patellae GraySubject 93 GrayPage 340 Image Gray345.png Caption Right knee joint . Anterior view. Ligamentum patellae visible at bottom left, below patella . Image2 Caption2 From patella To tuberosity of the tibia System Precursor MeshName Patellar Ligament MeshNumber A02.513.514.475 DorlandsPre l 09 DorlandsSuf 12492768 The patellar ligament anterior ligament is the central portion of the common tendon of the Quadriceps femoris , which is continued from the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia . Anatomy It is a strong, flat, ligament, about 10 cm. in length, which originates on the apex of the patella distally and adjoining margins of the patella and the rough depression on its posterior surface below, it inserts on the tuberosity of the tibia its superficial fibers are continuous over the front of the patella with those of the tendon of the Quadriceps femoris. The medial and lateral portions of the tendon of the Quadriceps pass ... patellar retinacula. The posterior surface of the ligamentum patell is separated from the synovial ... sometimes called the patellar tendon . ref http www.medterms.com script main art.asp?articlekey 34200 Patellar tendon definition Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms Bot generated title ref Clinical significance It can be injured in a patellar ... Patellar Bone ACL Reconstruction Wheeless Textbook of Orthopaedics cite web url http www.wheelessonline.com ortho bone patellar bone acl reconstruction title Bone Patellar Bone ACL Reconstruction Wheeless ... also Patellar reflex Additional images gallery Image Gray350.png Sagittal section of right knee joint ... with knee content with sections on patellar problems SUNYAnatomyFigs 15 01 04 Muscles of the anterior extensor compartment of the leg. eMedicineDictionary Patellar ligament NormanAnatomy lljoints NormanAnatomyFig antkneejointopenflexed Gray s Joints of lower limbs ligament stub Category Knee Category ... more details
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- Patellar dislocation
Lead rewrite date September 2009 Infobox disease Name Patellar dislocation Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ... article 109263 MeshID D031222 Patellar dislocations occur with significant regularity, particular in young ..., Y. 2008 . Acute patellar dislocation in children and adolescents A randomized clinical trial ... of the patella attach to certain ligament s and tendon s to stabilize and support it. The superior ... to the Tuberosity of the tibia tibial tuberosity . The main ligament stabilizer, the patellofemoral ligament, rests directly over the femur and the patella while the lateral and medial collateral ligaments act as the secondary ligament stabilizers from either side of the patella. ref name dath2006 Mechanism of injury Patellar dislocations occur in 2 ways Direct blow to the kneecap knocking the patella ... with patellar dislocation include soccer, gymnastics and ice hockey. The patella wobbles out of the patellofemoral ... name dath2006 This occurs when the quadriceps tendons and other ligament stabilizers attached to the borders .... ref name dath2006 Predisposing factors 1 Demographics br Age br Average age of occurrences for patellar ... Patellar Dislocation and Their Recovery Within the First 6 Months of Injury. American Journal ... br Female are more susceptible to patellar dislocation Athletic Population ref name atkin2008 br ... Positive Family History br Related up to 24 of patellar dislocation incidences ref name dath2006 3 Anatomical Factors br Excessive Q angle br Angle greater than 25 degrees between the patellar tendon ... . Acute traumatic patellar dislocation Long term results comparing conservative and surgical treatment ... of the patella Symptoms and signs There will be swelling and impaired mobility following patellar ... the knee, the http www.youtube.com watch?v xXmjYVDkmVg&feature related Patellar Apprehension Test ... 6 16 weeks will follow. ref name shea2006 Shea, K.G., Nilsson, K., & Belzer, J. 2006 . Patellar dislocation ... br Palpable disruption of the medial patellofemoral ligament and the vastus medialis obliquus ... more details
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- Patellar tendinitis
Infobox disease Name Patellar tendinitis Image Caption MR findings Thickening of the proximal patellar tendon with high signal in around the proximal patellar tendon on T2W images. DiseasesDB 9704 ICD10 ICD10 M 76 5 m 70 ICD9 ICD9 726.64 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj sports eMedicineTopic 56 MeshID Patellar tendinitis patellar tendinopathy , also known as jumper s knee , is a relatively common cause of pain in the inferior patella r region in athletes. It is common with frequent jumping and studies have shown it may be associated with stiff ankle movement and ankle sprains. ref http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus news fullstory 117344.html ref ref http ajs.sagepub.com content early 2011 09 14 0363546511420552.abstract ref Presentation Jumper s knee patellar tendinopathy, patellar tendinosis, patellar tendinitis commonly occurs in athletes who are involved in jumping sports such as basketball and volleyball. Patients report anterior knee pain, often with an aching quality. The symptom onset is insidious. Rarely is a discrete injury described. Usually, involvement is infrapatellar at or near ... surgical repair It begins as inflammation in the patellar tendon where it attaches to the patella and may progress by tearing or degenerating the tendon . File Patellar Tendonitis.jpg thumb Patellar ... in the proximal aspect of the patellar tendon. Causes It is an overuse injury from repetitive overloading ... as high volume saline injection Crisp et al. . File Needling Therapy for Patellar Tendonitis.JPG thumb Needling Therapy for Patellar Tendonitis Prolotherapy 250px left Uncommonly it may ... author Khan KM, Bonar F, Desmond PM, et al. title Patellar tendinosis jumper s knee findings at histopathologic ... al. title High volume ultrasound guided injections at the interface between the patellar tendon and Hoffa s body are effective in chronic patellar tendinopathy A pilot study journal Disability and rehabilitation ... http mcr.coreconcepts.com.sg patellar tendinitis Patellar Tendinitis , Musculoskeletal Consumer ... more details
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- Patellar plexus
Infobox Nerve Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject 212 GrayPage 953 Image Gray825and830.PNG Caption Cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Front and posterior views. Patellar plexus visible but not labeled. Image2 Caption2 Innervates BranchFrom BranchTo MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 24 DorlandsSuf 12648224 The terminal filaments of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve frequently communicate with the anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve , and with the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve , forming with them the patellar plexus also called the peripatellar plexus . Gray s Lumbosacral plexus Category Nerves of the lower limb and lower torso Category Nerve plexus neuroscience stub ... more details
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- Ligament
col 2 Head and neck Cricothyroid ligament Periodontal ligament Suspensory ligament of the lens Thorax Suspensory ligament of the breast Pelvis Anterior sacroiliac ligament Posterior sacroiliac ligament Sacrotuberous ligament Sacrospinous ligament Inferior pubic ligament Superior pubic ligament Suspensory ligament of the penis col 2 Wrist Palmar radiocarpal ligament Dorsal radiocarpal ligament Ulnar collateral ligament wrist Ulnar collateral ligament Radial collateral ligament wrist Radial collateral ligament Knee Anterior cruciate ligament ACL Lateral collateral ligament LCL Posterior cruciate ligament PCL Medial collateral ligament MCL Cranial cruciate ligament CrCL quadruped equivalent of ACL Caudal cruciate ligament CaCL quadruped equivalent of PCL Patellar ligament col end Peritoneal ...Infobox anatomy Name Ligament Latin ligamenta GraySubject GrayPage Image Knee diagram.svg Caption Diagram ... MeshName MeshNumber In anatomy , the term ligament is used to denote any of three types of structures. ref eMedicineDictionary ligament ref Most commonly, it refers to fibrous Tissue biology tissue that connects bone s to other bones and is also known as articular ligament , articular larua , ref DorlandsDict five 000059130 ligament ref fibrous ligament , or true ligament . Ligament can also refer to Peritoneal ligament a fold of peritoneum or other membranes. Fetal remnant ligament the remnants ... to other muscles. Articular ligaments Ligament most commonly refers to a band of tough, fibrous ... stability but permit a far larger range of motion. Cruciate ligament s occur in pairs. Ligaments ... persons is hyperlaxity . The consequence of a broken ligament can be instability of the joint. Not all broken ligaments need surgery, but, if surgery is needed to stabilise the joint, the broken ligament can be repaired. Scar tissue may prevent this. If it is not possible to fix the broken ligament ... ligament , that surrounds the hepatic portal vein and other vessels as they travel from the duodenum ... more details
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- Patellar reflex
Image Patellar knee reflex.png right thumb 300px Patellar reflex. The patellar reflex or knee jerk is a deep tendon reflex and is a myotatic reflex . Mechanism Striking the patellar tendon with a tendon hammer just below the patella stretches the muscle spindle in the quadriceps femoris muscle . This produces a signal which travels back to the spinal cord and synapses without interneurons at the level of L4 in the spinal cord, completely independent of higher centres. From there, an alpha motor neuron conducts an efferent impulse back to the quadriceps femoris muscle , triggering contraction. This contraction, coordinated with the relaxation of the antagonistic flexor hamstring muscle causes the leg to kick. This reflex is a reflex of proprioception which helps maintain Neutral spine posture and balance ability balance , allowing to keep one s balance with little effort or conscious thought. The patellar reflex is a clinical and classic example of the monosynaptic reflex arc . There is no interneuron in the pathway leading to contraction of the quadriceps muscle. Instead the bipolar sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron in the spinal cord. However, there is an inhibitory interneuron used to relax the antagonistic hamstring muscle. It tests L2, L3, and L4. ref name Weiner2010 cite book author William J. Weiner title Neurology for the Non Neurologist url http books.google.com books?id eQa9c3 roD8C&pg PA499 accessdate 4 July 2011 date 30 July 2010 publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins isbn 9781605472393 pages 499 ref Purpose of Testing After the tap of a hammer, the leg is normally extended once and comes to rest. The absence or decrease of this reflex is known as Westphal s sign . On the other hand, multiple oscillation of the leg following the tap may be a sign of a cerebellar disease . History The term knee jerk was recorded by Sir Michael Foster physiologist ... Patellar Reflex Category Knee Category Reflexes de Patellarsehnenreflex es Reflejo rotuliano ... more details
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- Patellar network
Infobox Artery Name Patellar network Latin rete patellare, anastomosis patellaris GraySubject 159 GrayPage 634 Image Gray552.png Caption Circumpatellar anastomosis. Image2 Caption2 BranchFrom BranchTo Vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre r 10 DorlandsSuf 12705378 The patellar network anastomosis around the knee joint , patellar anastomosis , genicular anastomosis or Articular Vascular Network Of Knee ref name definition 1 cite web url http www.medilexicon.com medicaldictionary.php?t 59896 title Articular Vascular Network Of Knee Medical Dictionary Definition accessdate 2010 03 23 last Stedman year 2006 work Stedman s Medical Dictionary publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ref is an intricate network of vessels around and above the patella , and on the contiguous ends of the femur and tibia , forming a superficial and a deep plexus. The superficial plexus is situated between the fascia and skin around about the patella, and forms three well defined arches one, above the upper border of the patella, in the loose connective tissue over the Quadriceps femoris the other two, below the level of the patella, are situated in the fat behind the ligamentum patell . The deep plexus , which forms a close net work of vessels, lies on the lower end of the femur and upper end of the tibia around their articular surfaces, and sends numerous offsets into the interior of the joint. The arteries which form this plexus are the inferior medial genicular artery inferior medial and superior medial genicular artery superior medial genicular arteries, the inferior lateral genicular artery inferior lateral and superior lateral genicular artery superior lateral genicular arteries, the descending genicular artery , the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery , and the anterior tibial recurrent artery . Clinical relevance The Genicular anastomosis provides collateral circulation to supply the leg when the knee is fully flexed ref name clinical anatomy cite book last Moore ... more details
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- Patellar tendon rupture
Infobox Disease Name Patellar tendon rupture Image Patellar tendon rupture.JPG Caption Patellar tendon rupture showing a marked distance between the tibial tuberosity and the bottom of the patella. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 S 76 1 s 70 ICD9 ICD9 727.66 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 1249472 MeshID Patellar tendon rupture is a rupture of the tendon that connects the patella to the tibia. The patellar tendon attaches to the tibial tubercle on the front of the tibia just below the front of the knee, and is connected to the bottom of the patella , above which are attached to the quadriceps tendon , followed by the quadriceps muscle , large muscles on the front of the thigh. This structure allows the knee to flex and extend, allowing use of basic functions such as walking and running. When rupture occurs, the patella loses support from the tibia and moves toward the hip when the quadriceps muscle contract, hindering the leg s ability to extend. This means that those affected cannot stand, as their knee buckles and gives way when they attempt to. Diagnosis Patellar tendon rupture can usually be diagnosed by physical examination and X Ray . Partial tears may be visualized using MRI scans. Patellar tendon rupture is diagnosed by recognising that the patella has moved upward along the thigh. Treatment Patellar tendon rupture must be treated through surgery. In the surgery, an incision is made in the skin over the rupture, the site of which is identified. The tendons are retracted so surgeons may inspect the femur . The tendon ends are then sewn together. A Orthopedic cast cast or Brace orthopaedic brace is then put over where the operation took place. The cast .... Ligament reconstruction is possible using mesenchymal stem cells and a silk scaffold. ref ... ligament regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells and silk scaffold journal Biomaterials volume ... patendrep.htm Arthoscopy Patellar Tendon Rupture and Surgical Repair Soft tissue disorders ... more details
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- Patellar subluxation syndrome
Patellar Subluxation Syndrome is an injury that is concerned with the kneecap . Patellar subluxation is more common than patellar dislocation and is just as disabling ref name book Dr. Ellison, A. E., M.D. et al. 1985. Athletic Training and Sports Medicine. New York American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. First edition second printing. ISBN 089203002X. ref . Here, the patella repetitively subluxates and places strain materials science strain on the medial restraints and excessive stress mechanics stress tension physics tension on the patellofemoral joint . Symptoms are regulated by the amount of activity. Such pain is commonly caused by running and jumping sports and activities ref name book that place large forces on the patellofemoral joint. Patellar subluxation was once thought to occur mainly in women ref name book , due to the frequency of genu valgum and lax ligaments . However, now the frequency of this condition in any athletic person, man or woman, is apparent. References reflist Category Sports medicine Category Syndromes ... more details
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- Patellar surface of femur
Infobox Bone Name Patellar surface of femur Latin facies patellaris femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 248 Image Gray246.png Caption Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Patellar surface visible at top center. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 01 DorlandsSuf 12352388 The articular surface of the lower end of the femur consists of the anterior, inferior, and posterior surfaces of the Condyle anatomy condyles . Its front part is named the patellar surface and articulates with the patella it presents a median groove which extends downward to the intercondyloid fossa and two convexities, the lateral of which is broader, more prominent, and extends farther upward than the medial. Gray s Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub ... more details
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- Medial ligament
Medial ligament might refer to Medial arcuate ligament Medial collateral ligament Medial palpebral ligament Medial pubovesical ligament Medial talocalcaneal ligament Medial umbilical ligament disambig ... more details
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- Meniscofemoral ligament
Meniscofemoral ligament can refer to Anterior meniscofemoral ligament Posterior meniscofemoral ligament disambiguation ... more details
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- Anterior ligament
Anterior ligament can refer to Anterior ligament of the head of the fibula Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus Anterior ligament of elbow disambig ... more details
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- Posterior ligament
The Posterior ligament can refer to Posterior sacroiliac ligament Posterior ligament of the head of the fibula Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus Oblique popliteal ligament Posterior ligament of elbow disambig ... more details
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- Transverse ligament
Transverse ligament can refer to Superior transverse ligament of the scapula Transverse ligament of the atlas Transverse ligament of the acetabular notch Transverse ligament of knee disambig ... more details
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- Dorsal ligament
Dorsal ligament can refer to Dorsal radioulnar ligament Dorsal radiocarpal ligament Dorsal cuboideonavicular ligament Dorsal intercarpal ligament Dorsal intercuneiform ligaments Dorsal tarsometatarsal ligaments Dorsal metatarsal ligaments disambig ... more details
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- Suspensory ligament
Suspensory ligament describes any ligament that supports a body part, especially an organ anatomy organ . Types include In humans Suspensory ligament of thyroid gland or Berry s ligament Suspensory ligament of clitoris Suspensory ligament of axilla or Gerdy s ligament Suspensory ligament of duodenum or Suspensory muscle of duodenum Suspensory ligament of ovary Suspensory ligament of penis Suspensory ligament of lens or Zonular fibres Suspensory ligament of eyeball or Lockwood s ligament Suspensory ligaments of breast or Cooper s ligaments In other animals In horse s, the suspensory ligament is part of the suspensory apparatus of the leg . It supports the fetlock joint when the leg is supporting the horse s weight. It is frequently injured in athletic horses. http www.vetpro.co.nz 888 Vet 20Talk Equine the suspensory ligament.htm The Horse Owners Guide To The Suspensory Ligament disambig ... more details
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- Arcuate ligament
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The term arcuate ligament refers to an arc shaped ligament . Specifically, it can refer to a variety of ligaments in the human body Arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm Median arcuate ligament Medial arcuate ligament Lateral arcuate ligament Inferior pubic ligament arcuate ligament of the pubis DEFAULTSORT Arcuate Ligament Category Ligaments Category Article Feedback 5 Ligament stub ... more details
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- Collateral ligament
Collateral ligament can refer to Fibular collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament Medial collateral ligament Collateral ligaments of interphalangeal articulations of foot Collateral ligaments of metatarsophalangeal articulations disambig de Ligamentum collaterale ... more details
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- Crural ligament
Crural ligament may refer to Transverse crural ligament Cruciate crural ligament disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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- Triangular ligament
Triangular ligament may refer to Right triangular ligament Left triangular ligament Urogenital diaphragm disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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- Palmar ligament
A palmar ligament is one of several ligaments in or near the palm of the hand Palmar radiocarpal ligament Palmar carpal ligament Palmar plate disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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- Cricopharyngeal ligament
Infobox Ligament Name Cricopharyngeal ligament Latin ligamentum cricopharyngeum GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 From cricoid To pharynx System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 09 DorlandsSuf 12492077 The Cricopharyngeal ligament extends from the cricoid Planar lamina lamina to the midline of the pharynx . DEFAULTSORT Cricopharyngeal Ligament Category Head and neck Category Ligaments ligament stub ... more details
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- Pubovesical ligament
Infobox Ligament Name Pubovesical ligament Latin ligamentum pubovesicale GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 From urinary bladder bladder To pubis bone pubis System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 09 DorlandsSuf 12492902 The Pubovesical ligament is a ligament that extends from the neck of the urinary bladder bladder to the inferior aspect of the pubis bone pubis bones. In the female it is divided into the lateral pubovesical ligament and the medial pubovesical ligament . In the male it is parallel and medial to the puboprostatic ligament . See also Medial pubovesical ligament Lateral pubovesical ligament Category Pelvis Category Ligaments ligament stub Muscles of trunk de Musculus pubovesicalis ... more details
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- Interosseous ligament
A Interosseous ligament can refer to Dorsal intertarsal ligaments Interosseous ligaments of tarsus Bifurcated ligament Interosseous sacroiliac ligament Interosseous intercarpal ligaments Interosseous intercuneiform ligaments Interosseous metatarsal ligaments It is sometimes used interchangeably with interosseous membrane . disambig ... more details
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