Symbols of the FrenchRepublic are emblems of the French nation, and are the cornerstone of the republican tradition. The national emblems of the French Fifth Republic are The French tricolor The National Anthem La Marseillaise The official motto Libert , Egalit , Fraternit Liberty, Equality, Fraternity Other symbols are Marianne, the allegoric figure of the Frenchrepublic The Great Seal of France The National Order of the Legion of Honor and the National Order of Merit Bastille Day, the French national Holiday celebrated on July 14 The capital letters RF , standing for R publique Fran aise FrenchRepublic The Phrygian cap The Gallic rooster The French Tricolor The Flag of France is tricolor, and consists in three vertical stripes of equal width, colored in royal blue, white, and red. It is the only official French emblem, according to article 2 of the current Constitution of France, adopted in 1958. Image Flag of France.svg thumb center alt French flag. French Flag The National Anthem La Marseillaise Main la Marseillaise The national anthem La Marseillaise has been composed by Rouget ... Main Great Seal of France The Great Seal of France French Grand sceau de la R publique fran aise is the official seal of the FrenchRepublic. The Great Seal features Liberty personnified as a seated ... is surrounded by the legend R PUBLIQUE FRAN AISE, D MOCRATIQUE, UNE ET INDIVISIBLE FrenchRepublic ... embodies the Republic. Her bust is present in every city hall in France. Her face is also drawn on stamps. The name Marianne enabled the French people to take over the newly born Republic, by creating a popular figure with whom French people could easily identify. However, Marianne never had an official ... the words AU NOM DU PEUPLE FRAN AIS in the name of the French people surrounded by a crown of oak symbol ... federations, the rooster has never been an official emblem. Cocorico French for cock a doodle doo is often used as an affirmation of French patriotism, usually in an ironic manner. Category National ... more details
fran aise conventional long name FrenchRepublic common name France ag continent Europe region country France era status status text empire government type Republic event start French Revolution of 1848 French Revolution year start 1848 date start 23 February event end Second French Empire Empire reestablished year end 1852 date end 2 December event1 French Constitution of 1848 Constitution adopted date event1 4 November 1848 event2 French coup of 1851 Coup of 1851 date event2 2 December 1851 event3 date event3 p1 July Monarchy flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 Second French Empire flag ... image map France1848.PNG image map caption Map of the French Second Republic capital Paris national ... a formidable instrument of reaction and this was proved by the election of the president of the Republic. Constitution The French Constitution of 1848 new constitution , proclaiming a democratic republic ... temporal power and the Frenchpresident run to establish the power and prestige of France against ... only accepted span lang fr Louis Napol on span as president in opposition to the Republic and as a step ... States and territories established in 1848 Category French Second Republic Category Former countries ... Marseillaise br small The Song of Marseille small common languages French language French currency French Franc Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies title leader List of heads of state of France Head of State leader1 Jacques Charles Dupont year leader1 1848 leader2 French ... stat year1 stat area1 stat pop1 stat year2 stat pop2 political subdiv today flag France footnotes The French Second Republic was the republican government of France between the Revolutions of 1848 in France ... span which initiated the Second French Empire Second Empire . It officially adopted the motto span lang fr Libert , galit , Fraternit span . The Second Republic witnessed the tension between the Social and Democratic Republic lang fr la R publique d mocratique et sociale and a liberal form of Republic ... more details
name FrenchRepublic common name France, Republic 1 continent Europe region Western Europe country France era empire government type Republic year start 1792 year end 1804 event pre Storming of the Bastille and French Revolution date pre 14 July 1789 event start The Legislative Assembly and the fall of the French monarchy Overthrow of Louis XVI of France Louis XVI date start 21 September event1 Committee ... 1800.png image map caption French First Republic c.1800 capital Paris national motto Libert , galit ... assembly Assembly legislature National Convention br French Directory br French Consulate File France 1800.jpg thumb 300px Map of France by Louis Capitaine 1800 The French First Republic lang ... Convention . The First Republic lasted until the declaration of the First French Empire in 1804 under ... a new constitution. The Convention s first act was to establish the French First Republic ... Jordan. The French Revolution videorecording libert , egalit , fraternit , a new republic is born ... Republic and launching the age of the French First Empire . References Reflist 2 French Revolution ... 1 Category Former republics France, Republic 1 Category French Revolution Category Government of France ... of 18 Brumaire date event3 9 November 1799 event end Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of the French ... p1 Flag of France 1790 1794 .svg s1 First French Empire flag s1 Flag of France.svg flag Flag of France ... in Modern French year 2011 publisher Taylor & Francis location New York isbn 978 1 136 82573 6 page ... languages French currency French Franc leader1 National Convention br small with Maximilien Robespierre leading the Convention small year leader1 1792 1795 leader2 French Directory Directory br small with Paul Barras leading the Directory small year leader2 1795 1799 leader3 French Consulate Consulate ... Convention and the infamous Reign of Terror , the founding of the French Directory Directory and the Thermidorian Reaction , and finally, the creation of the French Consulate Consulate ... more details
date end 14 October p2 Vichy France flag p2 Flag of France.svg p3 Free French Forces flag p3 Flag of Free France 1940 1944.svg s1 French Fourth Republic flag s1 Flag of France.svg image flag Flag of France.svg ... Government of the FrenchRepublic gouvernement provisoire de la R publique fran aise or GPRF was an provisional ... of Vichy France and prior to the Fourth FrenchRepublic . Following the Battle of France in 1940 ... List of Chairmen of the Provisional Government of the FrenchRepublic Charles de Gaulle , 1944 1946 F lix Gouin French Section of the Workers International SFIO , 1946 Georges Bidault Popular Republican Movement MRP , 1946 L on Blum French Section of the Workers International SFIO , 1946 1947 References reflist coord missing France France topics DEFAULTSORT Provisional Government Of The FrenchRepublic Category France in World War II Category States and territories established in 1944 Category Political history of France Category Provisional governments FrenchRepublic, Provisional Government ... French currency French Franc title leader Chairman leader1 Charles de Gaulle year leader1 1944 1946 leader2 F lix Gouin French Section of the Workers International SFIO year leader2 1946 leader3 Georges Bidault People s Republican Movement MRP year leader3 1946 leader4 L on Blum French Socialist Party ... The GPRF was dominated by the Three parties tripartisme alliance between the French Communist ... fusill s party of the 85,000 shot because of its leading role in the French Resistance Resistance , the French Section of the Workers International SFIO, socialist party and the Christian democratic ... as a Republic Italy . Along with the acceptance of the Marshall Plan , refused by countries who had ... October 1946 act establishing occupational medicine . It also appointed Commissioner of the Republic ... more details
Of The Military Staff Of The President Of The Republic Category French military staff fr tat major ...The Chief of the Military Staff of the President of the Republic Chef d tat major particulier du pr sident de la R publique is a role in the military of France military and government of France government of France , heading the president of France president s military staff until the French Fifth Republic . Heads of the president s military household 1879 1940 The President of France President s military household maison militaire was formed by president Patrice de Mac Mahon Mac Mahon but not insititutionalised until 1880. This group of officers advised the president on army matters, especially under the French Third Republic matters of ceremony. Such an allocation was useful since it allowed its officers to nourish political contacts in Paris who could aid their army careers. 1879 1886 g n ral de division Fran ois Pitti 1886 1892 g n ral de brigade , then g n ral de division de division Henri Brug re 1892 1894 g n ral de brigade , then g n ral de division de division L on Borius 1894 1895 g n ral de brigade Ulysse Berruyer 1895 1897 g n ral de brigade Charles Tournier 1897 1898 g n ral de brigade Alexis Hagron 1898 1900 g n ral de brigade Maurice Bailloud 1900 1906 g n ral de brigade , then g n ral de division de division mile Dubois 1906 1907 colonel Charles Ebener 1908 1911 capitaine de vaisseau Alexandre Laugier 1911 1913 capitaine de vaisseau Marcel Grandcl ment 1913 1914 g n ral de division Antoine Beaudemoulin 1919 1920 g n ral de division Jean Baptiste P nelon 1920 1924 g n ral de division Henri Lasson 1931 1940 g n ral de corps d arm e Joseph Braconnier President s chief of staff The chef d tat major particulier CEMP was the main military collaborator to the chief of staff, who headed the military overall, acting as an interface with him and playing a vital role in putting into practice nuclear deterrence. The last three CEMPs have gone on to be chef d tat ... more details
Infobox Coat of arms name Coat of arms of the President of the Republic of Macedonia image Coat of arms of the President of Macedonia.svg image width 200 middle middle width middle caption lesser lesser width lesser caption image2 image2 width image2 caption image3 image3 width image3 caption armiger President of the Republic of Macedonia year adopted 2 December 2009 crest torse shield supporters compartment Macedonian Oak motto orders other elements earlier versions use The Coat of arms of the President of the Republic of Macedonia is the official coat of arms of the President of the Republic of Macedonia . It was adopted 2 December 2009, modified by the president Gorge Ivanov and produced by the Macedonian Heraldry Society . The coat of arms is made of the Flag of the Republic of Macedonia on a shield, and bellow the shield there is a wreath of Macedonian Oak with sixteen leaves. The emblem is the work of the Macedonian heraldists Stojan e Veli kovski, Petar Gajdov and Jovan Jonovski all members of the Macedonian Heraldry Society. ref http www.novamakedonija.com.mk NewsDetal.asp?vest 12491014575&id 9&prilog 0&setIzdanie 21854 Nova Makedonija ref See also Flag of the Republic of Macedonia Coat of arms of the Republic of Macedonia Anthem of the Republic of Macedonia Golden Lion of Macedonia Vergina Flag Republic of Macedonia References reflist Symbols of Macedonia DEFAULTSORT Seal Of The President Of The Republic Of Macedonia Category Government of the Republic of Macedonia Category National seals Macedonia mk ... more details
Infobox Political post post Vice President body the br People s Republic of China br insignia National Emblem of the People s Republic of China.svg insigniacaption Emblem of the People s Republic of China image Xi Jinping VOA.jpg incumbent Xi Jinping incumbentsince March 15, 2008 residence Zhongnanhai style appointer the National People s Congress termlength five years, renewable once consecutively ... 15 content 921051.htm Presidency The Vice President of the People s Republic of China zh s ... s Republic of China from 1954 to 1975, or abbreviated Gu ji F Zh x , literally State Vice chairman is a senior position in the government of the People s Republic of China . Selection and Powers The office was created by the Constitution of the People s Republic of China 1982 constitution . Formally, the Vice President is elected by the National People s Congress in accordance with Article ... s Congress, which also theoretically has the power to recall the Vice President. By law, the Vice President must be a Chinese citizen of 45 years of age or older. He or she cannot serve for over two terms, a term being the equivalent of one session of the NPC, which is five years. The Vice President s duties include assisting the President of the People s Republic of China President , and replacing him should he resign or die in office. In reality the position of the Vice President is basically ... Standing Committee , China s main decision makers. Politics of the People s Republic of China See also List of Vice Presidents of the People s Republic of China President of the People s Republic of China Political position ranking of the People s Republic of China Paramount leader List of current Vice Presidents External links http english.gov.cn links presidency.htm The President s Official Website Vice Presidents of the People s Republic of China People s Republic of China politics Category Government of the People s Republic of China cs Viceprezident nsk lidov republiky de Vizepr sident ... more details
states DEFAULTSORT President Of The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Category Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Category Politics of Western Sahara Category Presidents of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic WesternSahara stub fr Pr sidents de la R publique arabe sahraouie d mocratique ...noreferences date January 2012 Infobox Political post post President body the br Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic insignia Coat of arms of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg insigniasize 125px insigniacaption Coat of arms of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic nativename image Mohamed Abdelaziz, 2005.jpg imagesize 165px incumbent Mohamed Abdelaziz incumbentsince 16 October 1982 style residence Sahrawi refugee camps , Tindouf , Algeria appointer termlength formation 29 February 1976 succession inaugural El Ouali Mustapha Sayed deputy salary website Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic The President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is the head of state of the self proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic SADR , an exile government based in the refugee camps of Tindouf , Algeria . From the declaration of independence on February 27, 1976 to October 16, 1982 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic SADR s Head of State was known as the Chairman of the Revolutionary Council . The powers of the presidency are extensive, and while they have been subject to modification in various constitutional amendments, the last occurring in 1995, the post of the president has been held by Mohamed Abdelaziz since 1976. Heads of State of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1976 Present ... top colspan 5 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic valign top colspan 5 ... to Present Mohamed Abdelaziz , small President small Affiliations POLISARIO Polisario Front Popular ... of colonial heads of Spanish Sahara Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic External links http www.flickr.com photos presidentedelarasd President of the SADR photo gallery http www.worldstatesmen.org ... more details
Infobox Court Case name Satchwell v President of the Republic of South Africa court Constitutional Court of South Africa image imagesize imagelink imagealt caption full name Satchwell v President of the Republic of South Africa and Another date decided 25 July 2002 citations cite SAFLII court ZACC year 2002 num 18 parallelcite 2002 9 BCLR 986, 2002 6 SA 1 transcripts judges Chief Justice of South Africa Chief Justice Arthur Chaskalson Chaskalson , Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa Deputy Chief Justice Pius Langa Langa , Justices Lourens Ackermann Ackermann , Richard Goldstone Goldstone , Johann Kriegler Kriegler , Tholie Madala Madala , Sandile Ngcobo Ngcobo , Kate O Regan O Regan , Acting Justices Ben du Plessis Du Plessis , Thembile Skweyiya Skweyiya number of judges 10 decision by Justice Madala prior actions appealed from Transvaal Provincial Division appealed to subsequent actions cite SAFLII court ZACC year 2003 num 2 date 17 March 2003 courtname Constitutional Court related actions opinions keywords italic title force Satchwell v President of the Republic of South Africa and Another is a 2002 decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa which determined that the same sex life partner of a judge was entitled to the same financial benefits available to the opposite sex spouse of a judge. The case, which challenged the Judges Remuneration and Conditions of Employment Act, 1989 , was brought by Kathy Satchwell , an openly lesbian judge of the Transvaal Provincial Division now known as the North Gauteng High Court . ref name news24 1 cite news title ConCourt rules in favour of gays newspaper News24 agency SAPA date 25 July 2002 url http www.news24.com xArchive Archive ConCourt rules in favour of gays 20020725 accessdate 1 August 2011 ref The court ruled unanimously that the law violated the Section Nine of the Constitution of South Africa equality clause of the Bill of Rights South Africa Bill of Rights , which forbids unfair discrimination on the basis ... more details
Infobox former political post political office President of the Executive Council country Socialist Republic of Croatia insignia insigniasize insigniacaption image imagesize caption predecessor Office established successor Office abolished first officeholder Pavle Gregori last officeholder Antun Milovi style residence Banski dvori appointer began 7 March 1945 ended 30 May 1990 pretender In the Socialist Republic of Croatia , which was at the time a federal republic in SFR Yugoslavia Yugoslavia , a single party system was in place. During this time there were twelve heads of government, all from the ranks of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia KPJ , which was reformed and renamed into the League of Communists of Yugoslavia SKJ in 1952. The federal party was organized into six sub organizations the republic parties, one for each of the six federal republics. Croatian politicians and prime ministers of the period were members of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia through their membership in the League of Communists of Croatia SKH , the Croatian part of the federal party as was respectively the case with all Yugoslav politicians . legend2 League of Communists of Yugoslavia meta color League of Communists of Yugoslavia border 1px solid AAAAAA legend2 League of Communists of Yugoslavia meta color League of Communists of Croatia border 1px solid AAAAAA class wikitable style text align center No. colspan 2 Head of Government width Lifespan colspan 2 Term of office Party Notes align center colspan 8 Minister for Croatia br small 1945 small style background League of Communists of Yugoslavia meta color width 1em color white N A style width 1em File Noimage.png 100px Pavle Gregori ... at one time held the positions of President of the Assembly of SR Croatia Speaker of the Sabor of Croatia ... width 18em small Also at one time President of the Presidency of Croatia , and last Prime Minister of Yugoslavia ... SKJ splintered in January 1990 into its republic member parties, in Croatia the League of Communists ... more details
Jules Gr vy French Second Republic Left Republican 0.16 1879 Presidential election class wikitable style font size 95 colspan 2 Candidate Party Round 1 bgcolor FF4040 Jules Gr vy French Second Republic Left Republican 78.96 bgcolor khaki Alfred Chanzy Military 13.88 bgcolor FF4040 Leon Gambetta French Second Republic Left Republican 0.70 bgcolor khaki Paul de Ladmirault ... FF4040 Jules Gr vy French Second Republic Left Republican 54.06 bgcolor 0080FF Henri Brisson Centrist 8.01 bgcolor FF4040 Charles de Freycinet French Second Republic Left Republican ... colspan 2 Candidate Party Round 1 bgcolor FF4040 Marie Fran ois Sadi Carnot French Second Republic ... Round 1 bgcolor FF4040 Jean Casimir Perier French Second Republic Moderate Republican 53.00 ... Fran ois Arago French Second Republic Republican 3.17 bgcolor gray Others 2.59 1895 ... 1.76 bgcolor gray Others 4.84 See also Presidential elections in the IV RepublicFrench presidential election, 1947 French presidential election, 1953 Presidential elections in the V RepublicFrench ...Unreferenced date October 2006 Disputed date July 2010 French Presidential elections under the French Third Republic Third Republic involved the election of the President of France by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The President was thus elected by Indirect election indirect universal suffrage . Since the Third Republic was a parliamentary system , the President had much fewer powers than under the current French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic , where the president is elected under universal suffrage . Besides, since the May 16, 1877 crisis , the President was prevented, by custom, to use his right of dissolution of parliament . Thus, no president used it after Patrice de Mac Mahon Mac ... League 77.91 bgcolor E75480 Gustave Delory French Section of the Workers International Socialist ... Socialist Party 35.93 bgcolor red Z phyrin Cam linat French Communist Party Communist ... more details
for the New Republic br small UNR small colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Union of Democrats for the Republic Group French Senate Union of Democrats for the Republic br small UDR small colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Rally for the Republic Group French Senate Rally for the Republic ...merge to Union for the New Republic date February 2012 The Union for the New Republic Group lang fr Groupe de l Union pour la Nouvelle R publique , UNR was a gaullism gaullist parliamentary group in the French Senate . History of the Group Workforce French Senate election, 1959 First Senate election 37 seats 12,0 French Senate election, 1962 Second Senate election 32 seats 11,7 French Senate election, 1965 Third Senate election 30 seats 10,9 Members Under the French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic , 39 senators was affiliated to the UNR Group and 11 of them were Muslims or with Muslims Muslim origins . ref http www.senat.fr anciens senateurs 5eme republique unr.html Groupe de l Union pour la Nouvelle R publique ref Presidents Maurice Bayrou , October 1962 October 1965 Succession In French Senate election, 1968 1968 , the UNR Group was merged into the Union of Democrats for the Republic Group French Senate Union of Democrats for the Republic Group . ref http www.senat.fr evenement archives D50 groupes.pdf Senate Groups since 1959 ref See also Union for the New Republic References Reflist align center cellspacing 0 cellpadding 0 rules cols style margin top 1em margin bottom 1em background color f7f8ff padding 0 border 1px solid 8888aa border right width 1px border bottom width 1px text align center style background BFC5F9 border bottom 1px solid 8888aa valign middle width 100 style background BFC5F9 Chronology of the Gaullist groups in the Senate class WSerieH align center width 100 rules rows cellspacing 0 cellpadding 2 style background color f7f8ff padding 2px text align center ... sub 1977 sub colspan 2 width 13 align left sub 2002 sub French Senate France Senate Groups Category ... more details
merge to Union of Democrats for the Republic date February 2012 The Union of Democrats for the Republic Group lang fr Groupe d Union des D mocrates pour la R publique , UDR was a gaullism gaullist parliamentary group in the French Senate . History of the Group Workforce Empty section date January 2012 Members Empty section date January 2012 Presidents Empty section date January 2012 Succession In French Senate election, 1977 1977 , the UDR Group was merged into the Rally for the Republic Group . ref http www.senat.fr evenement archives D50 groupes.pdf Senate Groups since 1959 ref See also Union of Democrats for the Republic References Reflist align center cellspacing 0 cellpadding 0 rules cols style margin top 1em margin bottom 1em background color f7f8ff padding 0 border 1px solid 8888aa border right width 1px border bottom width 1px text align center style background BFC5F9 border bottom 1px solid 8888aa valign middle width 100 style background BFC5F9 Chronology of the Gaullist groups in the Senate class WSerieH align center width 100 rules rows cellspacing 0 cellpadding 2 style background color f7f8ff padding 2px text align center white space nowrap border right 1px solid 8888aa colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Union for the New Republic Group French Senate Union for the New Republic br small UNR small colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Union of Democrats for the Republic br small UDR small colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Rally for the Republic Group French Senate Rally for the Republic br small RPR small colspan 2 style border right 1px solid 8888aa Union for a Popular Movement Group Union for a Popular Movement br small UMP small style background eeeeff colspan 2 width 13 align left sub 1959 sub colspan 2 width 13 align left sub 1968 sub colspan 2 width 13 align left sub 1977 sub colspan 2 width 13 align left sub 2002 sub French Senate France Senate Groups Category Parliamentary groups in France ... more details
President of Fiji Fiji President of Finland Finland President of the FrenchRepublic France td td valign ... French Third Republic Third and the French Fourth Republic Fourth Republics , the President of the Council ..., President today is a common title for the head of state heads of state of most republic s, whether ... French system. In this system, as in the Parliamentary system, there are both a president and a prime ... of the French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic by Charles de Gaulle , are used in France , Finland ... of Cape Verde Cape Verde President of the Central African Republic Central African RepublicPresident of Chad Chad President of Chile Chile President of the People s Republic of China People s Republic of China President of Colombia Colombia President of Comoros Comoros President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo, Democratic Republic of the President of the Republic of the Congo Congo, Republic of the President of Costa Rica Costa Rica President of C te d Ivoire C te d Ivoire President of Croatia Croatia President of Cuba Cuba President of Cyprus Cyprus President of the Czech Republic Czech RepublicPresident of Djibouti Djibouti President of Dominica Dominica President of the Dominican Republic Dominican RepublicPresident of East Timor East Timor President of Ecuador Ecuador ... of the Italian Republic Italy President of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan President of Kenya Kenya President ... President of Lithuania Lithuania President of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonia President of Madagascar ... Suriname President of the Swiss Confederation Switzerland President of Syria Syria President of Republic of China Taiwan Republic of China President of Tajikistan Tajikistan President of Tanzania ... of Kosovo President of the Republic of China Taiwan President of Northern Cyprus President of Somaliland President of Abkhazia President of South Ossetia President of Nagorno Karabakh RepublicPresident of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicPresident of Transnistria List of heads of state of the Soviet ... more details
Women s Legal Centre Trust v President of the Republic of South Africa , ref 2009 6 SA 94 CC . ref an important case in South African law , was heard in the Constitutional Court ref Langa CJ, Moseneke DCJ, Cameron J, Mokgoro J, Ngcobo J, Nkabinde J, O regan J, Sachs J, Skweyiya J and Yacoob J. ref on May 20, 2009, with judgment handed down on July 22, 2009. Facts The court had to determine whether Parliament and the President had failed in their exclusive constitutional obligation to enact legislation governing Muslim marriages. Judgment The court found that the obligation in fact did not fall exclusively on Parliament and the President, and that, in terms of the Constitution, ref s 167 4 e . ref the court did not have exclusive jurisdiction to entertain the application. The question, therefore, of whether or not Parliament and the President are under an obligation even if not exclusive to recognise Muslim marriage, and whether or not such legislation would be consistent with the Constitution, ref s 9. ref ref s 10. ref ref s 15. ref ref s 31. ref went unanswered. See also Daniels v Campbell South African family law References Cases Women s Legal Centre Trust v President of the Republic of South Africa 2009 6 SA 94 CC . Notes Reflist Category Constitutional Court of South Africa cases Category 2009 in South Africa Category 2009 in case law Category South African family case law SouthAfrica law stub Case law stub ... more details
About the Canadian mountain the Miguel ngel Asturias novel El Se or Presidente other uses President disambiguation Infobox mountain name The President photo President and Vice.jpg photo caption Left to right, The Vice President , President glacier and President elevation m 3123 elevation ref prominence m 658 prominence ref above Kiwetinok Pass location British Columbia British Columbia, Canada range Canadian Rockies coordinates coord 51 30 01 N 116 33 07 W type mountain region CA topo National Topographic System NTS 82N 10 first ascent 1901 by James Outram, Christian Kaufmann and J. Pollinger easiest route scramble The President is a mountain peak on the The President Vice President Massif , just North of Emerald Lake British Columbia Emerald Lake in Yoho National Park , near the Alpine Club of Canada s Stanley Mitchell hut . The President was named Shaugnessy in 1904 by Edward Whymper after Thomas Shaughnessy, 1st Baron Shaughnessy Thomas Shaugnessy , the president of the Canadian Pacific Railway . In 1907, the mountain was renamed by the Alpine Club of Canada, after it was discovered that the name had already been used on a mountain in the Selkirk Mountains Selkirks . External links http www.bivouac.com MtnPg.asp?MtnId 1658 The President at bivouac.com Canadian Rockies DEFAULTSORT President Category Canadian Rockies Category Mountains of British Columbia BritishColumbiaInterior geo stub ?? ... more details
mergeto Nicolas Sarkozy date December 2011 Hyper president or hyperpresident is a nickname used by French media ref cite web url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi europe 7116978.stm title The hyper president s biggest problem date 28 November 2007 work BBC News ref to refer to Nicolas Sarkozy FrenchPresident Sarkozy after his 2007 French presidential election election as President of the Republic in May 2007. It is a portmanteau of hyper and president to insist on the desire of President Sarkozy to control everything. ref L hyper pr sident , Le Monde , 06 Juin 2007 fr Le nouveau pr sident de la R publique a marqu des points gr ce son style direct, son art de la communication, son omnipr sence sur tous les fronts int rieurs et ext rieurs, sa volont affich e d engager les r formes promises ref Whereas in the history of the French Fifth Republic Fifth Republic , the successive presidents were traditionally focused on the foreign policy of the country and on international relations, leaving the Prime Minister and the government to determine the domestic policy, as the Constitution of the French Fifth Republic Constitution states it ref cite web url http www.conseil constitutionnel.fr conseil constitutionnel root bank mm anglais constiution anglais oct2009.pdf title Constitution of 4 october 1958 work Conseil Constitutionnel en ref , Nicolas Sarkozy appeared to determine both the foreign and domestic policy. As soon as the beginning of his Presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy presidency , Nicolas Sarkozy was compared to Napol on Bonaparte and Louis XIV . Indeed, he appointed a very close friend of his, Fran ois Fillon , as a Prime Minister. ref cite web url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi europe 6664565.stm title Sarkozy names ally Fillon as PM date 17 May 2007 work BBC News ref Fran ois Fillon was accused of being an instrument of the President s power. References reflist Category French words and phrases ... more details
as their chief executive. The first European president was the President of the FrenchRepublicPresident of the French Second Republic of 1848. The First FrenchRepublic First Republic had harkened back to the ancient Roman Republic by appointing several consul s at its head. The first Africa n President was the President of Liberia 1848 , while the first Asia n president was the President of the Republic ... called the President in this sense. However the most common modern usage is as the title of a head of state in a republic. History In pre revolutionary France , the president of a Parlement ... of the term president to designate a single person who is the head of state of a republic can be traced ... resembles the older French custom of referring to the president of a parlement as Monsieur le Pr sident , a form of address that in modern France applies to both the President of the FrenchRepublicPresident of the Republic and to chief judges. Similarly, the Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons ... Jenkins Roberts as president. 1848 After the fall of King Louis Philippe France proclaims its French Second Republic Second Republic with a president as the new head of state. 1910 The monarchy of Portugal is deposed and the post President of Portugal is created. 1912 The Republic of China is founded ...unreferenced date September 2011 other president disambiguation The word president is derived from the Latin ... Oxford and University of Cambridge Cambridge from 1464 and the founding President of the Royal Society William Brouncker in 1660. This usage survives today in the title of such offices as President of the Board of Trade and Lord President of the Council in the United Kingdom , as well as President of the Senate one of the roles constitutionally assigned to the Vice President of the United ... . The post of first president premier pr sident , however, could only be held by the King of France King s nominees. The Parlements were abolished by the French Revolution . In modern France the chief ... more details
FrenchRepublic , and his eventual defeat allowed the victorious monarchies to put an end .... Maryanne Cline Horowitz. Vol. 5. Detroit Charles Scribner s Sons, 2005. ref The Second FrenchRepublic was created in 1848, and the Third FrenchRepublic in 1871. Spain briefly became the First Spanish ... President of the Republic of China Yuan Shikai and the provisional President of the Republic ...Hatnote For the political ideology, see Republicanism . For other uses, see Republic disambiguation . Forms of government A republic is a form of government in which the government is officially apportioned ... 1748 , Bk. II, ch. 1. ref ref name Britannica cite encyclopedia title Republic encyclopedia Encyclop dia Britannica ref In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of state is not a monarch . ref name WordNet citation title republic journal WordNet ... republic ref ref name M W cite encyclopedia title Republic encyclopedia Merriam Webster url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary republic accessdate August 14, 2010 ref The word republic is derived ... was the Roman Republic , which referred to Rome in between the period when it had kings, and the periods ... to that of the Roman Republic. An example of this is Sparta , which had two kings but was not considered .... ref Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws , Bk. II, ch. 2 3. ref Most often a republic is a Sovereignty ... Soviet Socialist Republic s. Origin of the term In Medieval Northern Italy , a number of city ... as public matter . ref name Ideas2099 Republic New Dictionary of the History of Ideas. Ed. Maryanne ... and Philip Pettit. eds. Cambridge Blackwell, 1995. ref Today the term republic still most commonly ..., such as heredity or divine right of kings divine right . This remains the primary definition of republic ... writers, translated politeia as res publica and it was in turn translated by Renaissance scholars as republic .... In Greek language Greek it was titled Politeia and in English is thus known as The Republic Plato ... more details
wiktionary president confused Precedent A president is a top executive officer of a government or of a non governmental organization. President s or The President s may also refer to Titular President title President CSRT , head of a Combatant Status Review Tribunal, in the U.S. military President LDS Church honorific , an honorific title in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints LDS Church that is given to men who hold certain priesthood leadership positions For countries See Category Presidents by country and Category Lists of presidents In transportation SS President , a 19th century transatlantic steamboat President steamboat President steamboat , an American river excursion steamboat USS President , several ships of the US Navy HMS President , several ships of the UK Royal Navy French frigate Pr sident President class frigate Pr sident , the first car made in the Central Europe, manufactured in 1897 in Kop ivnice , nowadays Czech Republic In music The Presidents band , an American ... by Jonathan Coulton The Presidents , a song on Animaniacs In entertainment The President novel The President novel El Se or Presidente , a novel by Miguel ngel Asturias The President El Se or Presidente , a 1970 film adaptation starring Pedro Buchardo The President El Se or Presidente , a 1983 film adaptation directed by Manuel Octavio G mez The President El Se or Presidente , a 2007 film adaptation directed by R mulo Guardia Granier The President TV series The President TV series , a 2010 South ... of the United States, a 3 DVD set documentary published in 2005 President grape , another name for the French wine grape Gouais blanc Presidents game or Asshole , a card game President tree , a Giant Sequoia in California, U.S. The President , a mountain in British Columbia, Canada See also President Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania , U.S. Lookfrom President Lookfrom The President Mr. President ... no President andre betydninger ru ... more details
photo of French s Staff on Alphonse Street in Rochester. Source The Pennant , March, 1964. Brothers Robert and George French bought a flour mill in 1883 in Fairport, New York . It burned down in 1884 and they relocated the flour mill to Rochester, New York . They named their mill the R.T. French Company. Robert French died in 1893 and brother George became company president. George who developed .... ref cite news title President of French Co. Resigns url http news.google.com newspapers?id ZZsrAAAAIBAJ&sjid qPoFAAAAIBAJ&pg 4048,746167&dq rt french widmer&hl en accessdate April 19, 2012 newspaper ...for French mustard Mustard condiment File French s food logo.png right French s is an United States American manufacturer of prepared Mustard condiment mustard condiment. Created by Robert Timothy French , French s Cream Salad Brand mustard debuted to the world at the 1904 St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis Louisiana Purchase Exposition World s Fair . By 1921, French s Mustard had adopted its trademark ... French s mustard in 1904. In 1926 French s was sold to J.J.Coleman later Reckitt Benckiser Reckitt and Coleman of the United Kingdom, ref cite web last Reckitt Benckiser LLC. title French s Mustard ... as a subsidiary of R. T. French to handle sales and distribution of French s, Reckitt, and Coleman ... the nineteen fifties In 1960 French s purchased L. C. Forman and Sons Pickle Company of Pittsford ... s ref In 1965 French s introduced a new line of Cattlemen s barbecue sauce . The line was inaugurated ..., French Hqs To Combine url http articles.mcall.com 1987 05 01 business 2578768 1 durkee famous ... May 01, 1987 ref Locations Until 1973 French s headquarters was located at 1 Mustard Street in Rochester. The company continued to have roots in the area until 1987. French s also had facilities in Shelley ... missouri Springfield, Missouri . Products At one point R. T. French manufactured a complete ... French s currently and primarily markets prepared mustards. French s Potato pancake Potato Pancake ... more details
The President s Award may refer to Gaisce , The President s Award, Republic of Ireland NAACP Image Award President s Award , United States Rashtrapati Award Award given by the President of India the highest rank of the Kiribati Scout Association disambig ... more details
, is not described as a president in English, the position is called Pr sident du S nat in French language French . Chile main President of the Senate of Chile The President of the Senate of Chile ... of France elects a president from among its own number. The List of Presidents of the French Senate President of the French Senate stands first in line of succession in case of death or resignation of the President of France President of the Republic , becoming acting president until a presidential ... of Italy President of the Republic when s he is unable to perform his her duties ...The President of the Senate is a title often given to the presiding officer of a senate , and is the Speaker politics speaker of other assemblies. The senate president often ranks high in a jurisdiction s order of succession succession for its top executive office for example, the President of the Senate of Nigeria is second in line for succession to the presidency, after only the Vice President of Nigeria Vice President of the Republic , while in France , which has no vice president, the List of Presidents of the French Senate Senate President is first in line to succeed to the President of France Presidential powers and duties . Argentina The Argentine Senate is presided by the President of Argentina The office of Vice President Vice President of the Republic , currently Julio Cobos . This was a recent expansion of the Vice President s powers introduced as part of the 1994 reform of the Argentine .... 57 . The Vice President may only cast a vote to break a tied Senate vote. Australia main President of the Australian Senate The President of the Australian Senate is a senator, traditionally a member ... item of business. They are assisted by a Deputy President who is traditionally a member of the largest ... briefs brief06.htm publisher Parliament of Australia title The President of the Senate accessdate 24 February 2011 month October year 2009 ref The current president is John Hogg , a Australian Labor Party ... more details
system presidential republic in which the president is the head of the Executive government executive ... independence from French Fourth Republic France , Tunisia has had just List of Presidents of Tunisia two elected presidents . The first president was Habib Bourguiba , who served as president from 1959 ...Expand French Pr sident de la R publique tunisienne topic gov fa yes date January 2011 Infobox political post post President body the Tunisian Republic nativename lang ar br Pr sident de la R publique tunisienne insignia Standard of the President of Tunisia.svg insigniasize 130px insigniacaption Standard of the President of Tunisia department image PortraitMoncefMarzoukiANC2011.jpg imagesize 170px alt incumbent Moncef Marzouki incumbentsince 13 December 2011 style Son Excellence residence Palace of the Republic, Carthage nominator nominatorpost appointer appointerpost termlength Five years, renewable indefinitely inaugural Habib Bourguiba formation 1959 last abolished succession deputy salary website URL http www.carthage.tn Politics of Tunisia The President of Tunisia , formally known as the President of the Tunisian Republic lang ar , lang ... . Under Article 44 of the Constitution of Tunisia , the president is also the commander in chief of the Tunisian Armed Forces . History According to the constitution, the president is elected by universal suffrage for a term of five years. Currently, the president may be re elected for an unlimited ... prior to June 2002, excluding the President for Life life presidency that existed between 1975 and 1982 ... El Abidine Ben Ali , who served as president from 1987 until 2011, when he was forced from office ... served terms as acting president. On December 12, 2011, Moncef Marzouki was elected by the Constituent Assembly of Tunisia as the interim president of Tunisia. Latest election main Tunisian general ... DEFAULTSORT President Of Tunisia Category Presidents of Tunisia Category Executive branch of the Tunisian ... more details
French is the adjective form of France and usually refers to Something of or related to the nation of France French cuisine French language , a Romance language originating in what is now northern France French people , inhabitants of France or people having family origins in France French surname French Open , one of the four major tennis tournaments French defence , a chess opening 1 e4 e6 French River, Colchester, Nova Scotia , Canada French River, Pictou, Nova Scotia , Canada French River Ontario , Canada French River Massachusetts , Canada French s , an American manufacturer of mustard condiment See also French fries French kiss Frenched rack of lamb French dressing lookfrom intitle disambiguation bg da Fransk flertydig de Franz sisch el es Franc s fr Fran ais homonymie gl Franc s it Francese hu Francia ja pl French pt Franc s simple French ur ... more details
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