This is a list of subjects related to the Quebec independence movement . List History New France French and Indian War The Conquest Province of Quebec 1763 1791 Province of Quebec Constitutional Act of 1791 Lower Canada Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada Declaration of Independence Republic of Lower Canada Act of Union 1840 Act of Union Canada East Canadian confederation Confederation Quebec Reference re Secession of Quebec Category British rule in India More... Events Assembl e des six comt s Patriotes Rebellion Francoeur Motion Quiet Revolution Vive le Qu bec libre speech October Crisis Quebec general election, 1976 Le 15 novembre 1980 Quebec referendum Constitution Act, 1982 Patriation of the Constitution Night of the Long Knives Canada Night of the Long Knives Meech Lake Accord Demise of the Meech Lake Accord Charlottetown Accord Charlottetown Accord referendum 1995 Quebec referendum World philosophies Classical liberalism Republicanism Responsible government Secularism Anti imperialism Nation state Self determination Separatism Decolonization Direct action Socialism Social democracy Keynesian economics Welfare state Supranational union Cultural diversity Quebec concepts Quebec nationalism Quebec sovereignty movement Sovereigntism Sovereignty Association Pur et dur Beau risque The Three Periods Organizations Parti patriote Fils de la libert Fr res Chasseurs Saint Jean Baptiste Society Alliance laurentienne Rassemblement pour l ind pendance nationale Front de lib ration du Qu bec Parti Qu b cois Bloc Qu b cois Qu bec solidaire Books and documents Declaration of independence of Lower Canada Pour la patrie La fatigue culturelle du Canada fran ais Prochain pisode Pourquoi je suis s paratiste N gres blancs d Am rique galit ou ind pendance Option Qu bec FLQ Manifesto The Black Book of English Canada Films Les Ordres film Orders Comfort and Indifference Elvis Gratton October Quand je serai parti... vous vivrez encore February 15, 1839 Songs Un Canadien err ... more details
about voting with two criteria of majority needing to be satisfied a system that requires more than 50 of the vote Majority and Absolute majority a system requiring more than an arbitrary percentage, set at greater than 50 , of the vote Supermajority A double majority is the name given to a vote which requires a majority of votes according to two separate criteria. The mechanism is usually used to require strong support for any measure considered to be of great importance. Typically in legislative bodies, a double majority requirement exists in the form of a quorum being necessary for legislation to be passed. Examples of double majority Australia In Australia , Constitution of Australia constitutional changes must be passed at a referendum in a majority of states 4 of the 6 , and by a majority of voters nationally. Prior to 1977, the votes of citizens in the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ACT did not affect the national or state based count. After a Constitution Alteration put to referendum in 1977 and given vice regal assent on 19 July 1977, Territorial votes contribute towards the national majority, but the Territories themselves do not count towards the majority of states. Note that the territories have very small populations. Canada Since the patriation of the Constitution of Canada Canadian constitution in 1982, thorough amendments to the Constitution of Canada amending formulae for the constitution were adopted. Per the Constitution Act, 1982 , many amendments can be passed only by the Parliament of Canada and a two thirds majority of the provinces and territories of Canada provincial legislatures , those provinces together representing at least 50 of the national population this is known as the 7 10 formula as there were and are 10 provinces, so 7 constitutes a two thirds majority . Additionally, a province can explicitly choose to dissent to such an amendment, in which case it does not apply in that province even if passed. Though n ... more details
Infobox Officeholder honorific prefix small The Honourable small br name Michael J. L. Kirby honorific suffix image imagesize office Senate of Canada Senator for South Shore, Nova Scotia appointed Pierre Trudeau predecessor successor term start 1984 term end 2006 birth date birth date and age 1941 08 05 birth place Montreal, Quebec death date death place nationality spouse party Liberal Party of Canada Liberal relations children residence alma mater committees Chair, Standing Committee on Banking, Trade and Commerce 1994 1999 br Chair, Standing Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology 1999 2006 occupation profession religion Michael J. L. Kirby , Order of Canada OC born August 5, 1941 is a Canada Canadian politician. He sat in the Canadian Senate as a Liberal Party of Canada Liberal representing Nova Scotia . Currently, he is the Chair of the Mental Health Commission of Canada. Born in Montreal , Kirby earned a Bachelor of Science and Master of Arts postgraduate Master of Arts in Mathematics from Dalhousie University where he was a member of Phi Delta Theta Fraternity , and, also a Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Mathematics from Northwestern University . In the 1960s Kirby was a professor of Business Administration and Public Administration at Dalhousie and also taught at the University of Chicago and the University of Kent . Kirby worked as principal assistant to the Premier of Nova Scotia Gerald Regan from 1970 to 1973 and Assistant Principal Secretary to Prime Minister of Canada Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau from 1974 to 1976. He served as President of the Institute for Research on Public Policy from 1977 to 1980. Kirby returned to public service in the 1980s as Secretary to the Canadian Cabinet for Federal Provincial Relations and Deputy Clerk of the Queen s Privy Council for Canada . As such he participated in the federal provincial negotiations that led to the patriation of the Canadian Constitution in 1982. He was elevated to the Canadian Senate b ... more details
Infobox Officeholder honorific prefix small The Honourable small br name Serge Joyal honorific suffix image imagesize office Senate of Canada Senator for List of Quebec senators Kennebec Kennebec , Quebec appointed Jean Chr tien predecessor successor term start November 26, 1997 term end birth date birth date and age 1945 2 1 birth place Montreal , Quebec death date death place nationality spouse party Liberal Party of Canada Liberal relations children residence alma mater occupation profession cabinet committees portfolio religion signature website footnotes Serge Joyal , Queen s Privy Council for Canada PC , Order of Canada OC , National Order of Quebec OQ born February 1, 1945 is a Canadian Senate Canadian Senator . A lawyer by profession, Joyal served as vice president of the Quebec wing of the Liberal Party of Canada . He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the Canadian federal election, 1974 1974 general election and remained a Liberal Member of Parliament for ten years. In 1978, Joyal, along with a group of concerned Montreal citizens that included Nick Auf der Maur and Robert Keaton, co founded the Municipal Action Group MAG . Joyal was particularly well known at the time for having supported L Association des gens de l air, a group which was criticizing the lack of spoken French by airport controllers. Joyal led the newly formed MAG and ran for mayor against the incumbent, Jean Drapeau. MAG succeeded in electing one member to Montreal council auf der Maur , but Drapeau s party won 52 seats. As Joyal had not resigned his federal seat, he returned to Ottawa. Following the Canadian federal election, 1980 1980 general election , Joyal served as co chair of the Joint Committee on the Patriation of the Canadian Constitution . In 1982, he joined the Canadian Cabinet Cabinet of Prime Minister of Canada Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau as a Minister of State Canada Minister of State . He was appointed Secretary of State for Canada in 1982. When John T ... more details
to the notwithstanding clause in the Patriation Kitchen Accord . The clause was included as part of what is known as The Patriation The Kitchen Accord Kitchen Accord . At the end of a conference on the constitution ... more details
preamble could be written after patriation was achieved, and thus there was no need for the preamble ... was sent during patriation. ref name Egerton Egerton. ref Farrow identified the Charter ... more details
October 15, 1964 ref The formula would have achieved the patriation of the Constitution. Under the formula ... 177 that stated, Quebec will never agree, under the existing system, to the patriation of the Constitution ... Quebec delegation system. Patriation Canada Act 1982 Main Canada Act 1982 Subsequently, an agreement .... In Canada, this was called the patriation of the Constitution. This action including the creation ... Canadian constitutional arrangement of 1982 the patriation , because its formula for future ... failure of federalism. In this school of thought, patriation without Quebec s consent was the only ... economy Patriation CBC Digital Archives Charting the Future Canada s New Constitution Constitution of Canada ... more details
Parliament s jurisdiction until 1982. ref The patriation of the Canadian Constitution was achieved ... of provinces and colonies in British North America . With the patriation of the Constitution in 1982 ... IDD 1 73 1092 politics economy Patriation CBC Digital Archives Charting the Future Canada s New ... more details
Infobox Prime Minister image honorific prefix small The Honourable small br name Roy John Romanow br honorific suffix small Queen s Privy Council for Canada PC Order of Canada Officer OC Queen s Counsel QC Saskatchewan Order of Merit SOM small caption order1 12th office1 Premier of Saskatchewan term start1 November 1, 1991 term end1 February 8, 2001 lieutenant governor1 Sylvia Fedoruk , Jack Wiebe , Lynda Haverstock predecessor1 Grant Devine successor1 Lorne Calvert party Saskatchewan New Democratic Party New Democrats birth date birth date and age 1939 08 12 birth place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan death date death place party Saskatchewan New Democratic Party New Democrats spouse Eleanore Romanow religion Roy John Romanow , Queen s Privy Council for Canada PC , Order of Canada Officer OC , Queen s Counsel QC , Saskatchewan Order of Merit SOM born August 12, 1939 in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan is a Canada Canadian politician and the List of premiers of Saskatchewan 12th Premier of Saskatchewan Premier of Saskatchewan 1991&ndash 2001 . Born the son of Ukrainian immigrants, he performed well in school despite English being his second language and studied at the University of Saskatchewan , earning a Bachelor of Arts B.A. in Political Science and a LL.B. while involving himself heavily and early on in student politics. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the Saskatchewan general election, 1967 1967 provincial election in the riding of Saskatoon Riversdale . From 1971 to 1982, he served as deputy premier of Saskatchewan. In 1982 he was defeated by Joanne Zazalenchuk, a 22 year old retail employee, but regained his seat in 1986. Romanow was well acquainted with Pierre Trudeau , Prime Minister of Canada Prime Minister from 1968&ndash 1979 and 1980&ndash 1984. He remains a close friend of Jean Chr tien , who was prime minister from 1993 to 2003. During the 1981 discussions over patriation of the Canadian constitution , Attorney General of Ontario Ro ... more details
The Victoria Charter was a set of proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada in 1971. This document represented a failed attempt on the part of Prime Minister of Canada Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau to patriation patriate the Constitution, add rights and freedoms to it and entrench English language English and French language French as Canada s official language s he later succeeded in all these objectives in 1982 with the enactment of the Canada Act 1982 . Content The Charter would have also terminated the powers of disallowance and reservation , which remain in the Constitution. There was also a bill of rights and a new Amendments to the Constitution of Canada amending formula . Bill of rights The Victoria Charter began with the title Part I Political Rights , which contained nine articles. This bill of rights, however, was not as elaborate as Canada s current constitutional bill of rights, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . ref Ian Urquhart, http www.law.ualberta.ca ccskeywords victoria charter.html Victoria Charter . University of Alberta Faculty of Law , URL accessed 22 April 2006. ref The first article declared the existence of freedom of expression and freedom of religion , and like the 1960 Canadian Bill of Rights , stipulated that all laws shall be construed and applied so as not to abrogate or abridge any such freedom. Article 2 established the applicability of the bill of rights to Parliament and the legislatures, and article 3 allowed for reasonable limits on rights compare this to Section One of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms section 1 of the Charter ref Anne F. Bayefsky, Of Diligence and Dice Reconstituting Canada s Constitution Canada s Constitution Act 1982 and Amendments A Documentary History, The University of Toronto Law Journal , vol. 42, no. 2. Spring, 1992 , p. 213. ref . Article 4 recognized the importance of the right to vote , and article 5 elaborated on this by saying the right could not be denied due to race, ... more details
Infobox person name Lloyd Robertson image Brian Williams and Lloyd Robertson.jpg caption Lloyd Robertson left and Brian Williams birth name birth date Birth date and age 1934 1 19 birth place Stratford, Ontario Stratford , Ontario , Canada death date death place education occupation News anchor alias Canada s Most Trusted News Anchor ref http www.ctv.ca CTVNews lloyd 20110804 lloyd robertson release 20110804 Canadian News Icon Lloyd Robertson Signs Off Sept. 1 on CTV CTV News Bot generated title ref title family spouse Nancy Robertson 1956 present domestic partner children 4 children relatives ethnicity nationality Canadian religion Presbyterian Church in Canada Presbyterian ref name presbyterian cite book last Congram first John title This Presbyterian Church of ours url http books.google.ca books?id M L7LlAE8 oC&pg PA145&lpg PA145&dq 22lloyd robertson 22 presbyterian&source bl&ots i lFGw XXL&sig XuVMhhOjC m4lebwgviLeJ5EPII&hl en&sa X&ei f0I T9iiGOHj0QHgoezJBw&ved 0CDQQ6AEwAw v onepage&q 22lloyd 20robertson 22 20presbyterian&f false accessdate 2012 02 18 year 1995 publisher Wood Lake Books Inc. location Winfield, British Columbia isbn 0 929032 89 6 page 145 chapter Chapter 11 Being Presbyterian today and tomorrow The family reaches out ref years active 1952 present credits agent URL Lloyd Robertson , Order of Canada OC born January 19, 1934 is the currently the co host of CTV s weekly magazine series, W Five W5 . Robertson previously served as the chief News presenter anchor and senior editor of CTV Television Network CTV s national evening newscast, CTV National News CTV News with Lloyd Robertson , until September 2011, when he retired from the CTV National News team. Broadcasting career Robertson has covered many major events throughout his career, including the 1967 opening of Expo 67 in Montreal, the 1969 Moon landing along with Percy Saltzman , many Olympic Games, Terry Fox s Marathon of Hope, the patriation of the Canadian Constitution , both the 1980 Quebec ... more details
Infobox person name Rafe Mair image Rafe mair 80th.jpg alt caption Rafe Mair speaking at his 80th birthday roast comedy roast . Photo by Gus Curtis, http www.guscurtisphotography.com guscurtisphotography.com birth name birth date Birth date and age 1931 12 31 birth place Vancouver , British Columbia death date Death date and age YYYY MM DD YYYY MM DD death date then birth date death place nationality Canadian people Canadian other names known for occupation Lawyer, political commentator , formerly radio personality and politician Rafe Mair , born birth date and age 1931 12 31 , is a lawyer, political commentator and former radio personality and politician in British Columbia , Canada . Mair was born in Vancouver , British Columbia where he worked as a lawyer for many years. His political career began in 1975, when he was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly MLA of the British Columbia Social Credit Party representing the riding of Kamloops provincial electoral district Kamloops . He held that seat until retiring from politics in 1981 the seat was taken over by Claude Richmond . Mair served as a cabinet minister in the government of Premier Canada Premier Bill Bennett under a variety of portfolios including health and education. During the patriation of the Constitution of Canada , he was BC s chief delegate on constitutional matters. In 1981, he left government and has since served as a radio talk show host in Vancouver. In the early 1990s, he gained national notoriety and support alike for his role as an outspoken opponent of both the Meech Lake Accord Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accord Charlottetown constitutional accords. Despite high ratings, his show was cancelled by CKNW in 2003, and he was subsequently hired at CKBD 600 AM , an oldies station, to start a morning talk show. This job ended in late 2005. In the Fall of 2005 he became a regular commentary guest on Omni Television s prime time current affairs program, The Standard seen in Vancouver on ... more details
File American President Nixon address joint session of the Canadian Parliament in Ottawa 1972.JPG thumb right Richard Nixon addresses a joint session Canada joint session of the Parliament of Canada, 1972. A joint address is a special procedure of the Canadian Parliament of Canada parliament , in which members of the Canadian House of Commons House of Commons and Senate of Canada Senate sit jointly in the former chamber, which, for the occasion, becomes an auditorium. The Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons Speaker of the House of Commons takes his chair as normal, while to his or her right sits the Speaker of the Canadian Senate Speaker of the Senate and members of the commons also take their usual seats with senators and justices of the Supreme Court of Canada Supreme Court positioned on the floor of the house, in front of the Clerk s table. Gallery privileges are suspended during a joint address, and access to those areas is strictly limited to invited guests. Such an event is used most commonly when a visiting dignitary mdash such as a foreign head of state or head of government mdash wishes to address the parliament. However, on more rare occasions, the process may also be used to make a formal, binding request of the Monarchy of Canada Canadian monarch for example, this was part of the process used to amend the Constitution of Canada prior to patriation in 1982. ref Citation last Lederman first William publication date 1983 contribution The Supreme Court of Canada and Basic Constitutional Amendment editor last Banting editor first Keith G. editor2 last Simeon editor2 first Richard title And no one cheered federalism, democracy, and the Constitution Act page 177 publication place Toronto publisher Taylor & Francis isbn 9780458959501 url http books.google.ca books?id sUwOAAAAQAAJ&printsec frontcover&source gbs navlinks s v onepage&q&f false accessdate 12 June 2010 ref In extreme circumstances, a joint address may also be used to remove a person previously a ... more details
of Westminster 1931 that made each realm of the Crown independent. The 1982 patriation of the British ... Veto Reference found that Qu bec did not have a veto on the patriation, leading to the current ... more details
of rights, patriation and amending formula and powers over the economy 51 Federal Provincial Conference of First Ministers on the Constitution Ottawa November 2 5, 1981 Consensus on patriation, constitutional ... more details
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