Distinguish Pillory Infobox Anatomy Name Pylorus Latin valvula pylori GraySubject 247 GrayPage 1164 Image Gray1046.svg Caption Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks. Image2 Gray1050.png Caption2 Interior of the stomach. Pylorus labeled at center left. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre v 02 DorlandsSuf 12844554 The pylorus IPAc en icon p a l r s or IPAc en p l r s from the Greek language Greek , gate guard is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum the beginning of the small intestines . It is divided into two parts the pyloric antrum , which connects to the body of the stomach. the pyloric canal , which connects to the duodenum. The pyloric sphincter , or valve , is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum . It receives Sympathetic nervous system sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion . Medical significance One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis . ref http www.pyloricspasms.info ref In such conditions as stomach cancer , tumours may partly block the pyloric canal. A special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum so as to facilitate the passage of food from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent. Gallery gallery Image Gray1051.png The longitudinal and circular muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. Image Gray1052.png The oblique muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. gallery See also Cardia Ignatius J. Reilly ... The Stomach SUNYAnatomyLabs 38 07 01 02 Stomach, Spleen and Liver The Pylorus SUNYAnatomyImage 8 1 50 Digestive tract Category Digestive system digestive stub ar bg ca P lor de Pylorus es P loro eu Piloro fa fr Pylore io Piloro it Piloro la Pylorus hu Gyomorkapu nl Maagportier ja nn Pylorus pl Od wiernik pt Piloro ru simple Pylorus sv Pylorus ... more details
PPPD may refer to Point to Point Protocol daemon Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy , an operation for pancreatic cancer. disambig es Pppd it Pppd pl Pppd ru Pppd ... more details
Pyloromyotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus . It is used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis . It is also known as Ramstedt s Operation, after Conrad Ramstedt who first performed the procedure in 1911. Digestive system procedures Ectomy, stomy, and otomy Category Digestive system surgery treatment stub ... more details
String sign , or gastrointestinal string sign, is a medical term for a radiographic finding on an Upper GI series , in which the patient is given a radio opaque material, such as barium, to drink. X ray s are then taken of the patient s stomach and intestines. The gastrointestinal string sign represents a severe narrowing of loop of bowel, in which a thin stripe of contrast within the lumen looks like a string. It may be seen in Crohn s Disease , Pyloric stenosis Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis HPS , Carcinoid and Colon Cancer . In people with Crohn s Disease, the string sign is caused by incomplete filling of the intestinal lumen, which results from irritability and spasm associated with severe ulceration. In such cases, the string sign is most frequently seen at the terminal ileum. In infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis HPS , the pylorus is narrowed and the radio opaque material will take on the appearance of a thin string as it passes through this narrowed channel. Often, there are several of these strings seen called the railroad track sign . The use of the Upper GI series for the diagnosis of HPS, which was the primary diagnostic tool for this condition in the 1980s and 1990s, has been largely replaced by the use of ultrasound , which is less invasive and can visualize the thickened pylorus, giving actual measurements of this thickening. References Nelson s Textbook of Pediatrics, Twelfth Edition. Richard Behrman, M.D. and Victor Vaughan, III, M.D. Editors, p. 904. Radiology 2007 242 632 633, 10.1148 radiol.2422041244 Category Gastroenterology ... more details
The Nerve of Latarjet or posterior nerve of the lesser curvature is a branch of the posterior Vagus vagal trunk which supplies the pylorus . ref cite book last1 Ellis first1 Harold authorlink1 Harold Ellis professor last2 Mahadevan first2 Vishy title Clinical Anatomy Applied Anatomy for Students and Junior Doctors accessdate 2011 12 31 edition 12 year 2010 publisher John Wiley and Sons isbn 978 1 4051 8617 9 page 81 chapter Peritoneal cavity ref It is left intact in Vagotomy highly selective vagotomy so that the function of gastric emptying remains intact. ref cite web url http emedicine.medscape.com article 1950689 overview aw2aab6c12 title Surgical Treatment of Perforated Peptic Ulcer Highly Selective Vagotomy publisher Emedicine.medscape.com date accessdate 2011 12 31 ref References reflist anatomy stub Category Cranial nerves ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin cervix pancreatis GraySubject 251 GrayPage 1201 Image Illu pancreas duodenum.jpg Caption Neck not labeled, but visible between 1 and 3. Image2 Caption2 System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre n 02 DorlandsSuf 12559689 The neck of pancreas springs from the right upper portion of the front of the head. It is about 2.5 cm. long, and is directed at first upward and forward, and then upward and to the left to join the body it is somewhat flattened from above downward and backward. Its antero superior surface supports the pylorus its postero inferior surface is in relation with the commencement of the portal vein on the right it is grooved by the gastroduodenal artery . It is at the same level as the transpyloric plane . External links eMedicineDictionary neck of pancreas http pathology2.jhu.edu PANCREAS pancreas1.cfm Diagram at jhu.edu scroll down to figure 1.3 Gray s digestive stub Accessory digestive glands Category Pancreas anatomy ... more details
Interventions infobox Name Gastrectomy Image Illu stomach.jpg Caption Diagram of the stomach, showing the different regions. ICD10 ICD9 ICD9proc 43.5 ICD9proc 43.9 MeshID D005743 OtherCodes A gastrectomy is a partial or full surgical removal of the stomach . Indications Gastrectomies are performed to treat cancer and perforations of the stomach wall. In severe duodenal ulcers it may be necessary to remove the lower portion of the stomach called the pylorus and the upper portion of the small intestine called the duodenum . If there is a sufficient portion of the upper duodenum remaining a Billroth I procedure is performed, where the remaining portion of the stomach is reattached to the duodenum before the bile duct and the duct of the pancreas . If the stomach cannot be reattached to the duodenum a Billroth II is performed, where the remaining portion of the duodenum is sealed off, a hole is cut into the next section of the small intestine called the jejunum and the stomach is reattached at this hole. As the pylorus is used to grind food and slowly release the food into the small intestine, removal of the pylorus can cause food to move into the small intestine faster than normal, leading to gastric dumping syndrome . Polya s operation A type of posterior gastroenterostomy which is a modification of the Billroth II operation. Resection of 2 3 of the stomach with blind closure of the duodenal stump and retrocolic anastomosis of the full circumference of the open stomach to jejunum Post operative effects The most obvious effect of the removal of the stomach is the loss of a storage place for food while it is being digested. Since only a small amount of food can be allowed into the small intestine at a time, the patient will have to eat small amounts of food regularly in order to prevent gastric dumping syndrome . Another major effect is the loss of the intrinsic factor secreting parietal cells in the stomach lining. Intrinsic factor is essential for the uptake of Vitami ... more details
morbidity . Pylorus sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy More recently, the pylorus sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy ... among Europe an surgeons. The main advantage of this technique is that the pylorus , and thus normal ... lymphadenectomy . Pylorus sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy versus standard Whipple procedure ... SW procedure to the pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy technique PPPD to treat patients with suspected ... JA last9 Klinkert first9 P title Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy versus standard Whipple ... The pylorus Take it or leave it? Systematic review and meta analysis of pylorus preserving versus ... B chler first5 MW last6 Seiler first6 CM title A systematic review and meta analysis of pylorus ... Tekkis first6 PP last7 Kocher first7 HM title A comparison of pancreaticoduodenectomy with pylorus ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Major duodenal papilla Latin papilla duodeni major GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray1057.png Caption Interior of the descending portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla. Image2 Gray1100.png Caption2 The pancreatic duct. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 03 DorlandsSuf 12610350 Bile ducts and pancreas The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct together perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum obliquely, some 7 to 10 cm below the pylorus , forming a structure called the major duodenal papilla . The accessory pancreatic duct sometimes pierces it about 2 cm above and slightly in front of these. See also Sphincter of Oddi Common bile duct Pancreatic duct Ampulla of Vater External links NormanAnatomy pancreas EmbryologyUNC digest 019 EmbryologySwiss sdigestive pankreas01 Gray s Digestive tract Category Digestive system digestive stub ca Papil la de Vater de Papilla duodeni major hu Vater papilla nl Papil van Vater ja ru fi Pohjukaissuolen nysty ... more details
Interventions infobox Name Billroth I Image Caption ICD10 ICD9 ICD9proc 43.6 MeshID OPS301 OtherCodes HCPCSlevel2 Billroth I , more formally Billroth s operation I , is an Surgery operation in which the pylorus is removed and the distal stomach is anastomosis anastomosed directly to the duodenum . ref Billroth s operation I. Online Medical Dictionary. Centre for Cancer Education, University of Newcastle upon Tyne. URL http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?Billroth s operation I http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?Billroth s operation I . Accessed on June 15, 2008. ref ref name whonamedit Billroth s operation I. whonamedit.com. http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2730.html http www.whonamedit.com synd.cfm 2730.html . Accessed on June 15, 2008. ref The operation is most closely associated with Theodor Billroth , but was first described by Poles Polish surgeon Ludwik Rydigier . ref name whonamedit See also Anatomical terms of location Billroth II Roux en Y References reflist External links http img.tfd.com dorland operation Billroth.jpg Schematic of Billroth I & II thefreedictionary.com. Digestive system surgical procedures Category General surgery Category Digestive system surgery it Billroth I pl operacja Billroth I ... more details
removed, the small intestine is brought up to the Pylorus the valve at the bottom of the stomach ... the Pylorus. The removal of part of the Pancreas often requires taking Pancreatic Enzyme supplements ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin arteria gastroduodenalis GraySubject 154 GrayPage 604 Image Gray532.png Caption The celiac artery and its branches. Image2 Gray533.png Caption2 Branches of the celiac artery . The gastroduodenal artery appears on the left part of the figure and overlays is anterior to the portal vein . The stomach is raised and inverted compare with Image Celiac a branches stomach in situ.gif celiac artery branches stomach in situ . BranchFrom common hepatic artery BranchTo Right gastroepiploic artery , superior pancreaticoduodenal artery Vein Supplies pylorus , proximal duodenum MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12154350 In anatomy , the gastroduodenal artery is a small blood vessel in the abdomen . It supplies blood directly to the pylorus distal part of the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum , and indirectly to the pancreatic head via the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries . It most commonly arises from the common hepatic artery of the celiac trunk , but there are numerous variations of the origin ref Bergman RA, Afifi AK, Miyauchi R. Variations in Origin of Gastroduodenal Artery. from Anatomy Atlases. http www.anatomyatlases.org AnatomicVariants Cardiovascular Images0001 0017.shtml ref . It first gives rise to the supraduodenal artery, followed by the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It terminates in a bifurcation when it splits into the right gastro omental artery right gastroepiploic artery and the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery superior pancreaticoduodenal artery . These branches form functional anastomoses with the anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries from the superior mesenteric artery . Note that the exact branching of vessels from the gastroduoenal artery is variable. Typically, the posterior and anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries branch independently in that order, but can rarely come of a c ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin foveolae gastricae GraySubject GrayPage Image Illu stomach layers.jpg Caption Layers of Stomach Wall BR 1. Serosa BR 2. Tela subserosa BR 3. Muscularis BR 4. Oblique fibers of muscle wall BR 5. Muscular coat Circular muscle layer BR 6. Muscular coat Longitudinal muscle layer BR 7. Submucosa BR 8. Lamina muscularis mucosae BR 9. Mucosa BR 10. Lamina propria BR 11. Epithelium BR 12. Gastric glands BR 13. Gastric pits BR 14. Villous folds BR 15. Gastric areas gastric surface Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 15 DorlandsSuf 12377517 Gastric pits are indentations in the stomach which denote entrances to the tubular shaped gastric gland s. They are deeper in the pylorus than they are in the other parts of the stomach. The human stomach has several million of these pits which dot the surface of the lining epithelium. Surface mucous cells line the pits themselves but give way to a series of other types of cells which then line the glands themselves. Gastric juice Gastric juice is secreted from gastric glands, which are located in narrow tube like structures called gastric pits. Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid , pepsinogen and mucus in a healthy adult. Hydrochloric acid is secreted by parietal cells , pepsinogen is secreted by gastric chief cell s and mucus is secreted by mucus neck cells. ref name ecc cite web url http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 226712 gastric gland title Britannica Online Encyclopedia Gastric Pits accessdate 2009 04 13 ref External links BUHistology 11103loa Digestive System Alimentary Canal esophageal stomach junction http www.trinity.edu rblyston MicroA Lectures L24 html sld006.htm Slideshow at trinity.edu http erl.pathology.iupui.edu HISTO LABE167.HTM Slide at pathology.iupui.edu http meded.ucsd.edu hist img bank chapter 6 Slide 91 stomach pylorus pages a.6.91.1.1.htm Slide at ucsd.edu http science.nhmccd.edu biol digestive stomach2.htm Slide at ... more details
pylorus, is referred to as the olive, and is sometimes evident after the infant is given formula ... confirmed with Medical ultrasonography ultrasound , if available, showing the thickened pylorus. Although ... outlet obstruction due to the hypertrophic pylorus impairs emptying of gastric contents into the duodenum ... as Ramstedt s procedure dividing the muscle of the pylorus to open up the gastric outlet . This is a relatively ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Pyloric antrum Latin antrum pyloricum GraySubject 247 GrayPage 1162 Image Gray1046.svg Caption Outline of stomach , showing its anatomical landmarks. Pyloric antrum visible at left. Image2 Gray1050.png Caption2 Interior of the stomach. Pyloric antrum visible at left. System MeshName Pyloric Antrum MeshNumber A03.556.875.875.716 DorlandsPre a 50 DorlandsSuf 14179413 Pyloric antrum antrum , lesser cul de sac is the initial portion of the pyloric part of the stomach . It is near the bottom of the stomach, proximal to the pyloric sphincter , which separates the stomach and the duodenum . It may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during digestion by peristaltic contraction of the prepyloric sphincter it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the pyloric part of the stomach pyloric canal by a slight groove. Function The pyloric antrum is the location of several important endocrine cells including Gastrin producing G cell G Cells stimulate acid production and the luminal pH sensitive population of somatostatin producing of D cell biology D cells responsible for shutting off acid secretion. There is a second hormone sensitive population near the fundus stomach fundus . Etymology pylorus gatekeeper, antrum cave cavern hollow place with overarching foliage cavity, hollow tomb Additional images gallery Image Stomach2.gif Stomach Image illu stomach.jpg Stomach gallery stomach ph 2.567 Sources William F Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition. Physiology Lecture Notes. External links http med.plig.org 2 Controversy over definition at plig.org SUNYAnatomyLabs 37 06 01 04 Abdominal Cavity The stomach SUNYAnatomyImage 7 7 65 eMedicineDictionary Pyloric antrum Digestive tract Category Digestive system digestive stub fa it Antro pilorico ja ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin arteria gastrica dextra GraySubject 154 GrayPage 604 Image Gray533.png Caption The celiac artery and its branches the stomach has been raised and the peritoneum removed. Right gastric artery visible at center left. Image2 Illu lymph chain08.jpg Caption2 Right gastric artery is at 2 the lower of the two arrows. BranchFrom common hepatic artery BranchTo Vein right gastric vein Supplies stomach MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12154326 The right gastric artery pyloric artery arises from the proper hepatic artery , above the pylorus , descends to the pyloric end of the stomach , and passes from right to left along its lesser curvature , supplying it with branches, and anastomosing with the left gastric artery . Additional images Image Stomach blood supply.svg thumb left 500px Blood supply to the stomach left gastric artery left and right gastric artery, left gastro omental artery left and right gastro omental artery and short gastric artery . ref name Moore150 Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 150 ref gallery Image Gray532.png The celiac artery and its branches the liver has been raised, and the lesser omentum and anterior layer of the greater omentum removed. gallery References references External links eMedicineDictionary Right gastric artery SUNYAnatomyLabs 38 01 01 02 Stomach, Spleen and Liver The Right and Left Gastric Artery SUNYAnatomyImage 7 8 86 SUNYAnatomyImage 7 8 98 NormanAnatomy celiactrunk Gray s Arteries of thorax and abdomen circulatory stub Category Arteries of the abdomen ar de Arteria gastrica dextra es Arteria g strica derecha hr Desna elu ana arterija it Arteria gastrica destra la Arteria gastrica dextra pt Art ria g strica direita th ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Duodenal bulb Latin pars superior duodeni, bulbus duodeni GraySubject 248 GrayPage 1169 Image Gray1050.png Caption Interior of the stomach . There is no label for Duodenal bulb , but the portion of the duodenum labeled at upper left is the duodenal bulb. Image2 Caption2 System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre b 26 DorlandsSuf 12199996 The duodenal bulb is the portion of the duodenum which is closest to the stomach . It normally has a length of about 5 centimeters. The duodenal bulb begins at the pylorus and ends at the neck of the gallbladder . ref cite web url http www.gastrolab.net d1g004.htm title Normal Findings in Endoscopy Bulbus Duodeni publisher GASTROLAB ref It is located anterior to the liver and the gallbladder, and superior to the pancreatic head. The gastroduodenal artery, portal vein, and common bile duct lie just behind it. The distal part of the bulb is located retroperitoneally. It abuts the Pyloric sphincter . The duodenal bulb is the place where duodenal ulcers occur. Duodenal ulcers are more common than gastric ulcers and, unlike gastric ulcers, are caused by increased gastric acid secretion. Duodenal ulcers are commonly located anteriorly, and rarely posteriorly. Anterior ulcers can be complicated by perforation, while the posterior ones bleed. The reason for that is explained by their location. The peritoneal or abdominal cavity is located anterior to the duodenum. Therefore, if the ulcer grows deep enough, it will perforate whereas if a posterior ulcer grows deep enough, it will perforate the gastroduodenal artery and bleed. Notes reflist External links http medicine.iupui.edu ercp digestive system anatomy.asp Diagram look for figure 2, item 5 LoyolaMedEd Radio curriculum GI sandy44a.jpg http www.gastrolab.net d1g004.htm Images at gastrolab.net Category Digestive system digestive stub ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Lesser curvature of the stomach Latin curvatura minor gastris GraySubject 247 GrayPage 1162 Image Gray1046.svg Caption Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks. Image2 Illu stomach.jpg Caption2 Diagram from http training.seer.cancer.gov ss module07 ugi unit02 sec02 anatomy.html cancer.gov BR 1. Body of stomach BR 2. Fundus stomach Fundus BR 3. Anterior wall BR 4. Greater curvature BR 5. Lesser curvature BR 6. Cardia BR 9. Pyloric sphincter BR 10. Pyloric antrum BR 11. Pyloric canal BR 12. Angular notch BR 13. Gastric canal BR 14. Rugal folds BR BR Work of the United States Government Precursor System Artery right gastric artery , left gastric artery Vein right gastric vein , left gastric vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 67 DorlandsSuf 12272259 The lesser curvature of the stomach , extending between the cardiac and pyloric orifice s, forms the right or posterior border of the stomach. It descends as a continuation of the right margin of the esophagus in front of the fibers of the right crus of the diaphragm , and then, turning to the right, it crosses the first lumbar vertebra and ends at the pylorus . Nearer its pyloric than its cardiac end is a well marked notch, the incisura angularis , which varies somewhat in position with the state of distension of the viscus it serves to separate the stomach into a right and a left portion. The lesser curvature gives attachment to the two layers of the hepatogastric ligament , and between these two layers are the left gastric artery and the right gastric branch of the hepatic artery . See also lesser omentum Additional images gallery Image Gray1050.png Interior of the stomach. gallery External links eMedicineDictionary lesser curvature of stomach NormanAnatomy stomach Gray s Digestive tract Category Digestive system digestive stub fa it Curvatura minore dello stomaco ja pt Curvatura menor do est mago ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 File Mathieu Jaboulay.jpg right thumb Mathieu Jaboulay 1860 1913 Mathieu Jaboulay July 3, 1860 &ndash November 4, 1913 was a French surgeon who was born in Saint Genis Laval , which is a community in the department of Rh ne department Rh ne . He studied and practiced medicine in Lyon , where in 1902 he became a professor of clinical surgery. Two of his better known students at Lyon were Alexis Carrel 1873 1944 and Ren Leriche 1879 1955 . Jaboulay is remembered for his introduction of new surgical procedures, as well as his work involving techniques of vascular anastomosis . In 1892 he introduced the side to side gastroduodenostomy , which is an operation used when the pylorus and proximal duodenum are badly scarred, and in 1894 performed the first inter ilio abdominal amputation or hemipelvectomy , which involves amputation of the entire leg through the sacroiliac joint . This operation is sometimes referred to as Jaboulay s amputation . He is credited with performing the first sympathectomy sympathectomic operation for alleviation of vascular disease. This surgery is described in his treatise Chirurgie du grand sympathique et du corps thyro de Surgery of the Sympathetic nervous system sympathetic system and thyroid gland , which is considered to be his best written work. In 1906 Jaboulay made the first attempts at human kidney transplantation , when he transplanted pig and goat kidney s into patients suffering from chronic renal failure. Unfortunately, the operations were unsuccessful. His name is associated with Jaboulay button , a device used for performing lateral intestinal anastomosis without the need of surgical suture suture s. References http www.emedicine.com med topic3406.htm eMedicine Renal Transplantation Urology http www.whonamedit.com doctor.cfm 3096.html Mathieu Jaboulay Who Named It Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Jaboulay, Mathieu ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH July 3, 1860 PLACE OF ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Gastric outlet obstruction Image GOO AXR.jpg Caption Decubitus x ray of abdomen of patient with gastric outlet obstruction. There is a prominent gastric air bubble, gastric air fluid level, and a dilated stomach with particulate matter within it. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 537.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 190621 MeshID Gastric outlet obstruction often abbreviated as GOO is a medical condition where there is an obstruction at the level of the pylorus , which is the outlet of the stomach . Individuals with gastric outlet obstruction will often have recurrent vomiting of food that has accumulated in the stomach, but which cannot pass into the duodenum small intestine due to the obstruction. The stomach often dilates to accommodate food intake and secretions. Causes of gastric outlet obstruction include both benign causes such as peptic ulcer disease affecting the area around the pylorus , as well as malignant causes, such as gastric cancer. Treatment of the condition depends upon the underlying cause it can involve endoscopy endoscopic therapies such as dilation of the obstruction with balloons or the placement of self expandable metallic stent s , other medical therapies, or surgery to resolve the obstruction. Symptoms Projectile vomiting, which may also occur with an Epidural Hematoma or meningitis, constipation, loss of weight,sometimes epigastric pain. Causes The causes are divided into benign or malignant. Projectile vomiting may also occur with an Epidural Hematoma. Benign Peptic ulcer disease. Infections, such as tuberculosis and infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis . A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction is obstruction with a gallstone, also termed Bouveret s syndrome . Malignant Tumours of the stomach, including adenocarcinoma and its linitis plastica variant , lymphoma , and gastrointestinal stromal tumour s Pathophysiology In a peptic ulcer it is believed to be a result of oedema and scarring of ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 For the planes of a gear List of gear nomenclature Infobox Anatomy Name Transverse plane Latin plana transversalia GraySubject GrayPage Diagram showing the three major planes of the body. Image Human anatomy planes.svg Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 22 DorlandsSuf 12644673 The transverse plane also called the horizontal plane , axial plane , or transaxial plane is an imaginary plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts. It is perpendicular to the coronal and sagittal planes. It is one of the Anatomical planes planes of the body used to describe the location of body parts in relation to each other. The other two commonly used terms are the coronal plane and the sagittal plane . List of Clinically Relevant Anatomical Planes Transverse thoracic plane Xiphosternal plane aka Xiphosternal Junction Transpyloric plane Subcostal plane Umbilical plane or Transumbilical Plane Supracristal plane Intertubercular plane aka Transtubercular Plane Interspinous plane Clinically Relevant Anatomical Planes with Associated Structures The transverse thoracic plane Plane through T4 & T5 Vertebral Junction and Sternal Angle of Louis. Marks the Attachment of Rib 2 at the Sternal Angle Arch of Aorta beginning and end Upper margin of Superior Vena Cava SVC Thoracic Duct crossing Tracheal Bifurcation Pulmonary Trunk Bifurcation The xiphosternal plane aka xiphosternal junction Anterior, inferior limit of thoracic cavity Marks the Superior surface of the liver Respiratory Diaphragm Inferior border of the heart The transpyloric plane Plane located halfway between the jugular notch and the upper border of the symphysis pubis Typically located at the lower border of L1 Cuts through the pylorus and the tips of the ninth costal cartilages The subcostal plane Transverse plane through the inferior border of costal margin Typically located at the superior border of L3, or t ... more details
Distinguish Hepatic artery proper Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin arteria hepatica communis GraySubject 154 GrayPage 603 Image Gray532.png Caption Branches of the celiac artery stomach in situ . Hepatic artery is visible at upper left. Image2 3D rendered CT of abdominal aortic branches and kidneys.svg Caption2 3D rendered x ray computed tomography computed tomography , showing common hepatic artery in center BranchFrom celiac artery BranchTo hepatic artery proper BR Right gastric artery BR gastroduodenal artery Vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12154478 File Common hepatic artery.jpg thumb right 500px Common hepatic artery In anatomy , the common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver , pylorus a part of the stomach , duodenum a part of the small intestine and pancreas . It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches class wikitable Branch Details hepatic artery proper supplies the gallbladder via the cystic artery and the liver via the left and right hepatic arteries gastroduodenal artery branches into right gastro omental artery also called gastroepiploic artery and superior pancreaticoduodenal artery Right gastric artery branches to supply the small curveture of the stomach inferiorly Additional images gallery Image Gray533.png The celiac artery and its branches the stomach has been raised and the peritoneum removed. Image Gray591.png The portal vein and its tributaries. Image Gray847.png Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses. Image Gray1039.png Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the upper part of the abdomen. Image Common hepatic artery 1.jpg Common hepatic artery Image Abdominal cavity.jpg Proper hepatic artery Image Illu liver gallbladder.jpg Common hepatic artery gallery See also hepatic artery External links eMedicineDictionary Common hepatic artery SUNYAnatomyLabs 38 03 02 04 Stomach , Spleen and Liver Contents ... more details
Infobox Artery Name PAGENAME Latin arteria gastro omentalis dextra, arteria gastroepiploica dextra GraySubject 154 GrayPage 604 Image Gray532.png Caption The celiac artery and its branches the liver has been raised, and the lesser omentum and anterior layer of the greater omentum removed. Right gastroepiploic artery visible at lower left. Image2 Illu lymph chain08.jpg Caption2 Right and left gastroomental is at 4. BranchFrom gastroduodenal artery BranchTo Vein right gastro omental vein Supplies MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12154368 The right gastro omental artery or right gastroepiploic artery is one of the two terminal branches of the gastroduodenal artery . It runs from right to left along the greater curvature of the stomach , between the layers of the greater omentum , anastomosing with the left gastroepiploic branch of the splenic artery . Image Stomach blood supply.svg thumb left 500px Blood supply to the stomach left gastric artery left and right gastric artery , left gastro omental artery left and right gastro omental artery and short gastric artery . ref name Moore150 Essential Clinical Anatomy. K.L. Moore & A.M. Agur. Lippincott, 2 ed. 2002. Page 150 ref Except at the pylorus where it is in contact with the stomach, it lies about a finger s breadth from the greater curvature. Branches This vessel gives off numerous branches gastric branches ascend to supply both surfaces of the stomach . omental branches descend to supply the greater omentum and anastomose with branches of the middle colic . Use in Coronary Artery Surgery The right gastroepiploic artery was first used by us as a coronary artery bypass graft CABG in 1984. It has become an accepted alternative conduit, particularily useful in patients who do not have suitable saphenous vein s to harvest for grafts. ref Right Gastroepiploic to Coronary Artery Bypass The First Decade of Use. Circulation, 1995 92 45 49 http circ.ahajournals.org content 92 9 45.abstract ref The right gastroep ... more details
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