Unretouched Color Cropped.jpg thumb left Phineas Gage displaying ptosis after his famous brain injury Ptosis occurs when the muscle s that raise the eyelid Levator palpebrae superioris muscle levator ... date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Other causes of ptosis include eyelid neoplasms, neurofibromas or the cicatrization ... ptosis are very likely to still experience a variation of the drooping of the eyelid at different ... or special Scleral contact lenses to support the eyelid may also be used. Ptosis that is caused ...For other uses Ptosis disambiguation distinguish proptosis Refimprove date October 2008 Infobox Disease Name Ptosis of the eyelids Image 1852 ptosis patient.jpg Caption Ptosis of the left eyelid unilateral ptosis . A headshot daguerreotype of an unidentified male, by William Bell photographer William ... Ptosis IPAc en icon t o s s from Greek language Greek Ptosis or , to fall is a drooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid . The drooping may be worse after being awake longer, when the individual ... refers to amblyopia . If severe enough and left untreated, the drooping eyelid can cause other conditions .... Etymology Ptosis is derived from the Greek wording fall, and is defined as the abnormal .... One can, however, be born with ptosis. Congenital ptosis is hereditary in three main forms. ref cite web title Congenital Ptosis url http www.medigle.de rw diagnoses kongenitaler Ptosis publisher MEDgle accessdate 2008 10 20 ref Causes of congenital ptosis remain unknown. Ptosis may be caused by damage trauma to the muscle which raises the eyelid, damage to the superior cervical sympathetic ... mamba , may also cause this effect. Ptosis can be caused by the aponeurosis of the Levator palpebrae ... Ptosis, Adult date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Dysfunctions of the levators may occur as a result of a lack ... the neurotransmitter . ref cite web url http www.eyeptosis.com title Eye Ptosis Congenital date accessdate 2010 06 14 ref Ptosis may be due to a myogenic , neurogenic , aponeurotic , mechanical ... more details
wiktionary ptosis ptotic Ptosis from the Greek language Greek word falling, a fall refers to droopiness of a body part. Specifically, it can refer to Ptosiseyelid the most common usage of the term , a drooping of the upper or lower eyelidPtosis breasts , refers to drooping or sagging of the breast. Breast ptosis is related to the laxity of the superficial fascia, suspensory ligaments and skin Visceroptosis Enteroptosis intestine , a prolapse or a sinking of the abdominal viscera internal organs below their natural position Gastroptosis stomach , the abnormal downward displacement of the stomach. It is not a life threatening condition. The condition frequently causes digestive symptoms and constipation, and is much more prominent in women than men Nephroptosis or renal ptosis kidney Visceroptosis internal organs , a prolapse or a sinking of the abdominal viscera internal organs below their natural position See also Prolapse , literally means to fall out of place , from the Latin prolabi meaning to fall out Proptosis disambiguation ru ... more details
orphan date September 2009 A chin that droops over the jawline is called a ptotic chin . Ptosis of the tip of the chin is common and can be seen in persons of any age. It is frequently seen in older patients but not infrequently, it is seen in young people as a familial trait. More commonly, however, the droop develops over time as the chin pad slides downward along with the soft tissues elsewhere in the face and neck ref http journals.lww.com plasreconsurg Abstract 2004 01000 A Minimally Invasive Approach for Correction of.64.aspx ref . Surgery A variety of techniques have been described to correct ptosis of the chin. One technique uses a small intraoral incision to place a U shaped Prolene suture that gathers the soft tissue of the chin and elevates it above the lower border of the Human mandible mandibular symphysis. See also Ptosis breasts Ptosiseyelid References references DEFAULTSORT Ptosis Chin Category Anatomy ... more details
Eyelid revision is a procedure that involves correcting or addressing any issues that have arisen from a previous blepharoplasty eyelid surgery . The surgery is more difficult to perform and is more complicated than an initial eyelid revision surgery, since the site of the procedure has been operated on before. The reasons for eyelid revision surgeries include the following Contour abnormalities Asymmetry Unusually high eyelid height ref cite web url http www.ophsource.org periodicals ophtha article S0161 6420 99 90110 0 abstract title Stabilization of eyelid height after aponeurotic ptosis repair work Elsevier date 1999 03 01 accessdate 2010 07 21 ref The procedure is known to have more complications and issues than initial eyelid surgeries due to the presence of excess scar tissue at the surgery site. Contour Abnormalities Contour abnormalities are also a common cause of eyelid revision surgery. Contour abnormalities are often the result of poor wound closure during the procedure. Asymmetry One of the most frequent complications that arise from an initial blepharoplasty eyelid surgery is asymmetry, which are often a result of poor markings by the surgeon prior to operation. Unnaturally High Eyelid Height Unusually high eyelid heights can make the results of an original eyelid revision procedure appear unnatural. Thus, an initial blepharoplasty may need revision if there is an unusually high eyelid height that is formed. Ptosis One of the most troublesome complications of initial blepharoplasty eyelid surgery is the surgeon discovering the patient has Ptosis or a drooping eyelid after the surgery has been performed. It is also possible for a patient to develop ptosis as a result of an initial eyelid surgery operation. Both require eyelid revision surgeries. Since ptosis patients need correction of delicate anatomical tissues and structures, eyelid revision surgery on ptosis patients is considered one of the more difficult surgical procedures to perform. ref cite journal ... more details
For other uses Ptosis disambiguation Ptosis Infobox disease Name Ptosis breasts Image Ptosis.jpg Caption ... MeshID Ptosis of the breast is the medical term for what in popular culture is referred to as drooping ... that breastfeeding nursing increased sagging. Ptosis is a natural consequence of aging. The rate at which a woman develops and the degree of ptosis depends on many factors. The exact cause of ptosis .... Breast ptosis is influenced by heredity, which determines a woman s skin elasticity, breast size ... size and skin elasticity contribute to ptosis. Plastic surgeons categorize the severity of ptosis ... that produce breast firmness. ref name ayurved The biggest factors affecting ptosis are cigarette ... and supports the breast. Pregnancy was strongly correlated to ptosis, with the effects increasing ... ptosis is caused by a combination of factors. If a woman has been pregnant, whether or not she ... makes up much of the breast s connective tissue. ref name ayurved Ptosis scale File Stades de affaissement.png thumb right Stages of ptosis Plastic surgeons express the degree of breast sagging using a ptosis scale like the modified Regnault ptosis scale below ref cite web last Younai first S. Sean title Breast Sagging Ptosis url http www.beautifulself.com breastlift ptosis.htm accessdate 4 February 2012 ref ref name parker Grade I Mild ptosis The nipple is at the level of the infra mammary fold and above most of the lower breast tissue. Grade II Moderate ptosis The nipple is located below the infra mammary fold but higher than most of the breast tissue hangs. Grade III Advanced ptosis The nipple ... ptosis The nipple is far below the inframammary fold and point toward the floor. Pseudoptosis The nipple ... of Breast Ptosis How Breasts Sag url http www.parkercenter.net breast enhancements new jersey breast lift new jersey anatomy of breast ptosis accessdate 4 February 2012 ref Bras and ptosis main brassieres ... to support the idea that wearing a bra for any amount of time slows breast ptosis. ref cite web ... more details
Eyelid glue , commonly called eye putty , ref The spelling Eye Putti is a Japanese brand name ref is a type of cosmetics eye make up used in East Asia designed to change the monolid eyelid without a crease . Eyelid glue is a water soluble adhesive that can be easily removed. History Eyelid glue was available in Japan in the late 1970s. ref Cite book last Miller first Laura authorlink coauthors title Beauty up Exploring Contemporary Japanese Body Aesthetics publisher University of California Press date July 2006 location Berkely and Los Angeles, California pages 116 url doi id isbn 9780520245082 ref Use Double eyelids or round eyes are considered a sign of feminine beauty in East Asia. Some women opt for a temporary solution by wearing eyelid glue. The glue is painted on the upper eyelid, which is then pushed upward with a plastic prong and held in place by the adhesive. The glue needs to dry for a minute before holding the fold. This method creates or enhances a fold in the eyelid double eyelid that opens up the eye exposing the eyelashes. ref cite web url http www.salon.com health feature 2000 02 16 asian eyes title Asian Eyes publisher Salon.com date February 16, 2000 accessdate October 26, 2010 ref Some men also use eyelid glue. The glue does not last and must be reapplied after a few hours. Eyelid glue may also cause irritation. ref cite news url http www.cbsnews.com 2300 204 162 10004213 2.html?tag page next work CBS News ref Variant A variant called eyelid tape or crease tape comes in a fibrous elastic strip that is trimmed to shape and placed on the eyelid. The tape creates a crease that stays on the eyelid. The tape does not last and must be reapplied after a few hours. See also Asian blepharoplasty , a form of plastic surgery that has the same visual effect but is permanent Epicanthic fold Notes reflist External links http www.koji honpo.co.jp movie eyetalk popup1.html ... putty A commercial link, but it explains the stuff better than words ever could DEFAULTSORT Eyelid ... more details
Infobox album Name Eyelid Movies Type Studio Artist Phantogram band Phantogram Cover phantogram.jpg Released 14 September 2009 small Europe small br 9 February 2010 small US small Recorded Genre Indie pop , Electronic rock , Length 44 27 Label Barsuk Records Barsuk Producer Phantogram band Phantogram Last album This album Eyelid Movies br 2009 Next album Nightlife EP Nightlife EP br 2011 Eyelid Movies is the debut album by the Indie pop duo Phantogram band Phantogram . ref cite web url http www.barsuk.com shop bark094 title Phantogram eyelid movies publisher Barsuk.com date accessdate 2011 12 24 ref Track listing Mouthful of Diamonds 4 13 When I m Small 4 09 Turn It Off 4 01 Running from the Cops 3 57 All Dried Up 3 46 As Far as I Can See 3 29 You Are the Ocean 5 49 Bloody Palms 3 31 Futuristic Casket 3 37 Let Me Go 4 25 10,000 Claps 3 30 ref name allmusic Reception Album ratings rev1 Spin ... phantogram eyelid movies barsuk 0 title Phantogram, Eyelid Movies Barsuk publisher SPIN.com date accessdate ... www.avclub.com articles phantogram eyelid movies,38188 title Phantogram Eyelid Movies & 124 Music & 124 ... eyelid movies title Phantogram Eyelid Movies & 124 Album Reviews publisher Pitchfork date 2010 02 ... www.bbc.co.uk music reviews gq54 title PHANTOGRAM Eyelid Movies Review last Thomas first Lou date ... web last O Neill first Joshua url http www.popmatters.com pm review 122007 phantogram eyelid movies title Phantogram Eyelid Movies PopMatters publisher Popmatters.com date accessdate 2011 12 24 ref rev7 ... record review 5171 phantogram eyelidmovies 2010 title Phantogram Eyelid Movies Barsuk 2010 & 124 Record ... 5.5 10 ref name prefix review cite web url http www.prefixmag.com reviews phantogram eyelid moves 37482 title Phantogram Eyelid Moves work Prefix Magazine date February 17, 2010 accessdate June ... music review phantogram eyelid movies 2002 title Phantogram Eyelid Movies & 124 Music ... cite web url http www.metacritic.com music eyelid movies title Eyelid Movies Phantogram publisher Metacritic ... more details
Eyelid dermatitis is commonly related to atopic dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref rp 78 Volatile substances, tosylamide, epoxy hardeners, insect sprays, and lemon peel oil may be implicated, with many cases of eyelid contact dermatitis being caused by substances transferred by the hands to the eyelids. ref name Andrews rp 78 See also Skin lesion References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Dermatitis and eczema Category Eczema ... more details
Matthews, Sarah. You are here Home Cosmetic Procedures Asian Double Eyelid Surgery Looking Brighter Asian Double Eyelid Surgery Looking Brighter. guidetoplasticsurgery.com July 19, 2009 n. pag. Web. 3 Mar 2011. http guidetoplasticsurgery.com asian double eyelid surgery looking brighter . ref References ... tutorial video showing application of eyelid tape Category Body modification Bodymodification ... more details
An adipose eyelid is a transparent eyelid found in fish , that covers some or all of the eye. ref cite web first Rainer last Froese url http www.fishbase.us glossary Glossary.php?q adipose eyelid title Adipose eyelid accessdate 2011 12 11 work FishBase Glossary ref ref cite web url http bioportal.bioontology.org ontologies 46007 ?p terms&conceptid TAO 3A0001921 title Teleost Anatomy Ontology Adipose eyelid accessdate 2011 12 11 publisher National Center for Biomedical Ontology ref ref cite web url http biogeodb.stri.si.edu sftep glossary.php?id 1 title Smithsonian Tropical Research Insititute Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific accessdate 2011 12 11 publisher Smithsonian Tropical Research Insititute ref They are most commonly found on deep sea benthic fish, but can also be seen on non benthic fish. Some fish that this feature is found on include milkfish , herring like isospondyls, jacks, mullets, and mackerel . ref name pmid20738484 cite journal doi 10.1111 j.1095 8649.2009.02266.x title The structure and possible functions of the milkfish Chanos chanos adipose eyelid year 2009 last1 Chang first1 C. H. last2 Chiao first2 C. C. last3 Yan first3 H. Y. journal Journal of Fish Biology volume 75 pages 87 99 pmid 20738484 issue 1 ref ref cite journal last1 Rangaswamy first1 C. P. title On the Development of Adipose Eyelids in the Fry of Liza Microlepis and L. Parsia journal Indian Journal of Fisheries pages 223 6 url http epubs.icar.org.in ejournal index.php IJF article viewFile 10781 5053 ref The overall anatomy of the eyelids plays an important role in understanding their possible purpose. Purpose Though the true purpose of these bodily structures is not known, it is generally accepted that the eyelids play some role in affecting the vision of the fish or otherwise ... of the Adipose Eyelid of Fishes year 1962 last1 Stewart first1 Kenneth W. journal Journal of the Fisheries ... of light and have different refractive indices for light. The skin of the eyelid is the thinnest ... more details
Taxobox name Iraqi Eyelid Gecko regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Reptilia ordo Squamata subordo Lacertilia familia Gekkonidae subfamilia Eublepharinae genus Eublepharis species E. angramainyu binomial Eublepharis angramainyu binomial authority Anderson & Leviton, 1966 The Iraqi eyelid gecko , Eublepharis angramainyu , is a ground dwelling lizard native to Iraq , Iran , Turkey and Syria . Its diet is insectivorous but may eat smaller vertebrate s. Like most lizards it has the ability to shed its tail autotomy . The Eublepharinae family is unique in that it is the only gecko family with eyelids. References NRDB species genus Eublepharis species angramainyu http sci.ege.edu.tr bgocmen eangramainyu.html gecko stub Category Geckos fr Eublepharis angramainyu uk ... more details
Taxobox name Turkmenistan Eyelid Gecko regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Reptilia ordo Squamata subordo Lacertilia familia Gekkonidae subfamilia Eublepharinae genus Eublepharis species E. turcmenicus binomial Eublepharis turcmenicus binomial authority Darevsky, 1977 The Turkmenistan eyelid gecko is a ground dwelling lizard native to Turkmenistan and northern Iran . Mainly insectivorous , it may also eat smaller vertebrates. Like many other lizards has the ability to shed its tail autotomy . References http reptile database.reptarium.cz species.php?genus Eublepharis&species turcmenicus Reptile Database Profile Kaverkin, Y and N. L. Orlov. 1995 http www.yakzooex.narod.ru new rep lizard eture.htm Experience of captive breeding of Eublepharis turcmenicus Darevsky Russian Journal of Herpetology . gecko stub Category Geckos fr Eublepharis turcmenicus uk ... more details
Taxobox name White eyelid mangabeys image Barcelona.Zoologico.Mangabey.Gris.jpg image width 230px image caption Sooty mangabey Cercocebus atys regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Primate s familia Cercopithecidae genus Cercocebus genus authority tienne Geoffroy Saint Hilaire . Geoffroy , 1812 type species Sooty mangabey Cercocebus fuliginosus type species authority tienne Geoffroy Saint Hilaire . Geoffroy , 1812 br Simia Cercopithecus aethiops torquatus , Robert Kerr writer Kerr , 1792 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Sooty mangabey Cercocebus atys br Collared mangabey Cercocebus torquatus br Agile mangabey Cercocebus agilis br Golden bellied mangabey Cercocebus chrysogaster br Tana River mangabey Cercocebus galeritus br Sanje mangabey Cercocebus sanjei The white eyelid mangabeys are African Old World monkey Old World monkey s, belonging to the genus Cercocebus . They are characterized by their bare upper Eyelid eyelids which are lighter than their facial skin colouring, and the uniformly coloured hairs of the fur. The other two genera of mangabey disambiguation mangabey s, Lophocebus and Rungwecebus , were once thought to be very closely related to Cercocebus , so much so that all the species were placed in one genus. However, it is now understood that Lophocebus and Rungwecebus species are more closely related to the baboon s in genus Papio , while the Cercocebus species are more closely related to the mandrill . Species Genus Cercocebus Sooty mangabey , Cercocebus atys Collared mangabey , Cercocebus torquatus Agile mangabey , Cercocebus agilis Golden bellied mangabey , Cercocebus chrysogaster Tana River mangabey , Cercocebus galeritus Sanje mangabey , Cercocebus sanjei References MSW3 Groves pages 153 154 id 12100425 External links Commons category Cercocebus Wikispecies Cercocebus http pin.primate.wisc.edu factsheets links cercocebus Primate Info Net Cercocebus Factsheets http animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu site accounts classification ... more details
Lazy eye may refer to Amblyopia , a visual disorder in which the brain partially or wholly ignores input from one eye Strabismus , the most common cause of amblyopia Ptosis eyelid Ptosis , drooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid Lazy Eye Goo Goo Dolls song Lazy Eye Goo Goo Dolls song Lazy Eye Silversun Pickups song Lazy Eye Silversun Pickups song disambig ... more details
Infobox disease ICD10 ICD10 H 02 3 h 00 or ICD10 Q 10 0 q 10 Dermatochalasis is a medical condition. It is defined as an excess of skin in the upper or lower eyelid . It may be either an acquired or a congenital condition. It is generally treated with blepharoplasty . See also Ptosis eyelid Ptosis Category Diseases of the eye and adnexa disease stub eye stub ar de Dermatochalasis ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 33297 ICD10 ICD10 H 02 5 h 00 , ICD10 Q 10 3 q 10 ICD9 ICD9 374.46 , ICD9 743.62 ICDO OMIM 110100 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D016569 Blepharophimosis is a condition where the patient has bilateral ptosis eyelid ptosis with reduced lid size, vertically and horizontally. The nasal bridge is flat and there is hypoplastic orbital rim. ref http www.mrcophth.com ptosis blepharophimosis.html Photo of blepharophimosis patient ref Both the vertical and horizontal palpebral fissures eyelid opening are shortened. Vignes 1889 probably first described this entity, a dysplasia of the eyelid s. Presentation In addition to small palpebral fissure s, features include epicanthus inversus fold curving in the mediolateral direction, inferior to the inner canthus , low nasal bridge, ptosis of the eyelids and telecanthus . BPES Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome, either with premature ovarian failure BPES type I or without BPES type II , is caused by mutations in the FOXL2 gene . ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez dispomim.cgi?id 110100 OMIM article on Blepharophimosis ref References reflist External links http plasticsurgery4u.com proceedure folder eyelid recon folder blepharophimosis.html Description of surgical steps in blepharophimosis eye stub Eye pathology Congenital malformations and deformations of eye, ear, face and neck Category Congenital disorders of eyes Category Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit de Blepharophimose pl Blepharophimosis pt Blefarofimose zh ... more details
and retracts the upper eyelid. Pathology Damage to this muscle, or its innervation, can cause ptosiseyelidptosis , the drooping of the eyelid. Ptosis can also be caused by damage to the adjoining ... semidiagrammatic . Image Gray893.png Sagittal section through the upper eyelid. File Trochlear and frontal nerves.jpg Levator palpebrae superioris muscle gallery See also Superior tarsal muscle PtosiseyelidPtosis Blepharospasm References references External links MuscleLoyola lps GPnotebook 1979318192 ...Muscle infobox Name Levator muscle of upper eyelid Latin musculus levator palpebrae superioris GraySubject 227 GrayPage 1021 Image Eyemuscles.png Caption Rectus muscles BR 2 Superior rectus muscle superior , 3 Inferior rectus muscle inferior , 4 Medial rectus muscle medial , 5 Lateral rectus muscle lateral br Oblique muscles 6 Superior oblique muscle superior , 8 Inferior oblique muscle inferior br Other muscle 9 levator palpebrae superioris br Other structures 1 Annulus of Zinn , 7 Trochlea of superior oblique Trochlea , 10 Tarsus eyelids Superior tarsus , 11 Sclera , 12 Optic nerve Image2 Gray888.png Caption2 Sagittal section of right orbital cavity. Origin sphenoid bone Insertion tarsal plate , upper eyelid Blood ophthalmic artery , superior ophthalmic vein Nerve oculomotor nerve Action retracts Elevation kinesiology elevates eyelid Antagonist orbicularis oculi muscle MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre m 22 DorlandsSuf 12549616 The levator palpebrae superioris latin for elevating muscle of upper eyelid is the muscle in the orbit anatomy orbit that elevates the superior upper eyelid . Structure The levator palpebrae superioris originates on the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone , just ... of the upper eyelid, as well as the superior tarsal plate . It is a skeletal muscle . The superior ... when one looks upward, the eyelid tends to move up with it. ref eye, human. Encyclop dia Britannica ... occurs in Horner s syndrome , and presents as a partial ptosis. Additional images gallery Image Gray570.png ... more details
miosis and eyelid droop ptosiseyelidptosis the classic signs of Horner s syndrome . Sympathetic fibers ... in eyelid droop ptosiseyelidptosis . The other two eye muscles with sympathetic innervation the inferior .... The superior tarsal muscle elevates the upper eyelid. The levator palpebrae superioris , which is innervated by a branch of the oculomotor nerve, also elevates the upper eyelid. Eyelid elevation is therefore ... more details
of the face include partial ptosiseyelidptosis drooping of the upper eyelid from loss of sympathetic ... Dilation lag test It is important to distinguish the ptosiseyelidptosis caused by Horner s syndrome from the ptosis caused by a lesion to the oculomotor nerve . In the former, the ptosis occurs with a constricted pupil due to a loss of sympathetics to the eye , whereas in the latter, the ptosis occurs ... name Ropper upside down ptosis slight elevation of the lower lid anhidrosis decreased sweating on the affected ... closure of the third eyelid, or nictitating membrane . Causes File Horner s Syndrome and Autonomic ... nerve lesion, this ptosis is much more severe, occasionally occluding the whole eye. The ptosis of Horner syndrome can be quite mild or barely noticeable partial ptosis . When anisocoria occurs ... sided ptosis is present then the abnormally sized pupil can be presumed to be on the side of the ptosis ... eine Form von Ptosis journal Klin Monatsbl Augenheilk year 1869 volume 7 pages 193 8 ref ref WhoNamedIt ... more details
PtosiseyelidPtosis repair for droopy eyelid. Ectropion repair http www.stlukeseye.com Conditions ... Bot retrieved archive archivedate April 2, 2007 ref Blepharoplasty eyelift is plastic surgery of the eyelid ... canthus. Epicanthoplasty Tarsorrhaphy is a procedure in which the eyelid s are partially sewn together to narrow the opening i.e. palpebral fissure . Removal of eyelid tumors such as basal cell carcinoma ... more details
Infobox Muscle Name Superior tarsal muscle Latin musculus tarsalis superior GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray894.png Caption The tarsi and their ligaments. Right eye front view. Muscle not labeled but region is visible. Image2 Gray888.png Caption2 Sagittal section of right orbital cavity. Muscle not labeled but region is visible. Origin underside of levator palpebrae superioris Insertion superior tarsal plate of the eyelid Blood ophthalmic artery Nerve sympathetic nervous system Action raise the upper eyelid Antagonist DorlandsPre m 22 DorlandsSuf 12551061 The superior tarsal muscle also known as M ller s muscle is a smooth muscle adjoining the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid. Structure The superior tarsal muscle originates on the underside of levator palpebrae superioris and inserts on the superior tarsal plate of the eyelid. Innervation The superior tarsal muscle receives its innervation from the sympathetic nervous system on fibers carried along with the ophthalmic nerve through the cavernous sinus . These postganglionic sympathetic fibers originate in the superior cervical ganglion . Actions The superior tarsal muscle works with the levator palpebrae superioris to raise the upper eyelid. Pathology Damage to some elements of the sympathetic nervous system can inhibit this muscle, causing a drooping eyelid partial Ptosis eyelid ptosis . This is seen in Horner s syndrome . Etymology from Ancient Greek , a flat surface typically used for drying. Eponym The term M ller s muscle is sometimes used as a synonym. ref name pmid7685010 Cite journal author van der Werf F, Baljet B, Prins M, Timmerman A, Otto JA title Innervation of the superior tarsal M ller s muscle in the cynomolgus monkey a retrograde tracing study journal Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. volume 34 issue 7 pages 2333 40 year 1993 pmid 7685010 doi url http www.iovs.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 7685010 ref However, the same term is also used for a portion of t ... more details
ptosiseyelidptosis . This condition has been associated with amblyopia in 54 of cases , anisometropia ... eyelid. This condition is characterized as a synkinesis when two or more muscles that are independently ..., ref Gunn RM. Congenital ptosis with peculiar associated movements of the affected lid. Trans Ophthal ... External pterygoid levator synkinesis is when the eyelid raises upon Jaw thrust to opposite side homolateral ... 2 Internal pterygoid levator synkinesis is when the eyelid raises upon teeth clenching External ... 2002 volume 50 issue 2 spage 142 epage 144 aulast Prakash ref that causes the eyelid to fall upon ... more details
multiple issues cleanup July 2009 introrewrite July 2009 Michels syndrome is a syndrome characterised by mental deficiency , craniosynostosis , blepharophimosis , ptosis , epicanthus inversus , ref name pmid2240039 cite journal author Cunniff C, Jones KL title Craniosynostosis and lid anomalies report of a girl with Michels syndrome journal Am. J. Med. Genet. volume 37 issue 1 pages 28 30 year 1990 month September pmid 2240039 doi 10.1002 ajmg.1320370108 url ref ref name pmid16096999 cite journal author Titomanlio L, Bennaceur S, Bremond Gignac D, Baumann C, Dupuy O, Verloes A title Michels syndrome, Carnevale syndrome, OSA syndrome, and Malpuech syndrome variable expression of a single disorder 3MC syndrome ? journal Am. J. Med. Genet. A volume 137A issue 3 pages 332 5 year 2005 month September pmid 16096999 doi 10.1002 ajmg.a.30878 ref highly arched eyebrows , and hypertelorism . ref name pmid16096999 ref name pmid17236195 cite journal author Al Kaissi A, Klaushofer K, Safi H, et al. title Asymmetrical skull, ptosis, hypertelorism, high nasal bridge, clefting, umbilical anomalies, and skeletal anomalies in sibs is Carnevale syndrome a separate entity? journal Am. J. Med. Genet. A volume 143 issue 4 pages 349 54 year 2007 month February pmid 17236195 doi 10.1002 ajmg.a.31610 ref And vary in other symptoms such as asymmetry of the Human skull skull , eyelid , and anterior chamber anomalies, cleft lip and palate , umbilical anomalies , and Human development biology growth and cognitive development . ref name pmid16096999 ref name pmid17236195 See also Malpuech facial clefting syndrome References reflist DEFAULTSORT Michels Syndrome Category Syndromes Category Congenital disorders Category Autosomal recessive disorders Category Rare diseases disease stub ... more details
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