enzyme Name Proteindisulfideisomerase EC number 5.3.4.1 CAS number 37318 49 3 IUBMB EC number 5 3 4 1 GO code 0003756 image width caption protein Name proteindisulfideisomerase family A, member 2 caption ... PDIA3 proteindisulfideisomerase family A, member 3 caption image width HGNCid 4606 Symbol PDIA3 AltSymbols ... 15 Arm q Band 15 LocusSupplementaryData protein Name proteindisulfideisomerase family A, member 4 ... protein Name proteindisulfideisomerase family A, member 6 caption image width HGNCid ... Chromosome 2 Arm p Band 25.1 LocusSupplementaryData Proteindisulfideisomerase or PDI is an enzyme ... author Wilkinson B, Gilbert HF title Proteindisulfideisomerase journal Biochimica et Biophysica ..., Craik DJ title Proteindisulfideisomerase the structure of oxidative folding journal Trends in Biochemical ... to the rearrangement of disulfide bonds in a single protein. ref name pmid19476414 cite journal author Hatahet F, Ruddock LW title ProteinDisulfideIsomerase A Critical Evaluation of Its Function in Disulfide ... cite journal author Hatahet F, Ruddock LW title ProteinDisulfideIsomerase A Critical Evaluation of Its ... folding of ribonuclease A by proteindisulfideisomerase dependence of the rate on the composition ... A, Mutus B title Characterization of redox state and reductase activity of proteindisulfideisomerase ... ProteinDisulfideIsomerase 3 ProteinDisulfideIsomerase Intramolecular oxidoreductases Category EC 5.3.4 fr Proteindisulfideisomerase pl Disulfidoizomeraza bia ek ... P13667 PDB ECnumber Chromosome 7 Arm q Band 35 LocusSupplementaryData protein Name proteindisulfide ... Hatahet F, Ruddock LW title Substrate recognition by the proteindisulfide isomerases journal .... Oxidized PDI can catalyze the formation of a disulfide bridge. This reduces PDI and a protein ... used monitor PDI activity. ref cite journal author Lundstr m J, Holmgren A title Proteindisulfide ... of disulfide bond by PDI, fluorescence increases 70 fold. Members Human genes encoding Proteindisulfide ... more details
enzyme Name proteindisulfide reductase glutathione EC number 1.8.4.2 CAS number 9082 53 5 IUBMB EC number 1 8 4 2 GO code 0019153 image width caption In enzymology , a proteindisulfide reductase glutathione EC number 1.8.4.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 glutathione proteindisulfide math rightleftharpoons math glutathione disulfideprotein dithiol Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are glutathione and proteindisulfide , whereas its two product chemistry products are glutathione disulfide and protein dithiol . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a disulfide as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is glutathione proteindisulfide oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include glutathione insulin transhydrogenase , insulin reductase , reductase, proteindisulfide glutathione , proteindisulfide transhydrogenase , glutathione proteindisulfide oxidoreductase , proteindisulfide reductase glutathione , GSH insulin transhydrogenase , proteindisulfide interchange enzyme , proteindisulfideisomerase oxidoreductase , thiol proteindisulfide oxidoreductase , and thiol protein disulphide oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in glutathione metabolism . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2IJY . References reflist 1 cite journal author KATZEN HM, TIETZE F, STETTEN D Jr date 1963 title Further studies on the properties of hepatic glutathione insulin transhydro genase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 238 pages 1006&ndash 11 pmid 14031343 cite journal author Kohnert K D, Hahn H J, Zuhlke H, Schmidt S and Fiedler H date 1974 title Breakdown of exogenous insulin by Langerhans islets of the pancreas in vitro journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 338 pages 68&ndash 77 1.8 enzyme stub Category ... more details
enzyme Name proteindisulfide reductase EC number 1.8.1.8 CAS number 9029 19 0 IUBMB EC number 1 8 1 8 GO code 0047134 image width caption In enzymology , a proteindisulfide reductase EC number 1.8.1.8 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction protein dithiol NAD P math rightleftharpoons math proteindisulfide NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are protein dithiol , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are proteindisulfide , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is protein dithiol NAD P oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include protein disulphide reductase , insulin glutathione transhydrogenase , disulfide reductase , and NAD P H2 proteindisulfide oxidoreductase . Structural studies As of late 2007, 8 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1UC7 , PDB link 1VRS , PDB link 1Z5Y , PDB link 2FWE , PDB link 2FWF , PDB link 2FWG , PDB link 2FWH , and PDB link 2PPT . References reflist 1 cite journal author HATCH MD, TURNER JF date 1960 title A protein disulphide reductase from pea seeds journal Biochem. J. volume 76 pages 556&ndash 62 pmid 13712218 pmc 1204833 issue 3 1.8 enzyme stub Category EC 1.8.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure it Proteina disolfuro reduttasi ja ... more details
Multiple issues wikify December 2010 orphan February 2009 context December 2007 Pfam box Symbol DsbB Name image 2hi7.gif width 250 caption Disulfide bond formation protein B red , complex with DsbA blue Pfam PF02600 InterPro IPR003752 SMART PROSITE SCOP TCDB 5.A.2 OPM family 194 OPM protein 2hi7 PDB PDB3 2hi7 Disulfide bond formation protein B DsbB is a protein component of the pathway that leads to disulfide bond formation in periplasmic proteins of Escherichia coli and other bacteria. The DsbB protein oxidizes the periplasmic protein DsbA which in turn oxidizes cysteines in other periplasmic proteins in order to make disulfide bonds ref name PUB00008228 cite journal author Lee JO, Beckwith J, Bardwell JC, Jander G, Martin N, Belin D title A pathway for disulfide bond formation in vivo journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 90 issue 3 pages 1038 1042 year 1993 pmid 8430071 doi 10.1073 pnas.90.3.1038 pmc 45806 ref . DsbB acts as a redox potential transducer across the cytoplasmic membrane. It is a membrane protein which spans the membrane four times with both the N and C termini of the protein are in the cytoplasm. Each of the periplasmic domains of the protein has two essential cysteine s. The two cysteines in the first periplasmic domain are in a Cys X Y Cys configuration that is characteristic of the active site of other proteins involved in disulfide bond formation, including DsbA and protein disulfide isomerase ref name PUB00008229 cite journal author Beckwith J, Jander G, Martin NL title Two cysteines in each periplasmic domain of the membrane protein DsbB are required for its function in protein disulfide bond formation journal EMBO J. volume 13 issue 21 pages 5121 5127 year 1994 pmid 7957076 pmc 395459 ref . References reflist InterPro content IPR003752 DEFAULTSORT Disulfide Bond Formation Protein B Category Protein domains Category Protein families Category Transmembrane proteins membrane protein stub ... more details
enzyme Name Trans 2 decenoyl acyl carrier proteinisomerase EC number 5.3.3.14 CAS number 9030 80 2 IUBMB EC number 5 3 3 14 GO code image width caption Orphan date February 2009 In enzymology , a trans 2 decenoyl acyl carrier proteinisomerase EC number 5.3.3.14 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction trans dec 2 enoyl acyl carrier protein math rightleftharpoons math cis dec 3 enoyl acyl carrier protein Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , trans dec 2 enoyl acyl carrier protein , and one product chemistry product , cis dec 3 enoyl acyl carrier protein . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductase s transposing C C bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is decenoyl acyl carrier protein Delta2 trans Delta3 cis isomerase . Other names in common use include beta hydroxydecanoyl thioester dehydrase , trans 2 cis 3 decenoyl ACP isomerase , trans 2,cis 3 decenoyl ACP isomerase , trans 2 decenoyl ACP isomerase , and FabM . References reflist 1 cite journal author Brock DJ, Kass LR, Bloch K date 1967 title Beta hydroxydecanoyl thioester dehydrase. II. Mode of action journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 242 pages 4432&ndash 40 pmid 4863740 issue 19 cite journal author Bloch K date 1969 title Enzymatic synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids journal Acc. Chem. Res. volume 2 pages 193&ndash 202 doi 10.1021 ar50019a001 issue 7 cite journal author Marrakchi H, Choi KH, Rock CO date 2002 title A new mechanism for anaerobic unsaturated fatty acid formation in Streptococcus pneumoniae journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 277 pages 44809&ndash 16 pmid 12237320 doi 10.1074 jbc.M208920200 issue 47 Neidhardt, F.C. Ed. , Escherichia coli and Salmonella Cellular and Molecular Biology, 2nd ed., vol. 1, ASM Press, Washington, DC, 1996, p. 612 636. isomerase stub Category EC 5.3.3 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
distinguish bisulfide Disulfur File Disulfide general formula.svg thumb right General structure of disulfides In chemistry , a disulfide usually refers to the structural unit composed of a linked pair of sulfur atoms. Disulfide usually refer to a chemical compound that contains a disulfide bond , such as diphenyl disulfide , C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub S SC sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub . Inorganic vs. organic disulfides The disulfide anion is S sub 2 sub sup 2 sup , or sup sup S S sup sup . Sulfur is usually assigned to the reduction chemistry reduced oxidation number 2, described as S sup 2 sup and called sulfide . It has the electron configuration of a noble gas argon . In disulfide, sulfur is only reduced to a state with oxidation number 1. Its configuration then resembles that of a chlorine atom. It thus tends to form a covalent bond with another S sup sup center to form S sub 2 sub sup 2 sup group ... disulfide FeS sub 2 sub , e.g. the mineral pyrite . Disulfur dichloride S sub 2 sub Cl sub 2 sub , a distillable liquid. In many cases, each of the sulfur atoms in a disulfide group is covalently bonded to a carbon atom in an organic compound , forming a disulfide bond , sometimes called a disulfide linkage or a disulfide bridge . Examples The amino acid cystine The vitamin lipoic acid center align ... Lipoic acid 3D balls.png 150px center center Image Diphenyl disulfide 3D balls.png 150px center center ... lipoic acid center center Ph sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub center center Misnomers Disulfide is also used to refer to compounds that contain two sulfide S sup 2 sup centers. The compound carbon disulfide , CS sub 2 sub is described with the structural formula i.e. S C S. This molecule is not a disulfide in the sense that it lacks a S S bond. Similarly, molybdenum disulfide , MoS sub 2 sub , is not a disulfide ... center Image Carbon disulfide 3D balls.png 200px center center Image Molybdenite 3D balls.png 200px ... Sulfides de Disulfide fa it Disolfuro ja pt Dissulfeto sr Disulfid fi ... more details
In biochemistry , an isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the structural rearrangement of isomer s. Isomerases thus catalyze reactions of the form A &rarr B where B is an isomer of A. Nomenclature The names of isomerases are formed as substrate isomerase for example, enoyl CoA isomerase , or as substrate type of isomerase for example, phosphoglucomutase . Classification Isomerases have their own Enzyme Commission number EC classification of enzymes EC 5 . Isomerases can be further classified into six subclasses Category EC 5.1 EC 5.1 includes enzymes that catalyze racemization racemase s and epimer ization epimerase s Category EC 5.2 EC 5.2 includes enzymes that catalyze the isomerization of geometric isomerism geometric isomers cis trans isomerase s Category EC 5.3 EC 5.3 includes intramolecular oxidoreductase s Category EC 5.4 EC 5.4 includes intramolecular transferase s mutase s Category EC 5.5 EC 5.5 includes intramolecular lyase s Category EC 5.99 EC 5.99 includes other isomerases including topoisomerase s References http www.chem.qmul.ac.uk iubmb enzyme EC5 intro.html EC 5 Introduction from the Department of Chemistry at Queen Mary, University of London isomerase. Dorland s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007. Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc 6 Nov. 2009 http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com isomeraseisomerase. Webster s New World College Dictionary. LoveToKnow, n.d. Web. 6 November 2009. http www.yourdictionary.com isomerase External links http www.gopubmed.org GoMeshPubMed gomeshpubmed ?tool HotTopicDirect&termAlt mesh 237535 GoPubMed Top authors, journals, places publishing on Isomerases Enzymes Isomerases Category Isomerases ar bs Izomeraza bg ca Isomerasa cs Izomer za da Isomerase de Isomerasen es Isomerasa fa fr Isom rase gl Isomerase it Isomerasi he lt Izomeraz s nl Isomerase ja pl Izomerazy pt Isomerase ru sv Isomeras tr zomeraz zh ... more details
exchange is the principal reaction by which disulfide bonds are formed and rearranged in a protein . The rearrangement of disulfide bonds within a protein generally occurs via intra protein thiol disulfide exchange reactions a thiol ate group of a cysteine residue attacks one of the protein s own disulfide ... the number of disulfide bonds within a protein, merely their location i.e., which cysteines are bonded ... the number of disulfide bonds within a protein. The oxidation and reduction of proteindisulfide bonds ... of a redox reagent such as glutathione or dithiothreitol attacks the disulfide bond on a protein forming a mixed disulfide bond between the protein and the reagent. This mixed disulfide bond when attacked ... is transferred from the protein to the reagent in two steps, both thiol disulfide exchange reactions. The in vivo oxidation and reduction of proteindisulfide bonds by thiol disulfide exchange is facilitated .... The prototype of a proteindisulfide bond is the two amino acid peptide cystine , which is composed ..., biasing the protein towards the folded topology. That is, the disulfide bond destabilizes the unfolded form of the protein by lowering its loop entropy entropy . 2 The disulfide bond may form the nucleus ..., the disulfide bond link two segments of the protein chain, the disulfide bond increases the effective ... pairing of cysteines in a disulfide bonded protein and is usually depicted by listing the disulfide ... protein such as ribonuclease A has 105 different four disulfide species, only one of which is the native ... doi 10.1146 annurev.biochem.72.121801.161459 pmid 12524212 title ProteinDisulfide Bond Formation in Prokaryotes ... title The human protein disulphide isomerase family substrate interactions and functional properties ... Functional group Protein posttranslational modification DEFAULTSORT Disulfide Bond Category Organic ...In chemistry , a disulfide bond Br.E. disulphide bond is a covalent bond , usually derived by the coupling of two thiol functional group group s. The linkage is also called an SS bond or disulfide bridge ... more details
disulfide through thiol disulfide exchange with proteindisulfide bond s or other low molecular mass compounds, such as coenzyme A disulfide or dehydroascorbic acid . ref cite journal author Holmgren ... Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Glutathione disulfide GSSG is a disulfide ... annurev.bi.52.070183.003431 ref In living cells, glutathione disulfide is reduced into two molecules ... glutathione disulfide during the reduction of peroxide s such as hydrogen peroxide H sub 2 ... ascorbate cycle NOV 002 NOV 205 Antioxidants References reflist DEFAULTSORT Glutathione Disulfide Category ... more details
enzyme Name glucuronate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.12 CAS number 9023 87 4 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 12 GO code 0008880 image width caption In enzymology , a glucuronate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.12 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D glucuronate math rightleftharpoons math D fructuronate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , D glucuronate , and one product chemistry product , D fructuronate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductase s interconverting aldose s and ketose s. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D glucuronate aldose ketose isomerase . Other names in common use include uronic isomerase , uronate isomerase , D glucuronate isomerase , uronic acid isomerase , and D glucuronate ketol isomerase . This enzyme participates in pentose and glucuronate interconversions . Structural studies As of late 2007, two tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1J5S and PDB link 2Q01 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ashwell G, Wahba AJ and Hickman J year 1960 title Uronic acid metabolism in bacteria. I. Purification and properties of uronic acid isomerase in Escherichia coli journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 235 pages 1559&ndash 1565 pmid 13794771 cite journal author KILGORE WW, STARR MP year 1959 title Catabolism of galacturonic and glucuronic acids by Erwinia carotovora journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 234 pages 2227&ndash 35 pmid 14409051 Category EC 5.3.1 Category Enzymes of known structure isomerase stub ... more details
Image Thiuram disulfide 2D.png thumb 200px General structure of a thiuram disulfide Thiuram disulfides are a class of organic compound organic disulfide s that have the general structural formula shown to the right. Preparation They are prepared from the oxidation of their corresponding sodium salts of thiocarbamate s with iodine 2 NaS sub 2 sub CNR sub 2 sub I sub 2 sub &rarr R sub 2 sub NC S S SC S NR sub 2 sub 2 NaI where R is an alkyl group Example The tetraethylthiuram disulfide compound, known as Disulfiram , is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking acetaldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of acetaldehyde leading to a higher concentration of the aldehyde in the blood producing symptoms of a severe hangover . Category Thiuram disulfides organic compound stub ... more details
enzyme Name arabinose isomerase EC number 5.3.1.3 CAS number 9023 81 8 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 3 GO code 0008790 image width caption In enzymology , an arabinose isomerase EC number 5.3.1.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D arabinose math rightleftharpoons math D ribulose Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , D arabinose , and one product chemistry product , D ribulose . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductases interconverting aldoses and ketoses. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D arabinose aldose ketose isomerase . Other names in common use include D arabinose L fucose isomerase , D arabinose isomerase , L fucose isomerase , and D arabinose ketol isomerase . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 1FUI . References reflist 1 cite journal author Cohen SS date 1953 title Studies on D ribulose and its enzymatic conversion to D arabinose journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 201 issue 1 pages 71&ndash 84 pmid 13044776 cite journal author Green M and Cohen SS date 1956 title Enzymatic conversion of L fucose to L fuculose journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 219 issue 2 pages 557&ndash 568 pmid 13319278 isomerase stub Category EC 5.3.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name maleylacetoacetate isomerase EC number 5.2.1.2 CAS number 9023 75 0 IUBMB EC number 5 2 1 2 GO code 0016034 image width caption In enzymology , a maleylacetoacetate isomerase EC number 5.2.1.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 4 maleylacetoacetate math rightleftharpoons math 4 fumarylacetoacetate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 4 Maleylacetoacetate 4 maleylacetoacetate , and one product chemistry product , 4 fumarylacetoacetate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically Cis trans isomerism cis trans isomerases . The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4 maleylacetoacetate cis trans isomerase . Other names in common use include maleylacetoacetic isomerase , maleylacetone isomerase , and maleylacetone cis trans isomerase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism and styrene degradation . Structural studies As of late 2007, 3 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1FW1 , PDB link 2CZ2 , and PDB link 2CZ3 . References reflist 1 cite journal author EDWARDS SW, KNOX WE date 1956 title Homogentisate metabolism the isomerization of maleylacetoacetate by an enzyme which requires glutathione journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 220 pages 79&ndash 91 pmid 13319328 issue 1 cite journal author Lack L date 1961 title Enzymic cis trans isomerization of maleylpyruvic acid journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 236 pages 2835&ndash 2840 pmid 14461395 cite journal author Seltzer S date 1973 title Purification and properties of maleylacetone cis trans isomerase from vibrio 01 journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 248 pages 215&ndash 22 pmid 4692831 issue 1 isomerase stub Category EC 5.2.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 435505331 Name Titanium disulfide IUPACName Titanium IV sulfide OtherNames Titanium Sulfide, titanium sulphide, titanium disulfide, titanium disulphide Section1 Chembox Identifiers ... CrystalStruct hexagonal , space group P overline 3 m1, No. 164 Dipole Titanium disulfide is a golden ... close packed structure hcp . Furthermore, the structure of titanium disulfide is analogous to Cadmium ..., Jonathan author4 Armstrong, Mark author5 Atkins, Fraser ref Additionally, titanium disulfide ... scale structure is essential to understanding the properties of titanium disulfide. S Ti S sheets are formed through covalent bonds. ref name hydrogenstorage cite journal title Titanium disulfide nanotubes ..., describes how intercalation changes the electronic properties of titanium disulfide ... of titanium disulfide. ref name caltechsite http authors.library.caltech.edu 5456 1 hrst.mit.edu hrs materials public Titanium disulfide.htm ref The nanostructure of titanium disulfide can also be varied ..., fullerenes , and even flower like arrangements of titanium disulfide have been synthesized. Different ... of diffusion of intercalants into the material. Titanium disulfide is commonly used as a cathode in lithium ... of titanium disulfide nanotubes journal Chem. Commun. year 2003 issue 8 pages 980 981 doi 10.1039 ... conductivity is increased when intercalation of electron donors occurs. Titanium disulfide is a good ... process allows the battery to be rechargeable. Additionally, titanium disulfide is the lightest ..., J author2 Stoldt, C author3 Lee, S H ref In the 1990s, titanium disulfide was replaced by other cathode ... name Libatterycathode In addition to its use as a battery cathode, titanium disulfide can be used ... File Titanium Disulfide structure CHEM 511.jpg thumb Hexagonal close packed structure of titanium disulfide where blue spheres represent titanium cations and clear spheres represent sulfide anions. Titanium disulfide, TiS sub 2 sub , is a transition metal dichalcogenide with a well defined ... more details
isomerase PRAI is monomeric and labile in most mesophilic microorganisms, but protein dimer ...enzyme Name phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.24 CAS number 37259 82 8 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 24 GO code 0004640 image width caption Infobox protein family Symbol PRAI Name PRAI image PDB 1dl3 EBI.jpg width caption crystal structure of mutually generated monomers of dimeric phosphoribosylantranilate isomerase from thermotoga maritima Pfam PF00697 Pfam clan CL0036 InterPro IPR001240 SMART PROSITE MEROPS SCOP 1pii TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD In enzymology , a phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.24 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the third step of tryptophan ... to tryptophan Escherichia coli Anthranilate synthetase, PR transferase, PRA isomerase, InGP synthetase ... . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductase ... beta D ribosyl anthranilate aldose ketose isomerase . Other names in common use include PRA isomerase , PRAI , IGPS PRAI indole 3 glycerol phosphate , synthetase N 5 phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase complex , and N 5 phospho beta D ribosyl anthranilate ketol isomerase . This enzyme participates ... generated monomers of dimeric phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase from Thermotoga maritima journal ... loop . The protein subunit subunits of tPRAI associate via the N terminal faces of their central ... of the N terminal methionine s and the C terminal leucines of both Protein subunit subunits are immobilized ... at 2.0 A resolution of phosphoribosyl anthranilate isomerase from the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima possible determinants of protein stability journal Biochemistry volume 36 issue 20 pages 6009 ... structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes ... InterPro content IPR001240 isomerase stub Category EC 5.3.1 Category Enzymes of known structure Category Protein domains ... more details
enzyme Name chalcone isomerase EC number 5.5.1.6 CAS number 9073 57 8 IUBMB EC number 5 5 1 6 GO code 0045430 image width caption Infobox protein family Symbol Chalcone Name Chalcone isomerase image PDB 1jep EBI.jpg width caption chalcone isomerase complexed with 4 hydroxyflavanone Pfam PF02431 Pfam clan InterPro IPR003466 SMART PROSITE MEROPS SCOP 1eyp TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD In enzymology , a chalcone isomerase EC number 5.5.1.6 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction a chalcone math rightleftharpoons math a flavanone Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , a chalconoid chalcone , and one product chemistry product , a flavanone . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically the class of intramolecular lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is flavanone lyase decyclizing . This enzyme is also called chalcone flavanone isomerase . This enzyme participates in flavonoid biosynthesis . The Petunia hybrida Petunia genome contains two genes coding for very similar enzymes, ChiA and ChiB, but only the first seems to encode a functional chalcone isomerase. Structural studies As of late 2007, 7 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1EYP , PDB link 1EYQ , PDB link 1FM7 , PDB link 1FM8 , PDB link 1JEP , PDB link 1JX0 , and PDB link 1JX1 . Chalcone isomerase has a core 2 layer alpha beta secondary structure structure consisting of beta 3 alpha 2 beta alpha 2 beta 3 . ref name pmid10966651 cite journal author Jez JM, Bowman ... chalcone isomerase journal Nat. Struct. Biol. volume 7 issue 9 pages 786 91 year 2000 month September ... author Moustafa E and Wong E year 1967 title Purification and properties of chalcone flavanone isomerase ... doi 10.1016 S0031 9422 00 86001 X issue 5 InterPro content IPR003466 Category Protein domains Category EC 5.5.1 Category Enzymes of known structure isomerase stub ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 443861260 Name Hydrogen disulfide ImageFile Hydrogen disulfide bonds.png ImageName ImageFile2 H2S2 CM 3D balls.png IUPACName Dihydrogen disulfide OtherNames Hydrogen disulphide Hydrogen persulfide Hydrogen persulphide Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 97274 PubChem 108196 InChI 1 H2S2 c1 2 h1 2H InChIKey BWGNESOTFCXPMA UHFFFAOYAV ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 33114 SMILES SS StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S H2S2 c1 2 h1 2H StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey BWGNESOTFCXPMA UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 13465 07 1 RTECS Section2 Chembox Properties H 2 S 2 Appearance yellow liquid Density 1.334 g cm sup 3 sup Solubility MeltingPtC 89.6 BoilingPtC 70.7 Section3 Chembox Structure Coordination CrystalStruct Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS EUClass RPhrases SPhrases FlashPt flammable Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Hydrogen peroxide br Hydrogen sulfide OtherCations Hydrogen disulfide H sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub is an inorganic compound . This mal odorous oil decomposes readily to hydrogen sulfide H sub 2 sub S . Structure The structure of hydrogen disulfide is similar ..., the skew angle of the molecule is different, as the H S S bond in hydrogen disulfide has a near ... spectra of hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen disulfide ab initio calculations volume 28 issue 4 pages ... in hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen disulfide molecules within the random phase approximation ... 9 ref Synthesis and reactions Hydrogen disulfide can be synthesised by dissolving alkali metal alkali ... will pool below the aqueous layer. Fractional distillation of this oil gives hydrogen disulfide separate ... of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Volume I, page 391, Wiley, 1963. ref Hydrogen disulfide readily ... chemistry , hydrogen disulfide adds to alkene s to give disulfide s and thiol s. ref ... disulfide has been described as having a severe and irritating odour that is similar to camphor or sulfur ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 414430474 Name Diphenyl disulfide ImageFile Diphenyl disulfide.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Skeletal formula of diphenyl disulfide ImageFile1 Diphenyl disulfide from xtal 3D balls.png ImageSize1 230px ImageName1 Ball and stick model of diphenyl disulfide PIN Disulfanyldibenzene IUPACName Diphenyl disulfide OtherNames Phenyl disulfide Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES c1ccc cc1 SSc2ccccc2 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 12861 PubChem 13436 InChI 1 C12H10S2 c1 3 7 11 8 4 1 13 14 12 9 5 2 6 10 12 h1 10H InChIKey GUUVPOWQJOLRAS UHFFFAOYAY ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 462861 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C12H10S2 c1 3 7 11 8 4 1 13 14 12 9 5 2 6 10 12 h1 10H StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey GUUVPOWQJOLRAS UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 882 33 7 RTECS SS6825000 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 12 sub H sub 10 sub S sub 2 sub MolarMass 218.36 g mol Appearance Colourless crystals Density ? g cm sup 3 sup Solubility Insoluble Solvent other solvents SolubleOther Diethyl ether , br Benzene , br Carbon disulfide , br THF MeltingPt 61 62 C BoilingPt Section3 Chembox Structure CrystalStruct Dipole 0 Debye D Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS MainHazards Flammable FlashPt RPhrases 36 37 38 SPhrases 26 Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Thiophenol C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub SH , br Dimethyl disulfide CH sub 3 sub sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub , br Diphenyl diselenide Diphenyl disulfide is the chemical compound with the formula C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub S sub ... of the most popular organic disulfide s used in organic synthesis . Minor contamination by thiophenol ... Oxidation of Sulfur Compounds in Trifluoroethanol Diphenyl Disulfide and Methyl Phenyl Sulfoxide ... as a source of the PhS substituent. ref Byers, J. H. Diphenyl Disulfide in Encyclopedia of Reagents ... reacts with chlorine to give phenylsulfenyl chloride PhSCl Zincke disulfide cleavage . This species ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 470456193 ImageFileL1 Dimethyl disulfide expanded.svg ImageSizeL1 100px ImageFileR1 Dimethyl disulfide skeletal.svg ImageSizeR1 100px ImageFileL2 Dimethyl disulfide 3D balls.png ImageSizeL2 100px ImageFileR2 Dimethyl disulfide spacefill.png ImageSizeR2 100px IUPACName Methyldisulfanyl methane OtherNames Dimethyl disulphide Methyl disulfide Methyldisulfide Dimethyldisulfide Methyldithiomethane 2,3 Dithiabutane Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations DMDS CASNo 624 92 0 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 4608 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C2H6S2 c1 3 4 2 h1 2H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey WQOXQRCZOLPYPM UHFFFAOYSA N PubChem 12232 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 11731 SMILES S SC C InChI InChI 1S C2H6S2 c1 3 4 2 h1 2H3 Section2 Chembox Properties C 2 H 6 S 2 Appearance Colorless to yellowish liquid ref name GESTIS GESTIS ZVG 10510 ref Density 1.06 g cm sup 3 sup ref name GESTIS MeltingPtC 85 Melting notes ref name GESTIS BoilingPtC 110 Boiling notes ref name GESTIS Solubility 2.5 g L 20 C ref name GESTIS Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt convert 15 C F ref name GESTIS Autoignition convert 370 C F ref name GESTIS LD50 190 mg kg oral, rat ref name thegoodscentscompany http www.thegoodscentscompany.com data rw1008081.html Dimethyl disulfide , Good Scents Company ref Dimethyl disulfide DMDS is an organic compound organic chemical compound with the molecular formula CH sub 3 sub SSCH sub 3 sub which is the simplest disulfide . It is a flammable liquid with an unpleasant odor. Occurrence Dimethyl disulfide along with dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl trisulfide have been confirmed as volatile compounds given off by the fly attracting plant known as dead horse arum Helicodiceros muscivorus . These flies are attracted to the odor ... index.cfm?pag 118 Dimethyl Disulfide DMDS , Arkema, Inc. ref References reflist Category Organic disulfides ... more details
enzyme Name maleylpyruvate isomerase EC number 5.2.1.4 CAS number 9023 77 2 IUBMB EC number 5 2 1 4 GO code 0050077 image width caption In enzymology , a maleylpyruvate isomerase EC number 5.2.1.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 3 maleylpyruvate math rightleftharpoons math 3 fumarylpyruvate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 3 maleylpyruvate , and one product chemistry product , 3 fumarylpyruvate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically Cis trans isomerism cis trans isomerases . The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3 maleylpyruvate cis trans isomerase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism . Structural studies As of late 2007, two tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 2NSF and PDB link 2NSG . References reflist 1 cite journal author Lack L date 1961 title Enzymic cis trans isomerization of maleylpyruvic acid journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 236 pages 2835&ndash 2840 pmid 14461395 isomerase stub Category EC 5.2.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
Distinguish D xylose isomerase enzyme Name Glucose 6 phosphate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.9 CAS number 9001 41 6 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 9 GO code 0004347 image Glucose 6 phosphate isomerase 1GZV wpmp.png width caption Infobox protein family Symbol bact PGI C Name Bacterial phospho glucose isomerase C terminal ... 1pgi TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD PBB geneid 2821 Glucose 6 phosphate isomerase alternatively known as phosphoglucose isomerase or phosphohexose isomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion ... multifunctional phosphoglucose isomerase proteins involved in energy pathways. The protein encoded by this gene ... isomerase from pyrobaculum aerophilum in complex with fructose 6 phosphate Pfam PF10432 Pfam clan InterPro IPR019490 SMART PROSITE MEROPS SCOP TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD Infobox protein family ... glucose phosphate isomerase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch ... 6 phosphate. glucose 6 phosphate fructose 6 phosphate The protein has different functions inside and outside the cell. In the cytoplasm , the protein is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis .... The same protein is also secreted by cancer cells, where it is called autocrine motility factor ref ... and pathological significance of autocrine motility factor glucose 6 phosphate isomerase expression ... phosphohexose isomerase polypeptide journal Cancer Res. volume 56 issue 13 pages 2960 ... Phosphoglucose isomerase reverse enzyme Phosphoglucose isomerase substrate small D small Glucose ... Isomerization of glucose Enzymatic Reaction foward enzyme Phosphoglucose isomerase reverse enzyme Phosphoglucose isomerase substrate small D small Glucose product small D small Fructose reaction direction ... Mechanism The mechanism of glucose 6 phosphate isomerase involves the formation of an enediol ... isomerase and phosphomannose isomerase date 12 year 1956 month Sep url www.jbc.org content 225 1 419.full.pdf ref Other functions There is evidence that phosphoglucose isomerase acts as a molecular ... more details
enzyme Name S methyl 5 thioribose 1 phosphate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.23 CAS number 91608 95 6 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 23 GO code 0046523 image width caption In enzymology , a S methyl 5 thioribose 1 phosphate isomerase EC number 5.3.1.23 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S methyl 5 thio alpha D ribose 1 phosphate math rightleftharpoons math S methyl 5 thio D ribulose 1 phosphate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , S methyl 5 thio alpha D ribose 1 phosphate , and one product chemistry product , S methyl 5 thio D ribulose 1 phosphate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductase s interconverting aldose s and ketose s. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S methyl 5 thio alpha D ribose 1 phosphate aldose ketose isomerase . Other names in common use include methylthioribose 1 phosphate isomerase , 1 PMTR isomerase , 5 methylthio 5 deoxy D ribose 1 phosphate ketol isomerase , S methyl 5 thio 5 deoxy D ribose 1 phosphate ketol isomerase , S methyl 5 thio 5 deoxy D ribose 1 phosphate , aldose ketose isomerase , 1 phospho 5 S methylthioribose isomerase , and S methyl 5 thio D ribose 1 phosphate aldose ketose isomerase . This enzyme participates in methionine metabolism . Structural studies As of late 2007, two tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1T9K and PDB link 1W2W . References reflist 1 cite journal author RH date 1984 title Characterization of a defect in the pathway for converting 5 deoxy 5 methylthioadenosine to methionine in a subline of a cultured heterogeneous human colon carcinoma journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 259 pages 6715&ndash 9 pmid 6725268 last2 Savarese first2 TM last3 Dexter first3 DL last4 Parks Jr first4 RE last5 Trackman first5 PC last6 Abeles first6 RH ... issue 20 isomerase stub Category EC 5.3.1 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name xylose isomerase EC number 5.3.1.5 CAS number 9023 82 9 IUBMB EC number 5 3 1 5 GO code 0009045 image 2glk.png width caption D Xylose isomerase tetramer from Streptomyces rubiginosus Protein Data Bank PDB PDBe 2glk ref cite pmid 16707576 ref . One monomer is coloured by secondray structure to highlight the TIM barrel architecture. In enzymology , a xylose isomerase EC number 5.3.1.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D xylose math rightleftharpoons math D xylulose This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductase s interconverting aldose s and ketose s. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D xylose aldose ketose isomerase . Other names in common use include D xylose isomerase , D xylose ketoisomerase , and D xylose ketol isomerase . This enzyme participates in pentose and glucuronate interconversions and fructose and mannose metabolism. The enzyme is used industrially to convert glucose to fructose in the manufacture of high fructose corn syrup . It is sometimes referred to as glucose isomerase . Structural studies Xylose isomerase enzymes exhibit a TIM barrel fold with the active site in the centre of the barrel and a tetrameric quaternary structure ref http www.ebi.ac.uk pdbe srv PDBeXplore enzyme ?ec 5.3.1.5&tab assemblies ref . PDB structures are available in the links in the infobox to the right. References reflist 1 cite journal author HOCHSTER RM, WATSON RW date 1954 title Enzymatic isomerization of D xylose to D xylulose journal Arch. Biochem. Biophys. volume 48 pages 120&ndash 9 pmid 13125579 doi 10.1016 0003 9861 54 90313 6 issue 1 cite journal author Slein MW date 1955 title Xylose isomerase from Pasteurella pestis, strain A 1122 journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 77 pages ..., crystallization and properties of the D xylose isomerase from Lactobacillus brevis journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. volume 151 pages 670&ndash 80 pmid 5646045 issue 3 isomerase stub Category ... more details
Hydrogen sulfide OtherFunctn Function OtherCpds Selenium disulfide is an inorganic compound with the approximate ... This compound is not an analogue of sulfur dioxide . Medicinal selenium disulfide The material commercially called selenium disulfide is sold as an Antifungal medication antifungal agent in shampoo ... prescription . At the 2.5 strength, selenium disulfide is also used on the body to treat tinea versicolor ... File 1,2,3 Se3S5.svg thumb left Structure of 1,2,3 Se sub 3 sub S sub 5 sub Selenium disulfide ... of S and Se atoms, Se sub n sub S sub 8 nowiki &minus nowiki n sub. . ref name Steudel Selenium disulfide ... Blue , a shampoo with selenium disulfide as its active ingredient. Ketoconazole , another antifungal ... fr Sulfure de s l nium it Disolfuro di selenio pt Sulfeto de sel nio simple Selenium disulfide ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 431499092 ImageFile GeS2structure.jpg ImageFile Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageSize 244 ImageName Ball and stick model of crystaline germanium disulfide. SystematicName Germanium IV sulfide Citation needed date May 2011 Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 12025 34 2 CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS PubChem 82816 PubChem Ref Pubchemcite correct pubchem ChemSpiderID 74732 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider EINECS 234 705 1 SMILES S Ge S StdInChI 1S GeS2 c2 1 3 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider InChI 1 GeS2 c2 1 3 StdInChIKey YIZVROFXIVWAAZ UHFFFAOYSA N StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider InChIKey YIZVROFXIVWAAZ UHFFFAOYAU Section2 Chembox Properties Ge 1 S 2 ExactMass 137.865319593 g mol sup 1 sup Appearance White, translucent crystals Density 2.94 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtC 800 Section3 Chembox Structure CrystalStruct monoclinic , Pearson symbol mP36 SpaceGroup Pc, No. 7 Coordination tetrahedral at Ge, bent at S Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Carbon disulfide br Germanium dioxide br Germanium diselenide br Germanium monosulfide br Lead disulfide br Silicon sulfide br Tin disulfide Germanium disulfide refers to the chemical compound with the formula Germanium Ge Sulfur S sub 2 sub . It is a colourless white crystalline material, which melts at roughly 800 C. ref cite journal author Otto H. Johnson title Germanium and its Inorganic Compounds journal Chem. Rev. year 1952 volume 3 pages 431 doi 10.1021 cr60160a002 ref ref cite journal title Preparation and properties of GeS sub 2 sub single crystals author A. V. Golubkov, G. B. Dubrovskii and A. I. Shelykh journal Semiconductors issue 7 volume 32 year 1998 doi 10.1134 1.1187494 pages 734&ndash 735 ref History Germanium sulfide was the first germanium compound found by Clemens Winkler during the analysis of argyrodite . The fact that germanium sulfide is not soluble in acidic water made it possible for Winkler to isolate the new element from the other elem ... more details
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