File Map of south essex 1594 John Norden.jpg thumb Norden s map of south Essex from the Speculum Britanniae Speculum Britanniae Mirror of Britain , published in London from 1593, was a projected, but unfinished, chorography of Britain by John Norden 1548 1625 . ref S.G. Mendyk, Speculum Britanniae regional study, antiquarianism, and science in Britain to 1700 , 1989. ref It was intended to take the form of a series of county maps, accompanied by place by place written descriptions. Norden was primarily a surveyor and cartographer , and the written descriptions always had a subsidiary role, being much slighter than other early English county histories county histories . Nevertheless, they were based on direct observation, and Norden recorded much topographical and antiquarian detail of interest, including the heraldry of English church monuments tombs , and Archaeological site archaeological sites . The first instalment, Speculum Britanniae the First Parte an Historicall, & Chorographicall Discription of Middlesex , was published in 1593. The second, Speculi Britaniae Pars the Description of Hartfordshire , appeared in 1598. In 1595 Norden wrote a Chorographical Description of Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Sussex , Hampshire , Wight , Guernsey and Jersey , as a presentation manuscript for Queen Elizabeth now British Library Add. MS 21853 , but it remained unpublished. He did, however, publish maps alone of Surrey, Hampshire, Sussex and probably Kent. In 1596 he published an explanation and justification of the overall project as Speculum Britanniae a Preparative to this Work . In 1604, he presented to James I a more expansive description and set of nine maps of Cornwall later published in 1728 . A description of Northamptonshire which he had surveyed in the 1590s, and is known to have completed in 1610 reached print in 1720 and one of Essex related to, but distinct from, that in the Chorographical Description was eventually published in 1840. The idea of a work that was a mirror ... more details
The Gesta Regum Britanniae lang la Deeds of the Kings of Britain is a Latin epic poetry epic written at some time between 1235 and 1254, and attributed to a Breton monk, William of Rennes. The Gesta is fundamentally a versification of Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae in Latin epic hexameter s. It retains Geoffrey s overall sequence and structure, but expands upon those elements and stories which had the greatest dramatic potential, while treating other sections more cursorily. William omits the Prophecies of Merlin section of the Historia , as Wace did in his earlier Roman de Brut . William may have read Geoffrey s Vita Merlini , but otherwise does not intrude any elements of the by then very copious Arthurian legend into his adaptation of the Historia . The form of the Gesta was inspired by Walter of Ch tillon s Alexandreis . It is divided into ten books, each of which is prefaced by a terse summary of its contents, also in verse. The entire poem is 4,923 lines long, each book being about 500 lines in length. External links http books.google.com books?id rBNXAAAAMAAJ Gesta regum Britanniae , edition by Francisque Xavier Michel Francisque Michel Category Arthurian literature in Latin Category Epic poems in Latin Category 13th century medieval Latin literature ... more details
Infobox medieval text Name name Historia Regum Britanniae alternative title s The History of the Kings of Britain Image image width caption Information full title also known as author s Geoffrey of Monmouth ascribed to Geoffrey claims to have translated a very ancient book in the British tongue into Latin compiled by illustrated by patron dedicated to Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester Robert, earl of Gloucester and Waleran de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Worcester Waleran, count of Meulan audience language Latin date c . 1136 date of issue provenance state of existence authenticity series manuscript s 215 manuscripts, notably Bern, Burgerbibliothek, MS. 568 MS class 1 MS class 2 MS class 3 MS class 4 MS ... y Brenhinedd The Historia Regum Britanniae lang en The History of the Kings of Britain is a pseudohistory ... Henry of Huntington a copy of Historia regum Britanniae , which both Robert and Henry used uncritically ... century. In the second quarter of the 13th century, a version in Latin verse, the Gesta Regum Britanniae ... History of Britain Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae and its early vernacular versions ... and reception in the later Middle Ages Cambridge, 1991 J. Hammer, ed., Historia regum Britanniae. A variant ... British history London, 1929 M. D. Reeve, The transmission of the Historia regum Britanniae , in Journal ... Category King lists Category pseudohistory br Historia Regum Britanniae cy Historia Regum Britanniae de Historia Regum Britanniae el Historia Regum Britanniae es Historia Regum Britanniae eu Historia Regum Britanniae fr Historia regum Britanniae ga Historia Regum Britanniae gl Historia Regum Britanniae id Sejarah Raja Raja Britania it Historia Regum Britanniae he kw Historia Regum Britanniae la Historia regum Britanniae hu Historia Regum Britanniae nl Historia regum Britanniae ja no Historia Regum Britanniae nn Historia Regum Britanniae pt Historia Regum Britanniae sv De brittiska kungarnas historia ... more details
book name De Situ Britanniae title orig Britannicarum Gentium Histori Antiqu Scriptores tres Ricardus ... pages De Situ Britanniae The Description of Britain is a fictional description of the peoples and places ... Englishman then living in Copenhagen . He first disclosed the existence of De Situ Britanniae in 1747 ... Situ Britanniae was not debunked as a forgery until the middle of the nineteenth century, by which ... A part of Bertram s facsimile i.e., his true copy of the De Situ Britanniae . Once it had been accepted as genuine, De Situ Britanniae exerted a profound effect upon subsequent theories, suppositions ... the German writer Karl Wex effectively challenged the authority of De Situ Britanniae in the Rheinisches Museum . He simply noted that De Situ Britanniae contained impossible and improbable ... evidence of the falsity of De Situ Britanniae came out in the following years, until no serious ... than legitimate information. The final confirmation that De Situ Britanniae was spurious came in 1869 ... Accounts of the debunking claiming that there were serious doubts about De Situ Britanniae prior to Wex ... Historical Society felt compelled to justify the omission of De Situ Britanniae from the republication ... in the Gentleman s Magazine that challenged the validity of De Situ Britanniae . However, his characterisation of De Situ Britanniae as plainly a clumsy forgery by an unpractised hand, not a tracing ... also criticised the English Historical Society for its 1838 omission of De Situ Britanniae in its ... Situ Britanniae on their own work assuming that they are even aware of it , and just as likely ... of everyone s work. However, for the sake of illustrating that De Situ Britanniae remains as an influence ... the English mountain range is from De Situ Britanniae . Quoting ref Harvcolnb Bertram 1757 p 51 ..., Arthur Hussey listed several names in De Situ Britanniae that he could not trace to another source ... is from De Situ Britanniae and that nor do we know any name for the whole range before the eighteenth ... more details
Italic title De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae lang en On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain is a work by the 6th century Britons historical British cleric Gildas . It is a sermon in three parts condemning the acts of Gildas contemporaries, both secular and religious, whom he blames for the dire state of affairs in sub Roman Britain . It is one of the most important sources for the history of Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries, as it is the only significant source for the period written by a near contemporary of the people and events described. Part I contains a narrative of British history from the Roman conquest of Britain Roman conquest to Gildas time it includes references to Aurelius Ambrosius and the Britons victory against the Saxons at the Battle of Mons Badonicus . Part II is a condemnation of five kings for their various sins, including both obscure figures and relatively well documented ones such as Maelgwn Gwynedd . Part III is a similar attack upon the British clergy of the age. History Gildas s work is of great importance to historians, because although it is not intended primarily as history, it is almost the only surviving source written by a near contemporary of British events in the fifth and sixth centuries. The usual date that has been given for the composition of the work is some time in the 540s, but it is now regarded as quite possibly earlier, in the first quarter of the sixth century, or even before that. ref name Fletcher 21 cite book last Fletcher first ... the 6th century. In De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae , Gildas mentions that the year of his birth ... 1978 contribution title De Excidio britanniae publication place Chichester The standard modern ... history gildas gildas1.html De excidio et conquestu britanniae in Latin http www.gutenberg.org ebooks ... Sub Roman Britain br De excidio Britanniae cy De Excidio Britanniae fr De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae it De Excidio Britanniae la De excidio Britonum no De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae ... more details
hip dysplasia , elbow dysplasia , thyroid , and DNA for PRA. History before the First World War The PugnacesBritanniae Latin was the name given by the Roman Britain Romans to the original English Mastiff ... more details
s officer training college. PugnacesBritanniae , war dog of Britain. The former Royal Yacht Britannia ... and the 12th century Historia Regum Britanniae which became tremendously popular during the High Middle ... more details
The sons of Mordred appear in several works of King Arthur Arthurian literature. The stories always number them as two, though they are usually not named. They generally figure as the heirs to their father s traitorous aims and enemies of King Arthur s successors. Their first appearance is in Geoffrey of Monmouth s fanciful Historia Regum Britanniae , the earliest work to describe Mordred as a usurper. In Geoffrey s version, after Arthur and Mordred had died at the Battle of Camlann , Constantine Briton Constantine III is appointed Arthur s successor. However, Mordred s two sons and their Saxons Saxon allies rise against him. ref s History of the Kings of Britain Book 11 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book 11, ch. 3 . ref He defeats them, and one of them flees to sanctuary in the Church of Amphibalus in Winchester while the other hides in a London friary. ref name Historia4 s History of the Kings of Britain Book 11 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book 11, ch. 4 . ref Constantine tracks them down, and executes them before the altars in their respective hiding places. ref name Historia4 This act invokes the vengeance of God, and three years later Constantine is killed by his nephew Aurelius Conanus . ref name Historia4 Early in the Historia Geoffrey states that Mordred has married Arthur s wife Guinevere Guanhumara , ref s History of the Kings of Britain Book 10 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book 10, ch. 13 . ref but does not indicate whether Mordred s sons were the product of this union. Geoffrey s account of the episode is based on Constantine s murder of two royal youths as mentioned by the 6th century writer Gildas . ref name Gildas s The Ruin of Britain 28 De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae , ch. 28 29 . ref The elder of Mordred s sons is named Melehan or some derivation in the Lancelot Grail and Post Vulgate Cycle s. In these texts, Lancelot and his men return to Britain to dispatch Melehan and his brother after receiving a letter from the dying Gawain . In the ensuing b ... more details
A number of medieval chronicle s of the history of Wales survive, notably the 9th century Historia Brittonum and the 10th century Annales Cambriae . These early chronicles are written in Latin, while from the 12th century, some are composed in Middle Welsh . The oldest surviving manuscripts of chronicles kept in the National Library of Wales , Aberystwyth date to the 13th century. The history of Wales becomes tangible from the 7th century. Accounts in the chronicles pertaining to Dark Age Wales of the 5th and 6th century, including Historical basis for King Arthur early references to King Arthur , Vortigern , Maelgwn Gwynedd and others, may contain semi legendary or semi historical material, which however cannot be substantiated as historical with any certainty. Brut y Brenhinedd is the title given to Middle Welsh versions of Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . Brut y Tywysogion is a continuation of Historia Regum Britanniae , covering the period of 682 to 1332. The Brenhinoedd y Saeson survives in 14th century manuscripts and covers events from 682 to 1282. The Annals of Owain Glyndwr give an account of the Glynd r Rising , covering the period of 1400 to 1422. See also Wales in the Early Middle Ages King of the Britons List of legendary kings of Britain Owain Glyndwr was a Welsh hero and should have deserved the throne. External links http ldolphin.org cooper appen4.html Surviving MSS of the early Welsh Chronicles , based on Griscom, Acton, Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae , Longman, Green & Co, London 1929 , pp. 586 599. wales stub Category Welsh chronicles Category Medieval Welsh literature Chronicles ... more details
Nennius is a prince of Britain at the time of Julius Caesar s Caesar s invasions of Britain invasions of Britain in Geoffrey of Monmouth s legendary Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain ca. 1136 . In Middle Welsh language Middle Welsh versions of Geoffrey s Historia he is called Nynniaw . He is the third son of Heli, King of Britain Heli and brother of Lud son of Heli Lud and Cassivellaunus Cassibelanus and according to Welsh sources, of Llefelys . He fights alongside Cassibelanus when Caesar invades. He and his nephew Mandubracius Androgeus , leading the troops of Trinovantum London and Canterbury , encounter Caesar s own troop, and Nennius faces Caesar in single combat . Caesar strikes Nennius a blow on the head, but his sword gets stuck in Nennius s shield. After they are separated in the mel e, Nennius throws away his own sword and attacks the Romans with Caesar s sword, killing many, including the tribune Quintus Laberius Durus Labienus . Fifteen days after the battle Nennius dies of his head wound, and is buried at London, near the North Gate. Caesar s sword, named Crocea Mors Yellow Death , is buried with him. Wales bio stub References Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 3 20 3.20 , s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 3 4.3 4 Category Traditional history of Caesar s invasions of Britain de Nennius Britannien ... more details
Venissa Genissa , Genvissa , Genuissa , according to Geoffrey of Monmouth s 12th century Historia Regum Britanniae , was a daughter of the Roman Emperors Roman Emperor Claudius , whom he gave in marriage to the British king Arvirargus once he had submitted to Rome. According to Geoffrey s account she was very beautiful, and so enchanted Arvirargus that he preferred her company to anyone else s. He founded Gloucester , supposedly named after Claudius, in her honour. When Arvirargus fell out with Rome and Vespasian was sent to enforce a reconciliation, Venissa acted as mediator between them. ref Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 15 4.15 16 ref Venissa cannot be considered historical. She is not mentioned in authentic Roman history her supposed husband Arvirargus is known only from a cryptic reference in a 2nd century satirical poem by Juvenal and it is in any case inconceivable that a daughter, even an illegitimate daughter, of a Roman emperor could be given in marriage to a barbarian without attracting comment. Nonetheless, she and her husband, identified with the historical Caratacus , appear in many uncritical genealogies originating in the Tudor period . References reflist Category British traditional history es Venissa ... more details
Year nav topic 1593 science The year 1593 in science and technology involved some significant events. Botany Founding of the Jardin des plantes de Montpellier by Pierre Richer de Belleval . Founding of the Botanischer Garten der Universit t Heidelberg . Carolus Clusius becomes Professor of Botany at Leiden University , taking charge of the Hortus Botanicus Leiden . Geography John Norden begins publication of his Speculum Britanniae . ref cite book first Stan G. last Mendyk title Speculum Britanniae regional study, antiquarianism, and science in Britain to 1700 publisher University of Toronto Press year 1989 isbn 0802057446 ref ref cite book last Palmer first Alan coauthors Veronica year 1992 title The Chronology of British History publisher Century Ltd location London pages 163 165 isbn 0 7126 5616 2 ref Medicine First printed Arabic language edition of Avicenna Ab Al al usayn ibn Abd All h ibn S n s The Canon of Medicine . Births Deaths June 25 Michele Mercati , Italian people Italian physician and botanist b. 1541 in science 1541 Li Shizhen , Chinese people Chinese pharmacologist b. 1518 in science 1518 . References reflist Category 1593 in science fr 1593 en science mk 1593 ... more details
one source date June 2010 Libellus Merlini The Little Book of Merlin is a Latin tract on the subject of the prophecies of Merlin written by Geoffrey of Monmouth in about 1135. Geoffrey prefaced his account of the prophecies with one concerning the deeds of a supernatural youth named Ambrosius whom he deliberately confounded with Merlin. Vortigern, king of the Britons, asked Ambrose Merlin the meaning of a vision in which two dragons, one red and one white, engaged in combat. Merlin replied that the Red Dragon signified the British race, which would be conquered by the Saxon, represented by the White Dragon. A long prophetic rhapsody follows, relating chiefly to the Saxon wars, which concludes in the Seventh Book of Geoffrey s Historia Regum Britanniae. The story was known in Iceland before 1218 in a form independent of the Historia. This tract must not be confused with the Vita Merlini 1145 or 1148 generally attributed to Geoffrey. ref Libellus Merlini Little Book of Merlin . Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2010 http www.encyclopedia.com . ref See also Merlin br Historia Regum Britanniae br Geoffrey of Monmouth br Libellus De Arte Coquinaria References references Category Latin texts ... more details
The name Lud may refer to Lud son of Heli , a legendary British king who in Geoffrey of Monmouth s pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae founded London and was buried at Ludgate Another spelling of Lludd Llaw Eraint , a mythical Welsh figure cognate with king Nuada Airgetl m The Stone Lud , a standing stone in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland Lud, son of Shem , a grandson of Noah Lud city , a city in Stephen King s Dark Tower series LUD , the abbreviation of Local Usage Details Ned Lud , founder of the Luddite movement Tomb Raider III London Lud s Gate , a London level in Tomb Raider III See also LUD disambiguation Ludd disambiguation Lod , a city in Israel formerly Lydda disambig it LUD pt Lud desambigua o ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 Porrex II was a legendary king of the Britons historic Britons as accounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . His father was King Millus and he was succeeded by his son Cherin . start box succession box before Millus title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Cherin years end box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character DEFAULTSORT Porrex Ii Category 2nd century BC legendary rulers Category British traditional history it Porrex II nl Porrex II ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Cherin was a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons as accounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . His father was King Porrex II and he was succeeded by his three sons in turn, Fulgenius , Edadus , and Andragius . Start box Succession box before Porrex II title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Fulgenius years End box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character Category 2nd century BC legendary rulers Category British traditional history nl Cherin ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Fulgenius was a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth in Book V of his Historia Regum Britanniae . In this description, he battled the Roman Severus and defeated his army at York, but was himself killed in battle. He was the eldest son of Cherin and was succeeded by his brother Edadus . Start box Succession box before Cherin title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Edadus years End box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character Category British traditional history Category 2nd century BC legendary rulers it Fulgenio nl Fulgenius ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Edadus was a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons as accounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . He was the second son of King Cherin and succeeded by his brother Andragius . Start box Succession box before Fulgenius title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Andragius years End box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character Category 2nd century BC legendary rulers Category British traditional history it Edado nl Edadus ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Eldol Lang cy Eidol mab Arthmael is a legendary king of Britain in Geoffrey of Monmouth s circa 1136 work Historia Regum Britanniae The History of the Kings of Britain . A 6th century hero called Eidol is mentioned in The Y Gododdin Gododdin but is unlikely to be the source for Geoffrey s Eldol. He should also not be confused with Eldol, Consul of Gloucester who lives generations later in Geoffrey s work. Start box Succession box before Archmail title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Redon king Redon years End box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character like so many of the others in this cat. Category British traditional history it Eldol nl Eldol ... more details
Crocea Mors Latin for Yellow Death was the name given to Julius Caesar s sword, according to the legends presented by Geoffrey of Monmouth . In Middle Welsh language Middle Welsh versions, it is called Angau Coch Red Death or Agheu Glas Grey Death . The British prince Nennius of Britain Nennius acquired it when, during single combat with Caesar, it got stuck in his shield. It killed everyone Nennius struck with it. Nennius died fifteen days after the battle of a head wound inflicted by Caesar, and the sword was buried with him. References Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 3 4.3 4 Category Fictional swords Category Mythological swords Category Traditional history of Caesar s invasions of Britain ancient Rome mil stub Weapon stub it Crocea Mors ... more details
The Black Book of Basingwerk lang cy Llyfr Du Basing is an illuminated manuscript in the National Library of Wales containing, among other texts, a Welsh translation of Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . ref http www.llgc.org.uk index.php?id blackbookofbasingwerknlwms National Library of Wales ref It is mostly the work of the Welsh poet and scribe Gutun Owain floruit fl. 1460 1500 . The illumination is limited to three decorated initials, and two marginal drawings now barely visible to the naked eye. See also The Form of Preaching , 14th century style book or manual about a preaching style References Reflist DEFAULTSORT The Black Book Of Basingwerk Category Illuminated manuscripts of Welsh origin Category Welsh manuscripts Manuscript stub cy Llyfr Du Basing ... more details
ref name Geoffrey Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings ... Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 2 11 2.11 ref ref name Geoffrey212 Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History ... Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 2 13 2.13 ref ref name Geoffrey214 Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 2 14 2.14 ... more details
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