. ref name ebo2009 EBO 2009 ref Characteristics and origin Protacanthopterygii contains a number of moderately ... ebo2009 Systematics As mentioned initially, one of the closest relatives of the Protacanthopterygii ... suborder s do not seem to be particularly closely related among the Protacanthopterygii. The resultant ... related to the traditional Protacanthopterygii as to be included therein. Alternatively, the unranked ... up the Protacanthopterygii lest they become paraphyletic . Thus, up to seven orders might be included here ref Nelson 2006 pp.189 207, Diogo 2008 , Myers et al. 2008 , Wikispecies 2009 SEP 27 ref Protacanthopterygii ... be an invalid paraphyletic assemblage of ancient Teleostei , and in part may indeed belong in the Protacanthopterygii ... aut Encyclop dia Britannica Online EBO 2009 Annotated classification &ndash Superorder Protacanthopterygii ... Protacanthopterygii aut Nelson, Joseph S. 2006 Fishes of the World 4th ed. . John Wiley & Sons ... 28. Category Protacanthopterygii Category Teleostei ar ca Protacantopterigi de Protacanthopterygii es Protacanthopterygii fr Protacanthopterygii gl Protacantopterixios ko is Frumbroddgeislungar mk Protacanthopterygii nl Zalmachtigen ja oc Protacanthopterygii pl Przedkolcop etwe pt Protacanthopterygii zh ... more details
expert subject 1 Palaeontology date February 2012 unreferenced date January 2012 Taxobox regnum Animalia subregnum Eumetazoa superphylum Deuterostomia phylum Chordata subphylum Vertebrata infraphylum Gnathostomata superclassis Osteichthyes classis Actinopterygii subclassis Neopterygii infraclassis Teleostei superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Argentiniformes family Argentinidae genus Parawenzichthys subdivision ranks Species subdivision P. minor Parawenzichthys is an extinct genus of protacanthopterygian . Category Prehistoric fish Category Protacanthopterygii paleo fish stub ... more details
ocean oceanic environment. Their plesiomorph ies are similar to the Salmoniformes and other Protacanthopterygii ..., the Stenopterygii appear to be close relatives of the Protacanthopterygii. Some cladistic ... 213, Diogo 2008 ref It thus cannot be ruled out that the Stenopterygii are better included in the Protacanthopterygii ... , Protacanthopterygii, the monotypic superorders Cyclosquamata , and perhaps the monotypic superorders ... require splitting up the Protacanthopterygii, so that each euteleost superorder would at most ... solution would be to expand the Protacanthopterygii to subsume all the small superorders , and to treat the Euteleostei as including the Protacanthopterygii and their more modern relatives ... more details
unusually for Protacanthopterygii to which they belong &ndash missing in the rest of the order. The dorsal ... of the living Protacanthopterygii. If this is so, it would probably require either inclusion of the supposed superorders Cyclosquamata and Stenopterygii in the Protacanthopterygii, or &ndash if the unranked clade name Euteleostei is used for this entire group &ndash restricting the Protacanthopterygii ... 0471250317 small Actinopterygii Category Argentiniformes Category Protacanthopterygii de Goldlachsartige ... more details
relatives of the Stenopterygii are found among the superorder Protacanthopterygii, and that the former ... but included with the Protacanthopterygii and the monotypic superorder Cyclosquamata in an unranked ... out of the Protacanthopterygii, and is probably not ideal due to the profusion of very small ... not well resolved at all, and regardless whether one calls them Protacanthopterygii sensu lato ... more details
Taxobox fossil range Fossilrange 83.5 70.6 Late Cretaceous ref name PbDbCimolichys http paleodb.org cgi bin bridge.pl?action checkTaxonInfo&taxon no 35559&is real user 1 ref image Cimolichthys nepaholica DMNHS54M 01.jpg image width 250px image caption Cimolichthys nepaholica specimen, Denver museum. regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Actinopterygii superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Salmoniformes familia Enchodontidae ref name PbDbCimolichys genus Cimolichthys genus authority Leidy, 1857 subdivision ranks Species subdivision C. anceps Cope, 1872 C. nepaholica Cope, 1872 C. gladiolus Cope, 1872 C. levesiensis Leidy, 1857 C. semianceps Cope, 1872 C. sulcatus Cope, 1872 Cimolichthys is an extinct genus of predatory salmoniformes salmonid fish from the Late Cretaceous of North America and Europe . ref name Oceans01 http www.oceansofkansas.com Cimolich.html ref References Reflist portal Paleontology Category Salmoniformes Category Cretaceous fish Category Prehistoric bony fish Category Prehistoric fish of North America paleo rayfinned fish stub Salmoniformes stub ... more details
italictitle Taxobox image Ctenothrissa vexillifer.JPG image caption Ctenothrissa vexillifer fossil range fossilrange Time domain Eukaryota regnum Animalia subregnum Eumetazoa superphylum Deuterostomia phylum Chordata subphylum Vertebrata infraphylum Gnathostomata superclassis Osteichthyes classis Actinopterygii subclassis Neopterygii infraclassis Teleostei ordo Ctenothrissiformes small disputed small genus Ctenothrissa species binomial binomial authority Ctenothrissa is a prehistoric genus of ray finned fish in the supposed order biology order Ctenothrissiformes . These Teleostei are only known from fossil s. While they are sometimes included in the superorder Acanthopterygii or Protacanthopterygii , this is neither well supported, nor is the monophyly of the Ctenothrissiformes robustly established. Indeed, it is quite likely that the supposed order is a paraphyletic assemblage of ancient moderately advanced Teleostei. ref Taylor 2009 ref See also Portal box Fish Paleontology Prehistoric fish List of prehistoric bony fish Footnotes Reflist References aut Taylor, Christopher 2009 Catalogue of Organisms &ndash http catalogue of organisms.blogspot.com 2009 01 living larvae and fossil fish.html Living Larvae and Fossil Fish . Version of 2009 FEB 05. Retrieved 2009 SEP 28. Category Prehistoric bony fish paleo bony fish stub ... more details
Protacanthopterygii Order Argentiniformes , including the barreleye s and slickhead s formerly ... in Protacanthopterygii Order Ateleopodiformes , the jellynose fish Order Stomiiformes , including the bristlemouth s and marine hatchetfish es Superorder Cyclosquamata may belong in Protacanthopterygii ... more details
Siluriformes , the catfish es Superorder Protacanthopterygii Order Argentiniformes , including the barreleye ... s Superorder Stenopterygii may belong in Protacanthopterygii Order Ateleopodiformes , the jellynose ... may belong in Protacanthopterygii Order Aulopiformes , including the Bombay duck and lancetfish ... more details
an adipose fin as is often found in the Protacanthopterygii . Their pterosphenoid usually has a ventral .... Their placement in the Protacanthopterygii is not entirely clear, but may well be the closest living ... that the superorder Stenopterygii ought to be included in the Protacanthopterygii, rather than ... Actinopterygii Category Osmeriformes Category Protacanthopterygii az Osmerkimil r ca Osmeriforme de ... more details
living relatives of the Stenopterygii are found among the superorder Protacanthopterygii ... are kept separate but included with the Protacanthopterygii and the monotypic superorder Cyclosquamata ... monotypic superorders out of the Protacanthopterygii, and thus result in a profusion of very small ... but also appear to be quite close to the Protacanthopterygii indeed. The relationships of these &ndash ... calls them Protacanthopterygii sensu lato or Euteleostei, the phylogeny of this group of moderately ... more details
Protacanthopterygii Order Argentiniformes , including the barreleye s and slickhead s formerly in Osmeriformes ... in Protacanthopterygii Order Ateleopodiformes , the jellynose fish Order Stomiiformes , including the bristlemouth s and marine hatchetfish es Superorder Cyclosquamata may belong in Protacanthopterygii ... more details
dubious superorder Stenopterygii , the grinners appear to be so closely related to some Protacanthopterygii ... united as an unranked clade named Euteleostei, but in that case the Protacanthopterygii would ... es of pelvic girdle and the presence of an adipose fin which is also typical for the Protacanthopterygii ... biology family Macristiidae which was allied with various Protacanthopterygii sensu lato ... more details
A hypervariable region HVR is a location within nuclear DNA or the D loop of mitochondrial DNA in which base pair s of nucleotide s repeat in the case of nuclear DNA or have substitutions in the case of mitochondrial DNA . Changes or repeats in the hypervariable region are highly Polymorphism biology polymorphic . Nuclear Expand section date September 2011 Mitochondrial There are two mitochondrial hypervariable regions used in human mitochondrial genealogical DNA test ing. HVR1 is considered a low resolution region and HVR2 is considered a high resolution region. Getting HVR1 and HVR2 DNA tests can help determine one s Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup haplogroup . HVR1 locations are numbered 16001 16568. HVR2 locations are numbered 001 574. In some bony fish es, for example certain Protacanthopterygii and Gadidae , the mtDNA control region mitochondrial control region evolves remarkably slowly. Even functional mitochondrial gene s accumulate mutations faster and more freely. It is not known whether such hypovariable control regions are more widespread. In the Ayu Plecoglossus altivelis , an East Asia n protacanthopterygian, control region mutation rate is not markedly lowered, but sequence differences between subspecies are far lower in the control region than elsewhere. This phenomenon completely defies explanation at present. ref Takeshima, Hirohiko Iguchi, Kei ichiro & Nishida, Mutsumi 2005 Unexpected Ceiling of Genetic Differentiation in the Control Region of the Mitochondrial DNA between Different Subspecies of the Ayu Plecoglossus altivelis . Zoological Science Zool. Sci. 22 4 401 410. doi 10.2108 zsj.22.401 HTML abstract ref Antibodies further2 Complementarity determining region Framework region In antibodies , hypervariable regions form the antigen binding site and are found on both Immunoglobulin light chain light and heavy chain s. ref name Antibody cite book url http books.google.com books?id U4TZd8jgSIkC&pg RA1 PA245&dq Hypervariable region antibody&hl ... more details
Taxobox name Mudminnows image U limi.jpg image width 250px image caption Umbra limi, font size 2 Photograph by Konrad P. Schmidt, University of Minnesota font regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Actinopterygii superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Esociformes familia Umbridae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Dallia br Novumbra hubbsi Novumbra br Umbra genus Umbra Umbridae mudminnows are a family of Actinopterygii , ray finned fish, that inhabit freshwater environments in temperate regions across the northern hemisphere. They are generally small fish, with the largest species reaching convert 33 cm in in length, and most less than half that. ref name FB FishBase family family Umbridae year 2008 month December ref Distribution The genus Umbra contains three species the eastern mudminnow Umbra pygmaea , the central mudminnow U. limi , Kirtland 1840 ref General College and James Ford Bell Museum of Natural History University of Minnesota , Minneapolis St. Paul, 23 October 2002 ref ref Appendix B. Description of the Connecticut River Basin, Table 3. Fishes Within the Connecticut River Basin. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ref , and the European mudminnow U. krameri . The eastern mudminnow U. pygmaea can be found across the eastern United States and south eastern Canada . The central mudminnow U. limi ranges throughout the Great Lakes region and Mississippi river basin of North America . The European mudminnow U. krameri can be found in the Danube and Dniester river basins of Europe. ref Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes. Biologia 52, Suppl. 5 1 271. ref Umbra spp. are most commonly found in the Atlantic coast regions of North America, along the marshy, low oxygen areas of the Mississippi River , and in similar environments in Europe . The genus Novumbra contains the species Novumbra hubbsi , the Olympic mudminnow . It can be found on the west coast of North America . The Alaska blackfish , Dallia pectoralis is found throughout the state of Ala ... more details
are found among the superorder Protacanthopterygii , and that the former would need ... with the Protacanthopterygii and the monotypic superorder Cyclosquamata in an unranked clade called Euteleostei. That would probably require splitting two additional monotypic superorders out of the Protacanthopterygii ... close to the Protacanthopterygii indeed. The relationships of these &ndash and the Lampriformes ... before is still not well resolved at all, and regardless whether one calls them Protacanthopterygii ... more details
Protacanthopterygii . The Salmonidae and Salmoniformes are divided into three subfamilies and around ... state expanded salmon Category Salmonidae Category Protacanthopterygii als Lachsfische be ... more details
are also inferred to be close to the Protacanthopterygii , one of the core groups of moderately ... of the Euteleostei Protacanthopterygii sensu stricto and their allies versus Acanthopterygii remains ... more details
considered to be closer or even among the Protacanthopterygii , one of the core groups of moderately ... of the Euteleostei Protacanthopterygii sensu stricto and their allies versus Ctenosquamata ... more details
this is a work in progress please use the same layout as the entries below for new additions Phylum Chordata Class Acanthodii currently extinct Class Actinopterygii ray finned fish Subclass Chondrostei Polypteriformes , including the bichir s and reedfish es ref In Nelson, Polypteriformes is placed in its own subclass Cladistia . ref Acipenseriformes , including the sturgeon s and paddlefish es Subclass Neopterygii Infraclass Holostei Lepisosteiformes , the gar s Amiiformes , the bowfin s Infraclass Teleostei Superorder Osteoglossomorpha Osteoglossiformes , the bony tongued fishes Hiodontiformes , including the mooneye and goldeye Superorder Elopomorpha Elopiformes , including the ladyfish es and tarpon Bonefish Albuliformes , the bonefishes Notacanthiformes , including the halosaurs and spiny eel s Anguilliformes , the true eel s and gulper s Saccopharyngiformes , including the gulper eel Superorder Clupeomorpha Clupeiformes , including herring s and anchovy anchovies Superorder Ostariophysi Gonorynchiformes , including the milkfish es Cypriniformes , including Barb fish barbs , carp , danios , goldfish es, Loach fish loaches , minnow s, rasbora s Characiformes , including characin s, pencilfish es, hatchetfish es, piranha s, tetra s. Gymnotiformes , including electric eel s and knifefish es Siluriformes , the catfish es Superorder Protacanthopterygii Order Salmoniformes , including salmon and trout Esociformes the esox pike Osmeriformes , including the smelt fish smelt s and galaxiid s Superorder Stenopterygii Ateleopodiformes , the jellynose fish Stomiiformes , including the bristlemouth s and marine hatchetfish es Superorder Cyclosquamata Aulopiformes , including the Bombay duck and lancetfish es Superorder Scopelomorpha Myctophiformes , including the lanternfish es Superorder Lampridiomorpha Lampriformes , including the oarfish , opah and ribbonfishes Superorder Polymyxiomorpha Polymixiiformes , the beardfish es Superorder Paracanthopterygii Percopsiformes , in ... more details
About the fish Taxobox name Ayu, Sweetfish image Sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis.jpg image width 260px status NE status system iucn3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata superclassis Osteichthyes classis Actinopterygii subclassis Neopterygii infraclassis Teleostei superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Osmeriformes subordo Osmeroidei superfamilia Osmeroidea familia Plecoglossidae familia authority genus Plecoglossus genus authority Coenraad Jacob Temminck Temminck & Hermann Schlegel Schlegel , 1846 species P. altivelis binomial Plecoglossus altivelis binomial authority Coenraad Jacob Temminck Temminck & Hermann Schlegel Schlegel , 1846 was it really placed in another genus first and revised to a monotypic genus less rhan 12 months later by the same authors? yes, Plecoglossus was originally described in geuns Salmo as a sub genus The nihongo ayu , , , or sweetfish , Plecoglossus altivelis , is an fish migration amphidromous fish , the only species in the genus Plecoglossus and in family biology family Plecoglossidae . It is a relative of the smelts and is placed in the order biology order Osmeriformes . Native to the Palearctic ecozone , it occurs in rivers, lakes, and coastal waters of western Hokkaid in Japan southward to the Korea n Peninsula, China , Taiwan and Hong Kong . The name sweetfish is due to the sweetness of its flesh. In reference to its typical one year life span, it is also written as nihongo2 year fish . The ayu is Gunma Prefecture s prefectural fish. Subspecies There are currently three subspecies recognized, however their status is questioned and species may be monotypic ref FishBase species genus Plecoglossus species altivelis month February year 2012 ref Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis small Coenraad Jacob Temminck Temminck & Hermann Schlegel Schlegel , 1846 small Ayu sweetfish Plecoglossus altivelis chinensis small Wu Yun Fei Y. F. Wu & Shan Xiu Juan X. J. Shan , 2005 small Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis small Mutsumi Nishida M. Ni ... more details
Taxobox fossil range Late Miocene Recent ref Sepkoski 2002 ref image Salvelinus alpinus alpinus.JPG image width 260px image caption Arctic char , Salvelinus alpinus alpinus regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata superclassis Osteichthyes classis Actinopterygii subclassis Neopterygii infraclassis Teleostei superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Salmoniformes familia Salmonidae genus Salvelinus genus authority John Richardson naturalist J. Richardson , 1836 subdivision ranks Species subdivision See text Salvelinus is a genus of Salmonidae salmonid fish often called char or charr some species are called trout . Salvelinus is a member of the Salmoninae subfamily of the Salmonidae family. Charr may be identified by light cream pink or red spots over a darker body. Scales tend to be small, with 115 200 along the lateral line . Pectoral, pelvic, anal, and lower aspect of caudal fin are trimmed in snow white or cream leading edges. Many members of this genus are popular sports fish, and a few, such as the lake trout S. namaycush , are the object of commercial fisheries and aquaculture . Occasionally such fish escape and become invasive species . Species As with other salmonidae salmonid genera, the delimitation of species in Salvelinus is controversial. FishBase currently in 2012 indicates 51 recognized species in this genus ref FishBase genus genus Salvelinus month February year 2012 ref extinct Salvelinus agassizi small Samuel Garman Garman , 1885 small Silver trout Salvelinus albus small Mikhail Konstantinovich Glubokovsky Glubokovksy , 1977 small White char Salvelinus alpinus small Linnaeus, 1758 small Arctic char, Dolly Varden historical use Salvelinus alpinus alpinus small Carl Linnaeus Linnaeus , 1758 small Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus erythrinus small Johann Gottlieb Georgi Georgi , 1775 small Davatchan Salvelinus anaktuvukensis small James Edwin Morrow Jr. Morrow , 1973 small Angayukaksurak char Salvelinus andriashevi small Lev Berg L. S. Berg , 1948 small Chukot char Salv ... more details
Taxobox name Pygmy whitefish image Prosopium coulterii.jpg status NE status system iucn3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Actinopterygii superordo Protacanthopterygii ordo Salmoniformes familia Salmonidae genus Prosopium species P. coulterii binomial Prosopium coulterii binomial authority Carl H. Eigenmann C. H. Eigenmann & Rosa Smith Eigenmann R. S. Eigenmann , 1892 synonyms The pygmy whitefish , Prosopium coulterii , is a freshwater whitefish of the genus Prosopium in the family Salmonidae . Found in the mountain streams and lakes west of North America, it also has isolated populations in Lake Superior and in Ekityki Lake , Chukchi Peninsula . Description The pygmy whitefish is a small herring like fish with a long and cylindrical body by comparison to other whitefishes. ref name Becker Silvery in colour, it has a brownish back, and a whitish belly. ref name Becker Becker, 1983, pp. 369 371 ref Black spots on the side called parr marks , which are present on young trout or parrs , are present on the young of this species, and on adults in some Alaskan populations. ref name base Commonly ranging from convert 3 to 15.3 cm in in length, ref name Becker it is typically convert 12 cm in long, ref Hubbs et al., 2004, p. 156 ref and reaches a maximum length of convert 28 cm in . ref name base Froese and Pauly, 2010 ref It is identified by its small size, and its large eye, which has a greater length than its blunt snout. ref name Page Page and Burr, 1991, pp. 45 46 ref Its dorsal fin and pectoral fin are usually clear, and its tail is clear with a faint dark spot. Its anal fin and pelvic fin are plain whitish. ref name base It has large scales with only 56 70 on its lateral line , fewer gill rakers, all characteristics that indicate a degree of differentiation from the other Prosopium fishes. ref name Becker Because of this, it is considered an early offshoot, or basal phylogenetics basal , species in its genus, ref name Becker an especially trout like ... more details
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