chembox verifiedrevid 464376025 Name Psoralen IUPACName 7H furo 3,2 g chromen 7 one OtherNames 7H furo ... ImageName Chemical structure of psoralen Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite ... MeltingPt 158 161 C Density Psoralen also called psoralene is the parent compound in a family of natural ... furan ring, and may be considered as a derivative of umbelliferone . Psoralen occurs naturally ... West Indian satinwood . It is widely used in PUVA Psoralen UVA treatment for psoriasis , eczema ... are indeed used in streams in Indonesia to catch fish. Uses An important use of psoralen is in PUVA ... advantage of the high Ultraviolet UV absorbance of psoralen. The psoralen is applied first to sensitise the skin, then UVA light is applied to clean up the skin problem. Psoralen has also been ... leukocytes before UV radiation is applied. Psoralen is a mutagen and is used for this purpose in molecular biology research. Psoralen intercalates into the DNA and, on exposure to ultraviolet ... preferentially at 5 TpA sites in the genome, inducing apoptosis . Psoralen plus UVA PUVA therapy ... of psoralen, ref name Ashwood1980 cite journal author M. J. Ashwood Smith G. A. Poulton M. Barker ... J. P. title Should subjects who used psoralen suntan activators be screened for melanoma? url ..., but users should keep in mind that psoralen increases your skin s sensitivity to light. Some patients have even had severe skin loss after sunbathing with psoralen containing tanning activators ... The synthetic amino psoralen, amotosalen HCl, has been developed for the inactivation of infectious ... Psoralen derivatives.png 650px center Structures of angelicin, xanthotoxin, bergapten and nodekenetin One isomer of psoralen is angelicin , and most furocoumarins can be regarded as derivatives of psoralen or angelicin. Some important psoralen derivatives are Imperatorin , xanthotoxin , bergapten ... singlet oxygen. Structure The structure of psoralen was originally deduced using its degradation reactions ... more details
enzyme Name Psoralen synthase EC number 1.14.13.102 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 14 13 102 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a psoralen synthase EC number 1.14.13.102 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction marmesin NADPH H sup sup O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math psoralen NADP sup sup acetone 2 H sub 2 sub O The 4 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are marmesin , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are psoralen , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , acetone , and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is . This enzyme is also called CYP71AJ1 . References reflist 1 cite journal author F, Matern U year 2007 title Molecular cloning and functional characterization of psoralen synthase, the first committed monooxygenase of furanocoumarin biosynthesis journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 282 pages 542&ndash 54 pmid 17068340 doi 10.1074 jbc.M604762200 last2 Kellner first2 S last3 Specker first3 S last4 Hehn first4 A last5 Gontier first5 E last6 Hans first6 J last7 Bourgaud first7 F last8 Matern first8 U issue 1 Category EC 1.14.13 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure 1.14.13 enzyme stub ja ... more details
List of drugs Top 1 9 1 8 1 Day 2 CdA 2 PAM 292 MEP 311C90 3F8 3M Avagard 3M Cavilon Skin Cleanser 3TC 5 ASA 5 FC 5 FU 6 MP 642 Tablet 8 Hour Bayer Extended release Bayer 8 Hour , a form of aspirin 8 methoxy psoralen , also known as methoxsalen International Nonproprietary Name INN 8 Mop or 8 methoxy psoralen, also known as methoxsalen INN ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 11 sub H sub 6 sub O sub 3 sub The molecular formula C sub 11 sub H sub 6 sub O sub 3 sub may refer to Angelicin Psoralen MolFormDisambig 186.16 g mol fr C11H6O3 it C11H6O3 ... more details
A PUVA keratosis is a precancerous keratotic skin lesion that arises from exposure to psoralen plus ultraviolet light ultraviolet A light therapy. ref name Fitz2 Freedberg, et. al. 2003 . Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine . 6th ed. . McGraw Hill. ISBN 0071380760. ref rp 730 See also PUVA induced acrobullous dermatosis List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Category Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, cysts Epidermal growth stub ... more details
Orphan date September 2011 DISPLAYTITLE C sub 12 sub H sub 8 sub O sub 4 sub The molecular formula C sub 12 sub H sub 8 sub O sub 4 sub molar mass 216.19 g mol may refer to Bergapten , a psoralen found in bergamot essential oil Methoxsalen , a drug used to treat psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo Category Molecular formulas ... more details
ref After the evidence for the photocarcinogenic potential of psoralen emerged, sunscreens which combined UVB filters and psoralen were introduced onto the market. These products were accompanied ... name Autier1997 Psoralen tanning lotions were available in France , Belgium and Greece . Mechanism ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2009 Interventions infobox Name Ultraviolet light therapy Image Caption ICD10 ICD10PCS 6A8 6 A 8 ICD9 ICD9proc 99.82 MeshID D014467 OPS301 OtherCodes Ultraviolet light therapy or ultraviolet Phototherapy is a form of treatment for certain skin disorders including atopic atopic skin disorder and vitiligo when used with psoralen to form the PUVA treatment It consists mostly of the UVA band of ultraviolet light fairly closely matching the ultraviolet output from the sun and is usually delivered from a fluorescent bulb specially designed to output this frequency of ultraviolet. This treatment is similar to the light from good quality solariums but differs from the mainly UVB ultraviolet band used to treat psoriasis . See also light therapy Extracorporeal assistance, performance, and therapy Category Dermatologic procedures treatment stub ... more details
Refimprove date May 2009 Interventions infobox Name PAGENAME Image Caption ICD10 ICD9unlinked MeshID D011701 OPS301 OtherCodes PUVA is a psoralen Ultraviolet UVA treatment for eczema , psoriasis , graft versus host disease and vitiligo , and mycosis fungoides . ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp 686 The psoralen is applied or taken orally to sensitize the skin, then the skin is exposed to UVA. Long term use has been associated with higher rates of skin cancer. http www.medicinenet.com script main art.asp?articlekey 548 Psoralens are photosensitizing agents found in plants. They have been known since ancient Egypt but have only been available in a chemically synthesized form since the 1970s. Psoralens are taken systemically or can be applied directly to the skin. The psoralens allow a relatively lower dose of UVA to be used. When they are combined with exposure to UVA in PUVA, they are highly effective at clearing psoriasis . Like UVB light treatments, the reason remains unclear, though investigators speculate there may be similar effects on cell turnover and the skin s immune response. Choosing the proper dose for PUVA is similar to the procedure followed with UVB. The physician can choose a dose based on the patient s skin type. Often, however, a small area of the patient s skin will be exposed to UVA after ingestion of psoralen. The dose of UVA that produces uniform redness 72 hours later, called the minimum phototoxic dose MPD , becomes the starting dose for treatment. Some patients experience nausea and itching after ingesting the psoralen compound. For these patients PUVA bath therapy may be a good option. Some patients may have ultra violet light skin damage and cancer may be caused, in the same way too much ultra violet exposure to the sun may cause cancer. See als ... more details
orphan date August 2010 Hirsuties is the growth in a woman of coarse terminal hair in a male distribution. Causes Hereditary causes and a wide variety of growth patterns across and within ethnic groups can lead to this condition presenting. It can also be caused by a number of endocrine imbalances, including Cushings syndrome and polycystic ovaries. Iatrogenic causes include anabolic steroid s, androgen s, corticosteroid s, danazol , phenytoin and psoralen . See also Hypertrichosis References ABC of Dermatology, 5th edition, Buxton, BMJ 2003, page 55. Category Endocrine gonad disorders ... more details
first5 PJ title Comparison of oral psoralen UV A with a portable tanning unit at home vs hospital administered bath psoralen UV A in patients with chronic hand eczema an open label randomized controlled ... first3 FE last4 Seidman first4 MM title Psoralen conjugates for visualization of genomic interstrand ... 2 O psoralen conjugated adenosine issue 49 pages 331 2 doi 10.1093 nass 49.1.331 journal Nucleic acids ... more details
Image Psoralen.png thumb right Psoralen Image Angelicin.png thumb right Angelicin Furanocoumarins , or furocoumarins , are a class of organic compound organic chemical compounds produced by a variety of plants. They are biosynthesized partly through the phenylpropanoid pathway and the mevalonate pathway , which is biosynthesized by a coupling of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate DMAPP and umbelliferone 7 hydroxycoumarin umbelliferone . The chemical structure of furanocoumarins consists of a furan ring fused with coumarin . The furan may be fused in different ways producing several isomer s. The compounds that form the core structure of the two most common isomers are psoralen and angelicin . Derivatives of these two core structures are referred to respectively as linear and angular furanocoumarins. ref GoldBookRef title furanocoumarins file F02558 GoldBookRef title furocoumarins file F02562 ref Many furanocoumarins are toxic and are produced by plants as a defense mechanism against various types of predators ranging from insect s to mammal s. ref http www.life.uiuc.edu berenbaum newpage1.htm Professor May Berenbaum s research page University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign ref This class of phytochemical is responsible for the phytophotodermatitis seen in exposure to the juices of the wild parsnip and the Giant Hogweed . Furanocoumarins have other biological effects as well. For example, in humans, bergamottin and dihydroxybergamottin are responsible for the List of drugs affected by grapefruit grapefruit juice effect , in which these furanocoumarins affect the metabolism of certain drugs. ref cite journal author Kakar SM, Paine MF, Stewart PW, Watkins PB title 6 ,7 Dihydroxybergamottin contributes to the grapefruit juice effect journal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics pmid 15179411 year 2004 volume 75 issue 6 pages 569 579 doi 10.1016 j.clpt.2004.02.007 ref References references coumarin Category Furanocoumarins cs Furanokumarin de Furocumarine fr Furocoumarine it Furanocumarina ... more details
taxobox regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Fabales familia Fabaceae genus Psoralea species P. corylifolia binomial Psoralea corylifolia binomial authority Carl Linnaeus L. Psoralea corylifolia Babchi is an important plant in the Culture of India Indian Ayurveda and Tamil Siddha systems of history of medicine medicine , and also Chinese medicine. The seeds of this plant contain a variety of coumarin s including psoralen . The seeds have a variety of medicinal uses, but the specific role if any of psoralen in these uses is unknown. Psoralen itself has a number of commercial uses. An extract of the plant s fruit Fructus psorale has been shown to act as a norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor . ref name pmid17555897 cite journal author Zhao G, Li S, Qin GW, Fei J, Guo LH title Inhibitive effects of Fructus Psoraleae extract on dopamine transporter and noradrenaline transporter. journal J Ethnopharmacol year 2007 volume 112 issue 3 pages 498 506 pmid 17555897 doi 10.1016 j.jep.2007.04.013 ref P. corylifolia extract contains a number of bioactive compounds that are the molecular basis of its action, including flavonoids neobavaisoflavone , isobavachalcone , bavachalcone , bavachinin , bavachin , corylin , corylifol , corylifolin and 6 prenylnaringenin , coumarins psoralidin , psoralen , isopsoralen and angelicin and meroterpenes bakuchiol and 3 hydroxybakuchiol . ref Zhao LH, Huang CY, Shan Z, Xiang BG, Mei LH Fingerprint analysis of Psoralea corylifolia by HLPC and LC MS. J Chromatogr B, 2005, 821, 67 74 ref div One study in rats suggested that bakuchiol and ethanol extracts of P. corylifolia could protect against bone loss. ref Lim SH, Ha TY, Kim SR, Ahn J, Park HJ, Kim S., Ethanol extract of Psoralea corylifolia L. and its main constituent, bakuchiol, reduce bone loss in ovariectomised Sprague Dawley rats. Br J Nutr . 2009 Apr 101 7 1031 9 ref Bakuchiol isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant, Psoral ... more details
Edition. Benjamin Cummings Publication ref Psoralen s are natural compounds furocoumarins present ... . Covalent adducts are formed by linking 3, 4 pyrone or 4 , 5 furan edge of psoralen to 5 ... intercalating in DNA and linking one base of the DNA with the one below it. Psoralen adducts cause ... adduct formation PDB 204D Interactive structure for psoralen and crosslinked DNA Psoralen Ultraviolet ... more details
synthase to yield marmesin. Another hydroxylation is catalyzed by psoralen synthase to yield psoralen . A third hydroxylation by the enzyme psoralen 8 monooxygenase yields xanthotoxol which is followed ... more details
ATC codes lead D 05 Antipsoriatics In ATCvet, this subgroup is named QD05 Drugs for keratoseborrheic disorders . anchor D05A D05A Antipsoriatics for topical use In ATCvet, this subgroup is named QD05A Drugs for keratoseborrheic disorders, topical use . anchor D05AA D05AA Tar s anchor D05AC D05AC Antracen derivatives D05AC01 Dithranol D05AC51 Dithranol, combinations anchor D05AD D05AD Psoralen s for topical use D05AD01 Trioxysalen D05AD02 Methoxsalen anchor D05AX D05AX Other antipsoriatics for topical use In ATCvet, this subgroup is named QD05AX Other drugs for keratoseborrheic disorders for topical use . D05AX01 Fumaric acid D05AX02 Calcipotriol D05AX03 Calcitriol D05AX04 Tacalcitol D05AX05 Tazarotene D05AX52 Calcipotriol, combinations anchor D05B D05B Antipsoriatics for systemic use In ATCvet, this subgroup is named QD05B Drugs for keratoseborrheic disorders, systemic use . anchor D05BA D05BA Psoralens for systemic use D05BA01 Trioxysalen D05BA02 Methoxsalen D05BA03 Bergapten anchor D05BB D05BB Retinoid s for treatment of psoriasis D05BB01 Etretinate D05BB02 Acitretin anchor D05BX D05BX Other antipsoriatics for systemic use In ATCvet, this subgroup is named QD05BX Other drugs for keratoseborrheic disorders for systemic use . D05BX51 Fumaric acid derivatives, combinations References Reflist Antipsoriatics Category ATC codes D05 Category Antipsoriatics ca Codi ATC D05 cs ATC k d D05 es Anexo C digo ATC D05 ko ATC D05 hu ATC D05 Pszori zis elleni szerek pl ATC D05 ro Cod ATC D05 sv ATC kod D05 Medel vid psoriasis th ATC D05 ... more details
Drugbox IUPAC name 1 2 4 6 methoxy 2 phenyl 3,4 dihydronaphthalen 1 yl phenoxy ethyl pyrrolidine image Nafoxidine.png Clinical data tradename Identifiers CAS number 1845 11 0 ATC prefix none PubChem 4416 ChemSpiderID 4263 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 4RIY10WM82 ChEMBL 28211 Chemical data C 28 H 31 N 1 O 2 molecular weight 425.562 g mol smiles COC1 CC2 C C C1 C C CC2 C3 CC CC C3 C4 CC C C C4 OCCN5CCCC5 Nafoxidine U 11,000A is a non steroid al anti estrogen ic drug that has been investigated to treat advanced breast cancer. ref cite doi 10.1002 mpo.2950040207 ref It is structurally related to tamoxifen . The drug is one of a series of similar structures invented by Dan Lednicer at Upjohn . An earlier compound known as http www.sciencebase.com serendipity and science.html U 11,555 is related to Nafoxidine was found to cause photosensitivity in human volunteers as for example does psoralen . File U 11,555 image.png thumb left See D. Lednicer, J.C. Babcock, P.E. Marlatt, S.C. Lyster, G.W. Duncan, J.Med.Chem., 8, 52 1965 . for details. ref http dx.doi.org 10.1021 2Fjm00325a013 ref Synthesis The synthesis depicted is more modern, but also see Lasofoxifene for an earlier synthesis. File Nafoxidine synthesis.png 500px Cameron, C. O. Dasilva Jardine, P. A. Rosati, R. L. 1996, US Patent 5,552,412 . References Reflist Category Experimental cancer drugs Category Pyrrolidines Category Phenol ethers Category Dilines Chemotherapeutic agents Sex hormones antineoplastic drug stub ... more details
Cleanup date March 2009 Refimprove date June 2008 Infobox disease Name Photodermatitis Image Sun poisoning.JPG ImageSize 200px Caption An image of a patch of sun poisoning on the left forearm DiseasesDB 24609 ICD10 ICD10 L 57 8 l 55 ICD9 ICD9 692.79 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D010787 Photodermatitis , sometimes referred to as sun poisoning or photoallergy is a form of allergic contact dermatitis in which the allergen must be activated by light to sensitize the allergic response, and to cause a rash or other systemic effects on subsequent exposure. The second and subsequent exposures produce photoallergic skin conditions which are often eczema tous. Causes Many medications and conditions can cause sun sensitivity, including Psoralen s, coal tar s, photo active dyes eosin , acridine orange Musk ambrette , methylcoumarin , lemon oil may be present in fragrances PABA found in sunscreens Salicylanilide found in industrial cleaners St John s Wort , used to treat clinical depression Hexachlorophene found in some antibacterial soaps Contact with sap from Giant Hogweed . Common Rue Ruta graveolins is another phototoxic plant commonly found in gardens. Tetracycline antibiotics NSAID s. Fluoroquinolone antibiotic Sparfloxacin in 2 of cases. Amiodarone , used to treat atrial fibrillation Pellagra Photodermatitis can also be caused by plants. This is called phytophotodermatitis . Symptoms May result in swelling, a burning sensation, a red itchy rash sometimes resembling small blisters , and peeling of the skin. Nausea may also occur. There may also be blotches of large to small areas where the itching may persist for long periods of time. In these areas an unsightly orange to brown tint may form, usually near or on the face. Prevention Prevention includes avoiding exposure to the sun and wearing sun block on the affected area. Cover up wear long sleeves, slacks , and a wide brimmed hat whenever harsh exposure is probable Avoid chemicals that may tr ... more details
about the heterocyclic chemical compound its purportedly recreational derivative drug, nicknamed Benzo Fury 6 APB chembox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 443666007 Name Benzofuran IUPACName 1 Benzofuran OtherNames Coumarone, benzo b furan ImageFile Benzofuran chemical structure.png ImageSize 355px ImageName Chemical structure of benzofuran Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 8868 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 363614 PubChem 9223 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG C14512 InChI 1 C8H6O c1 2 4 8 7 3 1 5 6 9 8 h1 6H InChIKey IANQTJSKSUMEQM UHFFFAOYAU StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C8H6O c1 2 4 8 7 3 1 5 6 9 8 h1 6H StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey IANQTJSKSUMEQM UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 271 89 6 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII LK6946W774 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 35260 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank DB04179 SMILES o2c1ccccc1cc2 Section2 Chembox Properties C 8 H 6 O 1 MeltingPtC 18 BoilingPtC 173 Section4 Chembox Hazards LD50 500 mg kg mice . ref name Ullmann Benzofuran is the heterocyclic compound consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. This colourless liquid is a component of coal tar . Benzofuran is the parent of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants. Production Benzofuran is extracted from coal tar. It is also obtained by dehydrogenation of 2 ethyl phenol . ref name Ullmann Gerd Collin, Hartmut H ke Benzofurans in Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007, Wiley VCH, Weinheim. DOI 10.1002 14356007.l03 l01 ref Laboratory methods Benzofuran can be prepared by O alkylation of salicylaldehyde with chloroacetic acid followed by Dehydration reaction dehydration of the resulting ether . ref Albert W. Burgstahler and Leonard R. Worden Coumarone Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 5, p.251 1 ... more details
Infobox Person name Henry Rapoport image Henry Rapoport.jpg image size caption Rapoport in 1985 birth date Nov. 16, 1918 birth place Brooklyn , New York NY death date Mar. 6, 2002 death place Berkeley, California Berkeley , California CA occupation Professor of Chemistry spouse Sonya Rapoport Henry Rapoport November 16, 1918 March 6, 2002 was an internationally renowned organic chemistry organic chemist and Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley . He is widely recognized for his work in the development of the chemical synthesis of biologically important compounds and pharmaceuticals. Henry Rapoport obtained a B.S. in chemistry in 1940, an M.S. in chemistry in 1941, and a Ph.D. in organic chemistry in 1943, each from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He then worked at Heyden Chemical Corporation and the National Institutes of Health for several years. In 1946, he became a professor at UC Berkeley where he remained for the rest of his career. In 1989, he retired but continued his research as professor emeritus until his death from pneumonia in 2002. He was particularly noted for the total synthesis of heterocyclic drugs and natural product s, including porphyrin s, camptothecin , saxitoxin , psoralen s, antibiotics, antitumor compounds, and opium alkaloid s such as morphine , codeine , and hydromorphone . His research led to the publication over 400 papers and 33 patents. His discoveries were the scientific foundation for numerous companies that Rapoport helped to start including HRI Research, HRI Associates, Advanced Genetics Research Institute, Cerus Corporation, ChemQuip, and Oncologic. In his honor, UC Berkeley has established the Henry Rapoport Endowed Chair in Organic Chemistry, currently held by Jean Frechet . Daniel E. Levy dedicated his recent book, Arrow Pushing in Organic Chemistry An Easy Approach to Understanding Reaction Mechanisms to Henry Rapoport. Major awards 1955 Guggenheim Fellowship br 1972 Research Achievement ... more details
Drugbox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 443419089 IUPAC name 5 methoxy 2 H furo 3,2 g chromen 2 one image Bergapten.png Clinical data tradename pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CAS number 484 20 8 ATC prefix D05 ATC suffix BA03 PubChem 2355 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 2265 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 4FVK84C92X KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D07521 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 24171 Chemical data C 12 H 8 O 4 molecular weight 216.19 g mol smiles O C 1Oc3c C C 1 c OC c2ccoc2c3 InChI 1 C12H8O4 c1 14 12 7 2 3 11 13 16 10 7 6 9 8 12 4 5 15 9 h2 6H,1H3 InChIKey BGEBZHIAGXMEMV UHFFFAOYAX StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C12H8O4 c1 14 12 7 2 3 11 13 16 10 7 6 9 8 12 4 5 15 9 h2 6H,1H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey BGEBZHIAGXMEMV UHFFFAOYSA N Bergapten 5 methoxypsoralen is a psoralen also known as furocoumarin furocoumarins found in Bergamot oil bergamot essential oil , in other citrus essential oils, ref cite journal title HPLC profile of citrus essential oils from different species and geographic origin author Calvarano I., Calvarano M., Gionfriddo F., Bovalo F., Postorino E. journal Essenze Derivati agrumari volume 65 pages 488 502 year 1995 ref and in grapefruit juice. ref cite journal author Sakamaki N., Nakazato M., Matsumoto H., Hagino K., Hirata K., Ushiyama H. title Contents of furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice and health foods journal Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan year 2008 volume ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Bituminaria bituminosa image Bituminaria bituminosa flower.jpg image width 200px image caption Bituminaria bituminosa regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Fabales familia Fabaceae subfamilia Faboideae tribus Psoraleeae genus Bituminaria species B. bituminosa binomial Bituminaria bituminosa binomial authority Carl Linnaeus L. Charles Howard Stirton C.H.Stirt. , 1981 subdivision ranks Subspecies subdivision Bituminaria bituminosa var. albomarginata Canary Islands Albo Tedera br Bituminaria bituminosa var. crassiuscula Canary Islands Teide Tedera br Bituminaria bituminosa var. bituminosa Canary Islands Tedera and Mediterranean basin Arabian pea Pitch trefoil Engraisse mouton br Bituminaria bituminosa var. hulensis Hula Valley, Israel synonyms Psoralea bituminosa L. br Aspalthium bituminosum L. Kuntze br Bituminaria bituminosa L. Stirton Bituminaria bituminosa , the Arabian pea or Pitch resin pitch trefoil, is a perennial Mediterranean herb species in the genus Bituminaria . The pterocarpan s bitucarpin A and Bitucarpin B B can be isolated from the aerial parts of B. bituminosa . ref Pterocarpans from Bituminaria morisiana and Bituminaria bituminosa. Dedicated to the memory of Professor Jeffrey B. Harborne. Luisa Pistelli, Cecilia Noccioli, Giovanni Appendino, Federica Bianchi, Olov Sterner and Mauro Ballero, Phytochemistry, Volume 64, Issue 2, September 2003, Pages 595 598, doi 10.1016 S0031 9422 03 00190 0 ref It has several potential uses i forage crop, ii Phytostabilization of heavy metal contaminated or degraded soils, iii Synthesis of furanocoumarin s psoralen , angelicin , xanthotoxin and bergapten , compounds of broad pharmaceutical interest. It is easily recognizable by the characteristic smell of bitumen from its leaves. This strong tar like characteristic aroma appears to be the result of a combination of several substances such as plant phenolic phenolic s, sulphu ... more details
, Methoxy 8 2 hydroxy 3 buthoxy 3 methylbutyloxy psoralen has been shown to regulate the cyclooxygenase ... 3 methylbutyloxy psoralen Isolated from Angelica dahurica Inhibits Cyclooxygenase 2 and 5 Lipoxygenase ... more details
Phototoxicity is a chemically induced skin irritation requiring light photoirritation . The skin response resembles an exaggerated sunburn. The involved chemical may enter into the skin by topical administration or it may reach the skin via systemic circulation following ingestion or parenteral administration. In any case, the chemical needs to be photoactive , which means it is able to absorb photons and, subsequently, to turn the absorbed energy into photoreactivity. Light induced toxicity is a common phenomenon in humans, however, it might occur also in animals. Some plants such as the Giant Hogweed contain natural compounds e.g. furocoumarins that can lead to edemas and lesions of the skin after being touched in sun light. Many synthetic compounds, including drug substances like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolone fluoroquinolones , are known to cause similar effects. Scientific background Unreferenced section date February 2010 A phototoxic substance is a chemical compound which becomes toxic when exposed to light. Some medicines tetracycline antibiotics , sulfonamides , amiodarone , quinolones Many cold pressed citrus essential oils such as bergamot orange bergamot oil Some plant juices parsley and Giant hogweed Others psoralen Photosafety evaluation Physico chemical properties in vitro test systems 3T3 Neutral Red Phototoxicity Test An in vitro toxicological assessment test used to determine the cytotoxic and photo cyto toxicity effect of a test article to murine fibroblasts in the presence or absence of UVA light. blockquote The 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Assay 3T3 NRU PT can be utilized to identify the phototoxic effect of a test substance induced by the combination of test substance and light and is based on the comparison of the cytotoxic effect of a test substance when tested after the exposure and in the absence of exposure to a non cytotoxic dose of UVA vis light. Cytotoxicity is expressed as a concentration dependent reduction of the uptake of ... more details
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