Infobox disease Name Pericarditis Image PericarditisECG.JPG Caption An ECG showing pericarditis. Note ... thumb An ECG showing pericarditis. Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium the fibrous sac surrounding the heart . A characteristic chest pain is often present. The causes of pericarditis are varied, including viral infections of the pericardium, idiopathic causes, uremic pericarditis , bacterial infections of the pericardium e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis , post infarct pericarditispericarditis due to heart attack , or Dressler s syndrome Dressler s pericarditis. Classification Pericarditis ... CVHTML CVIDX.html images ref Types include serous purulent Uremic pericarditis fibrinous caseous hemorrhagic Post infarction pericarditis Post infarction Acute vs. chronic Depending on the time of presentation and duration, pericarditis is divided into acute and chronic forms. Acute pericarditis is more common than chronic pericarditis, and can occur as a complication of infections, immunologic conditions, or even as a result of a heart attack myocardial infarction . Chronic pericarditis however is less common, a form of which is constrictive pericarditis . The following is the clinical ... in , is the characteristic pain of pericarditis. ref name mk cite book author American College ..., and constant with radiation to the left arm and or the jaw. Other symptoms of pericarditis may include ... pain, pericarditis can be misdiagnosed as an acute myocardial infarction a heart attack solely based ... an acute myocardial infarction heart attack can also cause pericarditis, but often the presenting ... of pericarditis ref name mk class wikitable scope col Characteristic Parameter scope col Pericarditis ... to come to the ER Physical examinations The classic medical sign sign of pericarditis is a pericardial ... Pericarditis can progress to pericardial effusion and eventually cardiac tamponade . This can be seen in patients who are experiencing the classic signs of pericarditis but then show signs of relief ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Uremic pericarditis Image Pericarditis fibrinosa.jpg Caption Pericarditis fibrinosa DiseasesDB ICD10 N18.8 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Uremic pericarditis is a form of pericarditis . It causes fibrinous pericarditis. ref name urlCIN2003. Agarwal UREMIC PERICARDITIS cite web url http www.uninet.edu cin2003 conf agarwal agarwal.html title CIN 2003. Agarwal UREMIC PERICARDITIS work accessdate 2009 03 14 ref Presentation Fibrinous pericarditis is an exudative inflammation . The pericardium is infiltrated by the fibrinous exudate. This consists of fibrin strands and leukocytes . Fibrin describes an amorphous, eosinophilic pink network. Leukocytes white blood cells mainly neutrophils are found within the fibrin deposits and intrapericardic. Vascular congestion is also present. Inflammatory cells do not penetrate the myocardium as is seen with other presentations of pericarditis , and as a result, this particular variant does not present with diffuse ST elevation on ECG a classic sign of pericarditis known as stage I ECG changes which are seen with other etiologies . ref name urlCIN2003. Agarwal UREMIC PERICARDITIS To naked eye examination, this pathology is referred to as having a Bread and Butter Appearance . Treatment It is sometimes treated with dialysis . ref name pmid11216584 cite journal author Rivera M, Teruel JL, Marc n R, Ortu o J title Intensive continuous peritoneal dialysis as treatment of uremic pericarditis journal Perit Dial Int volume 20 issue 6 pages 803 year 2000 pmid 11216584 doi url http www.pdiconnect.com cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 11216584 format dead link date May 2010 ref References reflist Circulatory system pathology Urologic disease Category Pericardial disorders ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Tuberculous pericarditis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D010495 Tuberculous pericarditis is a form of pericarditis . Pericarditis caused by tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose, because definitive diagnosis requires culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis from aspirated pericardium pericardial fluid or pericardial Wiktionary biopsy biopsy , which requires high technical skill and is often not diagnostic the yield from culture is low even with optimum specimens . The Tygerberg score Tygerberg scoring system helps the clinician to decide whether pericarditis is due to tuberculosis or whether it is due to another cause night sweats 1 point , weight loss 1 point , fever 2 point , serum globulin > 40g l 3 points , blood total leucocyte count < 10 x 10 sup 9 sup l 3 points a total score of 6 or more is highly suggestive of tuberculous pericarditis. ref cite journal author Reuter H, Burgess L, van Vuuren W, Doubell A. title Diagnosing tuberculous pericarditis journal Q J Med year 2006 volume 99 pages 827&ndash 39 pmid 17121764 issue 12 doi 10.1093 qjmed hcl123 ref Pericardial fluid with an interferon gamma interferon level greater than 50 Wiktionary picogram pg ml is highly specific for tuberculous pericarditis. References reflist Gram positive actinobacteria diseases Circulatory system pathology Category Pericardial disorders ... more details
SignSymptom infobox Name Acute pericarditis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 I 30 i 30 ICD9 ICD9 420 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000182 eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1781 MeshName Acute pericarditis MeshNumber C14.280.720 Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis an inflammation of the sac surrounding ... 6 ref the most common causes of acute pericarditis include 35 Neoplastic 23 Autoimmune 21 Viral adenovirus ... is one of the common symptoms of acute pericarditis. It is usually of sudden onset, occurring in the anterior ... , muscular pain, etc. main chest pain Pericardial rub is a very specific sign of acute pericarditis ... pericarditis is cardiac tamponade . Cardiac tamponade is accumulation of enough fluid in the pericardial ... is fatal if not treated promptly. Another, longer term, complication is if pericarditis recurs over a longer period of time normally more than 3 months , it can become constrictive pericarditis . The definitive treatment for constrictive pericarditis is pericardial stripping, which is a surgical ... may be elevated. Molecular markers . Acute pericarditis is associated with a modest increase in serum creatine kinase MB CK MB ref name spodick cite journal author Spodick DH title Acute pericarditis ... Acute pericarditis myocardial enzyme release as evidence for myocarditis journal Am Heart J year ... with acute pericarditis journal Eur Heart J year 2000 pages 832 6 volume 21 issue 10 pmid 10781355 ... E, Belli R, Ghisio A, Bobbio M, Trinchero R title Cardiac troponin I in acute pericarditis journal ... levels increase in 35 50 of people with pericarditis. ref cite book author Amal Mattu Deepi Goyal ... 4051 4166 2 oclc doi accessdate ref Electrocardiogram EKG . EKG changes in acute pericarditis mainly ..., only fibrin deposition, and therefore the EKG in uremic pericarditis will be normal. Typical EKG changes in acute pericarditis includes ref name troughton cite journal author Troughton RW, Asher CR, Klein AL title Pericarditis journal Lancet year 2004 pages 717 27 volume 363 issue 9410 pmid 15001332 ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Constrictive pericarditis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 I 31 1 i 30 ICD9 ICD9 423.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic eMedicine mult MeshID D010494 In many cases, constrictive pericarditis is a late sequela, in other words a condition that is the consequence of a previous disease, of an inflammatory condition of the pericardium . The inflammatory condition is usually an infection that involves the pericardium, but it may also occur after a myocardial infarction heart attack or after coronary artery bypass surgery heart surgery . Causes Almost half the cases of constrictive pericarditis in the developing world are idiopathic in origin. In regions where tuberculosis is common, it is the cause in a large portion of cases. Causes of constrictive pericarditis include Infectious Tuberculosis Incomplete drainage of purulent pericarditis Fungal and parasitic infection s Inflammatory and autoimmune Chronic pericarditis Postviral pericarditis Postsurgical Following pericarditis associated with acute myocardial infarction Following Dressler s syndrome post myocardial infarction Dressler s syndrome In association with pulmonary asbestosis Prior mediastinal ... Pathophysiology Constrictive pericarditis is due to a thickened, fibrotic pericardium that forms ... of constrictive pericarditis is often difficult to make. In particular, restrictive cardiomyopathy has many similar clinical features to constrictive pericarditis, and differentiating them in a particular ... treatment for constrictive pericarditis is pericardiectomy pericardial stripping , which is a surgical ... S, Ketenci B, Teskin O, Kutlu H, Eren E. title Chronic constrictive tuberculous pericarditis risk factors ... S, Mishra PK, Pradeep KK, Sathia S, Venugopal P title Pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis ..., Seward JB, Tajik AJ title Constrictive pericarditis in the modern era evolving clinical spectrum and impact ... involving the fasciae Category Inflammations nl Pericarditis constrictiva ja no Konstriktiv ... more details
unreferenced date September 2009 Myopericarditis is a combination of both myocarditis and pericarditis appearing in a single individual. It is when fluid is in the heart. Myopericarditis refers primarily to a pericarditis with lesser myocarditis, as opposed to a perimyocarditis, though the two terms are often used interchangeably. Both will be reflected on an ECG. Circulatory system pathology Inflammation Category Pericardial disorders Category Diseases involving the fasciae Category Inflammations cardiology stub ... more details
The Tygerberg score is a clinical decision tool that allows the clinician to decide whether pericarditis is due to tuberculosis or not. It uses five variables Weight loss 1 point Night sweats 1 point Fever 2 points Serum globulin > 40 g l 3 points Blood leukocyte count < 10 × 10 sup 9 sup l A total score of 6 or more is highly suggestive that tuberculosis is the cause of the pericarditis. References cite journal author Reuter H, Burgess L, van Vuuren W, Doubell A. title Diagnosing tuberculous pericarditis journal Q J Med year 2006 volume 99 pages 827&ndash 39 pmid 17121764 issue 12 doi 10.1093 qjmed hcl123 Category Tuberculosis Category Medical scales ... more details
Dicdef In anatomy , the precordium praecordium in British English is the portion of the body over the heart and lower chest . ref http www.merriam webster.com medical precordium Merriam Webster Medical Dictionary s entry for Precordial . Cited 2 Dec 2009 UTC ref Precordial chest pain can be an indication of a variety of illnesses, including costochondritis and viral pericarditis . See also Precordial thump Precordial examination Commotio cordis Hyperdynamic precordium Precordial catch syndrome References references Category Anatomy Anatomy stub pt Prec rdio sv Prekordiet ... more details
In medicine, Friedreich s sign is the exaggerated drop in Diastole diastolic central venous pressure seen in constrictive pericarditis particularly with a stiff calcified pericardium and manifested as abrupt collapse of the neck vein s or marked descent of the central venous pressure waveform. The sign is named after Nikolaus Friedreich . ref WhoNamedIt synd 1409 Friedreich s sign ref References reflist Category Symptoms and signs Vascular med sign stub Eponymous medical signs for circulatory and respiratory systems ... more details
Refimprove date January 2009 A pericardial friction rub , also pericardial rub , is an audible medical sign used in the medical diagnosis diagnosis of pericarditis . ref name pmid18052017 cite journal author Tingle LE, Molina D, Calvert CW title Acute pericarditis journal Am Fam Physician volume 76 issue 10 pages 1509 14 year 2007 month November pmid 18052017 doi url ref Upon auscultation , this sign is an extra heart sound of to and fro character, typically with three components, two systole medicine systolic and one diastole diastolic . It resembles the sound of squeaky leather and often is described as grating, scratching, or rasping. The sound seems very close to the ear and may seem louder than or may even mask the other heart sounds. The sound usually is best heard between the Apex of the heart apex and Human sternum sternum but may be widespread. Cause The pericardium is a double walled sac around the heart . The inner and outer visceral and parietal, respectively layers are normally lubricated by a small amount of pericardial fluid, but the inflammation of pericardium causes the walls to rub against each other with audible friction. Differential diagnosis Pericardial friction rub is one of several, similar sounds. A differential diagnosis may be possible, or not, depending upon the number of components that are audible. Pericardial friction rub may have one, two, or three audible components, whereas the similar pleural friction rub ordinarily has two audible components. One and two component rubs are ambiguous. A three component rub distinguishes a pericardial rub and indicates the presence of pericarditis. References reflist See also precordial exam Cardiovascular system symptoms and signs Category Audible medical signs med sign stub cs Perikardi ln t ec elest pl Tarcie osierdziowe ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Interventions infobox Name Pericardiectomy Image Caption ICD10 ICD9 ICD9proc 37.31 MeshID D010492 OtherCodes Pericardiectomy is the surgical removal of part or most of the pericardium . This operation is most commonly done to relieve constrictive pericarditis , or to remove a pericardium that is calcified and fibrous. There are many etiologies for constrictive pericarditis and it is better to know the exact cause as the post operative morbidity, mortality and life expectancy are strongly influenced by the cause. It takes place by removing the infected, fibrosed, or otherwise damaged pericardium. The procedure begins when the surgeon makes an incision in the skin over the Human breastbone breastbone and divides it to expose the pericardium. During the surgery, the surgeon will grasp the pericardium, cut the top of this fibrous covering of the heart , drop into the specimen bag, and the heart is re covered. Then, the surgeon will wire the breastbone back together, the incision is closed, and the procedure is completed.When all the portion of pericardium lying between the two phrenic nerve s is excised it is called total pericardiectomy. In cases where total pericardiectomy is not possible, subtotal pericardiectomy is performed or, in extreme cases, a cruciate incision on the pericardium is performed. Cardiac surgery and other cardiovascular procedures Surgeries Category Surgical removal procedures Category Cardiac surgery Treatment stub pl Perikardiektomia ... more details
Carditis is the inflammation of the heart ref DorlandsDict two 000017437 carditis ref or its surroundings. It is usually studied and treated by specifying it as Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart heart muscle Endocarditis is the inflammation of the endocardium Reflux carditis refers to a possible outcome of esophageal reflux also known as Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD Pancarditis inflammation of the entire heart the epicardium and the myocardium and the endocardium carditis inflammation of the heart References reflist Heart diseases Inflammation Category Heart diseases disease stub ar de Karditis es Carditis it Pancardite pt Cardite fi Syd ntulehdus ... more details
Broadbent sign is a medical sign clinical sign in which the 11th and 12th rib ribs are indrawn, with narrowing of the intercostal space posteriorly, which is seen in cases of constrictive pericarditis due to Pericardium pericardial adhesions to the Thoracic diaphragm diaphragm . The sign is named after Walter Broadbent , and was published in his first paper in 1895, although it may have been inspired by his father, William Broadbent Sir William Broadbent . ref Barry G. Firkin, Judith A. Whitworth. Dictionary of Medical Eponyms. Informa Health Care, 2001, page 47. ISBN 9781850703334. ref References reflist med sign stub Category Medical signs Category Cardiology pl Objaw Broadbenta ... more details
Dr. Walter Broadbent 1868 1951 was an England English physician remembered for describing the Broadbent sign of constrictive pericarditis . ref Barry G. Firkin, Judith A. Whitworth. Dictionary of Medical Eponyms. Informa Health Care, 2001, page 47. ISBN 9781850703334. ref Biography Walter Broadbent was born in 1868, the son of Sir William Broadbent . He was educated at Harrow School , Trinity College, Cambridge and St Mary s Hospital, London . ref Venn id BRDT886W name Broadbent, Walter ref He graduated in 1893. His first paper, published in 1895, described the Broadbent sign. References reflist Persondata NAME Broadbent, Walter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION English physician DATE OF BIRTH 1868 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1951 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Broadbent, Walter Category 19th century English medical doctors Category 1868 births Category 1951 deaths Category Old Harrovians Category Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Category 20th century English medical doctors England med bio stub ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 32938 ICD10 ICD10 I 97 0 i 95 ICD9 ICD9 429.4 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 891471 MeshID D011185 Postcardiotomy syndrome occurs two to three weeks up to one year after pericardiotomy , and is characterized by fever , pleuritis , pericarditis , or arthritis , together with petechiae on the skin and palate. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 827 . The cause is believed to be an autoimmune response against damaged cardiac tissue. This is supported by excellent response to immunosuppressive steroid therapy. ref name UpToDate Cite book last Heffner first John title Pleural Effusions Following Cardiac surgery publisher UpToDate date 2010 ref See also Skin lesion References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Category Vascular related cutaneous conditions ... more details
MI . A similar pericarditis can be associated with any pericardiotomy or trauma to the percardium or cardiac ... Krainin F, Flessas A, Spodick D title Infarction associated pericarditis. Rarity of diagnostic electrocardiogram ... more details
Kussmaul s sign is the observation of a rise in jugular venous pressure JVP, the filling of the jugular vein on inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of cardiology heart disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right heart failure. Background Ordinarily the JVP falls with inspiration due to reduced pressure in the expanding human thorax thoracic cavity and the increased volume afforded to right ventricular expansion during diastole. Kussmaul s sign suggests impaired filling of the right ventricle due to either fluid in the pericardial space or a poorly compliant myocardium or pericardium. This impaired filling causes the increased blood flow to back up into the venous system, causing the jugular vein distension JVD and is seen clinically in the external jugular veins becoming more readily visible. Causes The differential diagnosis generally associated with Kussmaul s sign is constrictive pericarditis , along with restrictive cardiomyopathy and cardiac tamponade . ref cite web title Kussmaul s Sign url http www.gpnotebook.co.uk simplepage.cfm?ID 1369047062 work General Practice Notebook a UK medical reference ref With cardiac tamponade , jugular veins are distended and typically show a prominent x descent and an absent y descent as opposed to patients with constrictive pericarditis, see Beck s triad cardiology Beck s triad . ref Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine 17th, and Self assessment & Board Review cardiovescular system questions 15, 29 ref Other possible causes of Kussmaul s sign include Right ventricular infarction low ventricular compliance Right heart failure Cardiac tumour s Tricuspid stenosis History Kussmaul s sign is named after the Germany German doctor who first described it, Adolph Kussmaul 1822 1902 . ref WhoNamedIt synd 1368 ref ref A. Kussmaul. ber schwielige Mediastino Perikarditis und den paradoxen Puls. Berliner klinische Wochenschrift, 1873, 10 433 435, 445 ... more details
Franz Volhard 2 May 1872 24 May 1950 was a German internist born in Munich . He studied medicine in Bonn , Strasbourg , and Halle, Saxony Anhalt Halle . His instructors included Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pfl ger 1829 1910 , Bernhard Naunyn 1839 1925 , Oswald Schmiedeberg 1838 1921 , and Joseph von Mering 1849 1908 . From 1897 to 1905 he worked at the university medical clinic at University of Giessen Giessen under Franz Riegel 1843 1904 . In 1905 he became head of the medical department at the city hospital in Dortmund , and in 1908 director of the Krankenanstalt in Mannheim . Afterwards he was a professor at Halle, Saxony Anhalt Halle an der Saale from 1918 and Frankfurt am Main from 1927 . Volhard made several important contributions in the fields of cardiology and nephrology . He is especially remembered for his collaboration with pathologist Karl Theodor Fahr 1877 1945 in Mannheim concerning research of kidney diseases. The two physicians created a classification system of renal disorders, in which they made the differentiation between degenerative nephrosis nephroses , inflammatory nephritides and arteriosclerotic Sclerosis medicine scleroses diseases. ref http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 894176 Cat.Inist Franz Volhard and Theodor Fahr achievements and controversies in their research in renal disease and hypertension ref With Fahr he published a classic monograph on Bright s disease called Die Bright sche Nierenkrankheit, Klinik, Pathologie und Atlas . Volhard recognized that constrictive pericarditis was a treatable condition, and as a result of his research with Viktor Schmieden 1874 1945 , it led to the first pericardectomy for constrictive pericarditis. Volhard also performed extensive studies involving renovascular hypertension and uremia . Regarding uremia, he divided associated symptoms into two criteria called true uremia and pseudo uremia . Pseudo uremia was described as having symptoms of independent origin, such as cases involving elevated a ... more details
Viktor Schmieden 19 January 1874 &ndash 1945 was a German surgeon born in Berlin . In 1897 he earned his medical doctorate from the University of Bonn , and subsequently worked in hospitals in G ttingen , Berlin and Bonn . Later he was a professor at the Universities of University of Halle Halle from 1913 and Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt from 1919 . Schmieden is remembered for his work with Franz Volhard 1872 1950 in the establishment of pericardectomy for treatment of constrictive pericarditis . Historically this procedure was referred to as Schmieden s operation . He also made important contributions towards the treatment of hydrocephalus , and in 1926 identified that Polyp medicine polyps of the Colon anatomy colon were a precursor of colorectal cancer . Written works Schmieden was the author of numerous works. With August Borchard 1864 1940 , he was co author of two books on war related surgery Lehrbuch der Kriegschirurgie and Die deutsche Chirurgie im Weltkriege 1914 1918 , ref http www.idref.fr 084979275 IDREF.fr bibliography of August Borchard ref ref http www.worldcat.org identities lccn no94 2757 Worldcat Identities August Borchard, publications ref and with Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch 1875 1951 , he published the sixth edition of Chirurgische Operationslehre Surgical Operation Teachings by August Bier August Karl Gustav Bier , Heinrich Braun and Hermann K mmell . Other noted worked by Schmieden include Der chirurgische Operationskursus , 1910 12th edition with A. W. Fischer in 1930 translated into English. Ueber Erkennung und Behandlung der Umklammerung des Herzens durch schwielige Parikarditis , with Franz Volhard 1872 1950 . Klinische Wochenschrift, Berlin, 1923, 2 5 9. First complete pericardectomy for constrictive pericarditis. Die theoretischen Grundlagen der Hyperaemiebehandlung In Handbuch der normalen und pathologischen Physiologie, volume 7, 2 Berlin, 1927 Die Geschichte der Laparotomie Berlin, 1936 References http www.whonamedit.com docto ... more details
Refimprove date November 2009 Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 29254 ICD10 ICD10 I 39 i 30 , ICD10 M 32 1 m 30 ICD9 ICD9 710.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1295 MeshID D008180 Libman Sacks endocarditis is a form of nonbacterial endocarditis that is seen in lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus . It is one of the most common cardiac manifestations of lupus the most common being pericarditis . ref Libman Sakcs endocarditis, in Mosby s Medical, Nursing &Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby YearBook, Inc., 1994, p. 907 ref It was first described by Drs. Emanuel Libman and Benjamin Sacks at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City in 1924. ref Libman E, Sacks B A hitherto undescribed form of valvular and mural endocarditis. Arch Intern Med 1924 33 701 37. ref ref http www.patient.co.uk showdoc 40024946 Patient.co.uk Libman Sacks Endocarditis Retrieved 2008 08 11 ref The association between Libman Sacks endocarditis and antiphospholipid syndrome was first noted in 1985. Presentation The vegetation pathology vegetation s are small and formed from strands of fibrin , neutrophils , lymphocytes , and histiocyte s. The mitral valve is typically affected, and the vegetations occur on the ventricular and atrial surface of the valve. Libman Sacks lesions rarely produce significant valve dysfunction and the lesions only rarely embolize. ref Doherty NE, Siegel RJ Cardiovascular manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am Heart J, 1985 Dec 110 6 1257 1265 ref Pathology The pathology is the same as nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis except focal necrosis hematoxylin bodies can be found only in Libman Sacks endocarditis. Citation needed date November 2009 References reflist Heart diseases Systemic connective tissue disorders Category Valvular heart disease Category Systemic connective tissue disorders de Libman Sacks Endokarditis es Endocarditis de Libman Sacks it Sindrome di Lib ... more details
Autoimmunity Autoimmune heart disease s are the effects of the body s own Immunity medical immune defense system mistaking cardiac antigens as foreign and attacking them leading to inflammation of the heart as a whole, or in parts. The commonest form of autoimmune heart disease is rheumatic heart disease or rheumatic fever . Mechanism and aetiology These are the typical mechanisms of autoimmunity . Autoantibody Autoantibodies or auto toxic T cell T lymphocyte mediated tissue destruction. The process is aided by neutrophil s, the complement system , tumor necrosis factor alpha , etc. Aetiologically, these are most commonly seen in children with a history of sore throat caused by a streptococcus streptococcal infection . This is similar to the post streptococcal glomerulonephritis . Here, the anti bacterial antibodies cross react with the heart antigens causing inflammation. Inflammatory damage leads to the following Pericarditis Here the pericardium gets inflamed. Acutely, it can cause pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade and death. After healing, there may be fibrosis and adhesion of the pericardium with the heart leading to constriction of the heart and reduced cardiac function. Myocarditis Here the muscle bulk of the heart gets inflamed. Inflamed muscles have reduced functional capacity. This may be fatal, if left untreated as is in a case of pancarditis . On healing, there will be fibrosis and reduced functional capacity. Endocarditis Here the inner lining of the heart is inflamed, including the heart valves . This may cause a Valvular heart disease valve prolapse , adhesion of the adjacent cusps of these valves and occlusion of the flow tracts of blood through the heart causing diseases called Valvular heart disease valve stenosis . Specific clinical manifestations These depend on the amount of inflammation . These are covered in their relevant articles. Acute Heart failure pericardial effusion etc. Chronic Valve diseases as noted above Reduced card ... more details
File Victor Henri Hutinel.jpg thumb Victor Henri Hutinel Victor Henri Hutinel 15 April 1849 21 March 1933 was a French physician who was a native of Ch tillon sur Seine , C te d Or . He specialized in pediatric medicine and childhood diseases. He studied medicine in Nancy, France Nancy , and later Paris , where he became an externe in 1871. He earned his medical doctorate in 1877, and in 1879 became M decin des H pitaux . In 1897 he was professor of internal pathology , and in 1907 became a professor of pediatrics , succeeding Jacques Joseph Grancher 1843 1907 as director at the Necker Enfants Malades Hospital H pital des Enfants Malades in Paris. Among his written publications was a five volume work on childhood diseases called Les maladies des enfants . Also, another name for tuberculous pericarditis with cirrhosis of the liver in children is sometimes referred to as Hutinel s disease . References http www.whonamedit.com doctor.cfm 2331.html Victor Henri Hutinel Who Named It http www.mercksource.com pp us cns cns hl dorlands split.jsp?pg ppdocs us common dorlands dorland three 000030944.h Dorlands Medical Dictionary Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Hutinel, Victor Henri ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 15 April 1849 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 21 March 1933 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Hutinel, Victor Henri Category 1849 births Category 1933 deaths Category People from Ch tillon sur Seine Category French pediatricians Category Necker Hospital France med bio stub fr Victor Henri Hutinel sv Victor Henri Hutinel ... more details
books.google.co.uk books?id wQfzn 2UIaoC&dq the only ecg&source gbs navlinks s ref Acute pericarditis ref name pmid18052017 cite journal author Tingle LE, Molina D, Calvert CW title Acute pericarditis ... HC, Lim SH title Electrocardiographical case. ST elevation is this an infarct? Pericarditis journal ... www.sma.org.sg smj 4611 4611me2.pdf ref ST elevation in all leads is more common with acute pericarditis ... more details
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