Invented by Eiichi Goto at the University of Tokyo , the Quantum Flux Parametron QFP is an improvement over his earlier parametron based digital logic technology. Unlike its predecessor, QFP uses superconductivity superconducting Josephson junction s on integrated circuits to improve speed and energy efficiency enormously. In some applications, the complexity of the cryogenic cooling system required is negligible compared to the potential speed gains. While his design makes use of Quantum mechanics quantum principles, it is not a quantum computer technology, gaining speed only through higher Clock signal clock speeds. Apart from the speed advantage over traditional CMOS integrated circuit design is that parametrons can be operated with zero energy loss no local increase in entropy , making reversible computing possible. Low energy use and heat generation is critical in supercomputer design, where thermal load per unit volume is has become one of the main limiting factors. A related technology is the Rapid single flux quantum Rapid Single Flux Quantum digital logic. External links http www.thocp.net hardware parametron.htm Parametron , The History of Computing project http www.ipsj.or.jp katsudou museum computer 0080 e.html Parametron , early computers, Information Processing Society of Japan tech stub Category Digital electronics Category Quantum electronics Category Superconductivity ... more details
Image 68030.jpg thumb Motorola 68030 microprocessor The Motorola 68030 is a 32 bit microprocessor in Motorola s Motorola 68000 family 68000 family . It was released in 1987 . The 68030 was the successor to the Motorola 68020 , and was followed by the Motorola 68040 . In keeping with general Motorola naming, this CPU is often referred to as the 030 pronounced oh three oh or oh thirty . The 68030 features on chip instruction and data caches of 256 byte s each. It also has an on chip MMU memory management unit but does not have a built in floating point unit FPU floating point unit . The Motorola 68881 68881 and the faster Motorola 68882 68882 floating point unit chips could be used with the 68030. A lower cost version of the 68030, the Motorola 68EC030 , was also released, lacking the on chip MMU. It was commonly available in both 132 pin Quad Flat Package QFP and 128 pin Pin Grid Array PGA packages. The poorer thermal characteristics of the QFP package limited the full 68030 QFP variant to 33 MHz. The PGA 68030s included 40 MHz and 50 MHz versions. There was also a small supply of QFP packaged EC variants. As a microarchitecture, the 68030 is basically a 68020 core with an additional data cache and a process shrink. Motorola used the process shrink to pack more hardware on the die in this case it was the memory management unit MMU , which was 68851 compatible. The integration of the MMU made it more cost effective than the 68020 with an external MMU it also allowed the 68030 to access memory one cycle faster than a 68020 68851 combo. The 68030 also lacks some of the 68020 s instructions. When used with a 68020 bus, the 68030 did not differentiate itself in performance from the 68020 that it was derived from. However, the 68030 provides an additional synchronous bus interface which, if used, accelerates memory accesses up to 33 compared to an equally clocked 68020. The finer manufacturing process allowed Motorola to scale the full version processor to 5 ... more details
Infobox CPU name XS1 L image XCore XS1 L1 48QFP.png caption An XMOS Xcore L processor, 48 QFP TQFP package, 7x7 mm. produced start 2009 produced end slowest slow unit MHz fastest 500 fast unit MHz manuf1 arch XCore XS1 pack1 48 QFP TQFP EP pack2 64 QFP LQFP EP pack3 128 QFP TQFP EP pack4 124 dual row QFN numcores 1 or 2 The XS1 L1 ref name l1 cite web url https www.xmos.com published xs1 l01a tq128 datasheet?version latest title XCore XS1 L1 datasheet accessdate 2012 03 26 work XMOS web site ref is a Microprocessor processor designed by XMOS . It is a 32 bit processor, that runs up to 8 concurrent threads. It was available as of June 2009 running at 400 MHz. As of April 2010 500 Mhz versions are available. Each thread can run at up to 125 MHz four threads follow each other through the Instruction pipeline pipeline , resulting in a top speed of 500 MIPS if at least four threads are active. The 500 MIPS of each core is equally distributed over all active threads. This allows the use of extra threads in order to hide latency. Description An XS1 L node comprises a single core processor and a switch. The execution core has a data path, a memory, and register banks for eight threads. The switches of two or more XS1 L nodes can be connected using a link, whereupon threads on all of the cores can communicate with each other by exchanging messages through the switches. The switching mechanism is abstracted by means of a channel programming channel , a virtual connection between two threads. The switch has eight external links, permitting a maximum throughput of 3.2 GBits s to other cores. An XS1 L1 device comprises a single XS1 L node an XS1 L2 device comprises two XS1 L nodes connected by means of 4 links. ref name l1 ref cite web url https www.xmos.com published xs1 l02a qf124 datasheet?version latest title XCore XS1 L2 datasheet accessdate 2012 03 26 work XMOS web site ref Instruction Set Architecture main XCore XS1 Each thread has access to 12 general purpose registers ... more details
Citations missing article date March 2011 Offshore radio is radio broadcasting from ships or fixed maritime structures, usually in international waters . The claimed first wireless broadcast of music and speech for the purpose of entertainment was transmitted from a Royal Naval craft, the HMS Andromeda, in 1907. The broadcast was organized by a Lieutenant Quentin Crauford using the callsign QFP while the ship was anchored off Chatham in the Thames Estuary, England. The majority of offshore broadcasters have however been pirate radio stations using seaborne broadcasting as a means to circumvent national broadcasting regulations, for example the practice has been used by broadcasting organizations like the Voice of America as a means of circumventing national broadcasting regulations of other nations. Most offshore broadcast is usually associated with European pirate radio stations, as the trend never caught on as much in the United States. Most organizations that could afford an offshore broadcasting boat would instead buy a legal station. Still, there were a few American offshore stations that made a lasting impression. The first station to broadcast in the U.S. from international waters was off of the coast of California in the 1930s. ref Yoder, Andrew R. Pirate Radio The Incredible Saga of America s Underground, Illegal Broadcasters. Solana Beach, CA HighText, 1996. Print. ref The station was called RXKR, and broadcast from May 1933 until August 1933. It was operated from a cargo carrier named the S.S. City of Panama, a ship that was actually supposed to being advertising tourism in Panama to Americans from California. The operators of the ship actually broadcast popular music and advertisements, fooling the Panamanian government and eventually being shut down at the request of the U.S. Department of State. ref http www.broadcasting fleet.com panama.htm ref One of the most popular offshore radio broadcasts in Europe came from Radio Caroline, which developed out of ... more details
vision based CMM 1986 VIEW 725 A dedicated machine vision system for QFP Quad Flat Package and PLCC ... micron , machine vision based CMM 1990 VIEW 7100 A 2nd generation, machine vision system for QFP and PLCC ... and control 1995 VIEW 880 A laser based, 3D scanner system for in tray inspection of QFP, TQFP Thin ... s PGA, QFP, TQFP, TSOP and BGA package inspection systems Using Multiple Cameras to Image a Package ... more details
notability products date July 2009 File KL Zilog Z180.jpg thumb right Older Z180 in PLCC package the smaller QFP and LQFP packages are more common today . File KL Zilog Z180 DIP.jpg thumb Z8S180. The Zilog Z180 8 bit processor is a successor of the Zilog Z80 Z80 CPU. It is compatible with the large base of software written for the Z80. ref cite web url http www.z80.info z80lives.htm quote The designers picked an architecture compatible with the Z80, giving Z80 users a completely software compatible upgrade path title The Z80 Lives last Ganssle first Jack year 1992 ref The Z180 family adds higher performance and integrated peripheral functions like clock generator, 16 bit counters timers, interrupt controller, wait state generators, serial ports and a DMA controller. ref cite book page 13 isbn 978 0 12 274880 6 author Jack G. Ganssle. year 1992 publisher Academic Press location San Diego title The art of programming embedded systems ref It uses separate read and write strobes, sharing similar timings with the Z80 and Intel processors. ref cite book page 34 isbn 978 0 7506 7534 5 author Stuart R. Ball. year 2002 publisher Newnes location Amsterdam title Embedded microprocessor systems real world design ref The on chip memory management unit MMU has the capability of addressing up to 1 Megabyte MB of memory. It is possible to configure the Z180 to operate as the Hitachi HD64180 . class wikitable Chip Speed MHz Timers I O Comm. Contr. Others Z80180 6, 8, 10 2 N S CPU 1 MB MMU, 2xDMAs, 2xUARTs Z80181 10 1 16 CPU 1 MB MMU, 2xDMAs, 2xUARTs Z80182 16, 33, 20 0 Clock Serial, 24 ESCC, CSIO, UART S180 Megacell, 2xESCC channels, 16550 MIMIC Z80195 20, 33 4 7 24 SCC, CSIO, UART Z8L180 20 2 Clock Serial CSIO, UART 1 MB MMU, 2xDMAs, 2xUARTs, 3.3 V Operation Z8L182 20 0 Clock Serial ESCC, CSIO, UART S180 Megacell, 2xESCC channels, 16550 MIMIC, 3.3V operation Z8S180 10, 20, 33 2 Clock Serial UART, DMA, I2C, SPI 1 MB MMU, 2xDMAs, 2xUARTs Z80182 The Zilog Z80182 is an enhanced, faster ... more details
an IC with a JBC hot air system Quad Flat Package QFP chips have thin leads closely packed together ... heat where it needs to be, protect surrounding components and avoids damage to the board or the QFP ... more details
mm QFP Quad Flat Package, various sizes, with pins on all four sides LQFP Low profile Quad Flat Package ... Metric Quad Flat Pack, a QFP package with metric pin distribution TQFP Thin Quad Flat Pack, a thinner ... more details
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