Image Eye dilate.gif thumb 250ppx right PupillaryresponsePupillaryresponse is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil , either resulting in constriction ref cite journal author Ellis CJ title The pupillary light reflex in normal subjects journal Br J Ophthalmol volume 65 issue 11 pages 754 9 year 1981 month November pmid 7326222 pmc 1039657 doi 10.1136 bjo.65.11.754 url http bjo.bmj.com content 65 11 754.full.pdf ref or dilation expansion , via activation or deactivation of the iris dilator muscle . The response can have a variety of causes, from an pupillary reflex involuntary reflex reaction to exposure or inexposure to light in low light conditions a dilated pupil lets more light into the eye or it may indicate interest in the subject of attention or indicate sexual ... 2 2 138.pdf ref A pupillaryresponse can be intentionally Classical conditioning conditioned as a Pavlovian response to some stimuli. ref cite paper last Baker first Lynn Erland authorlink Lynn Baker title The PupillaryResponse Conditioned to Subliminal Auditory Stimuli publisher Ohio State University date 1938 in science 1938 year 1938 url http www.worldcat.org title pupillaryresponse conditioned to subliminal auditory stimuli oclc 6894644 ref The latency of pupillaryresponse the time in which ... 96 year 1992 pmid 1363080 doi url ref In ophthalmology , intensive studies of pupillaryresponse are conducted ... Loewenfeld title Pupillary Movements During Acute and Chronic Fatigue A New Test for the Objective ... Podolak last2 Feinberg first2 Richard author2 link Richard Feinberg title Latency of pupillary ... Sympathetic connections of the ciliary and superior cervical ganglia. class wikitable Pupillary ... dilator muscle Cause in pupillary light reflex Increased light Decreased light Other physiological causes Fight or flight response Corresponding non physiological state Miosis Mydriasis See also Dilated fundus examination Iris dilator muscle Iris sphincter muscle Mydriasis Miosis Pupillary light ... more details
Orphan date April 2011 Image Eye dilate.gif thumb 250ppx right Pupillaryresponse Task invoked pupillaryresponse is the pupillaryresponse caused by the cognitive load imposed to human and as a result of the decrease in parasympathetic activity in the peripheral nervous system . ref 1 Kramer, A. F., 1991. Physiological metrics of mental workload A review of recent progress. In Damos, D. L. ed. Multiple task Performance . London Taylor & Francis Ltd. ref It is found to linearly increase as the amount of task demands on working memory is increasing. Beatty, J. ref 2 Beatty, J., 1982, Task evoked pupillary responses, processing load, and the structure of processing resources. Psychological Bulletin , 91, 276 292. ref evaluated task invoked pupillaryresponse in different tasks for short term memory, language processing, reasoning, perception, sustained attention and selective attention and found it fulfils Kahneman s ref 3 Kahneman, D., 1973, Attention and effort , Englewood Cliffs, N. J., Prentice hall. ref three criteria for indicating processing load, that is, it can reflect the difference of within task, between task and between individual in processing load. It is used as an indicator of cognitive load levels in psychophysiology research. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Task Invoked PupillaryResponse Category Eye eye stub psychology stub ... more details
Pupillary reflex refers to one of the reflexes associated with pupillary function. Types include Pupillary light reflex Accommodation reflex Although pupillary dilation is not usually called a reflex , it is still usually considered a part of this topic. Accommodation eye Accommodation and vergence are also known as the near response , while inhibition of the ciliary muscle is also known as the far response . Visual pathways Category Reflexes anatomy stub ... more details
refimprove date February 2008 Pupillary Distance PD or interpupillary distance IPD is the distance the industry standard is to measure in millimeters between the centers of the pupil s in each eye. This measurement is used when preparing to make prescription eyeglasses . Positioning Lens optics lenses correctly in relation to the centre of the pupils is especially important for higher powered lenses due to the location of the optical centre of the lenses. It can also be relevant to binoculars they must be adjusted to suit the user s IPD and the minimum allowed by some binoculars is still too great for people with a small IPD. Measuring pupillary distance Someone with training in the field of optics can accurately measure your pupillary distance. This is normally done with a small millimeter ruler referred to as a PD stick or with a corneal reflex pupillometer, which is a machine calibrated to help the optical professional more accurately measure the pupillary distance. In very young children and babies, where the patient is unlikely to stay still, the optical professional will typically measure from one medial Canthus anatomy canthus to the other lateral canthus. Typical values Image Pupillarydistance.png 350x350px right thumb A diagram illustrating different far range and short range pupillary distance percentiles The typical pupillary distance for adults is around 54 68 mm, while measurements generally fall between 48 and 73 mm. For children the measurement usually ranges from 41 to 55 mm. The 95 percentile adult male in the USA has an IPD of 70 mm 2.8 in and the 5 percentile, 55 mm 2.17 in . Those are each the 5 of USA men at the far range and short range, respectively. For adult females in the USA the figures are 65 and 53 mm 2.6 and 2.1 in . For Europeans the figures are 1 mm smaller than the above. The IPD is one of the many ... document http blog.eyemartexpress.com pupillary distance Measure your own pupillary distance plus video ... more details
wiktionarypar response respond rejoinder Response may refer to Response liturgy , a line answering a versicle Response music or antiphon, a response to a psalm or other part of a religious service Output or response, the result of telecommunications input Response, a phase in emergency management The second half of the Stimulus psychology stimulus response relationship in psychology The National War Memorial Canada , also known as The Response . See also Response variable or realization thereof Answer Action disambiguation Transient response Steady state response Stimulus response model in statistics Response rate , to surveys. Also mentions complete response and partial response re oncology. disambig de Response es Respuesta ja zh ... more details
also Pupillaryresponse Slit lamp References reflist 1 External links http library.med.utah.edu kw hyperbrain anim reflex.html Animation of pupillary light reflex MeshName Reflex, Pupillary http cim.ucdavis.edu ...Image Eye dilate.gif thumb 250ppx right Pupillary light reflex The pupillary light reflex is a reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil , in response to the intensity luminance of light that falls on the retina of the human eye eye , thereby assisting in Adaptation eye adaptation to various levels ... larger allowing more light in . Thus, the pupillary light reflex regulates the intensity of light ... cell s through the retinohypothalamic tract , is responsible for the afferent limb of the pupillary ... of the pupillary reflex it drives the muscles that constrict the pupil. ref name Purves Neuron 1 The pupillary ..., and they influence the circadian rhythms and the pupillary light reflex. Neuron 2 From the pretectal ... iris . ref name Purves A Mathematical Description Pupillary Light Reflex is modeled as a physiologically ... 2 sup times the pupil area in mm sup 2 sup . math tau math is the pupillary latency, a time delay ... velocity, ref cite journal doi 10.1136 bjo.65.11.754 last Ellis first C. J. title The pupillary ... In addition to controlling the amount of light that enters the eye, the pupillary light reflex ... response, as well as a constriction of the pupil of the unstimulated eye, the consensual response ... Nerve work yale.edu accessdate 2008 07 27 ref For example, a direct response in the right pupil without a consensual response in the left pupil suggests a problem with the motor connection to the left ... . Lack of response to light stimulation of the right eye if both eyes respond normally ... retina or optic nerve . ref name Purves Emergency room physicians routinely assess the pupillary ... equally. Lack of the pupillary reflex or an abnormal pupillary reflex can be caused by optic nerve ... in pupil reactions for various nerve lesions. Reflex Visual system DEFAULTSORT Pupillary Light Reflex ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name In Response Type studio Artist This Day Forward Commented out because image was deleted Cover TDF IR.jpg Released June 17, 2003 Recorded Dec 2002 Feb 2003 Genre Post Hardcore Length Label Equal Vision Records Producer Reviews Allmusic Rating 3 5 Allmusic class album id r644881 pure url yes link Last album Kairos EP br 2002 This album In Response br 2003 Next album In Response is the final studio album by Philadelphia post hardcore band This Day Forward . Track listing White Picket Defense System 3 22 Composed by Frangicetto, This Day Forward One and One 4 01 Composed by Frangicetto, This Day Forward The Breath 4 36 Composed by Frangicetto, Shaw, This Day Forward In the Past ... On the Ground 4 13 Composed by Frangicetto, Shaw, This Day Forward Euphio Question 2 18 Composed by Shaw, This Day Forward Fragile Version 4 18 Composed by Frangicetto, This Day Forward The Red Room 2 16 Composed by Shaw, This Day Forward Abandon the Abbreviated World 3 42 Composed by Frangicetto, Shaw, This Day Forward Nouveau 4 18 Composed by Frangicetto, This Day Forward Voice 5 09 Composed by Frangicetto, Shaw, This Day Forward Seven 3 51 Composed by This Day Forward Performed by Vadim Taver Musicians who played on the album Brendan Ekstrom Guitar Colin Frangicetto Drums Gary Shaw Bass Mike Shaw Vocals Vadim Taver Guitar, Wurlitzer, Vocals Category 2003 albums Category This Day Forward albums Category Equal Vision Records albums ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Rkinch persistent pupillary membrane.jpg Caption Human eye with persistent pupillary membrane DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 H 21 4 h 15 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Persistent pupillary membrane PPM is a condition of the human eye eye involving remnants of a fetal membrane that persist as strands of tissue crossing the pupil . The pupillary membrane in mammal s exists in the fetus as a source of blood supply for the lens anatomy lens . It normally atrophies from the time of birth to the age of four to eight weeks. ref name Gelatt 1999 cite book author Gelatt, Kirk N. ed. title Veterinary Ophthalmology edition 3rd ed. publisher Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins year 1999 isbn 0 683 30076 8 ref PPM occurs when this atrophy is incomplete. It generally does not cause any symptoms. The strands can connect to the cornea or lens, but most commonly to other parts of the iris anatomy iris . Attachment to the cornea can cause small corneal opacities, while attachment to the lens can cause small cataract s. Using topical atropine to dilate the pupil may help break down PPMs. In dogs, PPM is inherited in the Basenji but can occur in other breeds such as the Pembroke Welsh Corgi , Chow Chow , English Mastiff Mastiff , and English Cocker Spaniel . ref name Gelatt 1999 It is also rarely seen in cat s, horse s, and cattle . References div class references small references div Category Dog diseases Category Disorders of iris and ciliary body eye stub Veterinary med stub Eye pathology pl Przetrwa a b ona renicza ... more details
Expert subject date March 2011 A Consensual response is any reflex observed on one side of the body when the other side has been stimulated. For example, if an individual s right eye is shielded and light shines into the left eye, constriction of the right pupil will occur, as well as the left. The reasoning for this response is that if a Light light source is intense, both pupils would probably be illuminated and it follows that they would constrict together. ref Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8 E F. Martini and J. Nath ref See also Pupillary light reflex Clinical significance section. References references DEFAULTSORT Consensual Response Category Reflexes Category Medicine articles needing expert attention med stub ... more details
Famine response can refer to Famine relief , the societal response to famine Starvation response , the physiological and biochemical response to starvation disambig ... more details
Response elements are short sequences of DNA within a gene promoter region that are able to bind a specific transcription factor and regulate Transcription genetics transcription of gene s. Examples Examples of response elements include Hormone response element cAMP response element External links MeshName response element Category DNA Biochemistry stub Transcription ... more details
Lymphoproliferative response is a specific immune response that entails rapid T cell replication. Standard antigens , such as tetanus toxoid , that elicit this response are used in lab tests of immune competence http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?lymphoproliferative response . External links http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?lymphoproliferative response Online Medical Dictionary, lymphoproliferative response med stub Category Immune system ... more details
Relaxation response may refer to The Relaxation Response , a term coined by Herbert Benson and a book of the same name in which he describes his Research on meditation The Relaxation Response research into the effects of meditation Dielectric Dielectric relaxation Dielectric relaxation , the relaxation response of a dielectric medium to an external electric field of microwave frequencies disambig ... more details
Federal Response is a generic terms for a government response, usually to disaster. It is usually applies to the United States, which has a federal system of government. It can refer to In the United States Government National Response Plan , also known as the Federal Response Plan National Response Framework , which replaced the National Response Plan Specific disasters Rescue and recovery effort after the September 11 attacks , 2001 Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina , 2005 Other uses Federal Response Jericho episode , an episode of the TV series Jericho disambig ... more details
wiktionary response time Response time may refer to Response time technology , the time a generic system or functional unit takes to react to a given input Responsiveness , how quickly an interactive system responds to user input Round trip delay time , in telecommunications Reaction time, the elapsed time between the presentation of a sensory stimulus and the subsequent behavioral response, in Mental chronometry See also Delay disambiguation Latency disambiguation disambig de Reaktionszeit Flachbildschirm ... more details
unreferenced date February 2008 Escape response , escape reaction , or escape behaviour is a possible reaction in response to stimulus physiology stimuli indicative of danger. In particular, it initiates an escape motion of an animal . In the cases of reflectory reaction s, the escape response may also be called escape reflex . The term is also used in a more general setting avoiding of unpleasant or dangerous situations. Studying escape reactions has a number of practical applications fish breeding, insect repellent design, preventing aircraft bird collisions, etc. Examples Image Krilllobsterkils.gif 200px thumb right Lobstering animation Escape motion Caridoid escape reaction Lobstering of krill Hiding sheltering, camouflage Motionlessness A well known escape response of squid s is to eject ink Shrimp may eject bioluminescent matter In some animals escape response includes emptying of the bowel s. See also Avoidance response Startle response Flight zone Category Ethology ethology stub es Comportamiento de huida pt Comportamento de fuga ... more details
response spectrum right thumb 200px A plot of the peak acceleration for the mixed vertical oscillators A response spectrum is simply a plot of the peak or steady state response displacement, velocity ... off the response of any linear system, given its natural frequency of oscillation. One such use is in assessing the peak response of buildings to earthquake s. The science of strong ground motion may use some values from the ground response spectrum calculated from recordings of surface ground motion from seismograph s for correlation with seismic damage. If the input used in calculating a response ..., or else the response will be infinite. For transient input such as seismic ground motion , the peak response is reported. Some level of damping is generally assumed, but a value will be obtained even with no damping. Response spectra can also be used in assessing the response of linear systems ... for low levels of damping. Modal analysis is performed to identify the modes, and the response in that mode can be picked from the response spectrum. This peak response is then combined to estimate a total response. A typical combination method is the square root of the sum of the squares SRSS if the modal ... directly from an input, since phase information is lost in the process of generating the response spectrum. The main limitation of response spectra is that they are only universally applicable for linear systems. Response spectra can be generated for non linear systems, but are only applicable ... for multi mode response. Seismic Response Spectra Response spectra are very useful tools of earthquake ..., if you can find out the natural frequency of the structure, then the peak response of the building can be estimated by reading the value from the ground response spectrum for the appropriate frequency ... that a structure must be designed to resist Seismic analysis Response Spectrum Analysis seismic analysis . As mentioned earlier, the ground response spectrum is the response plot done at the free surface ... more details
Request response or request reply is one of the basic methods computers use to talk to each other. When using request response, the first computer requests some data and the second computer responds to the request. Usually there is a series of such interchanges until the complete message is sent. Browsing a web page is an example of request response communication. One can think of request response as being like a telephone call, where you call someone and they answer the call. Compare this with one way computer communication, which is like the push to talk or barge in feature found on some phones and two way radios, where a message is sent without waiting for a response. Sending an email is an example of one way communication. Technical details Request response, also known as request reply, is a Message Exchange Pattern message exchange pattern in which a requestor sends a request message to a replier system which receives and processes the request, ultimately returning a message in response. This is a simple, but powerful messaging pattern which allows two applications to have a two way conversation with one another over a channel. This pattern is especially common in client server architectures. ref Hohpe, Gregor. Enterprise Integration Patterns Designing, Building, and Deploying Messaging Solutions . ISBN 0321200683. p. 184 ref For simplicity s sake, this pattern is typically implemented in a purely Synchronous communication synchronous fashion, as in web service calls over HTTP , which holds a connection open and waits until the response is delivered or the timeout telecommunication timeout period expires. However, request response may also be implemented asynchronous communication asynchronously , with a response being returned at some unknown later time. This is often ... human workflow must be performed before a response can be constructed and delivered. See also ... xp Group 1 10 11 2001 10 11 SRR Transport MEP W3C single request response pattern Category Network ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2009 In signal processing and electrical engineering , phase response is the relationship between the phase waves phase of a sinusoid al input and the output signal information theory signal passing through any device that accepts input and produces an output signal, such as an amplifier or a filter signal processing filter . Amplifiers, filters, and other devices are often categorized by their amplitude and or phase response. The amplitude response is the ratio of output amplitude to input, usually a function of the frequency. Similarly, phase response is the phase of the output with the input as reference. The input is defined as zero phase. A phase response is not limited to lying between 0 and 360 , as phase can accumulate to any amount of time. See also Group delay and phase delay DEFAULTSORT Phase Response Category Trigonometry Category Wave mechanics Category Signal processing Tech stub de Phasengang pl Charakterystyka fazowa ru sv Fasg ng uk ... more details
Response rate also known as completion rate or return rate in Statistical survey survey research refers ... sent by mail, and 257 were successfully completed and returned, then the response rate would be 25.7 . In direct marketing , the response rate refers to the number of people who responded to the offer. In oncology , response rate RR is a figure representing the percentage of patients whose cancer shrinks termed a partial response, PR or disappears after treatment termed a complete response, CR . In simpler terms RR PR CR. There may be a non response bias if the response rate is low. Importance A survey s response rate is the result of dividing the number of people who were interviewed by the total .... ref Response Rates An Overview. American Association for Public Opinion Research AAPOR . 29 Sept 2008. http www.aapor.org responseratesanoverview ref A low response rate can give rise to biased sample .... For many years, a survey s response rate was viewed as an important indicator of survey quality. Many observers presumed that higher response rates assure more accurate survey results Aday 1996 ... non response and the accuracy of a survey statistic is complex and expensive, few rigorously designed studies provided empirical evidence to document the consequences of lower response rates, until ... that a lower response rate means lower survey accuracy. One early example of a finding was reported by Visser, Krosnick, Marquette and Curtin 1996 who showed that surveys with lower response rates near 20 yielded more accurate measurements than did surveys with higher response rates near 60 ... Research Center s usual methodology with a 25 response rate with results from a more rigorous survey conducted over a much longer field period and achieving a higher response rate of 50 . In 77 ... Quarterly. 70 5 759 779. ref A study by Curtin et al. 2000 tested the effect of lower response ... who initially refused to cooperate which reduces the response rate 5 10 percentage points ... more details
Classic Response is a charity fundraising event in aid of SOS Children s Villages . It first occurred on the 31st March 2005, in response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake . The Royal Albert Hall in London, is host to the concert. On the 3rd April 2010, the 3rd Classic Response concert will be held, with profits going to the SOS Children s Villages Haiti Emergency Relief Programme. Past performers at Classic Response have included Aled Jones , G4 band G4 , Julian Lloyd Webber , Russell Watson and the English Chamber Orchestra . Classic Response 2005 The first Classic Response was initially set up in response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami . It was held on the 31st March 2005, at the Royal Albert Hall in London. Over 155,000 was raised for SOS Children from the event. Classic Response 2006 The second Classic Response occurred on the 15th April 2006. It featured a speech by a child beneficiary of SOS Children. Videos produced from visits to Africa, by G4 and Aled Jones, were also shown during the concert. Classic Response 2010 The third Classic Response concert at the Royal Albert Hall will raise funds for orphans of the 2010 Haiti earthquake . The performers include Aled Jones, All Angels, Amy Dickson, Blake, Brighton Festival Chorus, Camilla Kerslake, Escala, Faryl Smith, Jennifer Pike, Paul Potts, Raven and Rhydian. The City of London Sinfonia will be conducted by Carl Davis. The evening s hosts are Aled Jones and GMTV s Emma Crosby. All proceeds will be donated to SOS Children s Haiti Emergency Relief appeal. References http www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk sos children charity classic response.htm soschildrensvillages.org Category Classical music in the United Kingdom ... more details
required for the response to reach half the final value the very first time. ref name Ogata230 ... isbn 0130432458 page 230 ref Peak time The peak time is the time required for the response to reach ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The hyponastic response is an upward bending of leaf leaves or other plant parts, resulting from growth of the lower side. This can be observed in many terrestrial plants and is thought to be linked to the plant hormone ethylene . Submerged plants often show the hyponastic response, where the upward bending of the leaves and the elongation of the Petiole botany petiole s might help the plant to restore normal gas exchange with the atmosphere. Plants produce ethylene, and normally this dissolves in the air quite easily. But when the plant is submerged ethylene is trapped in the plant. Plants that are exposed to elevated ethylene levels in experimental set ups also show the hyponastic response. Image Hyponastic response.svg center 403px DEFAULTSORT Hyponastic Response Category Plant physiology ... more details
Disaster response is a phase of the disaster management cycle. Its preceding cycles aim to reduce the need for a disaster response, or to avoid it altogether. The level of disaster response depends on a number of factors and particular situation awareness. Studies undertaken by Son, Aziz and Pen a Mora 2007 shows that initial work demand gradually spreads and increases based on a wide range of variables including scale of disaster, vulnerability of affected area which in turn is affected by population density, site specific conditions e.g. exposure to hazardous conditions and effects of cascading disasters resulting from inter dependence between elements of critical infrastructure . Organizations The organisation in the United Kingdom for the provision of communications disaster response is RAYNET http www.raynet uk.net . The UK organisation for the provision of disaster response by Off road vehicle s is 4x4 Response . Charities A great deal of assistance in the wake of any disaster comes from various charities, and non governmental organisations. See List of articles about charitable foundations Charity Guide Charity fraud Intelligent Giving External links The Radio Society of Great Britain RSGB http www.rsgb.org.uk emergency Website http www.4x4response.info 4x4 Response Network References Son, Jeongwook Aziz, Zeeshan Feniosky Pe a Mora. Structural Survey 26. 5 2007 411 425. Available from http www.emeraldinsight.com journals.htm?issn 0263 080X. telecomm stub disaster stub Category Emergency management ... more details
Refimprove date August 2007 An avoidance response is a form of escape behavior present in animal s in which the subject evades an aversive event. This can be due to anxiety or a frightening situation. Avoidance response is a response that is not necessarily conditioned before being exposed to in the stressful or fearful situation the stimuli could be neutral. See for example studies involving avoidance response. ref Gannon, Steven. Roche, Bryan. Kanter, Jonathan. Forsyth, John. Linehan, Conor. A DERIVED RELATIONS ANALYSIS OF APPROACH AVOIDANCE CONFLICT IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN ANXIETY , Psychological Record 1 March 2011. Retrieved on 2011 10 2. ref Avoidance responses are used in animal training and are the commonly expected response to behavioural modification using negative reinforcement . Common examples of avoidance responses in animal training are a horse submits to the bit slowing or stopping in order to avoid the pressure or pain that the bit causes in its mouth if it is jerked back. a dog learns to walk quietly at a handler s side in order to avoid being choked by its leash. See also Escape response Startle reaction Flight zone Fight or flight response References reflist Category Ethology Category Reflexes ethology stub animal physiology stub ... more details
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