Notability date January 2011 Pinningforce is a force acting on a pinned object from a pinning center . In solid state physics, this most often refers to the vortex pinning, the pinning of the magnetic vortices magnetic flux quanta , Abrikosov vortices by different kinds of the defects in a type II superconductor . Important quantities are the individual maximal pinningforce, which defines the depinning of a single vortex, and an average pinningforce, which defines the depinning of the correlated vortex structures and can be associated with the critical current density the maximal density of non dissipative current . The interaction of the correlated vortex lattice with system of pinning centers forms the magnetic phase diagram of the vortex matter in superconductors. This phase diagram is especially rich for high temperature superconductors HTSC where the thermo activation processes are essential. See Also Flux pinning DEFAULTSORT PinningForce Category Superconductivity Category Magnetism ko ... more details
Pinning may refer to Pinning, the effect of certain weapons that cause their targets to be pinned down Pinning ceremony , a symbolic welcoming of newly graduated nurses into the nursing profession Pinningforce , a force acting on a pinned object from a pinning center Pinning modelling , the use of pins to strengthen the joins when assembling large or heavy model kits Pinning points , points in a crystalline material that act to halt a dislocation s movement Grappling hold Pinning hold , a hold used to control an opponent in grappling Flux pinning , a phenomenon that magnetic flux lines do not move despite the Lorentz force acting on them inside a current carrying Type II superconductor Percutaneous pinning , a technique used by orthopedic surgeons for the stabilisation of unstable fractures Tree pinning , inserting spikes into trees in order to cause damage to sawmill equipment Zener pinning , the influence of a dispersion of fine particles on the movement of low and high angle grain boundaries through a polycrystalline material See also Pin disambiguation Panning disambig fy Pinning ... more details
the motion of such boundaries by exerting a pinning pressure which counteracts the driving force pushing the boundaries. Zener pinning is very important in materials processing as it has a strong ... and grain growth . Origin of the pinningforce A boundary is an imperfection in the crystal structure ... r . The pinningforce acts along the line of contact between the boundary and the particle i.e. a circle of diameter AB 2 r cos . The force per unit length of boundary in contact is sin . Hence the total force acting on the particle boundary interface is math F 2 pi r gamma cos theta sin theta. , math The maximum restraining force occurs when 45 and so F sub max sub r . In order to determine the pinningforce by a given dispersion of particles, Clarence Zener made several important assumptions ... interaction. Each particle exerts the maximum pinningforce on the boundary regardless of contact position ... pi r 2 . , math Given the assumption that all particles apply the maximum pinningforce, F sub max sub , the total pinning pressure exerted by the particle distribution per unit area of the boundary is math P s N interact F max frac 3 F v gamma 2r . , math This is referred to as the Zener pinning pressure. It follows that large pinning pressures are produced by Increasing the volume fraction of particles Reducing the particle size The Zener pinning pressure is orientation dependent, which means that the exact pinning pressure depends on the amount of coherence at the grain boundaries. ref boundary Computer Simulation Particle pinning has been studied extensively with computer simulations. Monte ... better approximation for the pinningforce. image particle interface interaction.gif right thumb Interaction of a particle and an interface modelled with phase field. image Zener Pinning Interface ...Zener pinning is the influence of a colloid dispersion of fine particles on the movement of low and high ... continues trying to move forward under its own driving force. This results in the boundary becoming ... more details
File Flux pinning.ogg thumb Flux pinning giving stiffness to Meissner effect levitation Flux pinning is the phenomenon that magnetic flux magnetic flux lines do not move become trapped, or pinned in spite of the Lorentz force acting on them inside a electric current current carrying Type II superconductor . The phenomenon cannot occur in Type I superconductor s, since these cannot be penetrated by magnetic fields Meissner effect Meissner Ochsenfeld effect . Flux pinning is only possible when there are crystallographic defect defects in the crystalline structure of the superconductor usually resulting from crystallite grain boundaries or impurities . Importance of flux pinning Flux pinning is desirable in high temperature superconductor high temperature ceramic superconductors to prevent flux creep , which can create a pseudo electrical resistance resistance and depress both critical current density and critical field. Degradation of a high temperature superconductor s properties due to flux creep is a limiting factor in the use of these superconductors. SQUID magnetometers suffer reduced precision in a certain range of applied field due to flux creep in the superconducting magnet used to bias the sample, and the maximum field strength of high temperature superconducting magnets is drastically reduced by the depression in critical field. See also Flux pumping Superconductivity Abrikosov vortex Pinningforce References http www.futurescience.com scintro.html Future Science introduction to high temperature superconductors. http www.americanmagnetics.com supercon.php American Magnetics tutorial on magnetic field exclusion and flux pinning in superconductors. http quench analysis.web.cern.ch quench analysis phd fs html node41.html Cern Lhc documentation Stability of superconductors. Other sources Flux Pinning of Bi sub 2 sub Sr sub 2 sub CaCu sub 2 sub O sub 8 Delta sub High ... Force Research Lab Wright Patterson. Oct 2003 Category Levitation Category Superconductivity Category ... more details
About the modelling technique other uses Pinning disambiguation PinningPinning is a technique used when assembling large or heavy Scale model model kits such as metal wargaming Miniature figure gaming miniatures that involves drilling a hole in two pieces of the model to be joined, and using a pin to strengthen the bond when they are glued. Pinning is a useful technique for reinforcing joints and is essential when making models from parts that were not designed to go together, such as a miniature conversion . ref cite web url http www.dropship.org.uk library 40k002.asp title Modelling Workshop Tools and Techniques publisher Dropship 40000 ref While models that are used for display purposes do not often require pinning, heavy models that are frequently handled such as large metal miniatures used for wargaming will often benefit from pinning to ensure that the model does not come apart. ref cite web url http uk.games workshop.com khazaddum dragon 1 title Tips for Assembling Your Dragon publisher Games Workshop accessdate 2008 02 21 ref Some modellers also use Blu Tack or another temporary adhesive as an aid when pinning. ref cite web url http www.tabletop terrain.com archives 2006 12 15 712 title Tutorial Pinning with Blu Tack publisher Tabletop Terrain date 2006 12 15 ref See also Miniature conversion References Reflist Category Miniatures games Category Scale modeling ... more details
In a crystalline material, a dislocation is capable of traveling throughout the lattice when relatively small stresses are applied. This movement of dislocations results in the material Deformation engineering plastically deforming . Pinning points in the material act to halt a dislocation s movement, requiring a greater amount of force to be applied to overcome the barrier. This results in an overall Strengthening mechanisms of materials strengthening of materials . Types of pinning points Point defects Crystallographic defect Point defects Point defects as well as stationary dislocations, jogs, and kinks present in a material create stress field s within a material that disallow traveling dislocations to come into direct contact. Much like two particles of the same electric charge feel a repulsion to one another when brought together, the dislocation is pushed away from the already present stress field. Alloying elements The introduction of atom sub 1 sub into a crystal of atom sub 2 sub creates a pinning point for multiple reasons. An alloy ing atom is by nature a point defect, thus it must create a stress field when placed into a foreign crystallographic position, which could block the passage of a dislocation. However, it is possible that the alloying material is approximately the same size as the atom that is replaced, and thus its presence would not stress the lattice as occurs in cobalt alloyed nickel . The different atom would, though, have a different elastic modulus , which would create a different terrain for the moving dislocation. A higher modulus would look like an energy barrier, and a lower like an energy trough both of which would stop its movement. Second phase precipitates main Precipitation hardening The precipitation chemistry precipitation of a second phase within the lattice of a material creates physical blockades through which a dislocation cannot pass. The result is that the dislocation must bend which requires greater energy, or a greater ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 No footnotes date November 2010 UV pinning is the process of applying a dose of low intensity ultraviolet UV light to a UV curable ink UV ink . The light s wavelength s must be correctly matched to the ink s photochemistry photochemical properties. As a result, the ink droplets move to a higher viscosity state, but stop short of full curing chemistry cure . This is also referred to as the gel ling of the ink. UV pinning is typically used in UV Inkjet printer ink jet applications e.g. the printing of label s, the printing of electronics , and the fabrication of 3 D microstructure s . Purpose UV pinning enhances the management of drop size and image integrity, minimizing the unwanted mixing of drops and providing the highest possible image quality and the sharpest colour rendering. References Enhancing label print quality with UV pinning, Sept 2007, Andrew Ridyard and Dr. Mark Bale DEFAULTSORT Uv Pinning Category Photochemistry Category Ultraviolet radiation Category Viscosity ... more details
Z pinning is a technique to insert reinforcing fibres also called Z pins or Z fibres along the Cartesian coordinate system Z direction of continuous fibre reinforced plastic s. ref name zpinningpaper cite web author Partridge, Ivana K. et al. title Manufacture and performance of Z pinned composites work Advanced polymeric materials structure property relationships, CRC Press ISBN 1 58716 047 1 chapter 3 year 2003 ref Z pins can be made of metal or precured unidirectional composite fibres. It is designed for use within pre preg technology there is extensive experimental evidence that Z pinning dramatically improves the resistance of the composite structure to delamination . ref name zpinningdelamination cite web author Partridge, Ivana K. et al. title Delamination resistant laminates by Z Fiber pinning doi 10.1016 j.compositesa.2004.06.029 work Composites Part A year 2005 month January ref Several ways of inserting Z pins have been developed to date. One method involves the use of an ultrasonic hammer that forces the Z pins through the uncured preform while inducing high frequency vibrations to them. The vibrating chamfered tip of the Z pins locally heats up and softens the resin allowing the Z fibre to penetrate the preform with minimal disruption of the long fibres. See also Tufting composites References references External links http www.cranfield.ac.uk sas clientservices facilities page5257.jsp Cranfield University page with Z pinning unit description DEFAULTSORT Z Pinning Category Composite materials material stub ... more details
Image Csusnursingpin.jpg thumb right 220px The California State University, Sacramento Sacramento State University nursing pin . A pinning ceremony is a symbol ic welcoming of newly graduated nurse s into the nursing profession. ref http www.olhcc.edu x1292.xml OLHC College ref ref http www.mc.vanderbilt.edu reporter index.html?ID 6597 Vanderbilt Medical Center ref The new nurses are presented with nursing pin s by the Nursing educator faculty of the nursing school . ref http www.southark.edu academic departments dynpage.asp?pageID 2713 South Arkansas CC Nursing ref Often the nurses recite the Nightingale Pledge . ref http www.accd.edu SAC NURSING honors.html San Antonio College Nursing ref Some nursing schools have stopped holding the pinning ceremony, claiming it is an outdated ritual. ref http ceeps.colostate pueblo.edu nursing pinning.htm Colorado State Nursing ref References reflist See also Nurse s cap Capping ceremony nursing stub Category Nursing education Category Graduation ... more details
Percutaneous pinning is a technique used by orthopedic surgeons for the stabilisation of unstable fractures. Many fractures can be manipulated into wholly satisfactory positions, immobilized in an appropriate Orthopedic cast cast and allowed to heal. Some fractures, however, cannot be held in a satisfactory position by this method, and require some additional form of fixation. This is the usual situation with all displaced fractures of the first metacarpal and of the proximal phalanges of the hand, and of about two thirds of fractures of the distal end of the radius. Pinning involves the manipulation, with X ray guidance, of the fracture into an acceptable position, and the immediate insertion of metal pins, called Kirschner wire s, through the skin, into one bone fragment and across the fracture line into the other bone fragment. These pins are normally left in position for some four to six weeks, and are removed when the fracture has healed. See also Distal radius fracture References cite book last Fernandez first Diego L. coauthors Jesse B. Jupiter title Fractures of the Distal Radius A Practical Approach to Management edition Second edition year 2002 publisher Springer Science Business Media Springer isbn 0 387 95195 4 Category Orthopedic surgery ... more details
wiktionary Force The Force The Force or Force may refer to tocright Television and film The Force film The Force film , a 1994 American movie Force Star Wars Force Star Wars , a fictional concept in Star Wars media The Force Channel 4 television series The Force Channel 4 television series , a British television series on Channel 4 The Force ITV television series The Force ITV television series , an unrelated British television series on ITV The Force Behind the Line , an Australian documentary television series The Force advertisement , a 2011 television advertisement for Volkswagen s Passat Music The Force band , an American punk rock group The Force Kool & the Gang album The Force Kool & the Gang album , 1977 The Force Onslaught album The Force Onslaught album , 1986 Other uses Police force , the local law enforcement body Western Force , a rugby union team from Perth, Australia The Force , a nickname of snooker player Peter Ebdon See also Force disambiguation disambiguation it The Force ... more details
Expand section information about who publishes it date July 2007 Is it in Force? is the authoritative guide to the commencement of UK statutes from Halsbury s Statutes , published daily as an online service and twice annually as a paperback volume by LexisNexis Butterworths . It deals with every Public Act of Parliament , Measure of the Welsh Assembly , Act of the Scottish Parliament and General Synod Measure passed since 1960. However, annual Finance Acts are not dealt with in Is it in Force? because the commencement of provisions therein are generally stated clearly in the text of the provision concerned. Is it in Force? is designed to be used in conjunction with the Halsbury s Statutes Citator . See also Halsbury s Statutes Act of Parliament DEFAULTSORT Is It In Force? Category British law journals ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2008 A no force policy is used in transaction control in database theory . The term no force refers to the disk pages related to the actual database object being modified. With a no force policy, when a Database transaction transaction commits, the changes made to the actual objects are not required to be written to disk in place forced . A record of the changes must still be preserved at commit time to ensure that the transaction is durability computer science durable . This record is typically written to a sequential transaction log , with the actual changes to the database objects being changes which can be written at a later time. For frequently changed objects, a no force policy allows updates to be merged and so reduce the number of write operations to the actual database object. A no force policy also reduces the seek time required for a commit by having mostly sequential write operations to the transaction log, rather than requiring the disk to seek to many distinct database objects during a commit. Category Database management systems database stub ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Force It Type Album Artist UFO band UFO Cover Force It cover.jpg Released July 1975 Recorded Morgan Studios , London Genre Hard rock Length 38 11 br 65 26 2007 Reissue Label Chrysalis Records Chrysalis Producer Leo Lyons Last album Phenomenon UFO album Phenomenon br 1974 This album Force It br 1975 Next album No Heavy Petting br 1976 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4 5 ref cite web url http www.allmusic.com album force it r51751 review title UFO Force It review accessdate 2011 07 20 last Rivadavia first Eduardo work Allmusic publisher Rovi Corporation ref rev2 Robert Christgau rev2Score B ref cite web url http www.robertchristgau.com get album.php?id 4077 title UFO Force It review accessdate 2011 07 20 last Christgau first Robert year 1987 publisher Robert Christgau ref noprose yes Force It is the fourth album by UFO band UFO , released in 1975. It became their first album to chart in the United States. The album was produced by Ten Years After bass player Leo Lyons . Another Ten Years After member, Chick Churchill , played Keyboard instrument keyboards , the first use of that instrument on a UFO record. The CD reissue was remaster ed at Sound Recording Technology, Cambridge in 1994. Album cover The somewhat controversial original cover was designed by Hipgnosis , as were almost all other UFO albums of the 1970s. For years, the genders of the couple in the bath were unknown, and the nudity was on the verge of decency ... of the band Throbbing Gristle . ref cite web url http www.ugo.com music ufo force it title Awesome ... magazine Billboard North America ref cite web url http www.allmusic.com album force it r51751 charts awards title Force It Billboard Albums accessdate 2011 07 20 work Allmusic publisher Rovi Corporation ... Albums produced by Leo Lyons Category Chrysalis Records albums fr Force It it Force It pl Force It fi Force It sv Force It ... more details
pp protected expiry 2012 04 07T23 48 30Z small yes Other uses Force disambiguation See also Forcing disambiguation File Force examples.svg 300px thumb Forces are also described as a push or pull on an object ... name Force image caption unit newton unit newton symbols F derivations nowrap F Mass m Acceleration a In physics , a force is any influence that causes an Physical body object to undergo a change in speed, a change in direction, or a change in shape. In other words, a force is that which can cause ... engineering deform . Force can also be described by intuitive concepts such as a push or pull. A force has both Euclidean vector Length magnitude and Direction geometry, geography direction ... force acting upon an object is equal to the time derivative rate at which its momentum changes. ref See for example pages 9 1 and 9 2 of Feynman, Leighton and Sands 1963 . ref Related concepts to force ... Force Any external agent that causes a change in the motion of a free body, or that causes stress in a fixed ... in Classical Antiquity antiquity used the concept of force in the study of statics stationary ... retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an incomplete understanding of the sometimes non obvious force of friction , and a consequently inadequate view of the nature ... 19 MB publisher Archive.org accessdate 2007 10 14 ref A fundamental error was the belief that a force ... about motion and force were eventually corrected by Sir Isaac Newton with his mathematical ... in order of decreasing strength, they are strong force strong , electromagnetic force electromagnetic , weak force weak , and gravitational force gravitational . ref name texts High energy physics High ... thumb 150px right Aristotle famously described a force as anything which causes an object to undergo unnatural motion Since antiquity the concept of force has been recognized as integral to the functioning ... allowed for less force to be used in exchange for that force acting over a greater distance for the same ... more details
About the military force other uses T Force disambiguation T Force was an elite British Army force which ... of the T Force were among the largest exploitation operations carried out by the allies. ref ...?id J1cyhzjUtMUC&pg PA63&dq 22T Force 22 2BBritain 2BGermany v onepage&q 22T Force 22 2BBritain 2BGermany ... Force SHAEF under General Dwight D. Eisenhower Eisenhower issued a directive to create T Forces soon ... . T Force units were attached to the three army groups on the Western Front World War II western front ... Army Group . The targets of the T Force were selected and recommended by the Combined Intelligence ...&lpg PA4&dq 22T Force 22 2BGermany 2BBritain 2Bmilitary 2Bscientists&source bl&ots jpTCiDbqza&sig GyVjaRHeF1o1XIzHYEwe81Kmrfg ... &f false accessdate 31 August 2009 ref T Force units were lightly armed and highly mobile. ref ... Target Force , normally referred to as T Force. Fleming sat on the committee that selected targets ... of the unit. The infantry component of T Force was formed by the King s Regiment Liverpool 5th Battalion .... Ian Fleming used elements of this story in his 1955 James Bond novel Moonraker . The story of T Force ... on the subject. ref T Force, The Race for Nazi War Secrets, 1945 by Sean Longden. Published by Constable & Robinson Sep 2009 ref Western front T Force units accompanied combat units when capturing industrial ... were removed. Once the T Force took control of a plant, CIOS would be informed of it, and investigators ... 0773528156 pages 109 110 url http books.google.lk books?id JDSsAAAAIAAJ&pg PA4&lpg PA4&dq 22T Force ... of the T Force was the seizing of Kiel on 4 May 1945. Allied troops had been ordered not to move north past Bad Segeberg by this time. However, a T Force group led by Major Tony Hibbert soldier ... was given in error, the T Force moved into Kiel unopposed, and took control of their assigned targets. A strong German force was present in the city, which was reluctant to surrender when asked by the T Force, until Admiral Karl D nitz instructed them to do so. ref Cite book title ... more details
T Force may refer to T Force , a British Army force from the Second World War T Force film T Force , a 1994 sci fi film Mr. T and the T Force , a comic book series disambig ... more details
Patterns of Force may refer to Patterns of Force Star Trek Patterns of Force Star Trek , an episode of Star Trek Patterns of Force Star Wars novel Patterns of Force Star Wars novel , a Star Wars novel disambig ... more details
Force 10 may refer to Force 10 from Navarone film Force 10 on the Beaufort scale of wind speed s Gull Force 10 , a fuel brand in New Zealand Force10 , an American computer networking company Paratrooper ride Force 10 Ride Force 10 , an amusement ride. br disambig ... more details
New Force can refer to the following political parties New Force Iceland Nytt afl in Iceland historical New Force Italy Forza Nuova in Italy New Force Spain Nueva Fuerza in Spain Ulster Conservatives and Unionists New Force in Northern Ireland , the United Kingdom . New Force Party in Thailand See also New Forces dab ... more details
Freedom Force or The Freedom Force may refer to Freedom Force comics , two teams one of supervillains, the other of superheroes in the Marvel Comics universe Freedom Force video game Freedom Force video game , a video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System Freedom Force 2002 video game Freedom Force 2002 video game , a superhero game by Irrational Games The sequel, Freedom Force vs The 3rd Reich The Freedom Force TV series The Freedom Force TV series , a 1970s animated TV series Freedom Force, a militant group involved in Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Militant groups insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir Freedom Force International, a G. Edward Griffin Libertarian advocacy libertarian interest group founded by G. Edward Griffin disambig fr Freedom Force ... more details
La Force is French language French for The Force disambiguation the Force . La Force can refer to Places La Force is the name of several commune in France communes in France La Force, Aude La Force , in the Aude d partement La Force, Dordogne La Force , in the Dordogne d partement La Force prison was a prison in Paris People Duc de La Force was a List of French peerages peerage of France Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force 1558 1652 , marshal of France and peer of France Armand Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force c. 1580 1675 , first son of Jacques Nompar, peer and marshal of France Charlotte Rose de Caumont La Force or Mademoiselle de La Force 1654 1724 , a French writer Michael de la Force , born in Conroe, Texas , is an International Publisher, and member of the Fourth Estate based in New York City . disambig ceb La Force de La Force es La Force fr La Force nl La Force pt La Force sl La Force uk ... more details
Orphan date March 2012 Expeditionary Force is a generic name sometimes applied to a Expeditionary warfare military force dispatched to fight in a foreign country . The term was particularly common in World War I and World War II . Military formations which have had Expeditionary Force in their title include American Expeditionary Forces Polar Bear Expedition American North Russia Expeditionary Force Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force Brazilian Expeditionary Force British Expeditionary Force disambiguation Canadian Expeditionary Force Chilean Expeditionary Force in War of the Pacific Greek Expeditionary Force Korea Greek Expeditionary Force to Korea Indian Expeditionary Force Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia China Expeditionary Army Japanese Expeditionary Force to China New Zealand Expeditionary Force Samoan Expeditionary Force from New Zealand in World War I Hejaz Expeditionary Force Ottoman Hejaz Expeditionary Force 1st Expeditionary Force Ottoman Empire Ottoman 1st Expeditionary Force 5th Expeditionary Force Ottoman Empire Ottoman 5th Expeditionary Force Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea Portuguese Expeditionary Corps Russian Expeditionary Force in France mil unit dis ca Expedici militar de Expeditionsstreitkr fte es Expedici n militar kk no Ekspedisjonsstyrke ru ... more details
Strike Force may refer to Strike Force TV series Strike Force TV series , a 1981 ABC television series starring Robert Stack Strike Force video game Strike Force video game , a 1991 video game Strike Force professional wrestling , a professional wrestling tag team Strike Force , a 2003 film also known as The Librarians film The Librarians film . Aussie Strike Force , a Nat Geo Wild TV channel series starring Jamie Seymour, an Australian marine biologist and venom expert. Strike Force may also refer to Strikeforce , a mixed martial arts promotion Strike Force France , the French nuclear deterrent, a.k.a. the Force de frappe Strikeforce Morituri , a science fiction comic published by Marvel Comics . Commandos Strike Force , a video game Theatre Strike Force , a college improvisation troupe Strike force, military term for the military unit of a special assault assignment compare to quick reaction force in defense tactics disambig it Strike Force ... more details
In physics , resistive force is a force whose direction is opposite to the velocity of the body, or of the sum of the other forces, and may refer to Friction Viscosity Category Force disambig ... more details
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