Language is a Virus may refer to Language is a Virus , a song by Laurie Anderson Singles Laurie Anderson a concept in the William S. Burroughs novel The Ticket That Exploded See also Memetics , Richard Dawkins theory suggesting that cultural information is transmitted among people in a virus like fashion Disambig ... more details
A passenger virus is a virus that is frequently found in samples from diseased tissue, such as tumour s, but does not contribute to causing the disease . Experimental demonstration of passenger status Proving that a virus has no causative role can be difficult. Although none of the following signs is definitive, evidence that a virus found in diseased tissue is a passenger rather than a causative agent includes injection of the virus into healthy animals without causing disease the absence of the virus at the earliest stages of the disease curing the viral infection using antiviral drug s or vaccination with no effect on the course of the disease. Examples A well established example is Lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus lactate dehydrogenase virus , which is often found in mouse tumours. ref Mongini PK, Rosenberg LT. 1976 Inhibition of lymphocyte trapping by a passenger virus in murine ascitic tumors characterization of lactic dehydrogenase virus LDV as the inhibitory component and analysis of the mechanism of inhibition. J Exp Med 143 100 113 PMID 1244415 http www.jem.org cgi content abstract 143 1 100 full text ref Hepatitis G virus and Chandipura virus are possible examples in humans. ref Mphahlele MJ, Lau GK, Carman WF. 1998 HGV the identification, biology and prevalence of an orphan virus. Liver 18 143 155 PMID 9716223 ref ref Potharaju NR, Potharaju AK 2006 Is Chandipura virus an emerging human pathogen? Arch Dis Child 91 279 280 PMID 16492900 http adc.bmj.com cgi content full 91 3 279 b R17 full text ref The discredited Duesberg hypothesis posits that HIV is a passenger virus in the etiology of AIDS . ref Duesberg P, Rasnick D. 1998 The AIDS dilemma drug diseases blamed on a passenger virus. Genetica 104 85 132 DOI 10.1023 A 1003405220186 PMID 10220905 ref References reflist Category Virology virus stub medicine stub ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Friend virusvirus group vi familia Retroviridae subfamilia Orthoretrovirinae genus Gammaretrovirus species Murine leukemia virus subdivision ranks Serotype subdivision Friend virus The Friend virus FV is a strain of murine leukemia virus identified by Charlotte Friend in 1956. The virus infects adult immunocompetent mice and is a well established model for studying genetic resistance to infection by an Immunosuppression immunosuppressive retrovirus . The Friend virus has been used for both immunotherapy and vaccines . It is a member of the retroviridae group of viruses, with its nucleic acid being ssRNA . Vaccination Experiments have shown that it is possible to protect against Friend virus infection with several types of vaccines, including attenuated virus es, viral proteins, peptides , and recombinant vaccinia vectors expressing the Friend virus gene. In a study of vaccinated mice, it was possible to identify the immunological epitopes required for protection against the virus, thus determining the types of immunological responses necessary or required for protection against it. The research discovered protective epitopes that were localized to F MuLV gag and env proteins. This was achieved using recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the gag and env genes of FV. Implications Friend virus models showed valuable information regarding genetic resistance to retroviral disease. A particular gene of interest is the Rfv 3 gene, which cause susceptibility to suppression of the FV specific anitbody response. The greater understanding by which the mechanisms work may aid in the development of immunotherapies and vaccines ... 15 7811 Immunity to retroviral infection The Friend virus model http www.nap.edu readingroom.php?book ... Citation&list uids 18772436 Retroviruses DEFAULTSORT Friend Virus Category Gammaretroviruses es Friend virus ... more details
refimprove date September 2011 Taxobox name Encephalomyocarditis virusvirus group iv ordo Picornavirales familia Picornaviridae genus Cardiovirus species Encephalomyocarditis virus Encephalomyocarditis virus is a member of the Picornaviridae family. Infection with the virus causes encephalomyocarditis and reproductive disease in pigs . Although a variety of mammals may host the virus, pigs are classed as the domestic host as they are most easily infected. It is thought to be spread by rodents . The disease can be found worldwide but is of greatest economic importance in tropical areas. It is not thought to be zoonotic . Clinical Signs & Diagnosis Piglets that are infected present with encephalitis , myocarditis and sudden death. Mortality rates can be high. If a sow is infected whilst pregnant she may present with a variety of reproductive signs including infertility , mummification, abortion , still birth and the birth of weak piglets. A variety of gastrointestinal, respiratory and systemic signs may also be seen as the virus infects multiple body systems. A presumptive diagnosis can be made based on the history and clinical signs. Virus isolation is necessary for definitive diagnosis. Autopsy Postmortem examination of piglets may or may not reveal cardiac pathology but histopathology should show cardiac and brain abnormalities. Signs in aborted fetuses are highly variable. See Also Cardiovirus Picornaviridae References Encephalomyocarditis Virus , reviewed and published by Wikivet at http en.wikivet.net Encephalomyocarditis Virus, accessed 06 09 2011 Category Animal virology Category Picornaviruses Virus stub Veterinary med stub ... more details
The name Concept virus refers to two different pieces of computer malware , each of which has acted as a proof of concept for a new method of propagation WM.Concept 1995 , the first Micro virus computing macro virus to spread through Microsoft Word though not the first macro virus per se Merryxmas was an earlier macro virus antiviruses were available for it at least as early as 1963 08 27 see en.wikipedia.org wiki HyperCard Legacy Nimda computer worm Nimda 2001 , named Concept Virus by its author, one of the first multi vector Windows viruses. disambig ... more details
Taxobox virus group iv familia Togaviridae Una virus is a subtype of the Mayaro virus MAYV sup 4 sup , one of the Semliki Forest Virus SFV complex of the Togaviridae family. According to the Baltimore classification of viruses, it is a class IV virus. It has a linear single stranded RNA genome. The Una virus is an Arbovirus or arthropod borne virus, transmitted primarily by an arthropod species. Location and distribution The Una virus is a widely distributed in South America , where infections have been detected in mosquitoes and vertebrate hosts such as humans, birds and horses. It was first isolated in the Psorophora ferox mosquitoes in the state of Par , Brazil . The virus is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Central and South America, such as Brazil, Colombia , French Guiana , Panama , Surinam , Trinidad and Venezuela . It is the only member of the SFV complex which has activity reported in Argentina , where two strains of the virus, Cba An 979 and Cba An 995 have been isolated from febrile or dead equines at Rio Segundo and Colonia Videla, two villages located in the province of C rdoba Province Argentina C rdoba . The reporting of the Una virus in Argentina demonstrates an enlargement of the southern limit of the distribution of this virus group. References http www.scielo.br scielo.php?script sci arttext&pid S0036 46652003000200012&tlng es&lng en&nrm iso Diaz LA, Spinsanti LI, Almiron WR, Contigiani MS. 2003 UNA virus first report of human infection in Argentina. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 45 2 109 10 DEFAULTSORT Una Virus Category Togaviruses Category Viruses Virus stub ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Langat virusvirus group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Flavivirus species Langat virus Langat virus LGTV is a virus of the genus Flavivirus . For the first time Langat virus was isolated in Malaysia and Thailand. This virus is close to Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, Kyasanur forest disease virus, Alkhurma virus , Louping ill virus and the Tick borne encephalitis virus . The Langat virus does not pose significant epidemiological threat in comparison with TBEV. There are no known cases of human diseases associated with LGTV, however antibodies to this virus have been detected in the sera of local people. ref cite journal author Gritsun TS, Lashkevich VA, Gould EA title Tick borne encephalitis journal Antiviral Res volume 57 issue 1 2 pages 129 46 date January 2003 pmid 12615309 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0166354202002061 doi 10.1016 S0166 3542 02 00206 1 ref LGTV based vaccine In 1970s a live attenuate LGTV based vaccine against tick borne encephalitis was made. At the same time, another vaccine was tested, but the group vaccinated with the LGTV based vaccine had the lowest level of developing infection decease. ref cite journal author Shapoval AN, Kamalov II, Denisova EIu, Sokolova ED, Luzin PM, Shamarina AG, Gusmanova AG, Pinaeva NI title Study of the distant consequences of immunizing people with a live vaccine against tick borne encephalitis journal Tr Inst Im Pastera volume 65 pages 133 5 year 1989 pmid 2629181 language Russian ref However, there were two big problems the high level incidents of encephalitis 1 10 000 and not absolute protection from infection in endemic regions. References Reflist Zoonotic viral diseases Category Flaviviruses ... more details
multiple image direction vertical align right width 220 header Virus A series image1 Access Virus A.png caption1 Virus A multiple image direction vertical align right width 220 header Virus B series image1 Access Virus B lowres .jpg caption1 Virus B image2 Access Virus KB partial .jpg caption2 Virus KB image3 Access Virus Rack.jpg caption3 Virus Rack image4 Access Virus Indigo.jpg caption4 Virus Indigo multiple image direction vertical align right width 220 header Virus C series image1 Access Virus C .jpg caption1 Virus C image2 Access Virus Indigo2 Redback small .jpg caption2 Virus Indigo2 Redback multiple image direction vertical align right width 220 header Virus TI TI2 series image1 Access Virus TI.jpg caption1 Virus TI Polar image2 Virus TI Snow.JPG caption2 Virus TI Snow image3 Virus TI2 Desktop.jpg caption3 Virus TI 2 Desktop image2 Access Virus TI Snow small .jpg caption2 Virus TI Snow The Access Virus is a Analog modeling synthesizer virtual analog synthesizer made by the German ... include the Virus A , Virus B , and Virus C series, each available in various hardware configurations. In November 2005, the Virus TI series was released, including the 61 key Virus TI Keyboard and the 37 key Virus TI Polar . A small desktop model was released in February 2008 called the Virus TI Snow ... changed design. The Virus series also has come out with two software plugin versions TDM ... Virus can be used to refer to any one of these synthesizers. Technical details The Access Virus employs ... . The Virus has a Matrix Modulation specification. With the TI series, two new oscillator models were ... specification allows for the creation of complex and detailed sounds. The Virus features a filter ... The Virus has had 3 major hardware revisions since the original Virus A model as well as having numerous features both minor and major added via firmware operating system updates. The Virus engine has largely remained the same since the Virus A up until the Virus C. They all utilize a single ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned virus group v ordo Unassigned familia Bunyaviridae genus Nairovirus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Ganjam virus Ganjam virus is a virus in the genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae. It causes ebrile illness in humans and disease in livestock. Taxonomy Ganjam virus lies within the Nairobi sheep disease serogroup. Genome The genome is composed a single strand of negative sense RNA in three parts small S , medium M0 and large L . ref name Yadav2011 Yadav PD, Vincent MJ, Khristova M, Kale C, Nichol ST, Mishra AC, Mourya DT 2011 Genomic analysis reveals Nairobi sheep disease virus to be highly diverse and present in both Africa, and in India in the form of the Ganjam virus variant. Infect Genet Evol ref References reflist Category Bunyaviruses ... more details
Taxobox name Coxsackie A virusvirus group iv familia Picornaviridae genus Enterovirus species Human enterovirus A, B and C subdivision ranks Subtype subdivision Coxsackie A virus Coxsackie A virus is a cytolytic coxsackie virus of the Picornaviridae family, an enterovirus a group containing the poliovirus es, coxsackieviruses, and echovirus es . Diseases The most well known Coxsackie A disease is Hand, foot and mouth disease unrelated to foot and mouth disease , a common childhood illness which affects mostly children aged 10 or under, ref http www.sarawak.health.gov.my hfmd.htm Untitled Document Bot generated title ref often produced by Coxsackie A16. In most cases infection is asymptomatic or causes only mild symptoms. In others, infection produces short lived 7 10 days fever and painful blister s in the mouth a condition known as herpangina , on the palms and fingers of the hand, or on the soles of the feet. There can also be blister s in the throat, or on or above the tonsil s. Adults can also be affected. The rash, which can appear several days after high temperature and painful sore throat, can be itchy and painful, especially on the hands fingers and bottom of feet. Other diseases include acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis A24 specifically , herpangina , and aseptic meningitis both Coxsackie A and B viruses . Treatment Treatment is dependent on the disease process initiated by the virus. There is no known cure or vaccine against the coxsackie. References Reflist 2 See also Bornholm disease Coxsackie B virus Viral cutaneous conditions DEFAULTSORT Coxsackie A Virus Category Picornaviruses Category Viral diseases Category Pediatrics Virus stub cs Virus Coxsackie de Coxsackie Virus es Coxsackievirus fr Coxsackie A virus it Coxsackie A virus pl Coxsackie ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Toscana virusvirus group v familia Bunyaviridae genus Phlebovirus species Toscana virus Toscana virus TOSV is an arthropod borne virus arbovirus that was first isolated from the Phlebotominae sandfly , Phlebotomus perniciosus collected from the Grosseto province of the Tuscany region in Italy ref Verani, P., Nicoletti L., Ciufolini, M.G., 1984 Antigenic and biological characterization of Toscana virus, a new Phlebotomus fever group virus isolated in italy. Acta Virol. 28 39 47 ref , although has subsequently been identified isolated from Phlebotomus perfiliewi P. perfiliewi , and found across a wider Mediterranean area. The virus can be transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected sandfly. Toscana is not normally associated with disease, as indicated by high seroprevalence rates up to 25 in areas where Toscana virus is present, but in common with other sandfly transmitted viruses such as Naples virus and Sicilian virus may result in a mild illness with fever, headache , myalgia pappataci fever that may go undiagnosed, in more serious cases Toscana virus can cause an acute meningitis, and meningoencephalitis. Molecular Virology Structure Virions consist of an envelope and a nucleocapsid. Genome The genome consists of three negative sense RNA segments, termed L 6400 bases , M 4200 bases and S 1900 bases which encode the viral polymerase, structural glycoproteins proteins and nucleo proteins respectively. History Empty section date July 2010 Epidemiology Serology Empty section date February 2011 Genetic analysis Empty section date February 2011 References Reflist External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ICTVdb Ictv fs bunya.htm Genus4 Phleboviruses DEFAULTSORT Toscana Virus Category Bunyaviruses ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Ectromelia virusvirus group i ordo Unassigned familia Poxviridae subfamilia Chordopoxvirinae genus Orthopoxvirus type species Vaccinia virus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Ectromelia virus Ectromelia virus ECTV is a virus of the family Poxviridae and the genus Orthopoxvirus that causes mousepox , a disease of mouse mice . It has only been seen in mouse colonies kept for research purposes. ref name Fenner 1993 cite book author Fenner, Frank J. Gibbs, E. Paul J. Murphy, Frederick A. Rott, Rudolph Studdert, Michael J. White, David O. title Veterinary Virology 2nd ed. publisher Academic Press, Inc year 1993 isbn 0 12 253056 X ref Mousepox causes skin lesions and generalized disease, which can be fatal. It is the only poxvirus to cause disease naturally in mice. References references DEFAULTSORT Ectromelia Virus Category Poxviruses Category Animal diseases Category Animal virology Virus stub Veterinary med stub de Ektromelie Virus ja ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2008 A multipartite virus is a computer virus that infects and spreads in multiple ways. The term was coined to describe the first viruses that included DOS executable files and PC BIOS boot sector virus code, where both parts are viral themselves. For a complete cleanup, all parts of the virus must be removed. The term was coined, as prior to the discovery of the first of these, viruses were categorized as either file infectors or boot infectors. Because of the multiple vectors for the spread of infection, these viruses could spread faster than a boot or file infector alone. Ghostball was the first multipartite virus, discovered by Fridrik Skulason in October 1989. See also Timeline of notable computer viruses and worms malware stub Category Computer viruses zh ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Mokola virusvirus group v ordo Mononegavirales familia Rhabdoviridae genus Lyssavirus species Mokola virus Mokola virus is one of four members of the lyssavirus genus found in Africa , the others being Duvenhage virus , Lagos bat virus and classic rabies rabies virus . Mokola virus was first isolated from shrew s Crocidura species from Mokola forest, Nigeria in 1968. It has caused two human deaths in Nigeria, in 1969 ref cite journal author Familusi, J. B. Moore, D. L. title Isolation of a Rabies Related Virus from the Cerebrospinal Fluid of a Child with Aseptic Meningitis journal African Journal of Medical Science volume 3 issue 1 pages 93 96 year 1972 month January pmid 5061272 doi url ref and 1971. ref cite journal author Familusi, J. B. Osunkoya, B. O. Moore, D. L. Kemp, G. E. Fabiyi, A. title A Fatal Human Infection with Mokola Virus journal American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene volume 21 issue 6 pages 959 963 year 1972 month November pmid 4635777 doi url http www.ajtmh.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 4635777 ref It causes lethal encephalitis , and does not manifest the features of classic rabies . Mokola virus has also been found in numerous other mammalian species in sub Saharan Africa, including rodents, domestic cats in Zimbabwe and South Africa and a dog. Some of these cats had received rabies vaccine but remained susceptible to Mokola virus infection. The reservoir for Mokola virus is unknown. Unlike other lyssaviruses, Mokola virus is able to infect and replicate in mosquito cells and so may be harboured by insect s. ref cite journal author Aitken, T. H. Kowalski, R. W. Beaty, B. J ... Mokola Virus journal American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene volume 33 issue 5 pages 945 ... 6385743 ref References Reflist Zoonotic viral diseases DEFAULTSORT Mokola Virus Category Mononegavirales Virus stub de Mokola Virus fr Virus Mokola ... more details
A recombinant virus is a virus produced by recombining pieces of DNA using recombinant DNA technology. This may be used to produce vaccine viral vaccine s or gene therapy vectors. It is also used to refer to naturally occurring recombination between virus genomes in a cell infected by more than one virus strain. This occurs either by homologous crossing over of the nucleic acid strands or by reassortment of genomic segments. Both these and mutation within the virus have been suggested as ways in which influenza and other viruses evolve. An example of a recombinant virus is Western equine encephalitis virus WEE , which is a recombinant virus between two other closely related yet distinct encephalitis viruses. In addition, reassortment is most important for pandemic influenza viruses. See also Reassortment Mutation References http www.cdc.gov ncidod eid vol10no4 03 0396.htm Recombination Resulting in Virulence Shift in Avian Influenza Outbreak, Chile. Suarez et al 2009 http mbe.oxfordjournals.org cgi content abstract 26 1 177?maxtoshow &HITS 1&hits 1&RESULTFORMAT &andorexacttitle phrase&titleabstract H5N1&andorexacttitleabs and&andorexactfulltext and&searchid 1&usestrictdates yes&resourcetype HWCIT&ct Homologous Recombination as an Evolutionary Force in the Avian Influenza A Virus. He at al 2008 External links http www.pbs.org wgbh amex influenza sfeature drjeffrey8.html Dr. Jeffery Taubenberger on A Recombinant Virus http pathmicro.med.sc.edu mhunt genet.htm Viral Genetics http www.cdc.gov flu avian gen info transmission.htm Transmission of Influenza A Viruses Between Animals and People Virus topics DEFAULTSORT Recombinant Virus Category Virology Category Influenza ... more details
A compression virus is an example of a benevolent Computer virus computer virus , invented by Fred Cohen . It searches for an uninfected executable file, compresses the file and prepends itself to it. The virus can be described in pseudo code ref http all.net books virus index.html 1984, Computer Viruses Theory and Experiments ref pre program compression virus 01234567 subroutine infect executable loop file get random executable file if first line of file 01234567 then goto loop compress file prepend compression virus to file main program if ask permission then infect executable uncompress the rest of this file into tmpfile run tmpfile pre The 01234567 is the Computer Virus Self modification virus signature , and is used to make sure if first line of file 01234567 the file is not already infected. The virus then asks for permission ask permission to infect a random executable get random executable file . If permission granted, it Data compression compresses the executable infect executable , prepends itself to it prepend , uncompresses the current executable file uncompress the rest of this file into a temporary file tmpfile and runs it run tmpfile . Cruncher is an example of a compression virus ref Mark A. Ludwig 1995, Giant Black Book of Computer Viruses p.10 ref , a strain of which Cruncher.2092 ref http vil.nai.com vil content v 318.htm McAfee article on Cruncher.2092, read Characteristics ref is described by McAfee as Terminate and Stay Resident memory resident virus that infects all but small COM file com files, making them smaller. The reason for excluding small programs is that their infected versions will be bigger than their originals. References references Category Computer viruses ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Sindbis virus image caption image virus group iv familia Togaviridae genus alphavirus species Sindbis virus Sindbis Virus SINV is a member of the Togaviridae family, in the alphavirus subfamily. The virus was first isolated in 1952 in Cairo , Egypt . The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes Culex spp. SINV causes sindbis fever in humans and the symptoms include arthralgia , rash and malaise . Sindbis fever is most common in South and East Africa , Egypt , Israel , Philippines and parts of Australia . Sindbis virus is an arbovirus u ar u thropod u bo u rne and is maintained in nature by transmission between vertebrate bird hosts and invertebrate mosquito vectors. Humans are infected with Sindbis virus when bitten by an infected mosquito. Recently SINV has been linked to Pogosta disease in Finland . ref name cdc Kurkela S, Manni T, Vaheri A, Vapalahti O. http www.cdc.gov ncidod eid vol10no5 03 0689.htm Causative agent of Pogosta disease isolated from blood and skin lesions , Emerg Infect Dis serial on the Internet . Published 2004 May. accessed 2007 10 16 ref Virus structure, genome and replication Sindbis viruses are enveloped particles with an icosahedral capsid . Its genome is a single stranded RNA approximately 11.7kb long. It has a 5 cap and 3 polyadenylated ... RNA element has been found to be essential for Sindbis virus genome replication. ref cite journal ... end of Sindbis virus genome RNA regulate minus and plus strand RNA synthesis journal RNA volume 7 pages ... virus http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ICTVdb ICTVdB 00.073.0.01.024.htm quickIDX1 Sindbis virus ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database, version 4. refend reflist External links http www.viprbrc.org brc home.do?decorator toga Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource ViPR Togaviridae Category Togaviruses ar bg de Sindbis Virus es Sindbis fr Virus de Sindbis it Sindbis virus ... more details
Shankar s Virus also known as W97M.Marker.o is a polymorphic code Polymorphic Computer Virus that infects Microsoft Word documents and template word processing template s. It was discovered June 3, 1999. It is believed to have been brought into existence by a computer programmer named Sam Rogers. Effects The virus hooks the Word event handler to close documents in order to run its code. This virus infects documents and templates when you open a document. It makes the following modifications to the infected documents ref http www.symantec.com security response writeup.jsp?docid 2001 090512 1554 99&tabid 2 Images showing the effects of the virus ref pre Title Are You surprised ? Subject Birthday Author LSK Category You Are Infected Keywords Birthday Comments Shankar s Birthday falls on 25th July. Don t Forget to wish him pre Also, when opening or closing a Word Document, a dialogue box pops up displaying this string text Did you wish Shankar on his birthday? See also List of computer viruses S Z Notes and references references External links http www.symantec.com security response writeup.jsp?docid 2001 090512 1554 99&tabid 1 Symantec Write up about Virus http antivirus.about.com library virusinfo blmarker.htm Indepth information on Shankar s Virus Category Macro viruses Compu prog stub malware stub hr Shankar s Virus ... more details
Virus riddim is a riddim Citation needed date January 2011 . It was the most popular dancehall riddim of 2001. ref Goodman, Steve 2009 . Sonic Warfare Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear , p.161. ISBN 0262013479. ref Sources Reflist Category Riddims Music stub pl Virus riddim ... more details
The Goodtimes Virus was a computer virus hoax that spread during the early years of the Internet s popularity. Warnings about a computer virus named Good Times began being passed around among Internet users in 1994. The Goodtimes virus was supposedly transmitted via an email bearing the subject header Good Times or Goodtimes, hence the virus s name, and the warning recommended deleting any such email unread. The virus described in the warnings did not exist, but the warnings themselves, were, in effect, virus like. In 1997 the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective announced that they had been responsible for the perpetration of the Good Times virus hoax as an exercise to prove the gullibility ... Times virus showed up on November 15, 1994. ref http fgouget.free.fr goodtimes goodtimes.html Good Times Virus Hoax FAQ, dated December 12, 1998, last retrieved on 13 March 2008 ref The first message ... the virus. Citation needed date July 2008 Purported effects The longer version of the Good ... Times virus caused a wide variety of other nasty things to happen. For example, one version said ... overflow . Hoaxes similar to Good Times A number of List of computer virus hoaxes computer virus ... torch virus hoax.html Olympic Torch Invitation Virus Hoax description, retrieved 13 March 2008 ref and Win a Holiday. The Bad Times computer virus warning is generally considered to be a spoof of the Good ... propagate themselves via email possible. Notable examples include the Melissa worm , the ILOVEYOU virus, and the Anna Kournikova computer virus Anna Kournikova virus . In some cases, a user must open a document or program contained in an email message in order to spread the virus in others, notably the Kak worm , merely opening or previewing an email message itself will trigger the virus. Some e mail viruses written after the Good Times scare contained text announcing that This virus is called Good Times, presumably hoping to gain kudos amongst other virus writers by appearing to have created ... more details
Taxobox Color parameter is not needed automatically assigned name Akabane virusvirus group v familia Bunyaviridae genus Orthobunyavirus species Akabane virus The Akabane virus is an arbovirus insect transmitted virus that causes congenital abnormalities of the central nervous systems in ruminant s. ref ... Factsheets pdfs akabane.pdf ref Background Virus Two viruses, both arthropod borne, have been implicated in the cause of these congenital defects Akabane virus, named after the district in Japan where it was first found, and Aino virus. Generally, both these viruses are referred to as Akabane virus. Disease Akabane virus does not, as far as is known, cause any overt sign of disease, in either ... may be summarised as follows 1. The pregnant dam has not previously had exposure to the virus and therefore has no specific immunity and becomes infected, and 2. The virus passes through the placenta ... if damage to the fetus is severe. ref name WikiVet http en.wikivet.net Akabane Virus Akabane Virus ... disease, it is necessary to know how the virus is transmitted if the infection is to be combatted. It has been shown that animals that have been infected with Akabane virus are found mostly in those ... that the Akabane virus has been isolated from this midge , has led to the supposition that it is C ... such as warm humid summers prevail, the virus carrying midge can extend its normal range into areas ... s is making headlines. The virus was isolated near Schmallenberg and the virus has been nicknamed Schmallenberg virus in Germany. While it is assumed to be closely related or identical to Akabane virus the exact details are not yet clear. ref http www.augsburger allgemeine.de wissenschaft Schmallenberg Virus Gefahr fuer Tiere in Europa id18498406.html Schmallenberg Virus Gefahr f r Tiere in Europa ... de startseite aktuelles tierseuchengeschehen schmallenberg virus.html FLI Schmallenberg Virus Bot generated title ref ref http www.defra.gov.uk animal diseases a z schmallenberg virus Schmallenberg virus ... more details
mergefrom Zika fever date April 2011 Taxobox color violet name Zika virus image image caption virus group iv familia Flaviviridae genus Flavivirus species Zika virus Zika virus ZIKV is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family and the flavivirus genus. In humans, it causes a disease known as Zika fever . It is related to Dengue fever dengue , yellow fever , West Nile virus West Nile and Japanese encephalitis , viruses that are also members of the virus family Flaviviridae. Virology Along with other viruses in this family, Zika virus is enveloped and icosahedral with a non segmented, ssRNA genome. It is most closely related to the Spondweni virus and is one of the two viruses in the Spondweni virus clade. ref name Fields Fields Virology, 5th Edition ref The virus was first isolated in 1947 from ... www.cdc.gov ref The vertebrate hosts of the virus include monkey s and humans. The pathogenesis of the virus is hypothesized to first infect dendritic cell s near the site of inoculation, and then spread ... generally replicate in the cytoplasm , but Zika virus antigens have been found in infected cell nuclei. Clinical Common symptoms of infection with the virus include mild headaches, maculopapular rash , fever, malaise, conjunctivitis , and arthralgia . The first well documented case of Zika virus ... or preventive drug for Zika virus, and only treatment of symptoms is possible. Usually ... States of Micronesia . This virus was characterized by rash, conjunctivitis, and arthralgia, and was initially ..., Lawrence K. Little Known Virus Challenges a Far Flung Health System. NY Times 3 July 2007 21 ... in the acute phase of illness contained RNA of Zika virus. The Zika fever disease process was relatively .... ref New England Journal of Medicine Zika Virus Outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia http content.nejm.org ref Zika virus could be considered an emerging pathogen, as it spread outside ... potential as a virus and as an agent of disease is currently unknown. Human to human transmission In 2009 ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 The Trump Virus is a fictional virus from the Wild Cards anthology series. It is developed as a counter agent for the mutagenic Wild Card virus by Dr. Tachyon , who helped develop the original Wild Card virus. The Trump has limited success as a cure originally it only worked in approximately one fifth of the cases, later with continued research by Dr. Tachyon this was upgraded to just under one third. However, use of the Trump is somewhat risky, with a small pecentage of those exposed to it dying. The Trump is seemingly most effective in the initial stages of Wild Card infection, but due to the unpredictable nature of the disease every case is unique. Early successes with the Trump virus Bentley, a criminal accomplice of The Sleeper Wild Cards the Sleeper , was once a dog like four legged Joker Wild Cards joker . Thomas Marion Douglas, aka the Lizard King, a Wild Cards analogue of Jim Morrison , was both an Ace Wild Cards ace and a rock star until he retired. When the Trump virus removed the Lizard King s powers, he also lost his resistance to the cumulative effects of years of heavy drug abuse, dying of a heart attack shortly thereafter. An experimental variant of the Trump virus also resulting in the transformation of James Spector into Demise Wild Cards Demise . In the 2008 Wild Cards comic book limited series The Hard Call , a supply of the Trump virus is stolen from Dr. Tachyon s Jokertown clinic and used in what are essentially criminal assaults on locations frequented by Jokers. The perpetrator smuggles vials of the Trump into the locations and then releases the virus into the environment, knowing that, while some among those exposed might be cured and others will be unaffected, at least some are likely to have a fatal reaction to the Trump. This virus can also cause swelling of the feet and hands. DEFAULTSORT Trump Virus Category Wild Cards ... more details
About the virus causing monkeypox the disease itself Monkeypox Taxobox color violet name Monkeypox virus image Monkeypox.gif virus group i ordo Unassigned familia Poxviridae subfamilia Chordopoxvirinae genus Orthopoxvirus type species Vaccinia virus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Monkeypox virus Monkeypox virus is the virus that causes the disease monkeypox in both humans and animal s. It was first identified in 1958 as a pathogen of Crab eating Macaque crab eating macaque monkeys Macaca fascicularis being used as Animal testing laboratory animals . The crab eating macaque is often used for neurological experiments. Monkeypox virus is an Orthopoxvirus , a genus of the family Poxviridae that contains other viral species that target mammal s. The virus is mainly found in tropical rainforest regions of Central Africa central and West Africa . The virus was first discovered in monkeys hence the name in 1958, and in humans in 1970. Between 1970 and 1986, over 400 cases in humans were reported. Small viral outbreaks with a death rate in the range of 10 and a secondary human to human infection rate of about the same amount occur routinely in equatorial Central and West Africa. ref name Meyer2002 cite journal last Meyer first H. coauthors Mathilde Perrichot, Markus Stemmler, Petra Emmerich, Herbert Schmitz, Francis Varaine, Robert Shungu, Florimond Tshioko, and Pierre Formenty title Outbreaks of Disease Suspected of Being Due to Human Monkeypox Virus Infection in the Democratic ... to pet prairie dog s infected from an imported Africa n rodent . No deaths occurred. The virus ... an animal bite or direct contact with an infected animal s bodily fluids. The virus can spread from ... fluids. Animal to human transmission is more common. The virus then incubates in the host for 10 14 .... Sometimes a rash appears. References Reflist External links http www.stanford.edu group virus pox ... DEFAULTSORT Monkeypox Virus Category Poxviruses Virus stub ... more details
Taxobox color violet name Qalyub virus image image width 150px image caption An electron microscope electron micrograph of an Ebolavirus virus group V familia Bunyaviridae genus Nairovirus species Qalyub virus subdivision ranks Strains subdivision Bakel virus BAKV br Bandia virus BDAV br Omo virus OMOV br Qalyub virus QYBV ref name Nichol Qalyub virus QYBV is a nairovirus discovered in a rat s nest in a tomb wall in the Egypt ian town of Qalyub lang ar in 1952. ref name Taylor The primary Vector epidemiology vector for transmission is the Ornithodoros erraticus tick , ref name Kurstak and thus it is an Arbovirus infection arbovirus . There is no evidence of clinical disease in humans. ref name Kurstak References Reflist refs ref name Nichol Cite web last Nichol first S.T. authorlink coauthors Beaty, B.J., Elliott, R.M., Goldbach, R., Plyusnin, A., Schmaljohn, C.S. and Tesh, R.B. title Index of Viruses Bunyaviridae work ICTVdB The Universal Virus Database, version 4. publisher B chen Osmond, C Ed , Columbia University year 2006 url http phene.cpmc.columbia.edu Ictv fs bunya.htm accessdate 14 December 2009 ref ref name Taylor Cite journal last Taylor first R.M. authorlink title No. 222, Qalyub QYB journal American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene volume 19 issue 6 part 2 pages 1115 1116 publisher American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene year 1970 url http www.ajtmh.org cgi content abstract 19 6 Part 2 1115?maxtoshow &HITS 10&hits 10&RESULTFORMAT &andorexactfulltext ... Marusyk, F.A. Murphy, and M.H.V. Van Regenmortel title Applied Virology Research, Volume 2 Virus Variability ... virus humans&source bl&ots 8Z8KAUvT6n&sig kCCBy3YF8 kV2aXV9xFOt6 mzVE&hl en&ei ytclS9jADon6Mczs2d8J ... isbn 0 306 43359 1 ref External links Taxon type Virus name Qalyub virus genus Nairovirus species Qalyub eolid 8614340 eolid 11654965 gbifid 13620362 Wikispecies Qalyub virus DEFAULTSORT Qalyub Virus ... Virus stub infectious disease stub es Qalyub virus ... more details
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