Chembox verifiedrevid 464377262 ImageFile1 Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageFile1 Pyrimidine chemical structure.png ImageSize1 280px ImageFile2 Pyrimidine2.png ImageSize2 190px IUPACName Pyrimidine OtherNames 1,3 Diazine, m Diazine Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 8903 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG C00396 InChI 1 C4H4N2 c1 2 5 4 6 3 ... 95 2 PubChem 9260 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 16898 SMILES c1cncnc1 MeSHName pyrimidine Section2 ... Structures by Physical Methods , Academic Press, New York, 1955. ref protonated pyrimidine Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic ... , with the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4. Chemical properties A pyrimidine has many ... are also less basicity basic The pKa value for protonated pyrimidine is 1.23 compared to 5.30 for pyridine. Pyrimidine is also found in meteorites, but scientists still do not know its origin. Pyrimidine ... photo irradiation of pyrimidine in pure H2O ices. journal Astrobiology volume 9 issue 7 pages ... ref Single Step Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives Mohammad Movassaghi and Matthew D. Hill J. Am ... 400px Pyrimidine Synthesis Movassaghi 2006 Nucleotides Three nucleobase s found in nucleic acid s, cytosine C , thymine T , and uracil U , are pyrimidine derivatives Image Cytosine ... can appear in RNA, or uracil in DNA. Other than the three major pyrimidine bases presented, some minor pyrimidine bases can also occur in nucleic acids . These minor pyrimidines are usually methylated ... 2007 See also Pyrimidine biosynthesis Simple aromatic ring s ANRORC mechanism References reflist Nucleobases ... es Pirimidina eo Pirimidino eu Pirimidina fa fr Pyrimidine gl Pirimidina it Pirimidina he lt Pirimidinas hu Pirimidin mk nl Pyrimidine ja oc Pirimidina pl Pirymidyna ... Pyrimidin ta uk ur Pyrimidine zh ... more details
Image DNA UV mutation.svg thumb right 300px DNA Lesion Thymine Dimer Pyrimidine dimers are molecular lesion s formed from thymine or cytosine bases in DNA via photochemical reaction s. ref cite journal title The Molecular Perspective Ultraviolet Light and Pyrimidine Dimers author David S. Goodsell journal The Oncologist volume 6 issue 3 pages 298 299 year 2001 url http theoncologist.alphamedpress.org cgi content full 6 3 298 doi 10.1634 theoncologist.6 3 298 pmid 11423677 ref ref cite book title DNA repair and mutagenesis author E. C. Friedberg, G. C. Walker, W. Siede, R. D. Wood, R. A. Schultz and T. Ellenberger publisher ASM Press place Washington issue year 2006 url isbn 978 1555813192 page 1118 ref Ultraviolet light induces the formation of covalent bond covalent linkages by reactions localized on the C C double bonds. ref cite journal title Effect of photoreactivating light on UV radiation induced alterations in human skin author S. E. Whitmore, C. S. Potten, C. A. Chadwick, P. T. Strickland ... also accumulate as a result of UV radiation. Two common UV products are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers ... or nucleotide excision repair, but unrepaired dimers are mutagenic. Pyrimidine dimers .... Right Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer. A cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer CPD contains a four membered ... Type Pyrimidine Dimers in Polynucleotides author R. B. Setlow pmid 5328566 ref ref cite web ..., or 6,4 pyrimidine pyrimidones, occur at one third the frequency of CPDs but are more mutagenic. ref ... polymerase s frequently introduce mutations at pyrimidine dimers, both in prokaryotes SOS mutagenesis ... DNA repair Image melanoma.jpg thumb right 300px Melanoma type of skin cancer Pyrimidine dimers introduce ... enables the photochemical reactions to occur, which results in the elimination of the pyrimidine ... pyrimidine dimers in humans may lead to melanoma. ref cite journal doi 10.1016 S1011 1344 01 00245 7 author Vink Arie A., Roza Len year 2001 title Biological consequences of cyclobutane pyrimidine ... more details
nofootnotes date August 2008 Pyrimidine biosynthesis occurs both in the body and through organic synthesis. De novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II ref cite web title Entrez Gene Dihydroorotase CAD carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2 , aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 790 accessdate ref carbamoyl phosphate This is the regulated step in the pyrimidine biosynthesis. aspartic transcarbamolyase aspartate carbamoyl transferase ref cite web title Entrez Gene CAD carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 790 accessdate ref carbamoyl aspartic acid dihhydroorotase ref cite web title Entrez Gene CAD carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 790 accessdate ref dihydroorotate Dehydration dihydroorotate dehydrogenase ref cite web title Entrez Gene DHODH dihydroorotate dehydrogenase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 1723 accessdate ref the only mitochondrial enzyme orotate Dihydroorotate then enters the mitochondria where it is oxidised through removal of hydrogens. This is the only mitochondrial step in nucleotide rings biosynthesis. orotate phosphoribosyltransferase ref cite web title Entrez Gene UMPS uridine monophosphate synthetase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 7372 accessdate ref orotidine 5 monophosphate OMP PRPP is used ... , the first three steps are done by three different enzymes. Pyrimidine catabolism Pyrimidines are ultimately ... for rate of DNA turnover. Fact date February 2007 Pharmacotherapy Modulating the pyrimidine metabolism pharmacologically has therapeutical uses. Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are used in active ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Analogue Type studio Artist A ha Cover Analogue.jpg Released 4 November 2005 Recorded February 2005 &ndash July 2005 Genre New Wave music New Wave br Pop rock br Synthpop Length 54 43 Label Universal Music Group Universal International br Polydor Records Producer Martin Terefe, with Kjetil Bjerkestrand, Michael Ilbert, Max Martin Mixers Flood , Michael Ilbert Last album The Singles 1984 2004 br 2005 This album Analogue br 2005 Next album Foot of the Mountain br 2009 Misc Singles Name Analogue Type Studio single 1 Celice song Celice single 1 date 7 October 2005 single 2 Birthright promo single 2 date 28 October 2005 single 3 Analogue All I Want single 3 date 23 January 2006 single 4 Cosy Prisons single 4 date 17 April 2006 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 2.5 5 Allmusic class album id r809713 pure url yes link rev2 Entertainment.ie rev2Score Rating 4 5 http entertainment.ie album review A Ha Analogue 4212.htm link rev3 TheMusicZine rev3Score Rating 4 5 http www.themusiczine.com album.php?id 6 link Analogue is the eighth studio ... Magne Furuholmen &ndash 4 08 Analogue All I Want Magne Furuholmen Paul Waaktaar Savoy Max Martin &ndash ... br Christer Karlsson &ndash piano br Graham Nash &ndash backing vocals Miscellaneous The song Analogue All I Want was originally a song called Minor Key Sonata Analogue , which like the rest of the album ... Key Sonata Analogue into a more radio friendly song, with a less surreal lyric and catchier chorus. The song was then re written as Analogue All I Want and re recorded, and is the only track on the album ... since 1988. The B side Case Closed on Silver Shore was also produced during the Analogue sessions ... forum.A ha.com thenewsite disco.php disco analogue.html Analogue discography on official A ha site A ha ... album stub cs Analogue de Analogue es Analogue eo Analogue fr Analogue album it Analogue no Analogue pl Analogue pt Analogue ru Analogue uk Analogue ... more details
Infobox record label name Clan Analogue image Image clananalogue.jpg founded 1993 founders Brendan Palmer ... , Canberra , Brisbane url http www.clananalogue.org History Clan Analogue was started in Sydney, Australia ... for electronic music and a lack of options for releasing recorded material, Clan Analogue was born out of necessity. Since its inception Clan Analogue has released over 30 albums ref http www.discogs.com label Clan Analogue Discog listing Clan Analogue releases ref directly with many more releases ... simulation of the early analogue instruments throughout the nineties, Scot Art aka Nerve Agent informs me that analogue is a process or a state of being , apparently not distant from the idea ... only do so much it needs a circuit, other transistors, to operate . Not digital creatures , humans are analogue ... Dark Network Koshowko ref cite web title Koshowko on Clan Analogue web page url http www.clananalogue.org artists koshowko publisher Clan Analogue ref Nerve Agent Atone The Telemetry Orchestra ref ... band Infusion Des Peres Purple World Tesseract Carrier member of Clan Analogue Zog signal to noise ... ca039k koshowko the truth in me work CA039K KOSHOWKO THE TRUTH IN ME publisher Clan Analogue ref CA038 RE COGNITION THE CLAN ANALOGUE LEGACY COLLECTION Various Artists CA037 DOUBLE EXPOSURE Winduptoys ... http newsite.clananalogue.org releases ca036k promise i koshowko publisher Clan Analogue ref CA036B ... External links http www.clananalogue.org Clan Analogue Web site http www.zonar.net bp Brendan Palmer, founder of Clan Analogue page http www.amo.org.au label.asp?id 436 Australian Music Online Listing http www.cyclicdefrost.com blog ?p 289 Cyclic Defrost Review Clan Analogue In Version Dub Selections http www.inthemix.com.au reviews music 25757 Inthemix Review Clan Analogue In Version Dub Selections by Chris Downton http www.inthemix.com.au music 854 Cognition 3 Clan Analogue Inthemix Review ... record label.aspx?id 162 Resident Advisor Web Site Listing http www.emusic.com label Clan Analogue The Orchard ... more details
Analogue Productions is a record label specializing in the manufacture and distribution of reissue LP record albums, Compact disc CDs and Super Audio CD SACDs that primarily include jazz , blues , Rock music rock , Folk music folk and classical music classical styles of music. The company is a division of Acoustic Sounds, Inc. founded by music entrepreneur Chad Kassem in Salina, Kansas , United States in 1992. First reissued album released That year, Kassem reissued his first album, Virgil Thomson s The Plow That Broke The Plains , originally released by Vanguard Records in the 1970s. ref Analogue Productions, The Complete Catalogue, Volume 1, Summer 2010 ref Through his personal passion for Recording record collecting and then buying and selling used LPs, Kassem had learned how difficult it was to find original records in mint condition. So he started Analogue Productions to begin reissuing his favorite titles on LP. The company has since expanded its operation to include reissues on CD and SACD. ref John Crossett, Found on Vinyl The Blues on Analogue Productions Originals , http www.soundstage.com vinyl vinyl200206.htm SoundStage June 2002 ref ref Dave Glackin, Three Greats From Acoustic Sounds Analogue Productions , http www.enjoythemusic.com magazine music 0901 analogueprod.htm Enjoy the Music.com magazine ref Processes instituted for quality control Analogue Productions audio mastering for its reissued albums is done using only the original analogue master recording master tapes , hence the name of the label. Analogue Productions LP reissues feature thicker grade vinyl pressed at 180 grams weight or better, making for superior audiophile reproduction. Record pressing plant launched Analogue Productions initially produced its records through record pressing plants in Los ... to recreate rare records VZI8btJPHES8sRyj6DO3sQ.cspx KSN News, September 2011 ref To date, Analogue ... Sounds http www.analogueproductions.com Analogue Productions http www.aporecords.com APO Records http ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Christ Analogue image caption background group or band alias origin Seattle , United States instrument genre Electronic music br Industrial rock occupation years active 1995 &ndash 1998 br 2003 &ndash 2004 label Flagrant Records br Re Constriction Records br Manifest associated acts website http www.christanalogue.com Official Site current members Wade Alin past members Markus Von Prause, Rey Guajardo, Tracy Moody, Sean Ivy Christ Analogue is an industrial rock group started in 1995 by frontman and producer Wade Alin. They were known for their confident and remarkable live show. ref cite web last Bush first John authorlink John Bush title Christ Analogue work allmusic guide publisher http www.allmusic.com date url http www.allmusic.com format doi accessdate 2008 04 02 ref History Christ Analogue was devised in 1995 by programmer vocalist Wade Alin. The 1996 release ... Veronica Jayne title Christ Analogue Arrogant or Just Convinced? work Starfire Creative publisher ... their own tours of the United States. Christ Analogue did five national tours within two years ... Analogue Satyricon, Portland, OR work Sonic Boom publisher date 1997 05 28 url http www.aracnet.com ... Cargo Re Constriction, Christ Analogue self produced their second album, In Radiant Decay. Critically ... continued to apply the Christ Analogue name to various remixes, and remains a sought after producer ... departure, Christ Analogue reemerged with the album Everyday Is Distortion. Discography Albums ... Collide Deep Christ Analogue Remix 1996 Killing Floor American band Killing Floor Wood Christ Analogue ... Sister Machine Gun To Hell With You Christ Analogue Remix 2003 PTI band PTI IDentify Christ Analogue Putrefaction 2004 Cylab Maze Christ Analogue Remix 2004 Collide band Collide Razor Sharp Dull Mix 2004 ... In Your Tracks Christ Analogue Remix 2006 References reflist External links http www.christanalogue.com Christ Analogue Official Site MySpace 132361871 Christ Analogue discogs artist Category American ... more details
main Electronics Electronic circuit Analogue electronics or analog in American English are electronics ... electronics where signals usually take only two different levels. The term analogue describes the proportional ... analogue is derived from the Greek word analogos meaning proportional . ref cite book title ... 10 ref Analogue signals Main Analogue signal An analogue signal use some attribute of the medium ... books.google.com books?id av 37zMG5H4C&pg PA9&dq analogue electronics transducer v onepage&q &f false ... 10 degrees, and 10.1 volts would represent 10.1 degrees. Another method of conveying an analogue signal ... Barron s Educational Series isbn 0764119811 quote Until the radio came along... ref In an analogue ... waveform or shape. mechanics Mechanical , pneumatic , hydraulic and other systems may also use analogue signals.these are those system which does not give digital output Inherent noise Analogue systems ... by the random thermal vibrations of atomic particles. Since all variations of an analogue signal .... ref cite book last Hsu first Hwei Piao title Schaum s outline of theory and problems of analogue and digital communications url http books.google.com books?id 02I J ZQa50C&pg PA202&dq analogue ... in microwave systems... ref Analogue vs. digital electronics Since the information is encoded differently in analogue and digital electronics , the way they process a signal is consequently different. All operations that can be performed on an analogue signal such as Amplifier amplification .... Every digital circuit is also an analogue circuit, in that the behaviour of any digital circuit can be explained using the rules of analogue circuits. The first electronic devices invented and mass production mass produced were analogue. The use of microelectronics has reduced the cost of digital ... isbn 0309049887 quote ...microelectronics technology. ref The main differences between analogue and digital electronics are listed below Noise Because of the way information is encoded in analogue circuits ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2008 For other uses, see Analog disambiguation . The term analogue is used in literary history in two related senses a work which resembles another in terms of one or more Motif literature motif s, Fictional character characters , scenes, phrases or events. an individual motif, character, scene, event or phrase which resembles one found in another work. Similarities may be fortuitous, in which case the merit of establishing an analogue is that it makes it possible to see how works from different authors perhaps also in different languages, periods, genres treat similar characters or motifs. But the term is used particularly in the study of legend s, folk tale s and oral literature for works that have features in common either because they derive from a shared tradition or because they both rework material from a specific older text, which may or may not still survive. For example, some claim the story of Noah and the Deluge mythology Flood in the Bible and the Epic of Gilgamesh are analogues Citation needed date August 2010 . However, where one work draws directly on another, the term analogue is inappropriate the earlier work is the source of the later. In the literature of earlier periods, it may not be easy to decide whether a particular work is a direct source for another, especially if there are uncertainties of dating. The phrase sources and analogues is used to cover all material relevant to the creation of a particular work. DEFAULTSORT Analogue Literature Category Literary concepts Category Literary motifs ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Audio Analogue is a manufacturer of home audio audio equipment equipment based in Monsummano Terme , Province of Pistoia PT , Italy . Established in 1995, they sell a wide range of CD player s, Electronic amplifier amplifiers , and Tuner radio tuners . One of its most popular and well reviewed products is its Puccini amplifier. In 1999, co founder Federico Paoletti left the company and now maintains some documentation about Audio Analogue original projects, as well as various other interesting Hi Fi related design. External links http www.audioanalogue.com Official Web site English http www.pi.infn.it federico unofficial.htm Unofficial Web site English manufacturing company stub Category Audio equipment manufacturers Category Manufacturing companies of Italy ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Mount Analogue A Novel of Symbolically Authentic Non Euclidean Adventures in Mountain Climbing title orig Le Mont Analogue. Roman d aventures alpines, non euclidiennes et symboliquement authentiques translator image Image ReneDaumal MountAnalogue.jpg 200px Recent paperback cover. prefer 1st edition image caption author Ren Daumal cover artist country France language French language French series genre Surrealist novel , Fantasy literature fantasy publisher Stuart Eng. trans. release date 1952 in literature 1952 english release date 1959 in literature 1959 media type Print Hardcover Hardback & Paperback pages 106 p. hardback edition isbn 0877738505 dewey 843 .912 20 congress PQ2607.A86 M613 1992 oclc 25747666 preceded by followed by Mount Analogue A Novel of Symbolically Authentic Non Euclidean Adventures in Mountain ... of a mountain, the Mount Analogue of the title, which can only be perceived by realising that one ... Daumal, Mount Analogue a novel of symbolically authentic non Euclidean adventures in mountain climbing ... that unites Heaven and Earth is the Logos . Mount Analogue was first published posthumously in 1952 in French language French as Le Mont Analogue. Roman d aventures alpines, non euclidiennes et symboliquement ... On the Foothills of Mount Analogue ref blockquote One finds here, very rarely in the low lying areas ... by the guides of Mount Analogue. Therefore, it is the standard of all currency, as gold is for us ...?IRN 68991&PICTAUS TRUE Imants TILLERS Mount Analogue 1985 , National Gallery of Australia ref Adaptations ... , performed a radio presentation of Mount Analogue later in his life. Daniel Pinkwater author Daniel Pinkwater , an American novelist, mentions Mount Analogue in his young adult book Lizard Music ... Category Unfinished novels Category Fictional mountains Analogue, Mount Category Posthumous novels fr Le Mont Analogue it Il Monte Analogo ru ... more details
Notability date August 2008 Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Jackson Analogue image Jackson analogue Live performance.jpg caption Jackson Analogue performing in 2008 image size 250 landscape YES background group or band alias origin Isle of wight , England genre Alternative rock br Garage rock revival years active 2005&mdash present label Universal Records Island Records associated acts website http www.jacksonanalogue.com www.jacksonanalogue.com current members Rob Homes br Peter Corney br Craig watson br Jim Homes br Matt Winsor past members Jackson analogue are a garage rock band from England Formed in 2004, The Jackson Analogue are a five piece rock band who in their short but illustrious career so far has seen them sign to a major record label, leave a major record label, licence their debut album around the world and are now getting read to release their second self recorded and produced album Half Way Home . A Brief History Early 2005 the band self release their first 7 Band on a Hill . After receiving plays on BBC Radio 1 , BBC Radio 2 , XFM and many specialist shows the record labels come knocking and after their first sell out gig at Ryde Castle on the Isle of Wight , and after much bidding the band sign with Island Records . They then proceed to start recording on their debut album, which they finished late 2005 and everything is ready to start in late 2006. 2006 starts off promising with UK tours, but goes all wrong, then its fine again with storming performances at SXSW and support tours with The Fratellis . But with delays on the album being released making them all teary, the Band and its management decide to leave Island Records and walk away with the album under their arms and some tears on there faces and a bunch of new songs ... Analogue Category Family musical groups Category Garage punk groups Category Southern rock musical groups Category English rock music groups UK rock band stub de Jackson Analogue ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The analog or analogue switch , also called the bilateral switch , is an electronics electronic component that behaves in a similar way to a relay , but has no moving parts . The switching element is normally a MOSFET transistor . The control input to the switch is a standard CMOS or Transistor transistor logic TTL logic input, which is shifted by internal circuitry to a suitable voltage for switching the MOSFET. The result is that a logic 0 on the control input causes the MOSFET to have a high electrical resistance resistance , so that the switch is off, and a logic 1 on the input causes the MOSFET to have a low resistance, so that the switch is on. Analogue switches are usually manufactured as integrated circuit s in packages containing multiple switches typically two, four or eight . These include the 4016 and 4066 from the 4000 series . The switch generally provides good isolation between the control signal and the input output signals. However this has some limit so they may be not appropriate for some high voltage or safety critical circuits. For such cases, an opto isolator may be used. Also the current handling capability of smaller devices may be less than typical mechanical relays. Units are available that can reliably switch hundreds of volts and hundreds of amperes, up to the thyristors found in High voltage direct current HVDC systems. There are also some constraints on the polarity and range of voltages of the signal being switched. Important parameters of an analogue switch are on resistance the resistance of the MOSFET when switched on. This commonly ranges from 5 ohm s to a few hundred ohms. off resistance the resistance of the MOSFET when switched off. This is typically a number of megohms or gigaohms. signal range the minimum and maximum voltages allowed for the signal to be passed through. If these are exceeded, the switch ... Analogue Switch Category Solid state switches Category Switches ja ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Vasopressin analogues are chemicals similar in function but not necessarily similar in structure to vasopressin ADH , such as desmopressin . Desmopressin is administered as an oral spray to treat diseases where ADH is either not being produced in sufficient amounts, or vasopressin s receptor biochemistry receptor s are not being stimulated by the vasopressin. An example of desmopressin s use is for childhood bed wetting, where it is believed that children s circadian rhythms are not synchronized with normal light dark cycles, and consequentially the ADH surge normal children experience at night is not experienced in these children. Taking a desmopressin dose 30 45 minutes before sleeping results in concentrated urine production, and the urination reflex experienced when the bladder fills above a certain level is not triggered. Pituitary and hypothalamic hormones and analogues DEFAULTSORT Vasopressin Analogue Category Pharmacology 11 systemic hormonal drug stub ... more details
Purine analogues are antimetabolite s that mimic the structure of metabolic purine s. Azathioprine is the main immunosuppressive cytotoxic substance. It is widely used in transplantations to control rejection reactions. It is nonenzymatically cleaved to 6 mercaptopurine that acts as a purine analogue and an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. By preventing the clonal expansion of lymphocytes in the induction phase of the immune response, it affects both the cell immunity cell and the humoral immunity . It also successfully suppresses autoimmunity . Mercaptopurine Thioguanine is used to treat acute leukemias and remissions in acute granulocytic leukemias Fludarabine inhibits function of multiple DNA polymerase s, DNA primase , and DNA ligase I , and is S phase specific since these enzymes are highly active during DNA replication . Pentostatin and cladribine are adenosine analogs that are used primarily to treat hairy cell leukemia . gallery Image Purine.png Purine Image Mercaptopurine.svg Mercaptopurine Image Tioguanine.svg Thioguanine Image Fludarabine phosphate.svg Fludarabine gallery Antivirals Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides Category Purines Category Antimetabolites biochem stub sr Analogni purini zh ... more details
Refimprove date November 2009 Image BuddhistcuisineTofuMeat.jpg thumb right Hong Kong style tofu from Buddhist cuisine is prepared to have a texture similar to meat. Image Vegan Meat Pie 01 Pengo.jpg thumb A vegan faux meat pie, containing soy protein and mushrooms, from an Australian bakery . File Tempe Burger.jpg thumb Tempeh Burger A meat analogue , also called a meat substitute , mock meat , faux meat , or imitation meat , approximates the aesthetic qualities primarily texture, flavor , and appearance and or chemical characteristics of specific types of meat . Many analogues are Soybean soy based see tofu , tempeh . Generally, meat analogue is understood to mean a food made from non meats, sometimes without other animal products, such as dairy. The market for meat imitations includes vegetarianism vegetarians , veganism vegans , non vegetarians seeking to reduce their meat consumption for health or ethical reasons, and people following religious dietary laws, such as Kashrut or Halal . Indian cuisine Hindu cuisine features the oldest known use of meat analogues. proveit date March 2012 Meat analogue may also refer to a meat based and or less expensive alternative to a particular meat product, such as surimi . Vegetarian meat, dairy, and egg analogues Image Veggie burger SuziJane flickr creative commons.jpg thumb Veggie burgers garnished with onion, ketchup, and Cheddar cheese . Some vegetarian meat analogues are based on centuries old recipes for seitan wheat gluten , rice , mushroom s, legumes , tempeh , or pressed tofu , with flavoring added to make the finished product taste like chicken, beef, lamb, ham, sausage, seafood, etc. Tofu skin Yuba is another soy based meat analogue, made by layering the thin skin which forms on top of boiled soy milk. ref Patterson, Daniel. http www.nytimes.com 2006 08 06 magazine 06food.html The Way We Eat I Can t Believe It s Tofu , New York Times , 2006 08 06. Retrieved on 2009 02 26. ref Some more recent meat analogues include ... more details
US Soyfoods Directory ref Comparison to dairy cheese Some cheese analogue brands melt similarly to dairy ... Kunstk se es Substituto del queso nl Analoogkaas ja no Analog ost simple Cheese analogue fi ... more details
enzyme Name pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase EC number 2.4.2.2 CAS number 9055 35 0 IUBMB EC number 2 4 2 2 GO code 0016154 image width caption In enzymology , a pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase EC number 2.4.2.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction a pyrimidine nucleoside phosphate math rightleftharpoons math a pyrimidine base alpha D ribose 1 phosphate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are pyrimidine nucleoside and phosphate , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyrimidine base and alpha D ribose 1 phosphate . This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferase s, specifically the pentosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyrimidine nucleoside phosphate alpha D ribosyltransferase . This enzyme is also called Py NPase . This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism . Structural studies As of late 2007, two tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1BRW and PDB link 2DSJ . References reflist 1 Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrback, K. Eds. , The Enzymes, 2nd ed., vol. 5, Academic Press, New York, 1961, p. 237 255. cite journal author Saunders PP, Wilson BA, Saunders GF date 1969 title Purification and comparative properties of a pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase from Bacillus stearothermophilus journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 244 pages 3691&ndash 7 pmid 4978445 issue 13 cite journal doi 10.1271 bbb.60.1179 author Hamamoto T, Noguchi T, Midorikawa Y date 1996 title Purification and characterization of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase from Bacillus stearothermophilus TH 6 2 journal Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. volume 60 pages 1179&ndash 80 pmid 8782414 issue 7 enzyme stub Category EC 2.4.2 Category Enzymes of known structure ... more details
enzyme Name pyrimidine deoxynucleoside 1 dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.10 CAS number 98865 52 2 IUBMB EC number 1 14 11 10 GO code 0047079 image width caption In enzymology , a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside 1 dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.10 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 deoxyuridine 2 oxoglutarate O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math uracil 2 deoxyribonolactone succinate CO sub 2 sub The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are 2 deoxyuridine , 2 oxoglutarate , and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are uracil , 2 deoxyribonolactone , succinate , and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with 2 oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into each donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2 deoxyuridine,2 oxoglutarate oxygen oxidoreductase 1 hydroxylating . This enzyme is also called deoxyuridine uridine 1 dioxygenase . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors iron , and Ascorbate . References reflist 1 cite journal author Stubbe J date 1985 title Identification of two alpha ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenases in extracts of Rhodotorula glutinis catalyzing deoxyuridine hydroxylation journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 260 pages 9972&ndash 5 pmid 4040518 issue 18 1.14 enzyme stub Category EC 1.14.11 Category Iron enzymes Category Ascorbate enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Pirimidina deossinucleoside 1 diossigenasi ja 1 ... more details
enzyme Name pyrimidine deoxynucleoside 2 dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.3 CAS number 9076 89 5 IUBMB EC number 1 14 11 3 GO code 0047080 image width caption In enzymology , a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside 2 dioxygenase EC number 1.14.11.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 deoxyuridine 2 oxoglutarate O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math uridine succinate CO sub 2 sub The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are 2 deoxyuridine , 2 oxoglutarate , and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are uridine , succinate , and carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with 2 oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into each donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2 deoxyuridine,2 oxoglutarate oxygen oxidoreductase 2 hydroxylating . Other names in common use include deoxyuridine 2 dioxygenase , deoxyuridine 2 hydroxylase , pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside 2 hydroxylase , thymidine 2 dioxygenase , thymidine 2 hydroxylase , thymidine 2 oxoglutarate dioxygenase , and thymidine dioxygenase . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors iron , and Ascorbate . References reflist 1 cite journal author Bankel L, Lindstedt G, Lindstedt S date 1972 title Thymidine 2 hydroxylation in Neurospora crassa journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 247 pages 6128&ndash 34 pmid 4265566 issue 19 cite journal author Stubbe J date 1985 title Identification of two alpha ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenases in extracts of Rhodotorula glutinis catalyzing deoxyuridine hydroxylation journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 260 pages 9972&ndash 5 pmid 4040518 issue 18 cite journal author Warn Cramer BJ, Macrander LA, Abbott MT date 1983 title Markedly different ascorbate dependencies of the sequential alpha ketoglutarate dioxygenase reactions ... more details
Mount Analogue can refer to Mount Analogue Antarctica , a mountain Mount Analogue Mount Analogue A Novel of Symbolically Authentic Non Euclidean Adventures in Mountain Climbing , a novel by Ren Daumal disambig ... more details
Infobox disease Name Inborn errors of purine pyrimidine metabolism Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 E 79 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 277.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D011686 Inborn errors of purine pyrimidine metabolism are a class of inborn error of metabolism disorders specifically affecting purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism . An example is Lesch Nyhan syndrome . Urine tests may be of use in identifying some of these disorders. ref name pmid10102915 cite journal author Wevers RA title 1H NMR spectroscopy of body fluids inborn errors of purine and pyrimidine metabolism journal Clin. Chem. volume 45 issue 4 pages 539 48 year 1999 month April pmid 10102915 doi url http www.clinchem.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 10102915 accessdate 2008 05 07 author separator , author2 Engelke UF author3 Moolenaar SH display authors 3 last4 Br utigam first4 C last5 De Jong first5 JG last6 Duran first6 R last7 De Abreu first7 RA last8 Van Gennip first8 AH ref References reflist Purine, pyrimidine, porphyrin, bilirubin metabolic pathology medicine stub Category Inborn errors of purine pyrimidine metabolism ru ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Analogue Bubblebath Vol I Type EP Artist AFX Cover Analogue Bubblebath Vol I AFX album cover art.jpg Released 1991 Recorded 1987 Genre Acid House ambient music Ambient Length 19 53 Label Mighty Force Records br TVT Records USA Producer Aphex Twin Richard D. James br Tom Middleton track B1 Last album This album Analogue Bubblebath Vol I br 1991 Next album Analog Bubblebath Vol 2 br 1992 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 2.5 5 ref Allmusic class album id r354904 ref Analogue Bubblebath Vol I was the first Extended play EP released by electronic musician Richard D. James under the alias of AFX and is the first release in the Analogue Bubblebath series. Pressings The EP consists of four tracks, all done in the acid house style which was popular at the time. It was released in 1991 on vinyl by Mighty Force Records , and by TVT Records in the USA in 1994 on both CD and 12 gramophone record vinyl formats. ref http www.discogs.com artist Aphex Twin ref About the songs The songs Analogue Bubble Bath and Isopropophlex can be found on the R&S Records compilation Classics Aphex Twin album Classics . Isopropophlex appears in a longer form titled Isoprophanol and Analogue Bubblebath is extended by a few seconds of additional ending titled Analogue Bubblebath I . Tom Middleton collaborated on En Trance to Exit under the pseudonym Schizophrenia. ref http www.discogs.com artist Schizophrenia 2 ref Track listing Side one Analogue Bubble Bath 4 41 Isopropophlex 5 20 Side two En Trance to Exit 4 22 AFX 2 5 26 References Reflist 1990s electronic album stub Richard David James Category Acid techno albums Category 1991 EPs Category Aphex Twin EPs es Analogue Bubblebath Vol I fr Analogue Bubblebath it Analogue Bubblebath ... more details
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