Image Wales.pre Roman.jpg right thumb 250px Tribes of Wales at the time of the Roman invasion. The modern Anglo Welsh border is also shown, for reference purposes. The Demetae were a Celts Celtic people of British Iron Age Iron Age Britain who inhabited modern Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire in south west Wales , and gave their name to the county of Dyfed . Their origin is uncertain, however, a number of place names are similar to what were Celtic regions in what is now the Bordeaux region of France as Llanmadoc and Landes du M doc , Gwynedd and Gironde estuary Gironde , Demetae and Dev ze , suggestive of Pre Roman Celts Celtic Northerly travels on the portside of the North Atlantic Current . Classical mention They are mentioned in Ptolemy s Geographia Ptolemy Geographia , as being west of the Silures . He mentions two of their towns, Moridunum Carmarthen Moridunum modern Carmarthen and Luentinum identified as the Dolaucothi Gold Mines near Pumsaint , Carmarthenshire . ref Ptolemy , Geographia Ptolemy Geographia http penelope.uchicago.edu Thayer E Gazetteer Periods Roman Texts Ptolemy 2 2 .html 2.2 http www.roman britain.org tribes demetae.htm Demetae at http www.roman britain.org Roman Britain.org ref They are not mentioned in Tacitus accounts of Roman warfare in Wales, which concentrate on their neighbours the Silures and Ordovices . Vortiporius , tyrant of the Demetae , is one of the kings condemned by Gildas in his 6th century polemic De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae . ref Gildas , De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae s The Ruin of Britain 31 31 ref This probably signifies the Sub Roman Britain sub Roman petty kingdom of Kingdom of Dyfed Dyfed . References reflist Category Dyfed Category History of Pembrokeshire Category Prehistoric Wales Category Tribes of ancient Britain Celtic tribes of Wales br Demetae ca Dimetes cy Demetae de Demetae es D metas fr Demetae it Demezi no Demetere ru ... more details
Queen Gwendolen lang la Guendolo na was a legendary ruler of British Iron Age Britain , whose life is described in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . According to Geoffrey, she was the wife of King Locrinus of the Britons historic Britons until she defeated him in battle and took on the leadership of Britain herself. Gwendolen was the daughter of Corineus of Cornwall and was married to Locrinus , with whom she had one son, Maddan however, Locrinus was in love with Estrildis , the daughter of the king of Germany whom he rescued from Humber the Hun . When Corineus finally died, Locrinus left Gwendolen and married Estrildis . Gwendolen fled to Cornwall and built up an army. She met Locrinus in battle and defeated him. Following Locrinus s death, Gwendolen took the throne and led in the manner her father had in Cornwall. She ordered the execution of Estrildis and her daughter Habren and named the river they were thrown into Severn Habren . She reigned peacefully for fifteen years after Locrinus s death until she abdicated in favor of her son, Maddan. She lived the remainder of her life in Cornwall. The Historia Regum Britanniae says that at the time of her death Samuel Bible Samuel was judge in History of ancient Israel and Judah Judea , Silvius Aeneas Silvius was ruling Alba Longa , and Homer was gaining fame in Greece . House of Brutus s start succession box before Locrinus title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Maddan years s end See also Woman warrior List of women warriors in folklore Gwendolen DEFAULTSORT Gwendolen, Queen Category 11th century BC female rulers Category British traditional history Category Women in ancient warfare br Gwendolen de Gwendolen et Gwendolen fr Guendoloena it Regina Gwendolen he , nl Gwendolen ja no Gwendolen av britene ru uk ... more details
Trinovant r um , in medieval British legend, is the name given to London in earliest times. According to Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae 1136 it was founded by the exiled Troy Trojan Brutus of Troy Brutus , who called it Troia Nova New Troy , which gradually corrupted to Trinovantum. It was later rebuilt by King Lud son of Heli Lud , who named it Caer Lud after himself, and this name became corrupted to Kaer Llundain , and finally London. This legend is part of the Matter of Britain . In Roman Britain Roman times it was known by the name Londinium , from which the name London is more usually derived. The name Trinovantum derives from the Iron age tribe of the Trinovantes , who lived in Essex , Suffolk and part of Greater London , and who are mentioned by Julius Caesar in his account of his expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC. In a later account of these expeditions by Paulus Orosius Orosius , they are referred to as civitas Trinovantum , the tribe of the Trinovantes , with Trinovantum in this case being in the genitive case genitive plural . However, as civitas can also mean city and Latin Grammatical gender neuter noun s often end in um in the nominative case nominative Grammatical number singular , this phrase has been misinterpreted by Geoffrey or his sources as the city Trinovantum . References Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 1 17 1.17 Julius Caesar , Commentarii de Bello Gallico Wikisource The Gallic War Caesar Book 5 20 5.20 Paulus Orosius Orosius , Seven Books of History Against the Pagans http www.attalus.org latin orosius6A.html 9 6.9 Latin only Category Traditional history of Caesar s invasions of Britain Category Places involved in Caesar s invasions of Britain fr Trinovantum it Trinovantum la Trinovantum ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2008 Lucius Tiberius sometimes Lucius Hiberius , or just simply Lucius is a fictional Roman Emperor from Arthurian legend appearing first in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae . No Roman Emperor of that name ever existed Geoffrey either heard of him from folk tradition or made him up. Geoffrey Ashe theorizes that he was originally Glycerius , whose name was known to have been misspelled as Lucerius in texts prior to the writing of the Historia Regum Britanniae , and was further misspelled by Geoffrey of Monmouth. He may also have been based on Tiberius II Constantine who attempted to re establish Roman hegemony in the West. Lucius appears in later, particularly English language English literature such as Thomas Malory s Le Morte d Arthur , and the Alliterative Morte Arthure , and a Roman Emperor defeated by King Arthur appears in French language French Arthurian literature as well, notably in the Vulgate Cycle . Lucius fights to reclaim Gaul from his treacherous tribune Frollo at the time of King Arthur s rise to power. After Arthur conquers Gaul, word of his great deeds reaches Rome , and Lucius demands that King Arthur Arthur pay him tribute and recognize him as his sovereign. When Arthur refuses, Lucius invades the land of Arthur s allies on the continent, and Arthur and his knights hurry across the English Channel to do battle with him. Arthur defeats Lucius and adds Italy to his lands. Arthurian Legend DEFAULTSORT Lucius Tiberius Category Arthurian characters Lucius Tiberius Category Fictional emperors and empresses Lucius Tiberius Category Fictional ancient Romans Lucius Tiberius cy Lucius Tiberius es Lucio Tiberio gl Lucio Tiberio ja ... more details
Guiderius Welsh language Welsh Gwydr is a legendary British king according Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain and related texts. He can probably be identified as deriving from the historical Togodumnus . The eldest son of Cunobelinus Cymbeline , he succeeds his father to the kingship of Britain. Cymbeline had voluntarily paid tribute to Ancient Rome Rome , but Guiderius refused to pay it. The Roman emperor emperor Claudius responded by Roman conquest of Britain invading . Claudius and his chief of staff, Lelius Hamo, landed at Portchester , entrenching themselves there while besieging the city. Guiderius conscripted all the men of Britain against Claudius and marched south to meet him in battle. The Britons clashed with the Romans and succeeded so well that the Roman army began retreating to their ships. Hamo, though, put on British armour and began attacking his own army, urging the Britons to do likewise. Because of this, Hamo was able to get close enough to Guiderius to strike him. Guiderius died then or soon after and was succeeded by his brother Arvirargus , who took over as king during the battle. Guiderius appears as a character in Shakespeare s play Cymbeline . References small Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 12 4.12 13 small start box succession box before Cunobelinus Cymbeline title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Arvirargus years end box Category British traditional history Category 1st century monarchs in Europe ... more details
one source date February 2012 no footnotes date February 2012 Alredus, or Alfred of Beverley , floruit fl. 1143 , English historians in the Middle Ages English chronicler , was sacristan of the church of Beverley in the first half of the twelfth century. He wrote, apparently about the year 1143, a chronicle entitled Annales sive Historia de gestis regum Britanniae , which begins with Brutus of Britain Brutus and carries the history of England down to 1129. Geoffrey of Monmouth and Simeon of Durham are Allured s chief sources. References Reflist DNB Poster Alfred of Beverley 1911 Persondata name Alfred of Beverley alternative names short description English chronicler, sacristan date of birth place of birth date of death place of death DEFAULTSORT Alfred Of Beverley Category 12th century historians Category Middle English literature Category English historians Category 12th century English people England academic bio stub UK historian stub pt Alfredo de Beverley ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 For the Christian saint with this name Catellus of Castellammare Catellus Lang cy Kadell map Geraint was a legendary king of the Britons historic Britons , as recounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s work Historia Regum Britanniae . According to Geoffrey he was the son of King Gerennus and was succeeded by his son Millus . In some versions of the Brut y Brenhinedd , a series of Welsh versions of Geoffrey s Historia , Catellus is succeeded by his son Coel , who is then succeeded by his own son Porrex II . Start box Succession box before Gerennus title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Millus years End box NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character like so many of the others in this cat. Category 3rd century BC rulers Category British traditional history et Catellus it Catello re britannico nl Catellus ... more details
Redechius lang cy Rhydderch mab Arthmael Citation needed date January 2009 was a legendary king of the Britons historic Britons according to Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain 1136 . He was preceded by Redon king Redon and succeeded by Sawyl Penuchel Samuil Penissel . ref wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 3 19 History of the Kings of Britain 3.19 at Wikisource. Lewis Thorpe s translation for Penguin Classics p. 105 gives two kings following him, Samuil followed by Penessil. ref s start succession box before Redon king Redon title List of legendary kings of Britain Legendary kings of Britain after Sawyl Penuchel Samuil Penissel years s end References Reflist NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character like so many of the others in this cat. Category British traditional history it Redechio nl Redechius ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Coilus was a Legend legendary king of the Britons historic Britons during the time of the Roman Empire Roman military occupation occupation of Roman Britain Britain as recounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae . He was the son of King Marius of Britain Marius and ruled following his father s death. According to Geoffrey, Coilus was brought up in Rome and favoured the company of Romans in Britain. Throughout his reign he paid Rome its tribute without question. In Britain, he allowed the nobles peace and granted them large gifts. He was succeeded by his only son, Lucius of Britain St Lucius . Start box Succession box before Marius of Britain Marius title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Lucius of Britain St Lucius years End box NB not a stub this is about ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s fictitious character Category British traditional history Category 1st century monarchs in Europe Category 2nd century monarchs in Europe Category Article Feedback 5 it Coilo nl Coilus ... more details
Pir was a legend ary monarch king of the Britons historic Britons according to Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain . He was preceded by Sawyl Penuchel Samuil Penissel , and succeeded by Capoir . ref wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 3 19 History of the Kings of Britain 3.19 at Wikisource. Lewis Thorpe s translation for Penguin Classics p. 105 gives two kings preceding him, Samuil followed by Penessil. ref start box succession box before Sawyl Penuchel Samuil Penissel title List of legendary kings of Britain Legendary kings of Britain after Capoir years end box References div class references small references div NB not a stub this is absolutely ALL there is to say about Geoffrey s one line fictitious character like so many of the others in this cat. Category British traditional history it Pir nl Pir ... more details
Ambrosius and Uther Pendragon , ref Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae , 6 5 ref spent his early ... king. ref Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae , 6 6 ref The weak and unpopular former monk became ... Regum Britanniae , 6 7 ref Vortigern eventually disposed of him by tricking some Picts , liaisons in his employ, into murdering him in his sleep. ref Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae , 6 9 ref The treacherous Vortigern took the throne for himself. ref Monmouth, Historia Regum Britanniae , 6 ... more details
pseudohistory Historia Regum Britanniae , adding fictional details and making these contemporary regional ... Regum Britanniae , Book 11, ch. 4 6. ref Notes reflist References Citation year 1841 editor last Giles ... more details
in Geoffrey of Monmouth s 12th century pseudohistory Historia Regum Britanniae . The earlier scenes ... Regum Britanniae , Book 6, chapter 13 . ref Later, Vortigern is deposed by the rightful King of the Britons ... with his kinsman Eosa. ref s History of the Kings of Britain Book 8 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book ... of Britain Book 8 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book 8, chapter 8 . ref After the death of Aurelius ... are finally slain. ref s History of the Kings of Britain Book 8 Historia Regum Britanniae , Book ... more details
of tales of King Arthur . He is best known for his chronicle lang la Historia Regum Britanniae ... Roberts, Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Regnum Britanniae and Brut y Brenhinedd , p. 98. ref He is likely ... Geoffrey dedicated versions of his Historia Regum Britanniae . ref name DNB It has been argued ... name DNB lang la Historia Regum Britanniae Geoffrey wrote several works of interest, all in Latin , the language ... la Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain , the work best known to modern ... century polemic De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae expanded with material from Bardic oral tradition ... Henry of Huntington a copy of Historia regum Britanniae , which both Robert and Henry used uncritically ... in popular history. lang la Historia Regum Britanniae is now acknowledged as a literary work of national ... la Historia Regum Britanniae . It consists of a series of obscure prophetic utterances attributed ... 477 3 Brynley F. Roberts. Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia Regnum Britanniae and Brut y Brenhinedd ... Text Hammer, Jacob Geoffrey of Monmouth, Historia regum Britanniae , a variant version. Edited ... on the web Historia Regum Britanniae http www.sacred texts.com neu eng gem index.htm Histories of the Kings ... more details
Add. MS 21853 . In 1596 he published his Preparative to the Speculum Britanniae , dedicated to Burleigh ... Britanniae of 1593 are the best representations known of the English metropolis under the Tudor dynasty Tudor s his maps of Middlesex also from the Speculum Britanniae of 1593 , of Essex 1594, 1840 ... Speculum Britanniae regional study, antiquarianism and science in Britain to 1700 year 1989 location ... more details
Regum Britanniae 1136 as the legendary king Tenvantius , son of Lud son of Heli Lud . When his ... Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book ... Regum Britanniae of Geoffrey of Monmouth ref s start succession box before Cassivellaunus Cassibelanus ... more details
Edern ap Nudd Latin Hiderus , Old French Yder fils Nu t is a warrior of King Arthur Arthur s court in early Arthurian mythology Arthurian tradition . As the son of Nudd spelled Nu or Nut in Old French romance , he is the brother of Gwyn ap Nudd Gwyn , Creiddylad and Owain ap Nudd. His equivalent in the Latin Historia Regum Britanniae is Hiderus fils Nu and in the Old French Roman de Brut and Erec and Enide he appears as the knight Yder fils Nu t . As St Edern , he has two churches dedicated to him in Wales. Etymology The Welsh language Welsh name Edern comes from a Brythonic language Brittonic borrowing of Latin Aeternus , meaning eternal, everlasting, immortal . Appearances In Culhwch and Olwen Culhwch ac Olwen , he is named as one of Arthur s knights in a list of his retinue, but plays no part in the narrative. ref http www.ancienttexts.org library celtic ctexts culhwch.html ref Edern is next seen in Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae as Hiderus filius Nu , a knight of King Arthur s who fought in his Gallic campaign. The poet Wace , in his adaptation of the Historia Regum Britanniae called the Roman de Brut , renders the name as Yder fils Nu t . Edern plays a more important role in Geraint son of Erbin a Welsh adaptation of Chr tien de Troyes romance Erec et Enide , in which he and two companions, a beautiful lady and a whip brandishing dwarf, come across Guinevere Gwenhwyfar , one of her handmaidens and the knight Geraint Geraint ab Erbin in a forest. The handmaiden is sent to discover Edern s identity, but is rebuked and struck by the dwarf. Geraint also goes and suffers the same fate, but chooses to spare the dwarf s life and retreats. Seeking his adversary, Geraint heads to a Caerdydd walled town , where a great tournament is annually held. Edern, champion of the tournament for two years running, challenges Geraint to joust . Initially, Edern has the upper hand but by the end of the duel, he suffers vicious wounds at Geraint s hand and begs for m ... more details
Camber , also Kamber , was the legendary first king of Cambria , according to the Geoffrey of Monmouth in the first part of his influential 12th century pseudohistory Historia Regum Britanniae . According to Geoffrey, Cambria, the classical name for Wales , was named for him. Camber was the son of Brutus of Britain Brutus , and a descendant of Aeneas of Troy . Upon his father s death he was given Cambria, while his younger brother Albanactus got Alba the territory corresponding to modern Scotland from Welsh Yr Alban and his older brother Locrinus received Logres corresponding to England from Welsh Lloegr and the title of List of legendary kings of Britain King of the Britons . When Albanactus was murdered by Humber the Hun Humber , King of the Huns , Camber joined Locrinus in attacking and defeating him. Like many of the characters reported by Geoffrey, Camber has no historical basis but is the product of Geoffrey of Monmouth s imagination, invented largely for political ends within the contemporary Anglo Norman world. ref See for instance J. S. P. Tatlock s classic study, The Legendary History of Britain Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1950 . ref House of Brutus References reflist Category British traditional history Category Welsh mythology cy Camber es Kamber fr Kamber it Kamber he nl Kamber no Kamber ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Gorlois of Tintagel Welsh language Welsh Gwrlais was a Legendary Dukes of Cornwall Duke of Cornwall and Igraine s first husband before her marriage to Uther Pendragon , according to the Arthurian legend . Later versions give him a number of children, the most famous of which are Elaine legend Elaine , Morgause or Anna, and Morgan le Fay . According to Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae , Uther falls in love with Igraine and wars with Gorlois to get to her. Uther asks for Merlin s aid in pursuing her, and Merlin concocts some drugs that disguise Uther in the form of Gorlois. As Gorlois, he approaches his love easily and they sleep together, conceiving King Arthur Arthur . Unbeknownst to either of them, the real Gorlois has been killed in his castle that very night. Eventually Igraine is convinced to marry Uther. Later treatments such as the Vulgate Cycle and Sir Thomas Malory s Le Morte d Arthur expand on this outline by having Gorlois daughters married off to Uther s vassals Elaine to King Nentres, Morgause to King Lot , and after receiving an education in a convent , Morgan to King Urien . Arthur is spared any knowledge of this when he is whisked away by Merlin to be raised by Sir Ector . Arthurian Legend Category Arthurian characters Category Monarchs of Cornwall Euro myth stub de Gorlois el fr Gorlois gl Gorlois it Gorlois nl Gorlois pl Gorlois pt Gorlois sv Gorlois ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Marius was a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons during the time of the Roman Empire Roman occupation of Roman Britain Britain , as recounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae . He was the son of King Arvirargus and ruled following his father s death. According to Geoffrey, he ruled wisely in the time when the Picts first came to Britain. A fleet of ships under the leadership of Sodric came from Scythia and landed in Alba ny. Once there, they began to destroy the lands and Marius was forced to react. Following numerous battles, Marius killed Sodric and set up a stone there to remember that triumph. In addition, that land became known as Westmorland after him. In respect for the people he defeated, he gave them a small portion of Albany called Caithness to live in. Marius refused, however, to give them women to marry so the Picts fled to Ireland and took wives there. Marius established close ties with Rome and good diplomacy through tribute and respect of the Roman citizens in Britain. He followed the laws of his ancestors and ruled justly. When he died, he was succeeded by his son, Coilus . Start box Succession box before Arvirargus title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Coilus years End box DEFAULTSORT Marius Of Britain Category British traditional history Category 1st century monarchs in Europe it Mario di Britannia nl Marius koning van Brittanni ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Trahern Lang cy Trahaearn is a legendary List of legendary kings of Britain King of the Britons in Geoffrey of Monmouth s fictional Historia Regum Britanniae . According to Geoffrey, Trahern was king of the Britons historic Britons and Ancient Rome Roman senator. He was the brother of the late King Old King Cole Coel and was sent by Emperor Constantine I to restore Roman Britain Britain to Roman Empire Roman rule during the usurpation of Octavius Eudaf . When Octavius took control of Britain from Rome, Constantine sent three Roman legion s to Britain under the command of Trahern. He landed at Kaerperis and captured it forcing Octavius to conscript all the island into the army to combat the Roman legions. Octavius met Trahern in a field outside Winchester, Hampshire Winchester where they fought and Octavius won. Trahern fled to Alba ny and pillaged the land. That caused Octavius to react again, where he met Trahern in Westmorland , but Octavius was defeated this time. Octavius fled Britain and Trahern took on the crown himself. A few years later, supporters of Octavius, who was in exile in Norway , attacked Trahern in a forest. They killed him and Octavius immediately returned and was recrowned king. Start box Succession box before Octavius of the Britons title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Octavius of the Britons years End box Category British traditional history it Trahern nl Trahern ... more details
for other figures called Peredurus or Peredur Peredur Unreferenced date July 2009 Peredurus lang cy Peredur is a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons in Geoffrey of Monmouth s pseudohistorical chronicle Historia Regum Britanniae . According to Geoffrey he was the youngest son of King Morvidus and brother of Gorbonianus , Archgallo , Elidurus , and Ingenius of Britain Ingenius . Following the return of Elidurus to the kingship of Iron Age Britain Britain , Perdurus joined with his brother Ingenius and attacked their older brother. They succeeded in capturing him and locked him in a guarded tower in Trinovantum . Instead of fighting over who ruled the island, they split the island giving Cornwall to Ingenius and Alba ny to Peredurus. He ruled his portion of the island for seven years then Ingenius died and he was awarded with the entire kingdom. He ruled moderately and was considered better than his brothers before him. Few remembered Elidurus locked in the tower until death finally took Peredurus. Elidurus returned once more as king following Peredurus s death. His son Runo later became king of Britain. S start succession box before Ingenius title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Elidurus years S end See also Peredur Category 3rd century BC rulers Category British traditional history et Peredurus fr Peredur it Pereduro nl Peredurus ... more details
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