Coin copper color qirsh piastre 21 mm 4 g Copper plated steel rowspan 2 Plain rowspan ... copper color 1 qirsh piastre 25 mm 5.5 g Bronze plated steel Lattice design Eastern Arabic numerals ... Reference Coin copper color 1 qirsh piastre 25 mm 5.5 g Copper plated steel Plain Abdullah ... more details
Madagascar & Dependencies Moldavia Dates 1858 1862 Capital Ia i Currency 40 parale 1 piastre Refer ... Bucharest Currency 40 parale 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ra Rz Romania Romania ... 1919 100 Cent currency cent s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ce Ch China Indochinese ... 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ra Rz Russian Post Offices ... 1909 1914 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... more details
40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Io Iz Italian Post ... Dates 1909 1910 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... Malaysia Jordan Dates 1920 Capital Amman Currency 1920 1000 Egyptian pound milliemes 100 piastre s 1 ... more details
ng n before location French Indochina currency French Indochinese piastre reason independence ratio at par note piastre not used in self declared North Vietnam since 1946 n currency location South Vietnam start 1953 end 1975 note transitional notes dual denominated in piastre and ng were ... more details
States Kavalla French Post Office Dates 1893 1914 Currency 25 centime s 1 piastre Refer Compendium ... currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ra Rz Russian Post Offices in the Turkish ... para s 1 piastre 1906 100 centesimo centesimi 1 lira Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... more details
Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ba ... s 1 piastre 1888 1000 millieme s 100 piastre s 1 Egyptian pound pound Main Article Postage stamps ... 100 piastre s 1 Egyptian pound pound Main Article See also Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... 1921 1000 millieme s 100 piastre s 1 Egyptian pound pound Main Article French post offices in Egypt ... guerche 1 thaler 1908 16 piastre s 1 thaler 1928 16 mehaleks 1 thaler 1936 100 cetimes 1 thaler 1936 ... more details
of 1954. The currency used within the French Union was the French Indochinese piastre . Notes were ... piastre Vietnamese National Army Colonization of Cochinchina succession office State of Vietnam years ... more details
South Bulgaria Dates 1885 only Capital Plovdiv Philippopolis Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre ... Saigon Currency 100 Cent currency cent s 1 piastre Main Article Needed See also Compendium of postage ... more details
100 piastre s 1 Sudanese pound pound Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Sudan Sudetenland ... 100 centime s 1 piastre Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Syria See also Compendium ... 1919 40 Para currency para s 10 Syrian pound milliemes 1 piastre 1920 100 centime s 1 piastre Refer ... more details
. This consisted of one stamp with an overprint of 1 Piastre , the stamp used being the twopence .... Dates 1906 only Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... French stamp overprinted by 1 Piastre Beyrouth . Dates 1905 only Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Fa Fz French Post Offices in the Turkish .... Dates 1879 1910 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... more details
Ecuadorian centavo coins Centavo None flag Egypt Egyptian pound or . EGP Piastre Ref label piaster ... pound None Penny 100 flag Jordan Jordanian dinar . JOD Piastre Ref label fils H H 100 flag Kazakhstan ... pound . LBP Piastre 100 rowspan 2 flag Lesotho Lesotho loti L LSL Lesotho loti Sente 100 South African ... Agora 100 Jordanian dinar . JOD Piastre Ref label fils H H 100 rowspan 2 flag Panama Panamanian ... Piastre 100 flag Sri Lanka Sri Lankan rupee Rs LKR Cent currency Cent 100 flag Sudan Sudanese pound SDG Piastre 100 flag Suriname Surinamese dollar SRD Cent currency Cent 100 flag Swaziland Swazi lilangeni ... franc Fr CHF Rappen Ref label centime K K 100 flag Syria Syrian pound or . SYP Piastre 100 flag Taiwan ... F F One piastre equals ten Egyptian pound millime s. note label sen G G One Japanese yen sen equals ten Japanese yen rin . note label fils H H One piastre equals ten Fils currency fils and one dirham ... more details
The coins of the Cypriot pound are part of the physical form of current Cypriot currency, the Cypriot pound . They have been issued since coming under British Empire British rule in 1878, until Cyprus adoption of euro in 2008. Predecimal series Before 1955, 1 pound was divided into 20 shillings , ilin , and each shilling was divided into 9 piastres , kuru . Coins of Queen Victoria 1879&ndash 1901 Victoria of the United Kingdom Queen Victoria Coins of King Edward VII 1902&ndash 08 Edward VII of the United Kingdom King Edward VII Coins of King George V George V of the United Kingdom King George V Coins of King George VI as King and Emperor 1938&ndash 47 George VI of the United Kingdom King George VI Coins of King George VI as King only 1949 Decimal mils In 1955, Cyprus decimalized with 1000 mill currency mils , mil to the pound. Coins of Queen Elizabeth II 1955&ndash 57 In 1955, the coins of the George VI of the United Kingdom King George VI issues were withdrawn from circulation. These were replaced by coins with Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II , denominated in mils. The coins that were issued are the following 3 mils, 5 mils also issued in 1956 , 25 mils, 50 mils, and 100 mils also issued in 1957 . The 50 mil coin became known as a shilling , because it was the same size as the 1 shilling and 9 piastre coins. The 100 mil coin became known as 2 shillings , because it was the same size as the 2 shilling and 18 piastre coins. The 5 mil coin and 100 mil coin of 1956 are very sought after by collectors of Commonwealth coins. The 100 mils is very rare. Coins of the Republic of Cyprus 1963&ndash 82 In 1960, when Cyprus became independent under the terms of the 1959 Independence Agreement, the Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II coinage was allowed to stay in circulation. In 1963, the Republic of Cyprus began to issue its first coins. These were struck at the Royal Mint in London . The coins in the 1 ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Infobox former country native name Union fran aise conventional long name French Union common name French Union continent Afroeurasia era Cold War status State union status text empire year start 1946 year end 1958 event start French Fourth Republic Fourth Republic date start October 27 event end French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic date end October 5 p1 Provisional Government of the French Republic flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 French Community flag s1 Flag of France.svg s2 Kingdom of Laos flag s2 Flag of Laos 1952 1975 .svg s3 State of Vietnam flag s3 Flag of South Vietnam.svg s4 North Vietnam flag s4 Flag of North Vietnam 1945 1955.svg s5 Kingdom of Cambodia 1953 1970 Kingdom of Cambodia flag s5 Flag of Cambodia.svg s6 Morocco flag s6 Flag of Morocco.svg s7 Tunisia flag s7 Pre 1999 Flag of Tunisia.svg s8 French Guinea flag s8 Flag of France.svg image flag Flag of France.svg flag Flag of France image coat Armoiries r publique fran aise.svg symbol Coat of arms of France image map Empire colonial fran ais 1920 .png image map caption Territories of the French Union capital Paris national motto Libert , galit , fraternit br Lang fr Liberty, equality, brotherhood national anthem La Marseillaise common languages French language French currency French franc br CFA franc br CFP franc br French Indochinese piastre The French Union Lang fr Union fran aise was a political entity created by the French Fourth Republic to replace the old French colonial system, the French colonial empire French Empire Empire Fran ais and to abolish its indigenous Indig nat indig ne status. History Established by the French constitution of October 27, 1946 Fourth Republic , it lasted until 1958, when it was replaced by the French Community by Charles de Gaulle s French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic . French Commonwealth The French Union was modelled on the British Commonwealth . The French Union included France , French D partement d outre mer overseas d partement ... more details
The French post offices in the Ottoman Empire were post office s in various cities of the Ottoman Empire run by France between 1812 and 1923. France was one of nine countries that had negotiated Capitulations with the Ottomans, various extraterritorial rights in exchange for trade opportunities. In the case of mail , the countries purpose was to facilitate communication between business interests at home and agents throughout the Middle East . The system came to end with the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1885 1pi.jpg right 120px thumb 1 piaster overprint on 25 centime Type Sage , used at Beirut in December 1885 Originally, the post office used postage stamp s of France, but these were denominated in centimes and franc s instead of the local piaster s, so beginning in 1885, some French stamps were Overprint surcharge d in piasters, at a rate of four piasters to the franc. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1903 30c.jpg right 120px thumb 30c, 1902 Beginning in 1902, the Luc Olivier Merson Merson series was issued with the inscription LEVANT , both as centime franc, and with higher values surcharged in piasters. In 1905, 15c stamps in Beirut were surcharged with 1 Piastre Beyrouth . Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1923 3pi30pa.jpg right 120px thumb 3 piaster 30 para overprint on French 25c World War I forced the closure of all the post offices on 13 October 1914. After the war, only the office in Istanbul reopened, operating from August 1921 to July 1923. Stamps of France were again surcharged, with values from 30 para currency para s to 75 piasters. Four post offices also issued their own stamps between 1893 and 1903 Cavalle present day Kavala , Dedeagh Dedeagatch , present day Alexandroupoli , Port Lagos , and Vathy, Samos Vathy Samos Island Samos . Image Stamp French PO Cavalle 4pi.jpg right 200px thumb Cavalle 4pi Post offices Alexandretta Beirut Iraklion Candia nowadays Iraklion Chania Canea nowadays Chania Castellorizo Cavalle Constantinople ... more details
Dates 1908 1923 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... Office Dates 1896 1919 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp ... s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ra Rz Russian Post Offices in the Turkish Empire ... more details
Penh Currency 1951 100 Cent currency cents 1 piastre 1955 100 Cent currency cents 1 riel Main Article ... when part of French Indochina . Dates 1936 Currency 100 Cent currency cents 1 piastre Refer Compendium ... Cent currency cents 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp issuers Ce Ch China Indochinese Post ... s 1 franc used concurrently with Turkish 40 Para currency paras 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage ... more details
Office Dates 1909 1910 Currency 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Refer Compendium of postage stamp ... 40 parale 1 piastre 1867 100 bani 1 leu Includes Compendium of postage stamp issuers Me Mz Moldavia ... in the Turkish Empire Dates 1896 1919 Currency 1896 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre 1919 100 bani ... 1900 40 Para currency para s 1 piastre Main Article Needed Includes Compendium of postage stamp issuers ... more details
Image PrivyMark.jpg thumb Mint mark and privy marks on Cochinchina Piastre French Cochinchina 20 Cents 1879 , Paris Mint Image Muntteken muntmeesterteken.png thumb Privy mark left and mint mark on a Dutch coin. The mint mark is that of the mint of Utrecht. Since 1830 with an interruption in 1941 1945 this mark is pressed on all Dutch coins. A mint mark is an inscription on a coin indicating the mint coin mint where the coin was produced. History Mint marks were first developed to locate a problem. If a coin was underweight, or overweight, the mint mark would immediately tell where the coin was minted, and the problem could be located and fixed. Another problem which could occur would be a dishonest mint official debasement debasing the coin, or putting less precious metal in the coin than specified. The first mint marks, called Magistrate Marks were developed by the Ancient Greece Greeks , and named the Magistrate in charge of producing that coin. Debasing a coin, or otherwise tampering with it, was a very serious crime, often punishable by death in many civilizations. For example, in 1649, the directors of the Spain Spanish colonial American Mint at Potos Potosi , in what is today Bolivia , were condemned to death for seriously debasing the coinage. The initials of the assayer as well as the mint mark were immediate identifiers when the coins were inspected. Mint marks in Numismatics In the 19th century, numismatists coin collecters did not generally collect coins according to mint mark rather, they attempted to obtain date sets of coins. A turnaround began after 1893, when A. G. Heaton s A Treatise on Coinage of the United States Branch Mints was published. Heaton cited example after example of mint marked coins that were much scarcer than Philadelphia products and that should bring high premiums. When the United States abandoned silver coinage in 1964, mint marks were removed from the new copper nickel coins in the belief that it would reduce the removal of coins ... more details
Infobox River river name Reno image name LocationRenoRiver.png caption The Reno river origin Tuscan Apennines , Italy mouth Adriatic Sea basin countries Italy length 211.8 km elevation discharge 95 m s watershed 5,040 km The Reno IPA it r no is a river of Emilia Romagna , northern Italy . It is the tenth longest river in Italy the sixth longest of those that flow directly into the sea and the most important of the region apart from the Po River Po . The name of the river has the same etymology as the German Rhine Rhein Rhine River ref In Italian language Italian both rivers are called Reno , and in Latin both ones were called Rhenus . ref , as both derive from a Celtic language Celtic word meaning flowing of water itself a cognate of Greek rhoia which means to flow . It has a drainage basin of c. 5,000 km ref Reno Basin Authority ref . The annual average discharge at the mouth is c. 95 m s at the point the river start to flow in the Pianura Padana Po River Plain , it amounts to c. 25 m s. The highest values registered at the mouth have approached 2,300 m s, but the typical value when the river is in flood is around 1,000 m s. The minimal discharge reported is 0.6 m s. Image Fiume Reno BO.jpg thumb 220px left The river near Sasso Marconi , at the beginning of its course in the Pianura Padana. The river rises in the Le Lari massif of the province of Pistoia Tuscany at c. 745 m over the sea level, from two streams that join near Le Piastre, in the comune of Pistoia . Its upper course marks the border between Tuscany and Emilia Romagna and flows in a wooded area crossed by the Bologna Porretta Pistoia railway line inaugurated in 1864 and one of the most outstanding for the time as for engineering effort . The upper course is characterized by several artificial reservoirs whose dams are used for hydropower hydro electric energy production. The power produced in the basin of the Reno basin is second, for Apennine rivers, only to that o ... more details
File Sudan Camel.jpg thumb The Desert Postman stamp as a 1927 colour trial File Sudan stamp jubilee 1948 2p.jpg right thumb A corner block of four of the 1948 stamps to celebrate the Sudan Stamp Jubilee The first post offices to be opened in Sudan were in 1867 at Suakin and Wadi Halfa in 1873 at Dongala, Berber, Sudan Berber and Khartoum and in 1877 at Sennar , Karkouk, Fazoglu, Elkedaref, El Obeid, Al Fasher and Fashoda now Kodok . ref Gisburn, Harold G. D. & Thompson, G. Seymour, Stamps and Posts of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan , Stanley Gibbons, 1947, p. 18 ref The Muhammad Ahmad Mahdist revolt , which began in 1881, resulted in all Egyptian post offices being closed by 1884. It culminated in the fall of Khartoum and the death of the British governor Charles George Gordon General Gordon Gordon of Khartoum in 1885. The Egyptians and British withdrew their forces from Sudan and the country was left with no postal service until the reconquest of Sudan began in 1896. When the campaign started in March 1896, postal service was made available to the troops but no stamps were used. ref http www.stampnotes.com Notes from the Past pastnote406.htm Sudan s First Stamps ref First stamps used Until the issue of Sudan stamps in 1897 the available stamps were Egyptian stamps. The amount of mail was small and only a few stamps were used. Between March and July 1885 2 d and 5d British postage stamps were used in Suakin. Indian stamps are also known to have been used in the same area, postmarked Sawakin or Souakin, between 1884 and 1899. ref Stamps and Posts of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan, p.19 20 ref The provisional stamps of 1897 On 1 March 1897, contemporary Egyptian postage stamps, overprinted small SOUDAN small in French and Arabic, were made available in the post offices. Value which appeared were 1, 2, 3 and 5 millieme and 1, 2, 5 and 10 piastre. The overprinting was done at the Imprimerie Nationale, Boulaq, Cario, Egypt. ref Stamps and Posts of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan, p.37 ref ... more details
unreferenced date April 2012 Infobox Currency currency name in local image 1 36 1336 01 500K kost au.jpg image title 1 5 lira 500 kuru coin using countries flag Ottoman Empire unofficial users flag Turkey until the Turkish Lira started circulating subunit ratio 1 1 5 subunit name 1 mecidiye or mecidiye medjidiye subunit ratio 2 1 100 subunit name 2 kuru subunit ratio 3 1 4000 subunit name 3 para symbol used coins 1, 5, 10, 20, 40 para, 2, 5, 10, 20 kuru , , , 1, 2 , 5 lira used banknotes 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 50 kuru , 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1000 lira issuing authority Ottoman Bank obsolete notice Y The Ottoman lira was the currency of Ottoman Empire between 1844 Citation needed date April 2011 and 29 October 1923 Citation needed date April 2011 . It replaced the kuru as the principal unit of currency, with the kuru continuing to circulate as a subdivision of the lira, with 100 kuru 1 lira. The para also continued to be used, with 40 para 1 kuru . Until the 1930s, the Arabic script was used on Turkish coins and banknotes, with for para, for kuru and for lira for Turkish lira . In European languages, the kuru was known as the piastre, whilst the lira was known as the livre in French. Between 1844 and 1881, the lira was on a bimetallic standard, with 1 lira 6.61519 grams pure gold 99.8292 grams pure silver. In 1881, the gold standard was adopted and continued until 1914. World War I saw Turkey effectively depart from the gold standard with the gold lira being worth about nine lira in paper money by the early 1920s. Between 1844 and 1855, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 para, , 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 kuru , , , 1, 2 and 5 lira. The para denominations were struck in copper, the kuru in silver and the lira in gold. The 1 para was discontinued in 1859, with the higher copper denominations ceasing production between 1863 and 1879. In 1899, billon 5 and 10 para were introduced, followed by nickel 5 ... more details
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