Taxobox image Red necked Crake kuranda.jpg status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis bird Aves ordo Gruiformes familia Rallidae genus Rallina species R. tricolor binomial Rallina tricolor binomial authority John Edward Gray Gray , 1858 synonyms Tomirdus tricolor Verify source date January 2010 the whole of tricolor, or just some sspp.? Tomirdus tricolor does not yet redirect here, pending confirmation small Gray, 1858 small The Red necked Crake Rallina tricolor is a waterbird in the rail and crake family Rallidae . Description The Red necked crake is a large crake length 25 cm, wingspan 40 cm, weight 200 g . Its head, neck and breast are red brown, with a paler version of that color on the throat. The upperparts are grey brown, while the underparts are grey brown with pale barring. The underwing is barred black and white, the bill green, and the legs grey brown. Distribution and habitat Red necked crakes live in the Moluccas , Lesser Sundas , New Guinea lowlands and adjacent islands, and north eastern Australia . They are found in tropical rainforest s and dense vegetation close to permanent wetland s. Behaviour Diet The bird s diet consists of amphibian s, aquatic invertebrate s, crustacean s and mollusc s. Breeding The bird rests on or close to ground in dense vegetation. It lays clutches of 3 5 dull white eggs, the Avian incubation incubation periods of which are around 20 days. The chicks emerge covered in black down feather down , precocial and nidifugous . Voice The crake makes repetitive clicking calls and soft grunts. Conservation With a large range and no evidence of significant decline, this species is assessed as being of Least Concern . The species is little studied and seldom seen due to its secretive nature, but appears to be locally common in New Guinea. In Australia it has suffered declines due to habitat loss. References Commons category Rallina tricolor wikispecies Rallina tricolor need to update ta ... more details
Taxobox name Spot bellied Bobwhite image Colinus leucopogon 1849.jpg image width image caption status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata subphylum Vertebrate Vertebrata classis Bird Aves ordo Galliformes familia New World quail Odontophoridae genus Colinus species C. leucopogon binomial Colinus leucopogon binomial authority Ren Primev re Lesson Lesson , 1842 The Spot bellied Bobwhite , Colinus leucopogon , is a ground dwelling bird in the New World quail family. It is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the Crested Bobwhite , Colinus cristatus . As the latter species expands north into Costa Rica , it is likely that the two species will overlap in range in the future, but the Costa Rican subspecies of Spot bellied is the least similar to Crested. The Spot bellied Bobwhite occurs in El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , Nicaragua and Costa Rica in open savanna with bushes and trees and other open woodland. Description This species is 22 24 cm long and shows geographically variable male plumage amongst its six subspecies. All forms have a brown back with black spotting on the nape. The head has a white supercilium , a dark line through the eye, a white or brown throat and a short crest. The lower belly is spotted but the rest of the underparts are pale, entirely spotted, or spotted with a rufous chest depending on the subspecies. The male weighs 140 g on average. The female is duller than the male with a buff supercilium and mottled throat her average weight is 115 g. The song, most often given by males in spring and summer, is a rising, scratchy, bob Wight or bob bob White . Behaviour The Spot bellied Bobwhite forms coveys , groups of three to 15 birds during the non breeding season. Both males and females incubate nests, with most nests predominantly incubated by females. About 10 white eggs are laid. The chicks are precocial and will leave the nest approximately 24 hours after hatching. This shy species feeds on seeds and ins ... more details
20 25 days. The precocial chicks leave the nest as soon as the last one to hatch is dry. They are capable ..., precocial downy young and egg colouration though not shape closely resemble those of many Charadriiformes ... more details
Taxobox name Junglefowl image Stavenn Gallus varius 0.jpg image width 240px image caption Green Junglefowl , Gallus varius cock regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Bird Aves ordo Galliformes familia Phasianidae subfamilia Phasianinae genus Gallus genus authority Mathurin Jacques Brisson Brisson , 1760 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Gallus gallus Gallus lafayetii Gallus sonneratii Gallus varius Junglefowl are the four living species of bird from the genus Gallus in the Gallinaceous bird order, which occur in India , Sri Lanka , Southeast Asia and Indonesia . These are large birds, with colourful male Feather plumage , but are nevertheless difficult to see in the dense vegetation they inhabit. As with many birds in the pheasant family, the male takes no part in the incubation of the Egg biology egg or rearing of the precocial young. These duties are performed by the drab and well camouflage d female. The junglefowl are seed eaters, but insect s are also taken, particularly by the young birds. One of the species in this genus, the Red Junglefowl, is of historical importance as the likely ancestor of the domesticated chicken , although it has been suggested the Grey Junglefowl was also involved. ref Eriksson J, Larson G, Gunnarsson U, Bed hom B, Tixier Boichard M, et al. 2008 Identification of the Yellow Skin Gene Reveals a Hybrid Origin of the Domestic Chicken. PLoS Genet January 23, 2008 http genetics.plosjournals.org perlserv ?request get document&doi 10.1371 2Fjournal.pgen.1000010.eor&ct 1 . ref The Sri Lanka Junglefowl is the National Bird of Sri Lanka . Species Red Junglefowl , Gallus gallus Sri Lanka Junglefowl , Gallus lafayetii Grey Junglefowl , Gallus sonneratii Green Junglefowl , Gallus varius Prehistorically, the genus Gallus was found all over Eurasia in fact it appears to have evolved in southeastern Europe. Several fossil species have been described, but their distinctness is not firmly established in all cases Gallus aesculapii Late ... more details
Taxobox name Double striped Thick knee status LC status system IUCN3.1 image Double striped Thick knee.jpg image caption At the Milwaukee County Zoological Gardens regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Aves ordo wader Charadriiformes familia Burhinidae genus Burhinus species B. bistriatus binomial Burhinus bistriatus binomial authority Johann Georg Wagler Wagler , 1829 The Double striped Thick knee , Burhinus bistriatus , is a Stone curlew , a group of wader s in the family Burhinidae . It is a resident breeder in Central America Central and South America from southern Mexico south to Colombia , Venezuela and northern Brazil . It also occurs on Hispaniola and some of the Venezuelan islands, and is a very rare Vagrancy biology vagrant to Trinidad , Cura ao and the United States USA . This is a largely Nocturnal animal nocturnal and crepuscular species of arid grassland , savanna , and other dry, open habitats. The nest is a bare scrape into which two olive brown eggs are laid and incubated by both adults for 25 27 days to hatching. The downy young are Precoces precocial and soon leave the nest. The Double striped Thick knee is a medium large wader with a strong black and yellow bill, large yellow eyes, which give it a reptilian appearance, and cryptic plumage. The scientific genus name refers to the prominent joints in the long greenish grey legs, and bistriatus to the two stripes of the head pattern. The adult is about 46 50 cm long and weighs about 780 785 g. It has finely streaked grey brown upperparts, and a paler brown neck and breast merging into the white belly. The head has a strong white supercilium bordered above by a black stripe. Juveniles are similar to adults, but have slightly darker brown upperparts and a whitish nape. Double striped Thick knee is striking in flight, with a white patch on the dark upperwing, and a white underwing with a black rear edge. However, it avoids flying, relying on crouching and camouflage for concealment. The son ... more details
Italictitle Taxobox name Nemicolopterus fossil range Fossil range 120 Early Cretaceous image Nemicolopterus.jpg image width image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Reptile Sauropsida ordo Pterosauria subordo Pterodactyloidea unranked familia Dsungaripteroidea genus Nemicolopterus genus authority Wang et al. , 2008 subdivision ranks Species subdivision N. crypticus small Wang et al. , 2008 type species type small Nemicolopterus is a genus of Pterodactyloidea pterodactyloid pterosaur , described in 2008. The type species type and only known species is N. crypticus . It lived in the Jehol Biota 120 million years ago. Its wingspan of slightly under 25 centimeters 10 in makes it smaller than any but a few specimens of hatchling pterosaurs. ref Wang, X., Kellner, A.W.A., Zhou, Z., and Campos, D.A. 2008 . Discovery of a rare arboreal forest dwelling flying reptile Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea from China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 106 6 1983 1987. doi 10.1073 pnas.0707728105 ref The specimen is not fully grown, but Wang et al. 2008 cite the amount of bone fusion and the ossification of the toes, gastralia and sternum to indicate that it was a sub adult rather than a hatchling. Darren Naish argued on his popular weblog that, due to the fact pterosaurs are highly precocial , bone fusion and ossification could occur very early, and Nemicolopterus might in fact be a hatchling individual of the genus Sinopterus . ref Darren Naish, http scienceblogs.com tetrapodzoology 2008 03 tiny pterosaurs pacman frogs.php Tiny pterosaurs and pac man frogs from hell , March 19, 2008 ref The Genus generic name Nemicolopterus comes from the Greek words as follows. Nemos means forest , ikolos means dweller , and pteros means wing . The species specific name crypticus is from kryptos , meaning hidden . Thus Nemicolopterus crypticus means Hidden flying forest dweller . N. crypticus is known from one fossil, given the catalog number IVP ... more details
Taxobox name Maiacetus fossil range Fossil range Middle Eocene image Maiacetus.jpg image width 250px image caption Maiacetus skeleton cast in the National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Museum regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Cetacea subordo Archaeoceti familia Protocetidae subfamilia Protocetinae genus Maiacetus genus authority Gingerich et al. , 2009 subdivision ranks Species subdivision M. inuus small Gingerich et al. , 2009 Type species type small Maiacetus mother whale is a genus of early middle Eocene ca. 47.5 Mya unit mya cetacea n from Pakistan . Paleobiology Image Adult female and fetal Maiacetus.jpg thumb left Adult female and fetal in blue Maiacetus Image Dorudon atrox and Maiacetus inuus.jpg thumb left Skeletons of Dorudon atrox and Maiacetus inuus in swimming pose Image Maiacetus NT.jpg thumb left Restoration The genus contains a single species Maiacetus inuus , first described in 2009 on the basis of two specimens, including a specimen which has been interpreted as a pregnant female and its fetus . ref cite journal author Gingerich PD, Ul Haq M, von Koenigswald W, Sanders WJ, Smith BH, Zalmout IS title New protocetid whale from the middle eocene of pakistan birth on land, precocial development, and sexual dimorphism journal PLoS ONE volume 4 issue 2 pages e4366 year 2009 pmid 19194487 pmc 2629576 doi 10.1371 journal.pone.0004366 url http dx.plos.org 10.1371 journal.pone.0004366 ref This represents the first description of a fetal skeleton of an Archaeoceti archaeocete . The position of the fetus head first suggests that these whales gave birth on land. ref name SN http www.sciencenews.org view generic id 40547 title Earliest whales gave birth on land Earliest whales gave birth on land , Science News , 3 February 2009 ref Whales generally give birth tail first, while all land mammals give birth head first. That the Maiacetus should give birth on land is not so implausible because this whale is semiaquatic or amphib ... more details
Use dmy dates date April 2012 Taxobox name Sunbittern image Eurypyga helias Smithsonian National Zoological Park, USA 8.jpg image width image caption At Smithsonian National Zoological Park , USA image2 Eurypyga helias Tulsa Zoo USA 8a.jpg image2 caption status LC status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref IUCN2008 assessors BirdLife International year 2008 id 143744 title Eurypyga helias downloaded 21 November 2008 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Aves infraclassis Neognathae ordo Eurypygiformes familia Eurypygidae familia authority Prideaux John Selby Selby , 1840 genus Eurypyga genus authority Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger Illiger , 1811 species E. helias binomial Eurypyga helias binomial authority Peter Simon Pallas Pallas , 1781 The Sunbittern , Eurypyga helias is a bittern like bird of tropical regions of the Americas, and the Monotypic taxon sole member of the family biology family Eurypygidae sometimes spelled Eurypigidae and genus Eurypyga . Description and reproduction File Eurypyga helias2.JPG thumb left Camouflaging coloration File Song of Eurypyga helias.ogg thumb left Song The bird has a generally subdued coloration, with fine linear patterns of black, grey and brown. Its remiges however have vividly colored middle webs, which with wings fully spread show bright eyespots in red, yellow, and black. These are shown to other sunbitterns in courtship and threat displays, or used to startle potential predators. Like some other birds, the Sunbittern has powder down . They build open nests in trees, and lay two eggs with blotched markings. The young are precocial , but remain in the nest for several weeks after hatching. ref name EoB cite book editor Forshaw, Joseph author Archibald, George W. year 1991 title Encyclopaedia of Animals Birds publisher Merehurst Press location London pages 100 isbn 1 85391 186 0 ref Distribution and habitat The Sunbittern s range biology range extends from Guatemala to Brazil . The species may also be present in southern Mex ... more details
Taxobox name Crested Partridge status NT status system IUCN3.1 image Crested Wood Partridge Rollulus rouloul , male and female.jpg image caption Pair at Zurich Zoo , Switzerland regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Bird Aves ordo Galliformes familia Phasianidae subfamilia Perdicinae genus Rollulus genus authority Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre Bonnaterre , 1791 species R. rouloul binomial Rollulus rouloul binomial authority Giovanni Antonio Scopoli Scopoli , 1786 The Crested Partridge Rollulus rouloul also known as the Crested Wood Partridge, Roul roul, Red crowned Wood Partridge or Green Wood Partridge is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes , gallinaceous birds. It is the Monotypic taxon only member of the genus Rollulus . This small partridge is a resident breeder in lowland rainforest s in south Burma , south Thailand , Malaysia , Sumatra and Borneo . Its nest is a ground scrape lined with leaves, which is concealed under a heap of leaf litter. Five or six white Bird egg eggs are incubated for 18 days. Unusually for a Galliformes galliform species, the young are fed bill to bill by both parents instead of pecking from the ground, and although precoces precocial , they roost in the Bird nest nest while small. Crested Partridge is a rotund short tailed bird, 25 cm in length, with the male marginally larger than the female. Both sexes have a scarlet patch of bare skin around the eye and red legs without a spur or hind toe. The male is metallic green above with glossy dark blue underparts and a brownish wing panel. The head is adorned with a tall red crest, a white forehead spot and black frontal bristles. The female has pea green body plumage apart from the brown wing Covert feather coverts . She has a slate grey head with the bristles but no spot or crest. The beak bill is all dark. Young birds are duller versions of the adult of the same sex. The song is a mournful whistled si ul . The Crested Partridge is usually see ... more details
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