- Phoenicianism
Multiple issues cleanup October 2007 refimprove November 2007 original research August 2007 Phoenicianism is a form of Lebanon Lebanese nationalism, especially popular from the 1920s through the 1950s. It promotes the theory that Lebanese people are not Arabic people Arabs and that the Lebanese speak a distinct language and have their own culture, separate from that of the surrounding Middle Eastern countries. Supporters of this theory of Lebanese ethnogenesis maintain that the Lebanese are descended from Phoenicia ns and are not Arab. Some also maintain that Lebanese Arabic is not an Arabic dialect , but has become a distinctly separate language. Lebanese context Professional historians have a consensus summed up by Lebanon s most prominent historian, Kamal Salibi between ancient Phoenicia and the Lebanon of medieval and modern times, there is no demonstrable historical connection . ref Salibi, Salibi, A House of Many Mansions The History of Lebanon Reconsidered , 1988 177 Salibi is equally critical of an Arabian cultural origin. ref Phoenicianism embraces Phoenicia as an alternative cultural foundation by overlooking 850 years of Arabisation. The earliest sense of a modern Lebanese identity is to be found in the writings of historians in the early nineteenth century, when, under the emirate of the History of Lebanon The Shihabs, 1697 1842 Shihabs , a Lebanese identity emerged, separate and distinct from the rest of Syria , bringing the Maronite s and Druze s, along with its ... imperialist ambitions, intent on subverting pan Arabism . ref Salibi 1971 84. ref Criticism of Phoenicianism Critics believe that Phoenicianism is an origin myth that disregards the Arab cultural and linguistic influence on the Lebanese. They ascribe Phoenicianism to sectarian influences on Lebanese ... , Kurdish nationalism , Pharaonism , Phoenicianism. ref lang nl Leonard C. Biegel, Minderheden in Het ... div col end Notes reflist 2 Further reading Kaufman, Asher, Phoenicianism The Formation of an Identity ... more details
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- Syriac nationalism
There two main competing flavours of Syriac Assyrian people Assyrian nationalism Assyrianism Aramaeanism See also Assyrian naming dispute Phoenicianism disambig de Assyrische Nationalbewegung ... more details
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- Lebanese nationalism
Lebanese nationalism is a nationalistic ideology that considers the Lebanese people , particularly Maronites , distinguished nation independent from the Arab nation. It considers Lebanese sometimes a Phoenicia n and sometimes a Syriacs Syriac people. This ideology has its roots in the 19th century sectarian wars in Mount Lebanon between the Maronites and Druze . It took its formalized form during the inter war period and the French Mandate of Syria , when it served primarily as a tool in opposing Arab nationalism and in justifying the existence of the nascent country of Lebanon . During the 20th century and the Lebanese Civil War , Lebanese nationalism was associated with the Kataeb Party and the secularist movement Guardians of the Cedars . References http www.lcps lebanon.org pub breview br6 salembr6pt1.html Salem, Paul Notes on the Question of Lebanese Nationalism See also Phoenicianism Syrian nationalism Ethnic nationalism DEFAULTSORT Lebanese Nationalism Category Lebanese culture Category Nationalism by country or region ar ... more details
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- Phoenicia (disambiguation)
Phoenicia was an ancient civilization centered in the north of Canaan in parts of present day Lebanon, Syria and Israel. Phoenicia or Phoenician may also refer to Phoenician language , a language spoken in ancient Phoenicia Phoenician alphabet , the alphabet of the Phoenician language Phoeniciology , the archaeological study of ancient Phoenicia Phoenicianism , a form of Lebanese nationalism that promotes the concept that Lebanese people descend from Phoenician and not Arab roots The adjectival form for any of the possible meanings of Phoenix , especially as a demonym see Phoenix disambiguation Lebanon , a Western Asian country and home to ancient Phoenicia Beirut Phoenicians Rugby Club , a rugby union club in Lebanon Phoenicia weekly Phoenicia weekly , a Montreal based Lebanese pan Arab weekly publication Phoenicia Hotel , officially InterContinental Phoenicia Beirut Hotel, a 5 star hotel located in Beirut Places Finike , a Turkish district historically named Phoenicus Phoenicia, New York , a New York village Phoenicia Railroad Station , a train station in Phoenicia, New York See also List of Phoenician cities Phoenecia , originally known as Soul Oddity, a music duo with own releases. They also formed Schematic Records Phoenice , a Greek city in what is now Albania disambig id Fenisia jv Fenisia ... more details
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- Charles Corm
Infobox writer name Charles Corm image imagesize caption alt pseudonym birth date Birth date mf yes 1894 3 4 birth place Beirut, Lebanon death date 1963 death place Beirut, Lebanon occupation Poet and writer nationality ethnicity education alma mater period genre movement Phoenicianism notableworks spouse children influences influenced awards signature website Charles Corm 4 March 1894 1963 was a Lebanon Lebanese poet and writer, instrumental in the phoenicianism movement in Lebanon, resulting in a surge of nationalism. Although most Lebanese authors at the time wrote in Arabic, Corm opted to write in French language French instead. One of Corm s most significant contributions is the La Revue Phenicienne, which inspired political independence in Lebanon at the time. He is considered one of the most influential modern Lebanese poets, due to his advocacy for Lebanese identity and nationalism. ref cite book last Corm first Charles title La Revue Phenicienne year 1919 isbn 2842890027 pages 288 ref Personal life Corm was born in 1894 in Beirut , Lebanon , the son of Lebanese artist Daoud Corm. ref cite web title Charles Corm url http www.onefineart.com en artists charles corm index francais.shtml work Review Phoenician publisher One Fine Art accessdate 2 July 2011 ref In 1919, Corm founded The Phoenician Journal, the first publication in Lebanon written in French at the time. In 1963, Corm died in Beruit. ref cite web title Charles Corm Biography url http www.onefineart.com en artists charles corm index.shtml publisher One Fine Art accessdate 2 July 2011 ref Works Expand section date July 2011 References Reflist Use dmy dates date July 2011 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Corm, Charles ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 4 March 1894 PLACE OF BIRTH Beirut, Lebanon DATE OF DEATH 1963 PLACE OF DEATH Beirut, Lebanon DEFAULTSORT Corm, Charles Category 1894 births Category 1963 deaths Category 20th century novelists Category 20th century poet ... more details
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- Maronite League
of the Credit Libanais Bank. See also Al Tanzim Lebanese Front Lebanese Forces Lebanese civil war Phoenicianism ... more details
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- Mardaites
Brigade during the Lebanese Civil War , derive from the same attempt as those of Phoenicianism Phoenicianists ... more details
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- Maronites
title St. George Maronite Church publisher Stgeorgesa.org date accessdate 2009 03 31 ref Phoenicianism main Phoenicianism Phoenicianism never developed into an integrated ideology led by key thinkers ... in their promotion of Phoenicianism. ref cite book url http books.google.co.uk books?id 0d1SnaKLQ9QC ... , politically Phoenicianism as an alternate to Arabism is restricted to small group. ref cite book ... more details
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- Shu'ubiyya
, Assyrianism , Kurdish nationalism , Pharaonism , Phoenicianism , Syrian nationalism . ref lang ... more details
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- Said Akl
Lebanese alphabet In 1981 he also published poems in French language See also Phoenicianism Guardians ... more details
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- Al-Tanzim
, they were a predominately Maronite and Phoenicianism Phoenicianist oriented organization, being ... district. The Tanzim Party is no longer active. See also Army of Free Lebanon Phoenicianism Bachir ... more details
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- Lebanese people
. Identity Main Lebanese nationalism Phoenicianism Pan Arabism History of Lebanon Cultural and linguistic ..., if not for the population as a whole and for generations up until the rise of modern Phoenicianism ... history were in fact Christians. The Arabists point of contention is that Phoenicianists and Phoenicianism ... more details
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- Pharaonism
, pp. 47, 136. ref See also Egyptian nationalism Ethnic identity National myth Pan Arabism Phoenicianism ... more details
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- Culture of Lebanon
, Lebanese writer Michel Chiha expanded on this myth of Phoenicianism . However, there are rarely ... more details
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- Syriac Christianity
in Lebanon are divided between those who claim Phoenician see Phoenicianism or Syrian national ... more details
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- Najjadeh Party
, France , which deeply contrasted with the Kataeb Party Phalange s own Phoenicianism Phoenicist ... more details
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- Ethnogenesis
Phoenicianism and claims to the antiquity of the variously called Assyrian Chaldean Syriac people ... more details
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- Canaanism
Phoenicianism div col end Citations reflist References Kuzar, Ron. Hebrew and Zionism A Discourse ... more details
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- William Hawi
tribunal, and the on going protests in down town Beirut. See also Phoenicianism Lebanese Front Lebanese ... more details
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- Arab Christians
Phoenicianism , never developed into an integrated ideology led by key thinkers, but there are a few ... of Phoenicianism. ref cite book url http books.google.co.uk books?id 0d1SnaKLQ9QC&pg PA36&lpg PA36 ... Phoenicianism, as an alternate to Arabism, has been restricted to a small group. ref cite book url ... more details
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- Guardians of the Cedars
of Lebanon 2003 , p. 45. ref Ideological beliefs main Phoenicianism The Lebanese Renewal Party ... more details
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- Names of Syriac Christians
living without their own state. cn date December 2011 Phoenician identity main Phoenicianism Many ... see Phoenicianism . They point out that they are of pre Arab and pre Islamic origin, and as such are at least ... more details
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- Kataeb Party
Hawi Phoenicianism Lebanese Civil War Lebanese Front Lebanese Forces Kataeb Regulatory Forces Notes ... more details
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- British Israelism
of Phoenicianism or Orientalism that developed from the 18th century. ref Irish Orientalism A Literary ... . In Ireland there also developed a popular school of Phoenicianism in which some historians, such as Joaqu n ... more details
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- Archaeogenetics of the Near East
BBC date 2010 11 10 ref Levant see Phoenicia Phoenicianism Canaanites Samaritans Zalloua and Wells 2004 ... more details
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