Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Proprietaryhardware is computer hardware whose interface is controlled by the proprietor , often under patent or trade secret trade secret protection . Historically, most early computer hardware was designed as proprietary until the 1980s, when IBM PC changed this paradigm. Earlier, in 1970s, many vendors tried to challenge IBM s monopoly in the mainframe computer market by reverse engineering and producing hardware components electrically compatible with expensive equipment and usually able to run the same software. Those vendors were nicknamed plug compatible manufacturers PCMs . See also Vendor lock in Hardware restrictions Micro Channel architecture , a commonly cited historical example of proprietaryhardwareProprietary software Compu hardware stub DEFAULTSORT ProprietaryHardware Category Computer peripherals Category Proprietaryhardware ... more details
Wiktionary The term proprietary relates to property or ownership . Proprietary may refer to Proprietary chapel Proprietary church Proprietary colleges Proprietary colony Proprietary community Proprietary company Proprietary eponym Proprietary extension Proprietary format ProprietaryhardwareProprietary lock in Proprietary name Proprietary protocol Proprietary software Proprietary trading See also Proprietary DVR Proprietary Governor Proprietary House Lord Proprietary Northern Neck Proprietary Property disambiguation Disambiguation ... more details
Other uses wiktionary Hardware is a general term for equipment that can be touched held by hand such as Key lock keys , lock device lock s, hinge s, latch hardware latch es, handle grip handle s, wire , chain s, belt mechanical belt s, plumbing supplies, electrical supplies, tool s, food utensil utensil s, cutlery and machine parts. Household hardware is typically sold in hardware store s. Category Hardware mechanical Category Equipment Category Locksmithing Category Wire Category Chains Category Belt drives Category Plumbing Category Electrical wiring Category Tools Category Article Feedback 5 Types of tools tool stub bg cy Caledwedd ko kk ml mhr ps ru simple Hardware ckb tr Donan m ... more details
and hardware Further2 Interoperability Software Interoperability of software Proprietary file ... hardware configurations Proprietary software may also have licensing terms that limit the usage ... software for Linux Proprietaryhardware Retail software References reflist 2 software distribution ...Multiple issues refimprove January 2012 original research January 2012 POV January 2012 wiktionary proprietaryProprietary software is computer software software license licensed Citation needed date March ... be used for any purpose. Proponents of free and open source software use proprietary or non free ... Software Foundation FSF quote Proprietary software is another name for nonfree software. accessdate ... ref Software becoming proprietary Until the late 1960s computers&mdash huge and expensive Mainframe ... often made it available, without charge. Customers who purchased expensive mainframe computer hardwarehardware did not pay separately for software. In 1969 IBM led an industry change by History of IBM ... publisher IBM quote Rather than offer hardware, services and software exclusively in packages, marketers ... without obtaining a license for the algorithm it contains. Proprietary software vendors usually ... basis as proprietary software. ref cite web url http www.fsf.org licensing licenses why assign.html ... legal useterms format PDF accessdate 2009 04 29 ref Exclusive rights The owner of proprietary software ... activation , a product key or serial number, a dongle hardware key , or copy protection . Vendors ... Open source Damaged good Anti features Anti features Vendors typically distribute proprietary software ... quote Under the proprietary software model, most software developers withhold their source code from ... 452 quote P roprietary is the opposite of open. A proprietary design or technique is one that is owned ... that proprietary software commonly contains malicious features, such as spying on the users, restricting ... the point.html ref Some proprietary software vendors say that retaining the source code makes their software ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Companies law A proprietary company is a form of corporation in Australia ... on jurisdiction , restrictions on what they can and cannot do. In Australia, a proprietary ... on proprietary companies such as not permitting them to have more than 50 members shareholder s . Another important restriction relates to fundraising . A proprietary company must not engage in fundraising ... circumstances a company must issue a prospectus when attempting to raise funds. This means that a Proprietary ... proprietary companies as either large proprietary or small proprietary . The differences here ... persons. Large proprietary companies are required to appoint an auditor and lodge appropriate financial statement s with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission ASIC . Proprietary limited or unlimited company Under Australian law, a proprietary limited company , abbreviated as Pty Ltd ... include the public Limited company Ltd. and the Unlimited Proprietary company Pty. with a share capital. Under the governing Australian Corporations Act 2001 Cth , a proprietary company must either be Proprietary Limited Pty Ltd company, private company limited by shares limited by shares ... that they face for company debts or unlimited company Unlimited Proprietary Pty company with a share ... or shareholders liability is not limited. The proprietary limited or unlimited company must have ... years of age. One person may simultaneously hold the positions of company director and secretary. Proprietary limited companies are also classified as large or small . A proprietary company is classified ... . Most large proprietary companies have to lodge audited accounts. Small proprietary companies only ... by a foreign company. Company names Proprietary companies have the word Proprietary in their name, thus Relays Proprietary Limited, abbreviated to Relays Pty Ltd or Relays P L. Other countries flagicon India In India, a proprietary company would be named Relays Private Limited , abbreviated ... more details
Proprietary Governors were individuals authorized to govern Proprietary Colony proprietary colonies . Under the proprietary system, individuals or companies were granted commercial charter s by the monarchs of the Kingdom of England to establish English colonial empire colonies . These proprietors then selected the governors and other officials in the colony. This system was used to establish several colonies on the island of Newfoundland island Newfoundland . The province s of Province of Maryland Maryland , Province of Carolina Carolina and several other colonies in the Americas were initially established under the proprietary system. These colonies were distinct from royal colonies in that they were commercial enterprises established under authority of the crown. Proprietary Governors had legal responsibilities over the colony as well as responsibilities to shareholders to ensure the security of their investments. The proprietary system was a mostly inefficient system, in that the proprietors were, for the most part, like absentee landlord s. Many never even visited the colonies they owned. By the early 18th century, nearly all of the proprietary colonies had either surrendered their charters to the crown to become royal colonies, or else had significant limitations placed on them by the crown. See also Cuper s Cove, Newfoundland and Labrador Cuper s Cove Virginia Company Proprietary colony Proprietary House Colonial government in America English colonial empire British colonization of the Americas British colonial grants in North America 1621 1639 List of Newfoundland and Labrador lieutenant governors External links http www.heritage.nf.ca govhouse governorship proprietary.html Proprietary Governors, 1610 1728 Newfoundland Category Colonial government in America Category Governance of the British Empire England hist stub ... more details
point of proprietary DVR systems is compression. Video compression removes information in exchange ... cheaper and larger, compression sacrifices are improving. A problem inherent in proprietary DVR output ... in one direction or the other. Contrary to attempts made by proprietary DVR developers, it is possible ... the pixels sent by the proprietary DVR to the users monitor. There are a number of software ... more details
A proprietary chapel is a chapel that originally belonged to a private person. In the 19th century Britain they were common, often being built to cope with urbanisation. Frequently they were set up by evangelical philanthropists with a vision of spreading Christianity in cities whose needs could no longer be met by the parishes. Some functioned more privately, with a wealthy person building a chapel so they could invite their favorite preachers. ref http www.churchsociety.org aboutus managed Properties StJamesChurch.htm ref They are anomalies in the English ecclesiastical law, having no parish area, but being able to have an Anglican clergyman licensed there. Historically many Anglican Churches were Proprietary Chapels. Over the years they have often been converted into normal Parishes. Today there are still a number of Anglican churches which are proprietary chapels, including one in Avonwick in Devon Christ Church, Bath Emmanuel Church , Wimbledon, London Wimbledon http www.wimbledon.org.uk St John s, Downshire Hill Hampstead http sjdh.org and St. James Church, Ryde St James Ryde on the Isle of Wight http www.stjamesryde.com . St John s Chapel, Bedford Row was formerly proprietary. See also Proprietary church References reflist Category Chapels church stub ... more details
Proprietary estoppel is a legal claim, which may arise in relation to rights to use the land of the owner, and may even be effective in connection with disputed transfers of ownership. Outline Proprietary estoppel can be broken into a number of steps. A proprietary estoppel may arise if, one party represents that he or she is transferring an interest in land to another, but what is done has no legal effect, or merely promises at some time in the future to transfer land or an interest in land to another, and knows that the other party will spend money or otherwise act to his or her detriment in reliance on the supposed or promised transfer In Dillwyn v Llwellyn 1862 4 De GF&J 517 a father promised a house to his son who took possession and spent a large sum of money improving the property. The father never actually transferred the house to the son. When his father died, the son claimed to be the equitable owner and the court ordered the testamentary trustees to convey the land to him. See also Inwards v Baker 1965 2 QB 29. In Willmott v Barber 1880 15 Ch D 96, Fry J considered that five elements had to be established before proprietary estoppel could operate the claimant must have made a mistake as to his legal rights the claimant must have done some act of reliance the defendant, the possessor ... must have encouraged the claimant in his act of reliance. Although proprietary estoppel ... acceptance in other areas of law. Proprietary estoppel can be closely related to the doctrine ... v. Majors 2009 UKHL 18 . The term proprietary estoppel is not used in American law, but is part and parcel of the general doctrine of promissory estoppel. In English law, proprietary estoppel ... http www.bailii.org ew cases EWCA Civ 1975 7.html EWCA Civ 7 Notes Refs 2 References McFarlane, Proprietary ..., Proprietary Estoppel and Property Rights 2005 C.L.J. 449 Gardner, The Remedial Discretion in Proprietary Estoppel Again 2006 122 L.Q.R. 492 Category Property law Category Contract law ... more details
In telecommunications , a proprietary protocol is a communications protocol owned by a single organization or individual. ref http www.pcmag.com encyclopedia term 0,2542,t proprietary protocol&i 49868,00.asp Proprietary protocol Definition PC Magazine Encyclopedia ref Enforcement Proprietors may enforce restrictions through patent s and by keeping the protocol specification a trade secret . These restrictions are intended to give the owner control of the protocol. Examples The Skype protocol is a proprietary protocol. ref http support.skype.com en US faq FA153 Which protocols does Skype use Which protocols does Skype use? Help for Skype ref The Venturi Transport Protocol VTP is a patented proprietary protocol US Patent 5883893 that is designed to replace Transmission Control Protocol TCP transparently in order to overcome perceived inefficiencies related to wireless data transport. Microsoft Exchange Server protocols are proprietary ref http msdn.microsoft.com en us library cc307725.aspx Microsoft Exchange Server Protocols ref open access protocols. The rights to develop and release protocols are held by Microsoft, but all technical details are free for access and implementation ref http www.microsoft.com protocols default.mspx Microsoft Open Protocols ref . Effects of incompatibility The use of proprietary instant messaging protocols meant that instant messaging networks were incompatible and people were unable to reach friends on other networks. This cost the instant messaging format dearly. ref http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi uk news magazine 8698174.stm Instant messaging This conversation is terminated BBC News ref Proprietary extensions to open protocols Microsoft developed a proprietary extension to the Kerberos protocol Kerberos network authentication protocol for the Windows 2000 operating system . The extensions made the protocol incompatible with implementations supporting the original standard, and this has raised concerns that this, along with the licensing restrictions ... more details
be required for its continuity. p.3 A proprietary community is a community administered as a proprietary enterprise in which the relations of every member of the community are formed directly with the proprietary authority. p.5 Proprietary communities are thus distinguished from other types of community ... are necessarily organized on a proprietary basis. For example, residential communes, Amish communities, and Israeli kibbutzim are voluntary, but not proprietary. Importantly, proprietary communities ... principles democratic voting by the multiple owners , not on proprietary principles which require a single owner who leases units to multiple tenants . Examples of proprietary communities ... of the community. He shows that proprietary leasehold communities provide an optimal incentive system ... problems that plague contemporary societies. History The first truly proprietary communities developed ... hotel. The twentieth century saw a veritable explosion of proprietary community types, and of ever increasing ... Vegas The Venetian in Las Vegas, and Masdar City in the UAE . However, to date these proprietary communities ... proprietary communities unsuccessfully to date. A new initiative to develop experimental ... more details
Refimprove date September 2008 Proprietary trading also prop trading or PPT occurs when a firm trades stock s, Bond finance bond s, currencies , commodities , their derivative finance derivatives , or other financial instruments, with the firm s own money as opposed to its customers money, so as to make a profit for itself. They may use a variety of strategies such as index arbitrage , statistical ... leave ambiguous the amount of non proprietary trading they do versus the amount of proprietary trading they do, because it is felt that proprietary trading is riskier and results in more Volatility ... to earn even more profit independent of providing client liquidity, and this is how proprietary trading was born. The evolution of proprietary trading at banks has come to the point whereby banks employ multiple desks of traders devoted solely to proprietary trading with the hopes of earning added ... hedge funds within the bank, performing in isolation away from client flow traders. Proprietary desks ... of their quarterly and annual profits through proprietary trading efforts. Citation needed date February 2008 The proprietary trading desk is kept separate, by law, from knowledge about customer ... confusion between proprietary positions held by market making desks sometimes referred to as warehoused risk and desks specifically assigned the task of proprietary trading. Because of the impending financial ... of interest in proprietary trading There are a number of ways in which proprietary trading can ... ruling ref Famous trading banks and traders Famous proprietary traders have included Steven A. Cohen ... . Nick Leeson took down Barings Bank with unauthorized proprietary positions. Another trader, Brian ... http www.trading lab.com forums introduction proprietary trading t305.html http www.ft.com cms s 0 ... Muller Proprietary trading.pdf Proprietary trading truth and fiction Hedge funds Category Financial markets de Eigenhandel it Proprietary trading pl Transakcje z u yciem rodk w w asnych ... more details
During the Middle Ages , the proprietary church Latin ecclesia propria , German Eigenkirche was a church, abbey or cloister built on private ground by a feudal lord, over which he retained proprietary interests, especially the right of what in English law is advowson , that of nominating the ecclesiastic personnel. In a small parish church this right may be trivial, but in the German territories of Otto the Great it was an essential check and control on the church, through which the Holy Roman Emperor largely ruled. In the later Roman Empire the church had been centrally organized all Monastery monasteries and churches within a diocese , including their personnel and their properties, were under the jurisdiction of the local bishop. Ulrich Stutz has demonstrated that the institution of the proprietary church existed particularly in areas that had never been Roman, among the Irish and the Slavs, and in the Eastern Roman Empire, but the proprietary church is best known in Germany, where the Grundherr , the land lord who had founded the church on his property and endowed it from his lands, maintained the right of investiture , as he was the advocatus German Vogt of the fief, and responsible for its security and good order. In the 9th and 10th centuries the establishment of proprietary churches in Germany swelled to their maximum. The layman who held the position was a lay abbot . The altar was the legal anchor to which the structures, the land, the rights and ties were attached. ref ... to be used as a church. ref Blumenthal 1988 5. ref The proprietary right could be granted away ... Controversy . Within the Carolingian empire , the rules concerning proprietary churches had been expressly ... 9, under Louis the Pious . Then proprietary churches had been officially recognized, but the capitulations ... family. ref Blumenthal 1988 5. ref The Royal peculiars have remained proprietary churches until today. Notes reflist See also Proprietary chapel References lifted from German Wikipedia are there translations ... more details
Infobox nrhp name The Propriety House nrhp type image Prophouse.jpg caption Proprietary House in the late ... The Proprietary House Association lat degrees 40 lat minutes 30 lat seconds 12.60 ... history.html title Proprietary House Perth Amboy, New Jersey History accessdate ... http www.proprietaryhouse.org The Proprietary House Association added February 24, 1971 area convert 0.6 acre governing body State refnum 71000509 ref name nris NRISref version 2010a ref Proprietary House in Perth Amboy , New Jersey , is the only Proprietary Governor s Mansion of the Original Thirteen ... url http www.raritanmillstone.org guidebook perth amboy.htm proprietary title Perth Amboy accessdate ... Proprietary House was converted into a Presbyterian retirement home and once more into a hotel, but with modest ... is operated as a museum by the Proprietary House Association. The upper floors of the original building and the 1809 wing are occupied by professional offices. The first floor and basement of the Proprietary House have been undergoing extensive repairs and restoration by the non profit Proprietary ... and after the Revolution , the Proprietary House suffered extensive damage. A fire gutted the interior ... Historical Society to raise funds to purchase and restore the Proprietary House. In the late 1930 s, the house ... in the National Archives in Washington, D.C . Realizing that the importance of the property was as the Proprietary House and not as the Westminster, the http www.proprietaryhouse.org Proprietary ... were open to visitors in 1976. Gradually, it became recognized that the Proprietary House is of state ... of the original mansion are leased by the State to the Proprietary House Association, which is charged ... and without charge to the Proprietary House Association, or the State of New Jersey s taxpayers, through ... of Chris Cardelfe , has committed to the developement and preservation of the Proprietary House .... This time at no cost to The Proprietary Association . In January 2012, Phase 1 was completed ... more details
A proprietary format is a file format where the mode of presentation of its data is the intellectual property of an individual or organization which asserts ownership over the format. In contrast, a free software free format is a format that is either not recognized as intellectual property , or has had all claimants to its intellectual property release claims of ownership. Proprietary formats can be either open format open if they are published, or closed, if they are considered trade secrets. In contrast, a free software free format is never closed. Proprietary formats are typically controlled by a private person or organization for the benefit of its applications, protected with patent s or as trade secret s, and intended to give the license holder exclusive control of the technology to the current or future exclusion of others. ref cite web url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary proprietary title Mirriam Webster s Online Dictionary accessdate 2008 07 11 author date work publisher ... the use of proprietary formats is that of ownership of created content. Citation needed date July ... in a proprietary format files increases barriers of entry for competing software and may contribute to vendor lock in concept. The issue of risk comes about because proprietary formats are less likely ... needed date October 2009 Prominent proprietary formats In alphabetical order Open Proprietary Formats ... countries ref Ubuntu s commitment to only include completely free software by default means that proprietary ... en5 ref Closed Proprietary Formats CorelDraw CDR file format CDR non documented CorelDraw s native ... to re create the RAR compression algorithm, which is proprietary, without written permission ... Open Specification Promise Rich Text Format RTF a formatted text format proprietary ref cite web url ... Up accessdate 2010 12 24 ref Formerly proprietary Graphics Interchange Format GIF CompuServe s Graphics ... open since 2008 , but the specification allows some proprietary extensions See also Open format References ... more details
ref improve date September 2011 A proprietary colony was a colony in which one or more individuals, usually land owners, remaining subject to their parent Sovereign state state s sanctions, retained rights that are today regarded as the privilege of the state, and in all cases eventually became so. ref Bernard Vincent, La p riode coloniale in tats Unis peuple et culture , 2004, ISBN 2707142603 ref File Leonard Calvert by Florence MacKubin.png thumb right 150px Leonard Calvert , Lord Baltimore s younger brother and the first governor of the Maryland colony. This type of colonial government based on the County Palatine and resembling feudal grants of fiefs in exchange for service more than the modern concept of state sovereignty, was used by English colonial empire England s colonization along the Atlantic coasts of North America and the Caribbean . Most were run under a colonial charter agreement, which was reviewed by the ruling Monarch. A good example is the Province of Pennsylvania , granted to William Penn the state still bears the name meaning woodlands of Penn by King Charles II of England . This type of indirect rule eventually fell out of favor as the colonies became established and administrative difficulties eased. The English Sovereigns sought to concentrate their power ... who received these grants, called Proprietary Governor s, or sometimes Lords Proprietors , were invested ... to separate head and body, figuratively or literally, at any time. Proprietary colonies in the Caribbean Barbados under Lords Proprietary 1625 1627 Sir William Courteen 1627 1652 James Hay, 1st Earl ... Province of New Jersey Delaware Colony and see History of Delaware Proprietary colonies in present ... Lands . See also English colonial empire Proprietary Governor Proprietary House Colonial government ... references Further reading Osgood, Herbert L. The Proprietary Province as a Form of Colonial Government ... fr Proprietary colony ... more details
primarysources article date July 2007 Gibraltar Hardware is a maker of drumset and percussion Drum hardwarehardware . It s most famed for making drumset frames and cages, but it also makes everything from hi hat stands to drumset thrones . Various artists use Gibraltar hardware on their drum s, including Lamb Of God s Chris Adler drummer Chris Adler and Luis Conte . Gibraltar percussion hardware is a proprietary product of Kaman Music , a large independent distributor of musical instrument s and accessories. It was part of the company Kaman , which is also a manufacturer of aircraft structures and components and a distributor of parts and equipment to the North America n industry. In early 2008, Kaman sold its musical interests to the Fender Musical Instruments Corporation . ref cite web url http phx.corporate ir.net phoenix.zhtml?c 104951&p irol newsArticle&ID 1090487 title Kaman Completes the Sale of Its Music Segment publisher Kaman Corp. ref Gibraltar products Drum Pedals Drum Thrones Hi hat Stands Percussion Stands Practice Pads Racks Clamps Speciality Stands Bags Accessories Kenny Thompson Model 252A Percussion mallet Drumsticks See also Drum hardware References Reflist External links http www.gibraltarhardware.com Home page http www.kamanmusic.com Kaman Music http www.kaman.com Kaman http diy.gibraltarhardware.com Gibraltar Hardware Blog http www.musicianshut.com about gibraltar hardware About Gibraltar Hardware Category Percussion instrument manufacturing companies musical instrument company stub sv Gibraltar Hardware ... more details
expand further date February 2012 Graphics hardware is computer hardware that enables computers to produce and show computer graphics . It works in conjuntion with graphics software . Examples of graphics hardware are display device s, graphics card s, graphics processing unit s and motion capture hardware. See also Graphics hardware and FOSS Category Graphics hardware Comp hardware stub ... more details
jailbreaking Category Proprietaryhardware Restrictions Category Hardware restrictions technology ...Hardware restrictions sometimes called Hardware Digital rights management DRM ref http www.neoseeker.com news 4420 hardware drm is upon us Hardware DRM is Upon Us Neoseeker News Article Bot generated title ref ref http hothardware.com News Intel Insider Hardware DRM At Home In Sandy Bridge Intel Insider Hardware DRM At Home In Sandy Bridge HotHardware Bot generated title ref ref http www.itworld.com answers topic hardware question how can i avoid tpm hardware drm has new name How can I avoid TPM? hardware DRM has a new name ITworld Bot generated title ref ref http www.cultofmac.com hardware drm has apple joined the dark side 9575 Hardware DRM Has Apple Joined the Dark Side? Cult of Mac Bot generated title ref ref http www.techspot.com news 24929 amd to introduce hardware drm with new gpus.html AMD to introduce hardware DRM with new GPUs? TechSpot News Bot generated title ref ref http www.ehomeupgrade.com 2006 04 10 hardware drm is evil Hardware DRM is Evil eHomeUpgrade Bot generated title ... play on said device or what users can do with certain content. Hardware restrictions can be used with software DRM and digital signatures . Hardware restrictions are common on video game console s PlayStation ... SIM lock Vendor lock in SIM locking The SIM lock in mobile phones is a form of hardware restriction ... the developer mode . TiVo Main Tivoization If a device only runs software approved by the hardware ... also Windows 8 Secure boot label 1 Secure Boot in Windows 8 Certified Windows 8 hardware will require ... 8 secure boot to block Linux Hardware News ZDNet Australia Bot generated title ref ref http www.osnews.com story 25180 ref In January 2012, Microsoft confirmed it would require hardware manufacturers ... booting on arm based hardware index.htm Is Microsoft Blocking Linux Booting on ARM Hardware? Open ... to be making it hard if not impossible to install GNU Linux on hardware systems certified for Windows ... more details
Hardware is a general term for equipment such as Key lock keys , lock device lock s, hinge s, latch hardware latch es, handle grip handle s, wire , chains, plumbing supplies, tool s, food utensil utensil s, cutlery and machine parts. Household hardware is typically sold in hardware store s. Hardware may also refer to wiktionary hardwareHardware store , a business which sells household hardware Builders hardware , hardware for doors, cabinets, windows, bathrooms, etc. Computer hardware , the collection of physical elements that comprise a computer system Graphics hardware , computer hardware that enables computers to produce and show computer graphics Personal computer hardware , the component devices of a personal computer Open source hardware , physical artifacts of technology designed and offered in the same manner as free and open source software Electronic hardware , interconnected electronic components Electronic component , a basic electronic element Hardware architecture , the identification of a system s physical components and their interrelationships Hardware logic , a differentiation of data processing circuitry from other more generalized eleconic circuitry Hardware album , a studio album by the heavy metal band Krokus Hardware band , a supergroup consisting of Bootsy Collins, Buddy Miles, and Stevie Salas Hardware comics , a character from Milestone Comics Hardware development cooperation , one aspect of technology transfer Hardware film , a 1990 film Hardware game , a game currently in development by Blackbird Interactive Hardware TV series , a British situation comedy another name for Military technology and equipment disambig cs Hardware rozcestn k de Hardware Begriffskl rung fr Hardware homonymie it Hardware disambigua ml pl Hardware ujednoznacznienie fi Hardware t smennyssivu sv Hardware tl Hardwer paglilinaw th tr Donan m ... more details
Refimprove date April 2010 Computer hardware virtualization or hardware virtualisation is the virtualization ... , more recently. Platform virtualization is performed on a given hardware platform by host ... on the physical hardware, with several notable caveats. Access to physical system resources such as the network ... s native capabilities, depending on the hardware access policy implemented by the virtualization ... of costly hardware resources such as CPU. Although hardware is consolidated, typically OSs are not. Instead ... as needed without the need for an up front hardware purchase. A virtual machine can easily be relocated ... be run on a single physical server, in order to more fully utilize the hardware resources of the physical ... next time. Full virtualization Main Full virtualization File Hardware Virtualization copy .svg thumb ... hardware to allow an unmodified guest OS one designed for the same instruction set to be run in isolation .... Hardware assisted virtualization Main Hardware assisted virtualization In hardware assisted virtualization, the hardware provides architectural support that facilitates building a virtual machine ... technology, Computer , vol.38, no.5, pp. 48 56, May 2005 ref Hardware assisted virtualization was first ... system. In 2005 and 2006, Intel and AMD provided additional hardware to support virtualization. Sun ... processors in 2005. Examples of virtualization platforms adapted to such hardware include Kernel based ... and Parallels Workstation . In 2006 first generation 32 and 64 bit x86 hardware support was found ... adams.pdf A Comparison of Software and Hardware Techniques for x86 Virtualization, Keith Adams ... that the first generation hardware support rarely offers performance advantages over existing software ... of much of an underlying hardware environment, particularly address space s. Clarify how is this different ... virtual memory address relocation hardware, and has been present in most practical examples of partial ... used by a given application. If certain hardware features are not simulated, then any software using ... more details
for hard disk drive caddies disk enclosure In computer hardware, a caddy refers to a sheath used to hold some media. If the medium is a hard disk drive , the caddy is also referred to as a disk enclosure , which is discussed there. It also refers to optical disks, such as CD ROM s, which are the focus of this article. The purpose of a disk caddy is to protect the disk from damage when handling their use dates back to at least the Capacitance Electronic Disc in 1976, and they were used in initial versions of Blu ray Disc s, ref name BDF general whitepaper cite web url http www.blu raydisc.com Assets Downloadablefile general bluraydiscformat 15263.pdf format PDF title White paper, Blu ray Disc Format, General author Blu ray Disc Founders accessdate 2009 04 16 date 2004 08 ref though newer versions use Blu ray Disc Hard coating technology hard coating technology to prevent scratches and do not need a caddy. Caddies may be an integral part of the media as in some DVD RAM discs, or separately attached. Examples File Macintosh centris 660av.jpg left thumb A CD caddy being inserted into a Macintosh Centris 660AV Caddies date at least to the Capacitance Electronic Disc , which used a caddy from 1976 to protect the grooves of the disc. ref cite web title Comparison of 1977 CED Media to Final Production Media publisher CEDMagic.com url http cedmagic.com history ced 1977 vs 1982.html accessdate 2007 03 10 ref File Cd caddies JPG.jpg right thumb Two Compact Disc caddies Some early CD ROM drives used a mechanism where CDs had to be inserted into special cartridges or caddies, somewhat similar in appearance to a jewel case . Although the idea behind this a tougher plastic shell to protect ... concept, using a small proprietary DVD type disc, in a fixed unopenable caddie as both a copy ... proprietary Magneto optical type disc instead, also in a fixed unopenable caddy. While caddies have ... references Category Computer storage media Comp hardware stub ... more details
distinguish hardware File PDP 11 M7270.jpg thumb PDP 11 CPU board Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that comprise a computer system. See also History of computing hardware Mainframe computer Minicomputer Personal computer Personal computer hardware Computer architecture Von Neumann architecture Central processing unit Computer data storage Input output Peripheral Basic computer components Category Computer hardware Comp hardware stub ru ... more details
Hardware mixing is a performance feature of computer audio hardware which enables sound card s to receive multiple audio streams and play them all at the same time. Hardware mixing improves performance by offloading audio mixing operations from the CPU and performing them at hardware speeds. In addition to mixing, the hardware performs related operations such as sample rate conversion SRC , attenuation, and, optionally, 3D processing that would otherwise need to be performed in software. On Microsoft Windows , hardware mixing is also referred to as hardware buffering or as DirectSound hardware acceleration . Those cards which offer hardware mixing include professional multichannel audio interfaces and Creative Labs X Fi, Live & Audigy series soundcards. Fact date June 2009 DxDiag can be used to test if the audio hardware supports hardware mixing. See also Sound card DirectSound External links http www.alsa project.org jfulmer alsa faq.html Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ALSA FAQs Categories Category Computer peripherals Category Sound cards Category Audio mixing ... more details
Hardware Secrets is a leading US based PC hardware review website, published by Brazil born Gabriel Torres . Torres is also the owner of the largest website about computers in South America , Clube do Hardware . Hardware Secrets motto is Uncomplicating the Complicated. This approach has often given Hardware Secrets a unique edge over other PC hardware review websites by providing a number of how to articles, data sheets and computer autopsies, including the very popular http www.hardwaresecrets.com article 327 Anatomy of Switching Power Supplies . Hardware Secrets was launched in 1999, with its current design and focus introduced in January 2005. External links http www.hardwaresecrets.com Hardware Secrets website Category Computing websites Category Internet forums ... more details
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