refimprove date June 2009 Wiktionary aditus An aditus is the opening to some interior space or cavity. ref Dorland s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers ref ref The American Heritage Medical Dictionary ref ref Mosby s Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. ref ref Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 3 ed. ref Anatomy In anatomy it can refer to the laryngeal inlet Aditus laryngis Entrance to the mastoid antrum Aditus ad antrum mastoideum Or uncommonly the Omental foramen , this is a dated term. References reflist Category Anatomy anatomy stub ... more details
Eponymous Surgery surgical procedures are generally named after the surgeon or surgeons who performed or reported them first. In some instances they are named after the surgeon who popularised them or refined existing procedures, and occasionally are named after the patient who first underwent the procedure. class wikitable sortable Letter Procedure Name Field Description External link or reference A Pyeloplasty Anderson Hynes pyeloplasty Urology Dismembered type of pyeloplasty used to treat Stenosis stricture of the uretero pelvic junction B Bankart repair Arthur Bankart Orthopaedic surgery Procedure to treat recurrent shoulder dislocation by suturing the Articular capsule joint capsule to the glenoid labrum WhoNamedIt synd 789 Bankart s operation B Belsey fundoplication Ronald Herbert Robert Belsey Upper gastrointestinal surgery Fundoplication with 240 wrap http www.medcyclopaedia.com library topics volume iv 1 b belsey mark iv fundoplication.aspx Belsey mark iv fundoplication at Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging Medcyclopaedia B Billroth I Billroth s operation I Theodor Billroth Upper gastrointestinal surgery Resection of the pyloric antrum and end to end anastomosis of the stomach gastric remnant to the duodenum WhoNamedIt synd 2730 Billroth s operation I B Billroth II Billroth s operation II Theodor Billroth Upper gastrointestinal surgery Resection of the pyloric antrum and side to side anastomosis of the stomach gasstric remnant to the jejunum WhoNamedIt synd 2731 Billroth s operation II B Blalock Hanlon shunt Alfred Blalock , C. Rollins Hanlon Paediatric surgery Palliative care Palliative atrial septostomy to treat infants with dextro Transposition of the great arteries complete transposition of the great arteries WhoNamedIt synd 2289 Blalock Hanlon operation B Blalock Taussig shunt Alfred Blalock , Helen B. Taussig Paediatric surgery Palliative care Palliative surgical procedure to treat infants with cyanotic heart defect s WhoNamedIt synd 2290 Blalock Taussi ... more details
String sign , or gastrointestinal string sign, is a medical term for a radiographic finding on an Upper GI series , in which the patient is given a radio opaque material, such as barium, to drink. X ray s are then taken of the patient s stomach and intestines. The gastrointestinal string sign represents a severe narrowing of loop of bowel, in which a thin stripe of contrast within the lumen looks like a string. It may be seen in Crohn s Disease , Pyloric stenosis Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis HPS , Carcinoid and Colon Cancer . In people with Crohn s Disease, the string sign is caused by incomplete filling of the intestinal lumen, which results from irritability and spasm associated with severe ulceration. In such cases, the string sign is most frequently seen at the terminal ileum. In infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis HPS , the pylorus is narrowed and the radio opaque material will take on the appearance of a thin string as it passes through this narrowed channel. Often, there are several of these strings seen called the railroad track sign . The use of the Upper GI series for the diagnosis of HPS, which was the primary diagnostic tool for this condition in the 1980s and 1990s, has been largely replaced by the use of ultrasound , which is less invasive and can visualize the thickened pylorus, giving actual measurements of this thickening. References Nelson s Textbook of Pediatrics, Twelfth Edition. Richard Behrman, M.D. and Victor Vaughan, III, M.D. Editors, p. 904. Radiology 2007 242 632 633, 10.1148 radiol.2422041244 Category Gastroenterology ... more details
peptide hormone produced by G cell s of the duodenum and in the pyloricantrum of the stomach . It is secreted ... contractions. Strengthens antral contractions against the pylorus, and relaxes the pyloric sphincter ... more details
Refimprove date March 2010 Interventions infobox Name Pancreaticoduodenectomy Image Caption ICD10 ICD9 ICD9proc 52.7 MeshID D016577 OtherCodes A pancreaticoduodenectomy , pancreatoduodenectomy , ref name Fingerhut Clarify date March 2010 reason link doesn t send one quite as cited. this editor was unable to proceed past garden wall cite journal pages 428 9 doi 10.1016 j.surg.2007.06.002 title What is in a word Pancreatoduodenectomy or pancreaticoduodenectomy? year 2007 last1 Fingerhut first1 A last2 Vassiliu first2 P last3 Dervenis first3 C last4 Alexakis first4 N last5 Leandros first5 E journal Surgery volume 142 issue 3 pmid 17723902 ref Whipple procedure , or Kausch Whipple procedure , is a major surgery surgical operation involving the pancreas , duodenum , and other organs. This operation is performed to treat pancreatic cancer cancerous tumours on the head of the pancreas , malignant tumors involving common bile duct , duodenal papilla , or duodenum near the pancreas. History This procedure was originally described by Alessandro Codivilla , an Italian people Italian surgeon, in 1898. The first resection for a Ampulla of Vater periampullary cancer was performed by the Germans German surgeon Walther Kausch in 1909 and described by Kausch in 1912. It is often called the Whipple procedure , after the People of the United States American surgeon Allen Whipple who devised an improved version of the surgery in 1935 ref WhoNamedIt synd 3492 ref and subsequently came up with multiple refinements to his technique. Anatomy involved in the procedure The most common technique of a pancreaticoduodenectomy consists of the en bloc removal of the Anatomical terms of location Proximal and distal distal segment Pyloric antrum antrum of the stomach the first and second portions of the duodenum the head of the pancreas the common bile duct and the gallbladder . The basic concept behind the pancreaticoduodenectomy is that the head of the pancreas and the duodenum share the same art ... more details
An antral follicle or Graafian follicle is an ovarian follicle during a certain latter stage of folliculogenesis . Definitions differ in where the shift into an antral follicle occurs in the staging of folliculogenesis, with some stating that it occurs when entering the secondary stage, ref name Lauralee2010 http books.google.com books?id gOmpysGBC90C&pg PT797 Page 769 , section formation of the antrum in Cite book last1 Sherwood first1 Lauralee. last2 first2 title Human physiology from cells to system year 2010 publisher Brooks Cole location Australia United States isbn 9780495391845 pages ref and others stating that it occurs when entering the tertiary stage. ref name Hurk1997 Page 76 in cite doi 10.1016 S0093 691X 96 00341 X ref Appearance It is marked by the formation of a fluid filled cavity adjacent to the oocyte called the Follicular antrum antrum . The basic structure of the mature follicle has formed and no novel cells are detectable. Granulosa and theca cells continue to undergo mitosis concomitant with an increase in antrum volume. Antral follicles can attain a tremendous size that is hampered only by the availability of follicle stimulating hormone FSH , which it is dependent on in this stage of folliculogenesis. By command of an oocyte secreted morphogenic gradient, the antral follicle s granulosa cells begin to differentiate themselves into four distinct subtypes corona radiata that surrounds the zona pellucida , membrana that s interior to the basal lamina, periantral that s adjacent to the antrum, and cumulus oophorous that connects the membrana and corona radiata granulosa cells together. Each type of cell behaves differently in response to FSH. Endocrine properties Theca cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone LH . LH kicks off the production of androgen s by the theca cells, most notably androstendione , which are aromatized by granulosa cells to produce estrogens , primarily estradiol . Consequently, estrogen levels begin to rise. Antral ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin arteria stylomastoidea GraySubject 144 GrayPage 557 Image Gray508.png Caption The arteries of the face and scalp. Image2 Caption2 BranchFrom posterior auricular artery BranchTo Vein Supplies tympanic cavity , tympanic antrum , mastoid cells , semicircular canals MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12156035 The stylomastoid artery enters the stylomastoid foramen and supplies the tympanic cavity , the tympanic antrum and mastoid cells , and the semicircular canals . It is a branch of the posterior auricular artery , and thus part of the external carotid arterial system. In the young subject a branch from this vessel forms, with the anterior tympanic artery from the internal maxillary, a vascular circle, which surrounds the tympanic membrane , and from which delicate vessels ramify on that membrane. It anastomoses with the superficial petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery by a twig which enters the hiatus canalis facialis . External links http www.arclab.org node pages 1734.html ArcLab eMedicineDictionary Stylomastoid artery Gray s circulatory stub Arteries of head and neck Category Arteries of the head and neck es Arteria estilomastoidea ja ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Suprameatal triangle Latin f. suprameatica GraySubject 34 GrayPage 140 Image Gray1198.png Caption Relations of the brain and middle meningeal artery to the surface of the Human skull skull . 1. Nasion . 2. Inion . 3. Lambda . 4. Lateral cerebral fissure . 5. Central sulcus . AA. Reid s base line . B. Point for trephining the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery . C. Suprameatal triangle. D. Sigmoid bend of the transverse sinus . E. Point for trephining over the straight portion of the transverse sinus , exposing dura mater of both cerebrum and cerebellum . Outline of cerebral hemisphere indicated in blue course of middle meningeal artery in red. Image2 Caption2 System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 15 DorlandsSuf 12377547 In the temporal bone , between the posterior wall of the external acoustic meatus and the posterior root of the zygomatic process of temporal bone zygomatic process is the area called the suprameatal triangle , mastoid fossa , foveola suprameatica , or William Macewen Macewen s triangle , through which an instrument may be pushed into the mastoid antrum . br In the adult, the antrum lies approximately 1.5 to 2 cm deep to the suprameatal triangle. This is an important landmark when performing a mastoidectomy cortical mastoidectomy . The supreameatal triangle lies deep to the cymba conchae. Gray s Skull Category Bones of the head and neck musculoskeletal stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin cellulae mastoideae GraySubject 34 GrayPage 142 Image Gray139.png Caption Coronal section of right temporal bone . Mastoid cells labeled at bottom left. Image2 Caption2 System Artery stylomastoid artery Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 19 DorlandsSuf 12225682 A section of the mastoid process of the temporal bone of the cranium shows it to be hollowed out into a number of spaces, the mastoid cells , which exhibit great variety in their size and number. At the upper and front part of the process they are large and irregular and contain air a form of skeletal pneumaticity , but toward the lower part they diminish in size, while those at the apex of the process are frequently quite small and contain Bone marrow marrow occasionally they are entirely absent, and the mastoid is then solid throughout. At birth the mastoid is not pneumatized, but becomes aerated over the first year of life. Poor pneumatization is associated with eustachian tube dysfunction. Clinical significance Otitis media Infections in the middle ear can easily spread into the mastoid area via the aditus ad antrum and mastoid antrum . Additional images gallery Image Gray908.png Horizontal section through left ear upper half of section. Image Mastoid cells.jpg Mastoid cells. gallery External links SUNYCrossSection hn1 8 musculoskeletal stub Gray s Cranium Auditory and vestibular anatomy Category Bones of the head and neck Category Ear pl Kom rki sutkowe ... more details
Interventions infobox Name Billroth II Image Caption ICD10 ICD9 ICD9proc 43.7 MeshID OPS301 OtherCodes HCPCSlevel2 Billroth II , more formally Billroth s operation II , is an Surgery operation in which the greater curvature of the stomach is connected to the first part of the jejunum in a side to side manner. This often follows resection of the lower part of the stomach antrum . The antrectomy resection of the stomach antrum is not part of the originally described procedure. The surgical procedure is called stomach gastro jejunum jejuno stoma stomy . ref Billroth s operation II. Online Medical Dictionary. Centre for Cancer Education, University of Newcastle upon Tyne. URL http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?Billroth s operation II http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?Billroth s operation II . Accessed on February 11, 2008. ref ref Billroth s operation II. whonamedit.com. http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2731.html http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2731.html . Accessed on February 11, 2008. ref It was first described by Theodor Billroth . See also Billroth I Roux en Y References reflist External links http img.tfd.com dorland operation Billroth.jpg Schematic of Billroth I & II thefreedictionary.com. Digestive system surgical procedures Category General surgery Category Digestive system surgery it Billroth II pl Operacja Billroth II ... more details
at the age of 96 in M nster. ref name klinik Ramstedt s operation Pyloric stenosis Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was first fully described by Harald Hirschsprung in 1888. ref name taylor cite journal author TAYLOR S title Pyloric stenosis before and after Ramstedt journal Arch. Dis. Child ... high. ref name surgicaltutor Pyloric dilatation and pyloroplasty were tried with little success. Some ... 1911 Ramstedt operated on the first case of pyloric stenosis he had seen. He had decided to perform a pyloroplasty, which involved incising the pyloric muscle longitudinally and then closing the defect ... to suture the pyloric muscle. This procedure, incising the pyloric muscle while leaving the mucosa ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Bone Name Body of maxilla Latin corpus maxillae GraySubject 38 GrayPage 158 Image Gray157.png Caption Left maxilla. Outer surface. Image2 Gray158.png Caption2 Left maxilla. Nasal surface. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 56 DorlandsSuf 12260607 The body of the maxilla is somewhat pyramidal in shape, and contains a large cavity, the maxillary sinus antrum of Highmore . Surfaces It has four surfaces an anterior, a posterior or infratemporal, a superior or orbital, and a medial or nasal. Anterior surface of the body of the maxilla Posterior or infratemporal surface of the body of the maxilla Superior or orbital surface of the body of the maxilla Medial or nasal surface of the body of the maxilla Facial bones DEFAULTSORT Body Of Maxilla Category Bones of the head and neck hu Corpus maxillae tr Corpus maxillae ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Follicular fluid Latin liquor folliculi GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Mature late stage tertiary Graffian follicle. Image2 Gray3.png Caption2 Human ovum examined fresh in the liquor folliculi Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 10 DorlandsSuf 12369280 Follicular fluid is a liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum in an ovarian follicle . This fluid is rich in hyaluronic acid . External links UIUCHistologySubject 1083 MeshName Follicular fluid http www.med.mun.ca anatomyts repro Repro55.gif Diagram at med.mun.ca http www.cvm.okstate.edu instruction mm curr histology fr HiFRp09.htm Overview at okstate.edu Female reproductive system DEFAULTSORT Follicular Fluid Category Female reproductive system genitourinary stub it Fluido follicolare ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date October 2008 The Enterogastric reflex is one of three extrinsic reflexes of the Gastrointestinal Tract . The reflex is stimulated by the presence of acid levels in the duodenum at a pH of 3 4 or in the stomach at a pH of 1.5. Upon stimulation of the reflex, the release of gastrin from G cells in the antrum of the stomach is shut off. This in turn inhibits gastric motility and secretion of gastric acid HCl . In addition to the Enterogastric reflex, the other two extrinsic reflexes of the Gastrointestinal Tract include the Gastrocolic reflex and the Colonoileal reflex . Enterogastric reflex activation thus, causes decreased motility. Emptying inhibitory factors are Duodenal acidic pH, Duodenal distension, Duodenal hypertonicity, sympathetic stimulation, Intense pain Emptying stimulatory factors are Parasympathetic stimulation, Increased volume and fluidity of gastric contents. DEFAULTSORT Enterogastric Reflex Category Reflexes fi Enterogastrinen heijaste ... more details
Image Gastric adenocarcinoma.jpg 200px right thumb Intestinal metaplasia top middle of image of the gastric antrum and stomach cancer adenocarcinoma of the stomach left centre of image . H&E stain . Intestinal metaplasia is the transformation metaplasia of epithelium , usually of the stomach , to a type that bears some resemblance to the intestine . Initially, the transformed eptithelium bears resemblance to the small intestine in the later stages, the epithelium resembles the Colon anatomy colon . It is characterized by the appearance of goblet cells . It is considered to be a risk factor for the development of adenocarcinoma . External links http www.mondofacto.com facts dictionary?intestinal 20metaplasia Intestinal metaplasia definition mondofacto.com. Category GI tract disorders Category Types of cancer ko ja ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Mastoid wall of tympanic cavity Latin paries mastoideus cavi tympani GraySubject 230 GrayPage 1039 Image Gray913.png Caption Coronal section of right temporal bone . Image2 Gray914.png Caption2 The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity , lateral view. Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber The mastoid or posterior wall is wider above than below, and presents for examination the entrance to the tympanic antrum , the pyramidal eminence , and the fossa incudis . External links http www.dartmouth.edu humananatomy figures chapter 44 44 5.HTM Gray s Auditory and vestibular anatomy Category Ear anatomy stub ... more details
Watermelon is a large melon. Watermelon may also refer to Watermelon berry , a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae Watermelon television film , a 2003 television film, directed by Kieron J. Walsh Watermelon Eureka Seven episode Watermelon politics , better known as eco socialism Watermelon Creek , a creek in South Carolina Watermelon War , a riot that occurred in Panama City on April 15, 1856 Watermelon stomach , a condition associated with dilated small blood vessels in the antrum Watermelon snow , snow that is reddish or pink in color Watermelon House , a landmark in Washington, DC that appears like a watermelon Watermelon Chess , a two player abstract strategy game from China See also Watermelon Man disambiguation disambig ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Postplatyptilia boletus image image width 250px image caption regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Pterophoridae subfamilia tribus genus Postplatyptilia species P. boletus binomial Postplatyptilia boletus binomial authority Gielis, 2006 synonyms Postplatyptilia boletus is a moth of the Pterophoridae family. It is known from Peru . ref http www.repository.naturalis.nl document 41270 Review of the Neotropical species of the family Pterophoridae, part I Ochyroticinae, Deuterocopinae, Pterophorinae Platyptiliini, Exelastini, Oxyptilini Lepidoptera ref The wingspan is about 14 mm. Adults are on wing in October. Etymology The name reflects the mushroom shaped antrum. References Reflist wikispecies commons Category Pterophoridae Pterophoridae stub vi Postplatyptilia boletus ... more details
italictitle Taxobox name Archips bulbosus image image width image caption image2 image2 width image2 caption regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Tortricidae genus Archips species A. bulbosus binomial Archips bulbosus binomial authority Razowski, 2009 synonyms Archips bulbosus is a moth of the Tortricidae family. It is found in Vietnam . ref http redalyc.uaemex.mx pdf 455 45512048004.pdf Tortricidae from Vietnam in the collection of the Berlin Museum. 5. Archipini and Sparganothini Lepidoptera Tortricidae ref The wingspan is 23 mm. The forewings are almost unicolorous ochreous rust, but paler postmedially, suffused and weakly strigulated with rust colour in the basal half. The hindwings are orange, but brownish in the anal half. Etymology The name refers to shape of the antrum. References Reflist Category Animals described in 2009 Category Archipini Archipini stub ... more details
File Nathaniel Highmore 1613 1685 .jpg thumb Nathaniel Highmore Nathaniel Highmore 1613 1685 was a United Kingdom British surgeon . Remembered for his anatomy anatomical studies , he published a well written treatise on human anatomy in 1651 noteworthy for its accurate and well written account of blood circulation . He is especially known for his description of the maxillary sinus , which used to be more popularly referred to as the antrum of Highmore . He is also known for describing the scrotal septum that divides the scrotum into the two sections that each house a single testicle . ref Merriam Webster s Medical Desk Dictionary Revised Ed. 2002, p. 49. ref References reflist Category British surgeons ... more details
used to aid digestion in the small intestine, will enter through the pyloric valve of the stomach ... in the antrum , and may extend to the body. Gastric mucosa cells change to resemble intestinal mucosa ... more details
Infobox Vein Name PAGENAME Latin vena gastrica dextra GraySubject GrayPage Image Bilebladder.png Caption The portal vein and its tributaries. Right gastric vein visible but not labeled. Image2 Caption2 DrainsFrom lesser curvature of the stomach DrainsTo hepatic portal vein Artery right gastric artery MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre v 05 DorlandsSuf 12850392 The right gastric vein , also known as the pyloric vein, drains blood from the lesser curvature of the stomach into the hepatic portal vein . It is part of the portal circulation . External links eMedicineDictionary Right gastric vein NormanAnatomy stomach NormanAnatomyFig portalvein circulatory stub Veins of the torso Category Veins of the torso ar la Vena gastrica dextra pt Veia g strica direita ... more details
to Helicobacter pylori that Colonisation biology colonizes the Pyloricantrum antral mucosa citation ... with duodenal ulcers. Associated with acid oversecretion. Type III In the pyloric channel within ... by a meal, as the pyloric sphincter closes to concentrate the stomach contents, therefore acid .... Macroscopic appearance Image Benign gastric ulcer 1.jpg thumb A benign gastric ulcer from the antrum ... more details
part of the stomach , oxyntic glands the dominating type of gland , and pyloric glands. The cardiac ... are seen. The pyloric glands contain mucus secreting cells. Several types of endocrine cells are found in all regions of the gastric mucosa. The pyloric glands contain gastrin producing cells G cells ... more details
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