0 8018 7109 3, The Scandal of Laxism p. 83 ref Philosophy In ancient Greek philosophy, probabilism ... Academy see skepticism and Carneades . . Academic skepticism Academic skeptics accept probabilism ... Sources and references references Catholic http www.newadvent.org cathen 12441a.htm Probabilism ... PhilosophyProfessor.com Probabilism Category Religious ethics Category Ethical theories ... more details
moral theology , probabilism provides a way of answering the question about what to do when one does not know what to do. Probabilism proposes that one can follow a probable opinion regarding whether ... Approaches Georgetown University Press, 1997 , 19 20. ref Formulation and opposed views Probabilism is one way of approaching difficult matters of conscience . In such cases, according to probabilism ... as leading to moral laxity. Opposed to probabilism are probabiliorism Latin probabilior , more likely ... must take the morally safer side History of probabilism After its formulation by the Dominican Order Dominican Bartholomew Medina Medina in Salamanca late in the 16th century, probabilism was widely held ... such as Gabriel Vasquez further developed probabilism, distinguishing intrinsic, argument based probabilism and extrinsic, authority based probabilism. ref Curran, 20 ref Abuses of probabilism ... Medina , a Dominican, was the first to expound the moral system which is known as probabilism. In his ... Augustinus Jansenist book Augustinus , and in 1655 the Louvain theologians condemned probabilism. Tutiorism ... probabilism in his Provincial Letters Lettres Provinciales , which were in turn condemned by Alexander ... probabilism. Thyrsus Gonz lez de Santalla Gonzalez was elected general of the order in 1687 ... Liguori , who began his theological career as a Probabiliorist, subsequently defended probabilism ... his opinion once he had discarded Probabiliorism for probabilism, though he changed his manner of expressing ... probabilism and quiprobabilism. Probabiliorism has to a great extent disappeared, and even many ... but it gained little support and has not yet become a rival of the old theories of probabilism, quiprobabilism ... Probabiliorism , quiprobabilism , and traditional Catholic probabilism. According to Catholic probabilism, whenever a prohibiting law is certain, the subjects of the law are bound to abstain from .... Adherents to Catholic probabilism hold that extrinsic authority can have sufficient weight to make ... more details
Wiktionary A probabilist is either A follower of probabilism in theology or philosophy A mathematician who practices probability theory see List of mathematical probabilists Disambiguation ... more details
Compensationism is one of several theological doctrines, opposed to Probabilism . Doctrine Compensationism maintains that a doubtful law is not devoid of all binding force, and that there must be a compensating reason, proportionate to the probability and gravity of the law, to justify the performance of the action which is probably forbidden. This teaching is based on an analogy with an act which has two effects, one good and the other bad. It is not lawful to perform such an act unless there is a justifying cause proportionate to the evil. In the case of a doubtful law the bad effect is the danger of material sin, and the good effect is the benefit, which arises from the performance of the action which is probably forbidden. Hence in this as in the former case, a compensating cause, proportionate to the probable evil, is required to justify the performance of the action. Probabilists reply that this moral system leads to Tutiorism , because it implies that if no compensating benefit exists, it is not lawful to perform an action so long as it certainly is not forbidden. Again, Probabilists say that the preservation of liberty is of itself a sufficient compensating reason when there is question of a law which is not certain. Finally, Probabilists are prepared to admit that, as a point of expediency though not of obligation, it is advisable to look for a compensating cause over and above the preservation of liberty when a confessor is directing penitents in the use of probable opinions. If no such compensating reason exists, the penitent can be advised, though not under pain of sin, to abstain from the performance of the action which is probably forbidden. See also quiprobabilism Probabiliorism Source Catholic http www.newadvent.org cathen 12441a.htm Probabilism Category Epistemology Category Religious ethics Category Ethical theories epistemology stub ... more details
An information retrieval query language is a query language used to make queries into database, where the semantics of the query are defined not by a precise rendering of a formal syntax, but by an interpretation of the most suitable results of the query. Of importance in IR query languages is weighting and ranking, relevance orientation , semantic relativism and logic based probabilism. An example of an IR query language is Contextual Query Language CQL , a formal language for representing queries to Information Retrieval systems such as web indexes, bibliographic catalogs and museum collection information. See also Controlled vocabulary Free text searching Information retrieval SQL Document retrieval Text retrieval Database query language External links http zing.z3950.org cql CQL Common Query Language Database Category Query languages compu lang stub de Abfragesprache ... more details
Tirso Gonz lez de Santalla , 18 January 1624, Arganza , Spain 27 October 1705, Rome was a Spanish Theologian, elected, in 1687, 13th Superior General of the Society of Jesus . Formation and Studies He did his Humanities and Letters at Villafranca Le n , and a year of Philosophy at Oviedo before he entered the Society of Jesus in 1643. Studies of Philosophy at Valladolid 1645 47 and Theology at Salamanca 1647 51 with a further two years of specialization. A brilliant debater he was trained to be professor of philosophy and theology, which he did at Santiago Philosophy, 1653 55 and Valladolid and Salamanca Theology, 1656 65 , and again from 1676 to 1687, the intervening years having been devoted to preaching. Early career As an ardent adversary of probabilism Gonz lez had frequently asked his superiors to have some Jesuit write against the doctrine. He himself had composed a work in which he defended probabiliorism , assigning, however, an exaggerated importance to the subjective estimation of the degree of probability. The general revisors of the Society unanimously rendered an unfavorable opinion on the work, and accordingly, in 1674, the Superior General Giovanni Paolo Oliva refused permission for its publication. Gonz lez received encouragement from Pope Innocent XI and by his order the Holy Office issued a decree, in 1680, ordering the superiors of the Society to allow their subjects to defend probabiliorism, a permission that had never been denied. Superior General When about to set out for Africa to convert the Muslim s in 1687, he was sent as an elector to the thirteenth general congregation, by which he was elected Superior General 6 July 1687 . Concerned that most Jesuits were in favour of probabilism, the Pope made it clear that Gonz lez, a rare probabiliorist in the Society, was his candidate. As General of the Society, Gonz lez felt himself obliged to fight probabilism among his subjects. In 1691, he had printed a modified edition of his former work, but, ... more details
does not neglect the teachings of Bonaventure or Thomas Aquinas . Father Herincx was a probabilism Probabilist , and his tractate De conscientia is a masterpiece. He shows that the system of Probabilism ... to Herincx, the tempest that arose in the seventeenth century against Probabilism had its ... more details
of Probabilism must be adopted which hold that it is sufficient to observe harmony with objective ... who pleases may write against it. Probabilists reply that, though Innocent XI was opposed to Probabilism ... cathen 12441a.htm Probabilism See also Compensationism Probabiliorism Equiprobable Category ... more details
Benjamin Elbel b. at Friedberg, Bavaria Friedberg , Bavaria , in 1690 d. at S flingen in 1756 was a German Franciscan moral theologian. He belonged to the Strasburg Franciscan province, was lector of theology, and held high positions in the order. Works His major work, Theologia moralis decalogalis et sacramentalis Venice, 1731 , passed rapidly through several editions. A new edition was prepared by Irenaeus Bierbaum , O.F.M., under the title Theologia moralis per modum conferentiarum auctore clarissime P. Benjamin Elbel... 3 vols., Paderborn, 1891 92 . Elbel advocates probabilism . He applies abstract principles to strikingly practical cases, and his approach proved influential. References reflist Attribution Catholic wstitle Benjamin Elbel The entry cites Hurter, Nomenclator lit., IV 3rd ed. , 1635 Eubel , Geschichte der oberdeutschen Minoritenprovinz Wurzburg, 1886 Preface to Bierbaum s edition mentioned above Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Elbel, Benjamin ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1690 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1756 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Elbel, Benjamin Category 1690 births Category 1756 deaths Category Franciscans Category German theologians pt Benjamin Elbel ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Bartolommeo Fumo b. at Villon near Piacenza d. 1545 was an Italian Dominican Order Dominican theologian. Life At an early age he entered the Dominican Order and made great progress in all the ecclesiastical sciences, but especially in canon law . He was distinguished as an inquisitor at Piacenza. Works He is best known for his work, Summa casuum conscientiae, aurea armilla dicta . This work, which was dedicated to Catalano Trivulzio , Bishop of Piacenza , went through many editions, including those of Antwerp 1591 and Lyons 1594 . It contained, in brief and compendious form, a digest of all similar explanations since the thirteenth century. He gives a clear case against probabilism . He is also the author of Expositio compendiosa in epistolas in Pauli et canonicas , and book entitled, Poemata qaedam . His first work, Philothea, opus immortalis animi dignitatem continens , was dedicated to Catalano before he became bishop. References reflist Attribution Catholic wstitle Bartolommeo Fumo Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Fumo, Bartolommeo ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1545 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Fumo, Bartolommeo Category 1545 deaths Category Members of the Dominican Order Category Italian theologians Category Year of birth unknown ... more details
Val re Regnault or Regnauld Valerius Reginaldus 1545 1623 was a French Jesuit theologian. Life He was born in the diocese of Besan on . ref la icon http www.archive.org stream synopsishistoria00wern page n197 mode 2up ref He studied under Juan Maldonado at the Coll ge de Clermont , where he was one of the first pupils. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1573. He taught philosophy at the Coll ge de Bordeaux , then moral theology in several colleges. ref fr icon http www.scholasticon.fr Database Scholastiques fr.php?ID 2534 Scholasticon page ref Works Praxis Fori Penitentialis Compendaria praxis difficiliorum casuum conscientiae References Robert A. Maryks 2008 Saint Cicero and the Jesuits The influence of the liberal arts on the adoption of moral probabilism . http books.google.co.uk books?id lx vOQ48iYC&printsec frontcover&dq saint cicero and the jesuits&source bl&ots GIsU2eizZ &sig q4SQCAG9zGOoy vNQnPrbD3WfCo&hl en&ei IgJMTauTH OAhAep7MG Dg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 1&ved 0CBkQ6AEwAA v onepage&q Reginaldus&f false Google Books http www.ashgate.com pdf SamplePages Saint Cicero and the Jesuits Intro.pdf PDF Sample Notes reflist External links http www.jesuitica.be catalogue catalogueAuthor.php?id 594 Jesuitica page Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Regnault, Valere ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1545 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1623 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Regnault, Valere Category 1545 births Category 1623 deaths Category French Jesuits ... more details
Ludwig Babenstuber 1660 5 April 1726 was a Germany German philosopher and theologian and vice chancellor of the University of Salzburg . He was born in 1660 at Teining in Bavaria . Having completed his early studies he entered the novitiate of the Order of St. Benedict at Ettal Abbey in 1681, made his religious profession in 1682, and thereafter devoted the greater part of his life to teaching. At the commencement of his studies he had given no promise of brilliancy, but by his untiring application and industry he shortly acquired so vast a store of knowledge, that he soon came to be regarded as one of the most learned men of his day vir comsummatae in omni genere dictrinae et probitatis , as he is styled in Dom Egger s Idea ordinis Hierarchico Benedictini , and in the History of the University of Salzburg . Until 1690 Babenstuber was Director of the scholasticate of his order at Salzburg , taught philosophy there from 1690 to 1693, then went to the Augustinian Schlehdorf Abbey to teach theology in the monastery of the Canons Regular . Returning to Salzburg in 1695, he took up successively the professorships of moral theology, dogmatic theology, and exegesis, in the celebrated Benedictine university of that city. He remained at Salzburg for twenty two years, during which period he held the office of vice rector for three years, and that of vice chancellor of the university for six. In 1717 he returned to his monastery at Ettal, where he spent the remainder of his days. In dogmatic theology Babenstuber was a pronounced Thomist in moral, a vigorous defender of probabilism . He maintained, among other things, that a single author, if he were beyond contradiction omni exceptione major , could, of his own authority, render an opinion probably, even against general opinion. In matters of faith, however, he rejected the principle of probabilism absolutely. In one of his disquisitions he had also stated that it was allowable to celebrate Mass liturgy Mass privately on Maund ... more details
Louis Abelly 1603 1691 was Vicar General of Bayonne , a parish priest in Paris , and subsequently Bishop of Rodez in 1664, but in 1666 abdicated and attached himself to St. Vincent de Paul in the House of St. Lazare, Paris Lazarists . His ascetical works reveal his deep and sincere piety. He was a bitter foe of the Jansenists , chiefly of Jean du Vergier de Hauranne St. Cyran , against whom he directed his Life of St. Vincent de Paul , a work which Hurter describes as full of unction. His Medulla Theologica went through many editions, and is characterized by its solidity, directness, and usefulness. According to St. Alphonsus Liguori St. Alphonsus , Abelly is a classic in probabilism . His D fense de la hi rarchie de l Eglise was directed against an anonymous Gallican writer. He wrote also two wikt enchiridion Enchiridion s, one for bishops, another for priests a treatise entitled De l ob issance et soumission due au Pape and another called Trait des H r sies . Replying to a Jansenist work known as Monita Salutaria , he published his Sentiments des SS. P res, touchant les excellences et les pr rogatives de la T.S. Vierge . Attribution Catholic wstitle Louis Abelly Persondata NAME Abelly, Louis ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Catholic bishop DATE OF BIRTH 1603 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1691 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Abelly, Louis Category 17th century Roman Catholic bishops Category Bishops of Rodez Category French prelates Category 1603 births Category 1691 deaths fr Louis Abelly it Louis Abelly pl Louis Abelly pt Lu s Abelli ... more details
Bartolom de Medina , Spain Spanish theologian and mining specialist, was born in Medina de Rioseco , Spain in 1527. A member of the Dominican Order and a student of Francisco de Vitoria , he was professor of theology at the University of Salamanca and a member of the School of Salamanca . He is best known as the originator of the doctrine of probabilism in Christian ethics moral theology , which holds that one may follow a course of action that has some probability, even if the opposite is more probable. He died at Salamanca in 1581. A completely different person though even confused by Enc.Brit. 2010 s.v. Bartolom de Medina is another Bartolom de Medina, businessman of Sevilla, who learned from a certain German Leonard the use of mercury and hereby improved the process of amalgamization of silver with mercury while mining in Mexico 1554? 1557? , especially in Pachuca de Soto 50 miles north of Mexico City , hereby revolutionizing the extraction of silver for more than two and a half centuries. This dry method of amalgamating mercury and silver, the so called patio process , seems partly have been in use by the native Indians too. It avoided due to the circumstances in the tree and waterless highlands the large quantities of wood and water which were necessary and in great quantities available in Europe. References http www.newadvent.org cathen 10143a.htm Article on Bartholom de Medina in Catholic Encyclopedia 1911 J. Franklin, The Science of Conjecture Evidence and Probability Before Pascal Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001 , 74 76. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Medina, Bartolome de ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1527 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1581 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Medina, Bartolome de Category 1527 births Category 1581 deaths Category People from Medina de Rioseco Category Members of the Dominican Order Category Spanish theologians Category 16th century Spanish people Category University of Sala ... more details
Prospero Fagnani b. in Italy, place and date of birth uncertain died 1678 was an Italian canon lawyer . Some writers place his birth in 1598, others in 1587 or in 1588. It is certain that he studied at Perugia . At the age of twenty he was a doctor of civil and canon law at twenty two, secretary of the Congregation of the Council . He held this office for fifteen years. He fulfilled the same functions in several other Roman Congregations. It is not certain that he ever lectured on canon law at the Roman University Sapienza . He became blind at the age of forty four. This affliction did not prevent him from devoting himself to canonical studies and from writing a commentary of the Decretals of Gregory IX , which gained for him the title of Doctor Caecus Oculatissimus , i.e. the blind yet most far sighted doctor. This commentary includes interpretations of the texts of the most difficult of the Decretals of Gregory IX. It is distinguished by the clearness with which the most complex and disputed questions of canon law are explained. The work is also of value for the purpose of ascertaining the practice of the Roman Congregations, especially that of the Congregation of the Council, of which the author quotes numerous decisions. Pope Benedict XIV gave this work the highest praise, and its authority is still continually appealed to in the Roman Congregations. It is divided, like the Decretals of Gregory IX, into five books. The first edition was published at Rome, in 1661, under the title of Jus canonicum seu commentaria absolutissima in quinque libros Decretalium . It has been reprinted several times. Fagnani is reproached with excessive rigour in his commentary on the chapter of the Decretals Ne innitaris Book I, De constitutionibus , in which he combats the doctrine of probabilism . St. Alphonsus calls him magnus rigoristarum princeps , the great prince of the rigorist s Homo apostolicus, Tract. I, no. 63 Theologia Moralis, IV, no. 669 . References Catholic wstitle Pr ... more details
Patritius Sporer died 29 May 1683 was a German Franciscan moral theologian. Sporer was born and died at Passau , Bavaria . In 1637 he entered the Order of Friars Minor in the convent of his native town, which then belonged to the religious Province of Strasburg. He taught theology for many years, obtained the title of Lector jubilatus, and was also the theologian of the Bishop of Passau . Works Sporer is the author of several works 1 Amor Dei super omnia W rzburg, 1662 2 Actionum humanarum immediata regula Conscientia moraliter explicata atque ad disputationem publicam exposita W rzburg, 1660 3 Theologia moralis, decalogalis et sacramentalis 3 folio vols., 1681 re edited, Salzburg, 1692 Venice, 1724, 1726, 1755, 1756 . Some editions have additional notes by K. Kazenberger and Ch. Mayr, two Franciscan moralists. An edition with supplements was produced by Iren us Bierbaum , O. F. M. 3 vols. 8vo, Paderborn, 1897 1901 2nd ed., 1901 5 . Alphonsus Liguori often quotes him and Lehmkuhl numbers him amongst the classical authors of moral theology. For his moral system he follows Probabilism . In questions at issue between Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus he defends and follows the latter, as for instance in the question of indifferent human actions . Very often Sporer draws on his own experience as spiritual director. References reflist Attribution Catholic wstitle Patritius Sporer The entry cites JOANNES A S. ANTONIO, Bibliotheca universa Francescana, II Madrid, 1732 , 426 MINGES, Gesch. der Franziskaner in Bayern Munich, 1896 , 227 Hugo von Hurter , Nomenclator , IV 3d ed., Innsbruck, 1910 , 944. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Sporer, Patritius ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 29 May 1683 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Sporer, Patritius Category 1683 deaths Category Franciscans Category German theologians Category Year of birth unknown pt Patr cio Sporer ... more details
Juan de Dicastillo b. of Spanish parents at Naples , 28 December 1584 d. at Ingolstadt , 6 March 1653 was a Spanish Jesuit theologian. He entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus in 1600, and was professor of theology for twenty five years at Toledo, Spain Toledo , Murcia , and Vienna . Works In moral theology , Dicastillo followed the principles of probabilism . His principal works are De justitia et jure ceterisque virtutibus cardinalibus libriduo Antwerp, 1641 De Sacramentis in genere disputationes scholastic et morales Antwerp, 1646 52 Tractatus duo de juramento, perjurio, et adjuratione, necnon de censuris et poenis ecclesiasticis Antwerp, 1662 Tractatus de incarnatione Antwerp, 1642 . References reflist Attribution Catholic wstitle Juan de Dicastillo The entry cites Hugo von Hurter , Nomenclator Sommervogel , Biblioth que de la c. de J. ,III, col. 49 Langhorst in Kirchenlexikon , s.v. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Dicastillo, Juan de ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 28 December 1584 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 6 March 1653 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Dicastillo, Juan de Category 1584 births Category 1653 deaths Category People from Naples Category Spanish Jesuits Category Spanish theologians Category Roman Catholic theologians Category 17th century Spanish people Category University of Murcia faculty Category University of Toledo Spain faculty Category University of Vienna faculty ... more details
to solve theological problems by mathematical rules. He was a leading exponent of Catholic Probabilismprobabilism and his permissive moral opinions were criticized in Blaise Pascal Pascal s Lettres ..., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001, 88 94. J. Fleming, Defending Probabilism The Moral Theology ... more details
Use dmy dates date October 2010 Refimprove date October 2008 A timeline of probability and statistics Before 1600 9th Century Al Kindi was the first to use statistics to decipher encrypted messages and developed the first code breaking algorithm in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, based on frequency analysis. He wrote a book entitled Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic Messages , containing detailed discussions on statistics ref cite book last Singh first Simon title The code book the science of secrecy from ancient Egypt to quantum cryptography year 2000 publisher Anchor Books location New York isbn 0385495323 edition 1st Anchor Books ed. ref 1560s published 1663 Cardano s Liber de ludo aleae attempts to calculate probabilities of dice throws 1577 Bartolom de Medina defends Catholic probabilism probabilism , the view that in ethics one may follow a probable opinion even if the opposite is more probable 17th century 1654 Blaise Pascal Pascal and Pierre de Fermat Fermat create the mathematical theory of probability , 1657 Christiaan Huygens Huygens s De ratiociniis in ludo aleae is the first book on mathematical probability, 1662 John Graunt Graunt s Natural and Political Observations Made upon the Bills of Mortality makes inferences from statistical data on deaths in London, 1693 Edmund Halley Halley prepares the first mortality table s statistically relating death rate to age, 18th century 1710 John Arbuthnot Arbuthnot argues that the constancy of the ratio of male to female births is a sign of divine providence, 1713 Posthumous publication of Jacob Bernoulli s Ars Conjectandi , containing the first derivation of a law of large numbers , 1724 Abraham de Moivre studies mortality statistics and the foundation of the theory of annuitie s in Annuities on Lives , 1733 Abraham de Moivre introduces the normal distribution to approximate the binomial distribution in probability, 1739 David Hume Hume s Treatise of Human Nature argues that inductive reasoning is unjustif ... more details
See probabilism for the followers of such a theory in theology or philosophy ProbabilityTopicsTOC This list contains only probabilists in the sense of mathematician s specializing in probability theory . This list is incomplete please add to it. David Aldous 1952 Thomas Bayes , British mathematician and Presbyterian minister, known for Bayes theorem . 1702 1761 Itai Benjamini Gerard Ben Arous Jakob Bernoulli , 1654 1705 , Switzerland, Known for Bernoulli trials . Erwin Bolthausen Maury Bramson Joseph Louis Fran ois Bertrand 1822 1900 Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch 1891 1970 Patrick Billingsley 1925 2011 Carlo Emilio Bonferroni 1892 1960 mile Borel 1871 1956 Harald Cram r 1893 1985 Kai Lai Chung 1917 2009 Amir Dembo Abraham de Moivre 1667 1754 Persi Diaconis 1945 Joseph Leo Doob 1910 2004 Eugene Dynkin 1924 Paul Erd s 1913 1996 Steve Evans mathematician Steve Evans William Feller 1906 1970 Bruno de Finetti , Italian probabilist and statistician 1906 1985 Geoffrey Grimmett 1950 Ian Hacking 1936 Paul Halmos 1916 2006 Joseph Halpern Kiyoshi It 1915 2008 Edwin Thompson Jaynes 1922 1998 Mark Kac 1914 1984 Olav Kallenberg Rudolf E. K lm n 1930 Samuel Karlin 1924 2007 David George Kendall 1918 2007 Rick Kenyon Harry Kesten 1931 John Maynard Keynes , best known for his pioneering work in economics 1883 1946 Aleksandr Khinchin 1894 1959 Wolfgang K nig Andrey Kolmogorov 1903 1987 Pierre Simon Laplace 1749 1827 Gregory Lawler Lucien Le Cam 1924 2000 Jean Francois Le Gall Paul Pierre L vy 1886 1971 Jarl Waldemar Lindeberg 1876 1932 Stefan Mazurkiewicz 1888 1945 Henry P. Mckean, Jr 1930 Paul Andr Meyer 1934 2003 Richard von Mises 1883 1953 Andrey Markov 1856 1922 Octav Onicescu 1892 1983 Blaise Pascal 1623 1662 Sim on Denis Poisson 1781 1840 Charles E. M. Pearce 1940 Yuval Peres Jim Pitman Yuri Vasilevich Prokhorov 1929 Alfr d R nyi 1921 1970 Frank P. Ramsey 1903 1930 Oded Schramm 1961 2008 Romano Scozzafava Yakov Sinai 1935 Frank Spitzer 1926 1992 Daniel W. Stroock 1940 Alain ... more details
Anthony Terill b. at Canford , Dorset , 1623 d. at Li ge , 11 October 1676 was an English Catholic theologian and Jesuit . His mother was Catholic but his father was Protestant. In his fifteenth year, he was converted to Catholicism and left England, taking the alias Terill previously Bonville . He studied for about three years at the English College of St. Omer , and then began his studies for the priesthood at the English College, Rome , where he was ordained on 16 March 1687. Two months later he entered the Jesuit novitiate at St. Andrea . After his noviceship he was successively penitentiary at Loreto AN Loreto , professor of philosophy at Florence , professor of philosophy and scholastic theology at Parma , director of theological studies and professor of theology and mathematics at the English College, Li ge , and for three years rector of the same college where he died with a reputation for extraordinary piety, talent, learning, and prudence . Works He wrote Conclusiones philosophic Parma, 1657 , Problema mathematico philosophicum de termino magnitudinis se virium in animalibus Parma, 1660 , Fundamentum totius theologi moralis, seu tractatus de conscientia probabili Li ge, 1668 , and Regula morum , which was published shortly after his death Li ge, 1677 . His reputation as a moral theologian was established by these last two works. In the Fundamentum he ably defended the doctrine of probabilism and in the Regula morum refuted the objections brought against his first work by the Dominican Concina , the Jesuit Miguel de Elizalde 1617 1678 and other exponents of the Rigorist School . Amort speaks of him as eruditissimum et probabilistarum antsignanum . References Foley, Records of the English Province, S. J. , III London, 1878 , 420 Carlos Sommervogel , Bibliotheque de la Campagnie de Jesus , VII Brussels, 1896 Hugo von Hurter Nomenclator , II Innsbruck, 1893 , 275 276. This article incorporates text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia article s Catholic Encyc ... more details
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