taxobox image Tonella tenella 5100.JPG image caption Tonella tenella in Olympic National Park , United States regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Asterids ordo Lamiales familia Plantaginaceae genus Tonella species T. tenella binomial Tonella tenella binomial authority George Bentham Benth. A. Heller Tonella tenella is one of two herbaceous plant species in genus Tonella , which has been recently reclassified as a member of Plantaginaceae . This species is known by the common names small flowered tonella and lesser baby innocence . The plant is a small annual herb with an erect stem up to 30 centimeters tall. The flowers are very tiny, only a few millimeters wide. The corolla is arranged with four petal lobes on one side and one larger petal lobe on the other. The lobed petals are white with blue or purple spots or streaks, and they surround four white stamens. Growing in the forest understory, often scrub oak, on moist rocky soil, its range extends from southern Vancouver Island , British Columbia to San Benito County , California. External links Commons inline http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol TOTE USDA Plants Profile http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?Tonella 20tenella Jepson Manual Treatment http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Tonella tenella Photo gallery Category Plantaginaceae Lamiales stub az Tonella tenella ... more details
Taxobox image Clarkia xantiana.jpg regnum Plant ae divisio Magnoliophyta classis Magnoliopsida ordo Myrtales familia Onagraceae genus Clarkia species C. xantiana binomial Clarkia xantiana binomial authority Asa Gray A.Gray Clarkia xantiana is a species of flowering plant in the Onagraceae evening primrose family known by the common name gunsight clarkia . It is Endemism endemic to California , where it is known from the southern Sierra Nevada U.S. Sierra Nevada and its foothills and the adjacent Transverse Ranges . This is an erect annual herb with linear to lance shaped leaves each up to 6 centimeters long. The inflorescence produces opening flowers and closed buds. The sepal s stay fused as the petals bloom from one side. Each petal is up to 2 centimeters long and generally light to medium purple in color, sometimes with a dark, ringed spot on the petals of the upper whorl. The petal has a narrow claw and a wider blade which has two lobes at the tip with a small tooth between. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?5263,5341,5407 Jepson Manual Profile http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CLXA USDA Plants Profile http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Clarkia xantiana Photo gallery Category Clarkia xantiana Category Flora of California Myrtales stub ... more details
Image B menziesii gnangarra 17.jpg thumb 250px Leaf whorl In botany, a whorl is an arrangement of sepal s, petal s, Phyllotaxis leaves , or branch es that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. ref http www.thefreedictionary.com whorl ref A whorl consists of at least three elements. Most flowers have four whorls the calyx botany calyx , a whorl of sepal s the corolla flower corolla , a whorl of petal s the androecium , a whorl of stamen s filaments and anther the gynecium , a whorl of the female parts of a flower the stigma botany stigma , style botany style and ovary plants ovary . If one or more of these floral structures are missing it is termed as an incomplete or imperfect flower. ref Lindley, John. http books.google.com books?id c0k AAAAcAAJ&pg PR100 v onepage&f false A Glossary of Technical Terms Used in Botany , p.100, Bradbury and Evans, London, 1848. ref References reflist Category Botany botany stub ca Verticil cs P eslen de Wirtel es Verticilo eo Verticilo eu Bertizilo fr Verticille gl Verticilo it Verticillo he pl Ok ek botanika pt Verticilo szl Uobko ek bota ika ... more details
EPT or Ept may refer to Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera, the three insect orders commonly used to test Water quality Biological assessment water quality Early pregnancy test , a home pregnancy test kit European Poker Tour , a series of televised poker tournaments Ecole Polytechnique de Tunisie , see Tunisia Polytechnic School Extended Page Table , a feature of hardware support for page table virtualization in computer science Empire Of The Petal Throne , the role playing world of T kumel Electric pallet truck , a tool used to lift and move pallets disambig de EPT fr EPT it EPT ja EPT pt EPT ... more details
Unreferenced stub type plant auto yes date December 2009 Taxobox name Calyceraceae regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Asterids ordo Asterales familia Calyceraceae familia authority Robert Brown botanist R. Brown ex Louis Claude Richard Richard Calyceraceae is a plant family in the order Asterales . The members of the family have simple, alternate leaves and flowers arranged in heads. The flowers have 5 fused petal s. Selected genera Acarpha Acicarpha Boopis Calycera Gamocarpha Moschopsis Category Asterales families Asterales stub cs Calyceraceae de Calyceraceae es Calyceraceae fr Calyceraceae ko id Calyceraceae nl Calyceraceae ja no Calyceraceae pt Calyceraceae vi Calyceraceae zh ... more details
Labium is the Latin word for lip . In English, it may refer to Labia , a part of the female external genitalia Labium botany , a modified petal in certain monocot flowers, which attracts insects for pollination Labium arthropod mouthpart , a mouthpart of arthropods the lower lip Labium genus , a genus of wasp s in the family Ichneumonidae Labium wind instrument , a part of wind instruments such as the recorder, see fipple Labia is the plural of labium. It may refer to Labia genus , a genus of earwig s in the family Labiidae, as in Lab s Labia. Labia family , a noble family of Venice See also Labial disambiguation Labrum disambiguation disambig de Labium it Labium ja nds Labium pl Wargi ru ... more details
distinguish2 anthrophobia , the fear of people Anthophobia is an abnormal and persistent fear of flowers from Greek roots anthos , flower , phobos , fear . Though sufferers generally understand that they face no threat from flowers, they invariably experience anxiety at the sight or thought. Any genus or species of flowers can instill fear, as can any flower part, such as a petal or Plant stem stem . ref cite web url http www.medterms.com script main art.asp?articlekey 12280 title Definition of Fear of flowers from MedicineNet.com date January 12, 2000 accessdate 2009 01 30 ref See also List of phobias References reflist abnormal psych stub Category Phobias pl Antofobia pt Antofobia ru uk ... more details
unreferenced date July 2009 Eye pillows , also known as dream pillows, are typically mask shaped or rectangular pouch made out of natural fabric such as cotton or silk and filled with natural scented and or non scented herbs. At one time, eye pillows were called comfort pillows and were used in sickrooms to ease nightmares and to disguise the scent of illness. Herbs such as flax seed , lavender , chamomile , eucalyptus , and rose petal s were used as Filler materials filler s in eye pillows to help comfort the sick and ease them to sleep. See also Sachet scented bag Sachet External links http www.uniqueprojects.com projects eyepillow eyepillow.htm How to Make an Eye Pillow Pillows product stub Category Pillows ... more details
Taxobox image Colchicum cilicicum003.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Colchicaceae genus Colchicum species C. cilicicum binomial Colchicum cilicicum binomial authority Boiss. Dammer Colchicum cilicium bears deep rose lilac flowers in late summer, with barely any tesselation . It has a very noticeable white stripe down the centre of each petal, which gives it a star like appearance at the base. The flowers tend to stand up to weather better than other colchicum blooms . This species is native to Turkey . ref Autumn Bulbs by Roy Leeds B.T. Batsford Ltd 2006 ISBN 0 713 489 626 ref References Reflist Category Colchicaceae botany stub ... more details
Italic title Taxobox regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Colchicaceae genus Colchicum species C. boissieri binomial Colchicum boissieri binomial authority Theodhoros Georgios Orphanides Orph. Colchicum boisseri is member of the flowering plant Family biology family Colchicaceae native to lands in eastern Mediterranean Sea , southern Greece and south western Turkey . The species is unique for its spreading, rhizomatous bulbs . It blooms well with 5cm 2 blooms in a bright cherry pink. The stamen s are yellow. The flowers have no tessellation s, only a white line down the centre of each petal. ref Autumn Bulbs by Roy Leeds B.T. Batsford Ltd 2006 ISBN 0 713 489 626 ref References Reflist Liliales stub Category Colchicaceae Botany stub ... more details
unreferenced date June 2011 Expand Italian date June 2011 Rosolio Rosolio is a type of Italy Italian liqueur derived from rose petal s, and which is often used as the basis for the preparation of other liquors of various flavors. The liqueur is prepared from alcohol, sugar, and water in the same proportion, to which is then added a rose essence. The liqueur is common in Southern Italy . It enjoys a special popularity in Sicily, where it has been prepared since the sixteenth century and was given to house guests as a sign of good luck . Concerti is a commercially produced brand of the liqueur from the Amalfi Coast . Category Italian liqueurs Italy cuisine stub Distilled beverage stub ca Licor de roses it Rosolio ... more details
lens with hood.jpg A conical petal lens hood used on the Canon EF 70 200mm lens . Note that from ... petal lens hood File Sonnenblende.jpg Praktica camera lens with a conical collapsable ... more details
, Author App ref Many of her works, including There a Petal Silently Falls 1988 , Gray Snowman 1991 ... 978 0 231 14296 0 there a petal silently falls ref Works There a Petal Silently Falls Three Stories by Ch oe Yun , Columbia University Press May 31, 2008 . ISBN 023114296X Including There a Petal Silently ... more details
Image Nipple shield on painted breast 2.jpg thumb right Woman with nipple shield and Body painting body paint on her breast A nipple shield is a piece of body jewellery jewelry worn on the nipple , partially or fully covering the areola . The shield encircles the nipple, ref name PierceGlossary cite web url http www.piercings.net body piercing modification glossary.html title Body Modification Glossary Project work the Moderators of the Piercings.Net Forums publisher Crazy Chameleon Body Piercing accessdate 2011 08 15 ref and can be stuck on by various means, including suction, friction and the action of glue, but is most often held in place by a nipple piercing . Usually, the primary intent of the nipple shield is to lift, highlight, and ornament the nipple, as well as the whole breast, much as other pieces of jewelry do for other parts of the body. A shield, particularly the type known as a breast petal , can also be worn to smooth the transition between nipple and breast, so as to disguise the protuberant feature and present a smoother clothed profile. As a breast petal covers the whole nipple and areola, it is, perhaps, better considered a type of pasties pasty , an item of clothing designed to do this. Image Nipple Shields Assorted small.jpg thumb Nipple jewelry including nipple shields A nipple shield was infamously shown on television in the United States , and around the world, as part of Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy Janet Jackson s wardrobe malfunction during the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show. ref name Tribune cite news url http articles.chicagotribune.com 2004 02 03 news 0402040063 1 sunburst tivo malfunction title Excuses provide no cover work Cox News Service publisher Chicago Tribune accessdate 2011 08 15 date 2004 02 03 ref See also Pasties Nipple shield breastfeeding Stimulation of nipples References Notes reflist spacing fashion stub Jewellery Body piercing Category Body piercing jewellery Category Breast de Nippleshield no Brystvo ... more details
addressed on this facility, in coordination with future installations such as PETAL ref http petal.aquitaine.fr PETAL ref and HiPER . ref http www.hiper laser.org HiPER ref References reflist fusion ... more details
taxobox image Lithophragma sp.jpg image caption Lithophragma sp. regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Core eudicots ordo Saxifragales familia Saxifragaceae genus Lithophragma genus authority Thomas Nuttall Nutt. John Torrey Torr. & Samuel Frederick Gray Gray subdivision ranks Species subdivision 12, see text Lithophragma is a genus of flowering plants containing about twelve species native to western North America. These plants are known generally as woodland stars . The petals of the flowers are usually bright white with deep, long lobes or teeth. Each petal may look like three to five petals, when at closer inspection the lobes fuse into a single petal at its base. Most species reproduce via bulblets instead of seeds. L. maximum is a federally listed endangered species. Species include Lithophragma affine San Francisco woodland star Lithophragma bolanderi Bolander s woodland star Lithophragma campanulatum Siskiyou Mountain woodland star Lithophragma cymbalaria mission woodland star Lithophragma glabrum bulbous woodland star Lithophragma heterophyllum hillside woodland star Lithophragma maximum San Clemente Island woodland star Lithophragma parviflorum smallflower woodland star Lithophragma tenellum slender woodland star External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?7088,7123 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol LITHO2 USDA Plants Profile Saxifragaceae stub Category Saxifragaceae es Lithophragma pt Lithophragma ... more details
Infobox prepared food name Gulkand image File Gulkand homemade.jpg 200px caption alternate name country India , Pakistan region creator course served main ingredient Rose petal s, variations calories other Gulkand , or Gulqand Urdu , Hindi , is a sweet preserve of rose petal s from Pakistan and North India . Gul means flower in both Persian language Persian and Urdu language Urdu whereas qand means sweet in Arabic language Arabic . Preparation File Rosepetals.jpg thumb right 300px Rose petals being prepared for gulkand Place the rose petals and sugar in layers in a wide mouthed airtight glass jar. Place this jar in sunlight for 6 hours per day for around 3 to 4 weeks. On alternate days, the contents of the jar should be stirred with a wooden stick. The jar should be kept indoors once done. Other ingredients, such as silver foil, Praval Pishti, cardamom seeds, or Muktapishti powdered pearl can be added to increase the cooling properties of the gulkand. Benefits and uses Gulqand is an Ayurvedic tonic. The National Institute of Ayurvedic Medicine provides a list of the benefits obtained from eating gulkand. ref http www.niam.com corp web Gulkandinfo.html Gulkand Nature s Coolant , published on http niam.com the website of the National Institute of Ayurvedic Medicine . Retrieved February 2, 2008. ref This includes reduction of Dosha Pitta pitta and heat in the body, a reduction in eye inflammation and redness, strengthening of the teeth and gums, and the treatment of acidity. A complete list of benefits is available http www.niam.com corp web Gulkandinfo.html on their website . Gulqand is commonly used as an ingredient of Paan , a popular dessert and digestive of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. References references Category Pakistani cuisine Category Indian cuisine Category Alternative medicine India food stub pakistan cuisine stub es Gulqand pt Gulkand ... more details
taxobox name Calochortus striatus image Calochortus striatus 1.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Liliaceae genus Calochortus species C. striatus binomial Calochortus striatus binomial authority Parish Calochortus striatus is a species of Calochortus mariposa lily known by the common name alkali mariposa lily . It is native to California and Nevada where it grows in the Mojave Desert . This plant erects a stem usually only a few centimeters tall but sometimes quite a bit taller, and a long basal leaf which may lie flat on the ground. At least halfway up the stem it may branch, and atop each branch is a bell shaped lily bloom. Pointed sepal s form the base of the flower and above are three rounded petal s, which may be slightly toothed. Each petal is two to three centimeters long and is very light to very dark pink or purplish with darker pink or purple veining or mottling. The cup of the flower is somewhat hairy. The stamen anthers are bright to dull pink, with pink pollen. The Capsule fruit capsule fruit is up to 5 centimeters long. This is a plant of alkali ne soils in the Deserts and xeric shrublands desert scrub . See also Fish Slough Area of Critical Environmental Concern habitat in Inyo County, California External links http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CAST2 USDA Plants Profile http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?8349,8461,8504 Jepson Manual Treatment http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Calochortus striatus Photo gallery Category Calochortus striatus Category Flora of the California desert regions Category Flora of Nevada Category North American desert flora Category Natural history of Inyo County, California liliales stub ... more details
, Petal the piglet, a puppy called Digger and Dash the donkey foal. In addition, there are many other ..., Gobo will be first in line to give it a go catchphrase is go go Gobo Petal the Piglet ... friends. Petal is adventurous and brave and usually the first to go and investigate something ... feels. Petal doesn t like to be thought of as girly so she s just as happy splashing in the mud and jumping ... eager to please and is never happier than when playing with his very best friends Petal, Gobo ... colspan 4 bgcolor DFEFFF 10.04.2009 bgcolor DFEEEF 05 Petal and Gobo Fall Out colspan 4 bgcolor ... bgcolor DFEEEF 10 Driving Miss Petal colspan 4 bgcolor DFEFFF 20.04.2009 bgcolor DFEEEF 11 Best ... more details
italictitle taxobox name Calochortus elegans image Calochortus elegans 5720.JPG image width 200px image caption Calochortus elegans in Wenatchee National Forest regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Liliaceae genus Calochortus species C. elegans binomial Calochortus elegans binomial authority Frederick Traugott Pursh Pursh Calochortus elegans is a species of flowering plant in the Liliaceae lily family known by the common name elegant Mariposa lily and cat s ear . It is native to the western United States from northern California to Montana . It is a Perennial plant perennial Herbaceous plant herb producing a slender, generally unbranched stem up to 15 centimeters in height. The basal leaf is 10 to 20 centimeters long and does not wither at flowering. The inflorescence bears 1 to 7 erect bell shaped flowers. Each flower has three sepal s and three petal s with very hairy inner surfaces and edges. Each petal is greenish white in color with a purple crescent above a hairless patch at the base. The fruit is a winged Capsule fruit capsule about 2 centimeters long. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?8349,8461,8477 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CAEL USDA Plants Profile http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 220002168 Flora of North America http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Calochortus elegans Photo gallery Liliales stub Category Calochortus elegans ... more details
taxobox image Calochortus pulchellus.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Liliaceae genus Calochortus species C. pulchellus binomial Calochortus pulchellus binomial authority David Douglas Dougl. ex George Bentham Benth. Calochortus pulchellus is a rare species of flowering plant in the Liliaceae lily family known by the common name Mt. Diablo fairy lantern . It is Endemism endemic to California , where it is mainly restricted to Mount Diablo in Contra Costa County, California Contra Costa County . There are historical occurrences in surrounding counties. It grows in chaparral and woodland of the bayside slopes. This is a Perennial plant perennial Herbaceous plant herb growing a branching stem up to about 30 centimeters tall. The basal leaf is up to 40 centimeters long and does not wither at flowering there are 2 or 3 smaller leaves farther up the stem. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or a cluster of several flowers, which are nodding and usually spherical with all their petal tips touching. The three sepal s and three petal s are 2 or 3 centimeters long and pale to deep yellow. The petals are thinly hairy inside and often fringed with yellow hairs. The fruit is a winged Capsule fruit capsule 2 or 3 centimeters in length. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?8349,8461,8500 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CAPU2 USDA Plants Profile http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 242101491 Flora of North America http www.co.contra costa.ca.us depart cd water HCP archive hcp nccp content hcp nccp app figs App 20D 20components APP D 22a Mount Diablo fairy lantern 1 18 05.pdf Contra Costa County Report http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Calochortus pulchellus Photo gallery Liliales stub Category Calochortus pulchellus Category Flora of California chaparral and woodlands Category Endemic flora o ... more details
taxobox image Calochortus vestae.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Monocots ordo Liliales familia Liliaceae genus Calochortus species C. vestae binomial Calochortus vestae binomial authority Purdy Calochortus vestae is a species of flowering plant in the Liliaceae lily family known by the common name coast range mariposa lily . It is Endemism endemic to the forests of the California Coast Ranges North Coast Ranges of California , where it generally grows in clay soils. Description It is a Perennial plant perennial Herbaceous plant herb producing a branching stem between 30 and 50 centimeters tall. The basal leaf is 10 to 20 centimeters long and withers by flowering. The inflorescence is a loose cluster of 1 to 6 erect, bell shaped flowers. Each flower has three petals up to about 4 centimeters long and three sepal s 2 to 3 centimeters long beneath. The petal s are white to purplish in color with a central area of pale yellow with a darker reddish or brownish blotch within. At the base of each petal is a red streaked patch of hairs. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?8349,8461,8511 Jepson Manual Treatment Calochortus vestae http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CAVE4 USDA Plants Profile Calochortus vestae http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 242101504 Flora of North America http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Calochortus vestae Calochortus vestae Photo gallery Category Calochortus vestae Category Endemic flora of California Category Flora of California chaparral and woodlands Category Natural history of the California Coast Ranges Liliales stub de Vesta Mormonentulpe ... more details
italic title taxobox name Caulanthus amplexicaulis image Caulanthus amplexicaulis.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Brassicales familia Brassicaceae genus Caulanthus species C. amplexicaulis binomial Caulanthus amplexicaulis binomial authority Sereno Watson S.Wats. Caulanthus amplexicaulis is a species of flowering plant in the Brassicaceae mustard family known by the common name claspingleaf wild cabbage . It is Endemism endemic to California , where it grows on open slopes in the Transverse Ranges and southern California Coast Ranges Central Coast Ranges . This annual herb produces a slender erect stem with flat, oval leaves clasping it toward the base. The bulbous purple flower forms a rounded pouch which opens at the top, the narrow petal tips reflexed back. The outer petal tips are deep purple, the inner much lighter to nearly white. The fruit is a very long silique which may exceed 10 centimeters in length. There are two varieties of this species. One variety, var. barbarae , the Santa Barbara jewelflower , is endemic to the serpentine soil s of the San Rafael Mountains in central Santa Barbara County, California Santa Barbara County . The sepal s forming the rounded pouch of the flower are white to cream in color as opposed to the bright purple of the more common variety. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?2240,2371,2372 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol CAAM11 USDA Plants Profile http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Caulanthus amplexicaulis Photo gallery Category Brassicaceae Category Flora of California Brassicales stub ... more details
File Aestivation.png thumb A diagram showing some kinds of tepal aestivation in flower buds. A imbricate B,C cochleate D contorted E valvate F open. File Phlox aestivation.jpg thumb right Petals of Phlox develop with contorted aestivation Aestivation or estivation , refers to the positional arrangement of the parts of a flower within a flower bud before it has opened. Aestivation is also sometimes referred to as praefoliation or prefoliation , but these terms may also mean vernation the arrangement of leaves within a vegetative bud. Aestivation can be an important taxonomic diagnostic for example Malvaceae flower buds have valvate sepals, with the exception of the genera Fremontodendron and Chiranthodendron , which have sometimes been misplaced as a result. The terms used to describe aestivation are the same as those used to describe leaf vernation. ref cite book author Hickey, M. King, C. date 2001 title The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms. publisher Cambridge University Press, location Cambridge ref Classes of aestivation include cochleate contorted or twisted every petal or sepal is outside its neighbour on one margin, and inside its neighbour on the other margin contortiplicate crumpled decussate imbricate where one petal or sepal is outside all others, one is inside all others, and the others are outside on one margin and inside on the other induplicate open petals or sepals do not overlap or even touch each other quincuncial reduplicate valvate petals or sepals touch without overlapping References reflist Category Flowers Category Plant morphology botany stub de Knospendeckung io Prefoliaciono ... more details
Connation in plant s is the developmental fusion of organs of the same type, for example, petal s to one another to form a tubular corolla flower corolla . ref cite book title A Dictionary of Botany page 91 editor1 last Little editor1 first R. John editor2 last Jones editor2 first C. Eugene publisher Van Nostrand Reinhold Company location New York year 1980 ISBN 0442241690 ref ref name Jackson cite book page 89 title A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent last Jackson first Benjamin Daydon edition fourth publisher Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd. location London year 1928 url http www.archive.org details glossaryofbotani1928jack ref This is in contrast to adnation , the fusion of dissimilar organs. Image Flower large stamen.jpg thumb right alt flower in the center of which is a projecting tube formed of the fused filaments of the stamens the free anthers form a spreading cluster at its tip The stamens of this Hibiscus are synfilamentous Terms for connation of flower parts Synsepalous All the sepal s of a flower are fused into a cup or tube, the fused portion is the calyx tube and any non fused tips are the calyx lobes . Sympetalous All the petal s of a flower are fused into a cup, tube, or other shape. Stamen s Synandrous Stamens are fused in an unspecified manner Synfilamentous Stamens are fused by their filaments Synantherous Stamens are fused by their anther s Syncarpous Gynoecium Carpel s are fused together to form a compound Gynoecium ovary The corresponding terms for parts that are free not connate begin with the prefix apo . An apopetalous corolla has free, unfused petals. References reflist Category Plant anatomy botany stub ... more details
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