Infobox Anatomy Name Interspinous plane Latin planum interspinale GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 22 DorlandsSuf 12644540 The interspinous plane or spinous plane is a transverse plane which transverses the anterior superior iliac spine s. External links http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com viewer.aspx?path dorland&name plane 2 .jpg Anatomical planes Category Anatomy anatomy stub ... more details
Image razeeplane.jpg thumb right A razee plane A razee plane is a type of wooden bodied woodworking Plane tool plane which is cut away in height toward its rear. The handle is placed just behind the point where the plane body is lowered, thus putting the user s hand, and the thrust, closer to the wood. The description is apparently derived from the razee ship conversion, in which the ship is cut down to remove some of the upperworks. Woodworking carpentry stub Category Planes Category Woodworking hand tools ... more details
In mathematics , an affine plane may refer to The Euclidean plane Affine plane incidence geometry , an abstract system of points and lines such that every pair of points has a line containing both of them A two dimensional affine space , an origin free generalization of a vector space The plane with two complex Cartesian coordinates , called the affine plane in algebraic geometry to emphasize the difference between it and its projective completion mathdab ... more details
edition specific information and general information. date October 2010 The Plane of Shadow is a fictional Plane Dungeons & Dragons plane of existence in the Dungeons & Dragons role playing game, under the standard planar cosmology. Publication history In first edition AD&D , the Plane of Shadow was the largest Demi Plane of the Ethereal Plane. ref Jeff Grubb Manual of the Planes TSR, Inc. TSR , 1987 . ref Description The Plane of Shadow is a dimly lit dimension that is both conterminous to and coexistent with the Prime Material Plane Material Plane . It overlaps the Material Plane much as the Ethereal Plane does, so a planar traveler can use the Plane of Shadow to cover great distances quickly. The Plane of Shadow is also conterminous to other planes. With the right spell, a character can use the Plane of Shadow to visit other realities. The Plane of Shadow is a world of black and white color itself has been bleached from the environment. It otherwise appears similar to the Material Plane. Despite the lack of light sources, various plants, animals, and humanoids call the Plane of Shadow home. The Plane of Shadow is magically morphic, and parts continually flow onto other planes. As a result, creating a precise map of the plane is next to impossible, despite the presence of landmarks. Traits Magically morphic. Certain spells modify the base material of the Plane of Shadow. The utility and power of these spells within the Plane of Shadow make them particularly useful for explorers ... on the Plane of Shadow. Such spells are cast as though they were prepared with the Maximize ... slightly more powerful on the Plane of Shadow. The two spells Shadow Conjuration and Shadow Evocation ... cast on the Plane of Shadow. A spellcaster attempting a spell with the light or fire descriptor must ... in general, because all light sources have their ranges halved on the Plane of Shadow. Despite the dark nature of the Plane of Shadow, spells that produce, use, or manipulate darkness are unaffected ... more details
The Laplace plane or Laplacian plane of a planetary satellite, named after its discoverer Pierre Simon Laplace 1749 1827 , is a mean or reference plane about whose axis the instantaneous orbital plane astronomy orbital plane of a satellite precession precesses . This plane is sometimes called the satellite s invariable plane , but the latter term Invariable plane more often refers to the related concept ... body. Definition The axis of this Laplace plane is coplanar with, and between, a the polar axis ... name ESAA92 The Laplace plane arises because the equatorial oblateness of the parent planet tends to cause ... plane, while the solar perturbations tend to cause the orbit of the satellite to precess around the polar axis of the parent planet s orbital plane around the Sun. The two effects acting together result ... In effect, this is the plane normal to the orbital precession pole of the satellite. It is a kind of average orbital plane of the satellite, around which the instantaneous orbital plane of the satellite ... plane is very close to the equatorial plane of its primary planet if the satellite is very close to its planet or to the plane of the primary planet s orbit around the Sun if the satellite is far ... for orbits farther away. Examples of satellites whose Laplace plane is close to their planet s equatorial plane include the Moons of Mars satellites of Mars and the Inner moon inner satellites of the giant planets . Examples of satellites whose Laplace plane is close to their planet s orbital plane include Earth s Moon and the Irregular moon outer satellites of the giant planets . Some ... planes that are midway between their planet s equatorial plane and the plane of its solar orbit. So the varying positions of the Laplace plane at varying distances from the primary planet can be pictured ... plane of rotation and oblateness of the planet, and the outermost rings near its solar orbital plane ... or Laplacean plane, as discussed here, relates to the orbit of a planetary satellite. It is to be distinguished ... more details
File Plane mirror.png thumb A ray diagram for a plane mirror A plane mirror is a mirror with a Plane mathematics plane reflective surface. For light Ray optics rays striking a plane mirror, the angle of Reflection physics reflection equals the angle of incidence. Thus a Collimated light collimated beam of light does not spread out after reflection from a plane mirror, except for diffraction effects. A plane mirror makes images of objects in front of it these images appear to be behind the plane in which the mirror lies. A straight line drawn from part of an object to the corresponding part of its image makes a right angle with, and is bisected by, the surface of the plane mirror. The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual image virtual meaning that the light rays do not actually come from the image , upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting. A virtual image is a copy of an object formed at the location from which the light rays appear to come. However, the image is a laterally inverted mirror image of the object. If a person is reflected in a plane mirror, the image of his right hand appears to be the left hand of the image. Relation to curved mirrors Mathematically, a plane mirror can be considered to be the Limit mathematics limit of either a concave or a convex spherical curved mirror as the radius, and therefore the focal length , becomes infinite. Category Mirrors optics stub de Planspiegel fr Miroir plan ta tr D zlem ayna vi G ng ph ng ... more details
Infobox Non profit Non profit name Plane Stupid Non profit logo Image Plane Stupid logo.jpg centre 300px ... homepage http www.planestupid.com www.planestupid.com File Plane Stupid on Palace of Westminster.jpg thumb right upright Protesters on the roof of the Palace of Westminster Plane Stupid is a UK ... Plane Stupid accessdate 2008 01 14 ref The group was founded in 2005 by Joss Garman , Richard George ... 2006 Plane Stupid blocked a taxiway at East Midlands Airport for four hours. Their spokesman Leo Murray ... accessdate 2009 02 20 author ref In October 2007 Plane Stupid disrupted activities at Manchester Airport ... . Leila Dean, 29, from Plane Stupid, said We came here because we are supporting the 700 villagers ... that Plane Stupid are indulging in irresponsible gestures. ref cite news work The Times title ... 10 24 ref Stansted Airport, December 2008 File Plane stupid Stansted 2.jpg thumb right upright A protester blocking the taxi way On 8 December 2008 Plane Stupid activists occupied a taxiway at London ... the successor to the Kyoto Protocol on climate change. Plane Stupid said that The nature of climate ... ref David Millward, Transport Editor for The Telegraph suggested that they should be called Plane Selfish ref cite news url http www.telegraph.co.uk comment 3687100 Plane stupid 27s antics at Stansted airport are plain selfish.html title Plane stupid s antics at Stansted airport are plain selfish work ... date 2010 05 24 ref Southampton Airport, February 2009 File Plane stupid Southampton.jpg thumb right ... thumb left On 3 March 2009, seven protesters from Plane Stupid occupied a taxiway at Aberdeen ... and displayed a banner reading Plane Stupid Golf Open 2009 . ref name bbcabdn One young protestor ... cannot go ahead. ref cite web url http planestupid.com content plane stupid scotland shuts aberdeen airport title Plane Stupid Scotland shuts Aberdeen airport publisher Plane Stupid accessdate 2009 03 ... Airport September 2009 On 29 September 2009 Plane Stupid activists together with activists from Flight ... more details
In mathematics , the Minkowski plane named after Hermann Minkowski is a two dimensional affine space provided with a Metric mathematics metric that is translational symmetry invariant under translation geometry translations . Often one identifies the underlying affine space with the plane mathematics plane R sup 2 sup . With this identification, it is easily seen that any Minkowski plane corresponds to a norm mathematics norm on that plane, and vice versa. A generalization of the Minkowski plane is the Benz plane . See also distance unit disc External links http www.math.poly.edu alvarez pdfs disc.pdf On the Perimeter and Area of the Unit Disc , by J.C. lvarez Pavia and A.C. Thompson geometry stub Category Affine geometry Category Metric geometry ru ... more details
Infobox River river name Plane image name Plane1 Freienthal.JPG caption origin Brandenburg mouth Havel br coord 52 23 6 N 12 29 34 E display inline,title basin countries Germany length 57 km elevation discharge watershed The Plane is a river in Brandenburg , Germany , left tributary of the Havel . Its total length is 57 kilometre km . The Plane originates in the High Fl ming Nature Park , near Rabenstein . It flows north through Planetal and Golzow, Potsdam Mittelmark Golzow . The Plane joins the Havel in the Breitlingsee lake west of Brandenburg an der Havel . commonscat Plane River Plane River Category Rivers of Brandenburg Brandenburg geo stub de Plane Fluss ... more details
Plane symmetry means a symmetry of a pattern in the Euclidean plane that is, a transformation of the plane that carries any directioned lines to lines and preserves many different distances. If one has a pattern in the plane, the set of plane symmetries that preserve the pattern forms a group mathematics group . The groups that arise in this way are plane symmetry groups and are of considerable mathematical interest. A symmetry plane is a three dimensional object s symmetry axe. There are several kinds of plane symmetry groups Reflection group s. These are plane symmetry groups that are generated by reflections, possibly limited to reflections in lines through the origin. Circle group Rotation group s. These groups consist of rotations around a point. Translation group s. Symmetries of geometrical figure s. Some of these are reflection groups, e.g., the group of symmetries of the square geometry square or the rectangle . The symmetry group of a swastika or any similar figure without an axis of symmetry is a rotation group. Category Euclidean geometry Elementary geometry stub ... more details
Image BullnoseShoulderPlane.jpg thumb right 250px A bullnose shoulder plane. In this model the mouth is adjusted by adding or removing shim engineering shims behind the removable nose. The shoulder plane is a plane tool plane tool with a blade flush with the edges of the plane, allowing trimming right up to the edge of a workpiece. Like a rebate plane , the shoulder plane s blade extends, therefore cuts, to the full width of the tool. The shoulder plane is used to trim the shoulders and faces of Mortise and tenon tenons . It is used when it is necessary to trim right into the concave corner where two surfaces of the same piece of wood meet perpendicularly. It is also commonly used to clean up dadoes housings and tenons for joinery. Unlike the rebate plane, the shoulder plane is intended to cut end grain . There are therefore differences between it and a rebate plane in the angles at which the iron blade is set. There is a more acute angle between the iron and the sole of the tool. The iron is set square across the tool rather than obliquely. The iron is set face down. The ground and honed bevel forming the edge is uppermost. A shoulder plane also has a much finer set mouth, which allows finer shavings to be taken. References cite web title Premium Shoulder Planes url http www.wkfinetools.com contrib cSchwarz z art sPlanes sPlanes1.asp author Christopher Schwarz publisher WK Fine Tools accessdate 6 July 2009 Category Planes de Doppel Simshobel ru ... more details
In woodworking , a chamfer plane is a specialised plane tool plane used for making bevelled edges that is, chamfer s. Further reading http www.frontier.iarc.uaf.edu 8080 cswingle woodworking jigs.phtml http www.frontier.iarc.uaf.edu cswingle woodworking images chamfer plane.pdf Images http www.fine tools.com G309803.htm Woodworking Category Planes carpentry stub ... more details
Image Fingerhoevle.jpg thumb 250px Finger planes from a violin builder s workshop. br Photo B. Askholm A finger plane is a small Plane tool plane , usually with a brass body, typically used by violin makers. Woodworking Category Planes woodworking stub da Fingerh vl ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Trefftz plane is a Plane geometry plane located at an infinite distance downstream of the aircraft , which is perpendicular to the wake . References Joel Grasmeyer 1997 . A Discrete Vortex Method for Calculating the Minimum Induced Drag and Optimum Load Distribution for Aircraft Configurations with Noncoplanar Surfaces . 4 Category Aerodynamics aviation stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Strug katnik 03.jpg thumb 200px A rabbet plane The rebate plane also known as the rabbet plane is a hand plane designed for cutting rabbet rebates in wood. It s a simple tool, used in many Western countries, with hundreds of years of history. It was in use in England at least as early as the 11th century. The rebate plane is one of a group of planes including the shoulder plane , bullnose plane and carriage makers plane in which the blade protrudes by a very small amount usually less than half a millimetre from the sides of the plane body on both sides. The blade is very slightly wider than the body of the plane. The reason for the slight protrusion of the blade is so that the plane body does not bind on the side of the cut, which would result in the side wall of the rebate not being perpendicular to the bottom. Rebate planes are intended for long grain cutting and are generally setup to remove large amounts of material quickly. The mouth is set quite coarsely to allow large chips to be removed. There are a few variations of this plane, including the duplex rebate plane, which has two locations for the blade one in the middle of the body for normal cutting and one at the front to allow cutting into corners. In the latter mode, the duplex rebate plane is similar to a bullnose plane. The rebate plane commonly has a depth stop and a fence which allows the width and depth of the rebate to be gauged. They also are commonly equipped with a spur which is designed to score the wood as the rebate is cut, giving a cleaner corner. This is particularly valuable when working across the grain. DEFAULTSORT Rebate Plane Category Planes ca Guilleume de Falzhobel es Guillame ru ... more details
2 sup 20 sup code points 1 to 16, in addition to the use of single words to encode plane 0. ref The four bits wwww in the high surrogate represents the Unicode plane 1 . Unicode plane wwww 1. The highest value wwww can represent is 1111 sub binary sub F sub hex sub 15 sub decimal sub . Hence plane 15 1 16 is the highest plane a surrogate pair can represent. Hence 10 FFFF sub hex sub is the highest code point a surrogate pair can represent. See Table 3.5 UTF 16 Bit Distribution in the Unicode Standard ... sup code points 32 planes even if limited to 4 bytes. ref See Table 3.6 UTF 8 Bit Distribution in the Unicode ..., the terms astral plane and astral characters are used informally to refer to the planes above the Basic Multilingual Plane planes 1 16 and their characters. ref http www.tlg.uci.edu opoudjis unicode unicode astral.html Nicholas, Nick. Astral Planes ref Overview Planes Unicode Basic Multilingual Plane Image Roadmap to Unicode BMP.svg thumb A map of the Basic Multilingual Plane. Each numbered box represents 256 code points. The first plane, plane 0 , the Basic Multilingual Plane BMP , is where ... Forms FF00 FFEF Unicode Specials Specials FFF0 FFFF Supplementary Multilingual PlanePlane 1 , the Supplementary Multilingual Plane SMP , is mostly used for historic scripts such as Linear B , and is also ... 1F700 1F77F Supplementary Ideographic PlanePlane 2 , the Supplementary Ideographic Plane SIP ... been assigned to Planes 3 through 13. Plane 3 is tentatively named the Tertiary Ideographic Plane .... Supplementary Special purpose PlanePlane 14 E in hexadecimal , the Supplementary Special purpose Plane SSP , currently contains non graphical characters. The first block is for deprecated ... Category Unicode Plane ko zh Unicode ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Strug zdzierak 01.jpg thumb 200px A scrub plane parts The scrub plane is a type of plane tool plane used to remove large amounts of wood from the surface of lumber, such as when eliminating cup or twist in the first stages of preparing rough stock, or when reducing the thickness of a board significantly. Scrub planes generally have a short soles, a relatively narrow but thick blade, a very wide mouth, and a deeply curved edge of about a 3 inch radius to make a deep, gouging cut. A scrub plane is generally used in diagonal strokes across the face of a board, rather than parallel to the length of the board along the grain as with most other bench planes. In thicknessing or preparing rough stock, the scrub plane is usually followed by the jack plane , jointer plane , then smoothing plane . Its function in modern woodworking has been largely replaced by power tools such as the thicknesser thickness planer . A scrub plane can still be useful for planing boards too wide to fit through a thickness planer. DEFAULTSORT Scrub Plane Category Planes da skrubh vl de Schrupphobel fr Riflard nl Schaaf ru ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A term used in celestial mechanics , the plane of reference is the plane by means of which orbital elements positions are defined. The two main orbital elements that are measured with respect to the plane of reference are the inclination and the longitude of the ascending node . Depending on the type of body being described, there are four different kinds of reference planes that are typically used Ecliptic or invariable plane for planets, asteroids, comets, etc. within the solar system , as these bodies generally have orbits that lie close to the ecliptic. Equator of orbited body for satellites with small semimajor axes Local Laplace plane satellites with intermediate to large semimajor axes Plane tangent to celestial sphere extrasolar objects On the plane of reference, a zero point must be defined from which the angles of longitude are measured. This is usually defined as the point on the celestial sphere where the plane crosses the prime hour circle the hour circle occupied by the First Point of Aries . See also Fundamental plane spherical coordinates Fundamental plane DEFAULTSORT Plane Of Reference Category Spherical astronomy Category Celestial mechanics Category Astrodynamics ar de Referenzfl che sl Referen na ravnina vi M t ph ng tham chi u ... more details
A normal plane may refer to The plane perpendicular to the tangent vector of a space curve see Frenet Serret formulas . A term involving gears see list of gear nomenclature . See also Normal bundle Disambig ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Umbilical plane Latin GraySubject GrayPage GrayPage Diagram showing the three major planes of the body. Image Human anatomy planes.svg Image2 Navel 13 04 1993.jpg Caption2 umbilicus Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 22 DorlandsSuf 12644301 The umbilical plane is the transverse plane passing through the Navel umbilicus . This is similar to the location of the mid transverse plane , which is the transverse plane made through the waist, into roughly two halves the torso, arms and head on the top, and the pelvis and legs including hands if arms are held vertically at the bottom. That is the plane seen in the picture. Anatomical planes Category Anatomy anatomy stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Sternal plane Latin planum sternale GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 22 DorlandsSuf 12644631 The sternal plane is a coronal plane which transects the front of the Human sternum sternum . ref name titleDefinition sternal plane from Online Medical Dictionary Cite web url http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?sternal plane title Definition sternal plane from Online Medical Dictionary accessdate 2007 12 17 format work ref References Reflist Anatomical planes Category Anatomy Anatomy stub ... more details
In crystallography , a glide plane is symmetry operation describing how a reflection mathematics reflection in a plane, followed by a translation mathematics translation parallel with that plane, may leave the crystal unchanged. Glide planes are noted by a , b or c , depending on which axis the glide is along. There is also the n glide, which is a glide along the half of a diagonal of a face, and the d glide, which is along a fourth of either a face or space diagonal of the unit cell. The latter is often called the diamond glide plane as it features in the diamond structure. Formal treatment In geometry , a glide plane operation is a type of isometry of the Euclidean space the combination of a reflection mathematics reflection in a plane and a translation geometry translation in that plane ... in a plane and a translation in a perpendicular direction is a reflection in a parallel plane. However, a glide plane operation with a nonzero translation vector in the plane cannot be reduced like that. Thus the effect of a reflection combined with any translation is a glide plane operation in the general sense, with as special case just a reflection. The glide plane operation in the strict ... in up to three dimensions isometries in 3D . The isometry group generated by just a glide plane operation is an infinite cyclic group . Combining two equal glide plane operations gives a pure translation with a translation vector that is twice that of the glide plane operation, so the even powers of the glide plane operation form a translation group. In the case of glide plane symmetry , the symmetry group of an object contains a glide plane operation, and hence the group generated by it. For any symmetry group containing glide plane symmetry, the translation vector of any glide plane operation is one half of an element of the translation group. If the translation vector of a glide plane operation is itself an element of the translation group, then the corresponding glide plane symmetry ... more details
on the specific router implementation, the table in which the destination address is looked up could be the routing table also known as the routing information base, RIB , or a separate forwarding information base FIB that is populated i.e., loaded by the routing control plane , but used by the forwarding plane to look up packets, at very high speed, and decide how to handle them. Before or after ... Control Protocol TCP or User Datagram Protocol UDP port number. Forwarding plane functions run ... or encryption, it may go onto a slower path, which is sometimes called the services plane of the router ... plane and management processing. Benchmarking performance In the Internet Engineering Task Force , two ... protocols. Early uniprocessing routers usually organized the FIB as a hash table , while the RIB might ... access to the full routing table. Depending on the router design, a cache miss might cause an update ... the main processor, and then repopulate the cache with a new table that included the destination that caused ... more details
Image frenet.png thumb 300px right A space curve, Frenet E2 80 93Serret formulas Frenet Serret frame , and the osculating plane spanned by T and N . In mathematics , particularly in differential geometry , an osculating plane is a plane mathematics plane in a Euclidean space or affine space which meets a submanifold at a point in such a way as to have a second order of contact mathematics contact at the point. The word osculate is from the Latin language Latin osculatus which is a past participle of osculari , meaning to kiss . An osculating plane is thus a plane which kisses a submanifold. The osculating plane in the geometry of Euclidean space curves can be described in terms of the Frenet Serret formulas as the linear span of the tangent and normal vectors. See also Differential geometry of curves Special Frenet vectors and generalized curvatures . Category Differential geometry differential geometry stub ja nn Oskulerande plan sl Pritisnjena ravnina zh ... more details
In mathematics, a Moufang plane , named for Ruth Moufang , is a type of projective plane , characterised by the property that the group of automorphisms fixing all points of any given line acts transitively on the points not on the line. In other words, symmetries fixing a line allow all the other points to be treated as the same, geometrically. Every Desarguesian plane is a Moufang plane, and as a consequence of the Artin Zorn theorem every finite Moufang plane is Desarguesian, but some infinite Moufang planes are non Desarguesian plane s. The projective plane over any alternative division ring is a Moufang plane, and this gives a 1 1 correspondence between isomorphism classes of alternative division rings and Moufang planes. The following conditions on a projective plane P are equivalent P a is Moufang plane. The group of automorphisms fixing all points of any given line acts transitively on the points not on the line. The group of automorphisms acts transitively on quadrangles. Any two ternary ring s of the plane are isomorphic. Some ternary ring of the plane is an alternative division ring. P is isomorphic to the projective plane over an alternative division ring. References Citation author1 link Jacques Tits last1 Tits first1 Jacques last2 Weiss first2 Richard M. title Moufang polygons publisher Springer Verlag location Berlin, New York series Springer Monographs in Mathematics isbn 978 3 540 43714 7 id MathSciNet id 1938841 year 2002 Citation last1 Weibel first1 Charles title Survey of Non Desarguesian Planes url http www.ams.org notices 200710 year 2007 journal Notices of the AMS volume 54 issue 10 pages 1294 1303 External links H. Klein http www.math.uni kiel.de geometrie klein math geometry moufang.html Moufang planes Category Projective geometry de Moufangebene ... more details
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