Other uses Quantum disambiguation pp move indef In physics , a quantum plural quanta is the minimum amount ... quantization . ref Wiener, N. 1966 . Differential Space, Quantum Systems, and Prediction . Cambridge ... certain discrete values. There is a related term of quantum number . An example of an entity that is quantized ... quantum of light, and is referred to as a light quantum . The energy of an electron bound to an atom .... As incorporated into the theory of quantum mechanics , this is regarded by physicists as part of the fundamental .... Etymology and discovery The word quantum comes from the Latin quantus, for how much. Quanta .... However, the word quantum in general was well known before 1900. ref E. Cobham Brewer 1810 ... by physicians , such as the term quantum satis . Both Helmholtz and Julius von Mayer were physicians as well as physicists. Helmholtz used quantum with reference to heat in his article ref E. Helmholtz ... R Mayer.pdf de icon ref on Mayer s work, and indeed, the word quantum can be found in the formulation ... cite journal last1 Klein first1 Martin J. title Max Planck and the beginnings of the quantum theory ... trunc sys.shtml Real World Quantum Effects Demonstrated ref In the attempt to bring experiment into agreement ... also colbegin 3 Basic concepts of quantum mechanics Elementary particle Graviton Introduction to quantum mechanics Magnetic flux quantum Photon Photon polarization Quantization physics Quantum cellular automata Quantum channel Quantum coherence Quantum chromodynamics Quantum computer Quantum cryptography Quantum dot Quantum electronics Quantum entanglement Quantum immortality Quantum lithography Quantum mechanics Quantum number Quantum sensor Quantum state Subatomic particle colend References reflist 2 Further reading B. Hoffmann, The Strange Story of the Quantum , Pelican 1963. Lucretius, On the Nature ... Development of Quantum Theory , Vol.1, Part 1, Springer Verlag New York Inc., New York 1982 ...., London 1925 Dover editions 1960 and 1993 including the Nobel lecture. Category Quantum mechanics ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 In physics , quantum acoustics is the study of sound under conditions such that quantum mechanics quantum mechanical effects are germane. For most applications, classical mechanics are sufficient to accurately describe the physics of sound. However very high frequency sounds, or sounds made at very low temperatures may be subject to quantum effects. A symposium on quantum acoustics is held in Poland each year http gnom.matfiz.polsl.gliwice.pl afik 2005 index.html See also Superfluid References http www.accessscience.com Encyclopedia 5 56 Est 562350 frameset.html?doi Quantum acoustics by Humphrey J. Maris in the McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online Handbook of Acoustics by Malcolm Crocker has a chapter on quantum acoustics. Category Condensed matter physics ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 Expert subject Physics date November 2008 Quantum mineralogy is the branch of physics and chemistry that uses fundamental quantum level properties of particular Chemical element elements to describe the macroscopic properties of mineral s containing those elements. References http www.accessscience.com Encyclopedia 5 56 Est 562950 frameset.html?doi Quantum mineralogy by Bryan C. Chakoumakos in McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online Category Quantum chemistry Category Mineralogy chem stub physics stub ... more details
http www.vnunet.com vnunet news 2125164 first quantum computer network goes online http www.bbn.com ...orphan date September 2008 Quantum networks descend from the study of Quantum cryptography . The idea of a quantum network emerged after successful experiments on quantum teleportation . When two companies one from Switzerland, idQuantique , and another from the USA, MagiQTech released practical communication devices based upon the rules of quantum mechanics , the need for a secure network capable of utilizing quantum principles was realized. These networks are now known as quantum communication networks. In these networks, data are communicated as quantum states through the technique of Quantum entanglement entanglement via an optical fiber link. History of development border 1 cellpadding 5 Date Developments Notes Oct 23rd 2003 DARPA Quantum Network becomes fully operational The world s first quantum encrypted functional network becomes fully operational in BBN Labs June 2004 DARPA Quantum Network is linked between campuses Dark fibre routed beneath the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts used to link Harvard University with the BBN Technologies campus, allowing non stop quantum cryptography 24 7 Dec 2004 Quantum Network consists of 6 nodes. Four nodes are 5 MHz, BBN built BB84 systems designed for telecommunications fiber and inter connected by a photonic switch. Two are the electronics subsystems for a high speed free space system designed and built by NIST. ref cite web last Elliott first Chip title The DARPA Quantum Network url http www.mendeley.com research darpa quantum network work Optics and Optoelectronics Papers accessdate 18 February 2012 ref June 2005 DARPA Quantum Network expands to incorporate first free space link Allowing quantum keys and communications to be transmitted securely through the air See also Quantum Mechanics Quantum Computer Quantum bus Chemical ... Category Quantum information science telecomm stub de Quantennetzwerk hu Kvantumh l zat ja ... more details
until the issue is settled Article for deletion dated page Quantum Bayesianism timestamp 20120427095159 ... Quantum Bayesianism date 27 April 2012 result keep End of AfD message, feel free to edit beyond this point Quantum Bayesianism sometime abbreviated QBism also referred to as Radical Bayesianism ref cite book last Jaeger first Gregg title Entanglement, information, and the interpretation of quantum mechanics year 2009 publisher Springer location Berlin isbn 9783540921271 edition Online Ausg. chapter ... of quantum probability ref name Stairs cite journal last Stairs first Allen title A loose and separate certainty Caves, Fuchs and Schack on quantum probability one journal Studies In History and Philosophy ... complete understanding of quantum mechanics and to derive modern quantum mechanics from quantum information . The form of quantum bayesianism has evolved from the work of Carlton M. Caves , Christopher Fuchs and R diger Schack, sometimes abbreviated CFS, and draws from the fields of quantum information and Bayesian probability . It deals with the common questions in the interpretation of quantum ... journal last Timpson first Christopher Gordon title Quantum Bayesianism A study journal Studies In History ... qb s.ps format postscript accessdate April 2012 ref As the interpretation of quantum mechanics is important ... in quantum bayesianism with the idea of anti realism ref name Stairs ref from philosophy of science ... SIC POVM s to rewrite quantum states, either pure or density matrix mixed , as a set of probabilities ... research stimulated interest in SIC POVMs, which now have applications in quantum theory outside ... ref Likewise, a quantum version of the de Finetti s theorem de Finetti theorem , introduced by Caves, Fuchs and Schack to provide a QBist understanding of the idea of an unknown quantum state , ref Caves ... quantum key distribution ref Renner 2005 ref and quantum entanglement entanglement detection. ref ... Bayesian inference . The Bayesian approach upon which Quantum Bayesianism relies generally refers ... more details
resources 4778 Online lecture on An Introduction to Quantum Computing, Edward Gerjuoy 2008 http www.wcl.ece.upatras.gr ai resources demo quantum simulation Online Web based Quantum Computer Simulator ... block of quantum computers. A quantum computer is a device for computation that makes direct use of quantum mechanical phenomena , such as quantum superposition superposition and quantum entanglement entanglement , to perform operations on data . Quantum computers are different from digital computers ... s , quantum computation utilizes quantum properties to represent data and perform Instruction computer ... Quantum Computing with Molecules article in Scientific American by Neil Gershenfeld and Isaac L. Chuang ref A theoretical model is the quantum Turing machine , also known as the universal quantum computer. Quantum computers share theoretical similarities with non deterministic and probabilistic ... of quantum computing was first introduced by Richard Feynman in 1982. ref Quantum computation . David Deutsch, Physics World, 1 6 92 ref Although quantum computing is still in its infancy, experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of qubits quantum bits . Both practical and theoretical research continues, and many national government and military funding agencies support quantum computing research to develop quantum ... qcomp map.shtml Quantum Information Science and Technology Roadmap for a sense of where the research is heading. ref Large scale quantum computers could be able to solve certain problems much ... using Shor s algorithm or the Quantum algorithm Quantum Simulation simulation of quantum many body systems . There exist quantum algorithms, such as Simon s algorithm , which run faster than any possible probabilistic classical algorithm. ref name Simon1994 Cite journal title On the power of quantum ... Given unlimited resources, a classical computer can simulate an arbitrary quantum algorithm so quantum ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Quantum Space was the first play by email game offered as part of a major commercial online service. It ran on AOL from 1989 to 1992. The game was developed by Stormfront Studios , designed and programmed by Don Daglow and produced by Kathi McHugh . In 1990 91 Quantum Space was the highest rated text based area of AOL other than chat rooms and message boards. Category Play by email video games Category Video games with textual graphics Category 1989 video games Videogame stub ... more details
pp protected expiry 2013 03 22T09 11 26Z small yes seeintro Quantum mechanics Quantum mechanics QM also known as quantum physics , or quantum theory is a branch of physics dealing with physical phenomena where the Action physics action is on the order of the Planck constant . Quantum mechanics departs from classical mechanics primarily at the quantum realm of atomic spacing atomic and subatomic scale ... and wave like behavior and interactions of energy and matter . In advanced topics of quantum mechanics ... low or very high energies or temperature s. The name quantum mechanics derives from the observation that some physical quantities can change only in discrete amounts Latin quantum quanta , and not in a continuous .... ref In the context of quantum mechanics, the wave particle duality of energy and matter and the uncertainty ... scale objects. The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics are abstract. A mathematical function ... s. The wavefunction treats the object as a quantum harmonic oscillator , and the mathematics is akin to that describing acoustic resonance . Many of the results of quantum mechanics are not easily visualized in terms of classical mechanics for instance, the ground state in a quantum mechanical ... of a traditional static, unchanging zero state, quantum mechanics allows for far more dynamic, chaotic possibilities, according to John Archibald Wheeler John Wheeler . The earliest versions of quantum ... accepted as scientific fact these latter theories can be viewed as quantum theories of matter and electromagnetic radiation , respectively. old quantum theory Early quantum theory was significantly ..., and the Copenhagen interpretation of Niels Bohr became widely accepted. By 1930, quantum mechanics ... emphasis placed on measurement in quantum mechanics , the statistical nature of our knowledge of reality, and philosophical speculation about the Quantum mind body problem role of the observer . Quantum mechanics has since branched out into almost every aspect of 20th century physics and other ... more details
wiktionary quantumQuantum theory may mean In science Quantum mechanics a subset of quantum physics explaining the physical behaviours at atomic and sub atomic levels Old quantum theory under the Bohr model Quantum field theory , a generic type of relativistic quantum theory, which includes Quantum electrodynamics Quantum chromodynamics Electroweak interaction Quantum gravity , a general term for theories intended to quantize general relativity Quantum optics In popular culture Quantum Theory , the final song from Jarvis album , by Jarvis Cocker Quantum Theory video game is also the name of a console video game for PS3 and Xbox 360, released in 2010 See also Introduction to quantum mechanics Continuum theories , roughly opposite to quantum theories Quantum cognition , using quantum probability theory to model human behavior disambiguation ru th ... more details
In quantum mechanics , a quantum process is a somewhat ambiguous term which usually refers to the time evolution of an open quantum system open quantum system. Under very general assumptions, a quantum process is described by the quantum operation formalism also known as a quantum dynamical map , which is a linear map linear , completely positive map from the set of density matrix density matrices to itself. For instance, in quantum process tomography , the unknown quantum process is assumed to be a quantum operation. However, not all quantum processes can be captured within the quantum operation formalism ref Philip Pechukas, http prl.aps.org abstract PRL v73 i8 p1060 1 Reduced Dynamics Need Not Be Completely Positive , Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1060 1994 . ref in principle, the density matrix of a quantum system can undergo completely arbitrary time evolution. References references M. Nielsen and I. Chuang, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information , Cambridge University Press, 2000 Category Quantum mechanics Quantum stub ... more details
wiktionary quantum In general, a quantum plural Quanta disambiguation quanta may refer to In physics, quantum is an elementary indivisible entity. In particular Quantum physics includes several types of theories which make use of Quanta disambiguation quanta . It relates to quantum mechanics , various iterations of quantum theory disambiguation quantum theory and quantum field theory . The term quantum ... quantum chemistry uses quantum theory In neuroscience , quantum refers to a discrete component of a physiological response In cognitive science the following concepts are used Quantum cognition Quantum mind In computer science, quantum computer is a hypothetical computer which functioning is based on quantum theory Quantum may also refer to Quantum book , a book by Manjit Kumar Quantum Science Fiction, a line of books published by Dial Press from 1977 1981 Quantum a ride at Thorpe Park Quantum album Quantum album , an album by Planet X Quantum comics , a comic book character Quantum Statistical programming language , a programming language for statistical analysis developed by Quantime Quantum ... between 1985 and 2001 Quantum video game , an arcade game released by Atari in 1982 Quantum 2010 video game , a video game developed by Team Tachyon and published by Tecmo for the PlayStation 3 Quantum of Solace , the 22nd James Bond adventure, with released in October and November 2008 Quantum James Bond , an organization featured in the above movie and Casino Royale Quantum of Solace game , a game based on the movie Quantum compression , a file compression format Quantum Corporation , a manufacturer of computer data storage products Quantum GIS , an open source GIS program for map drawing and related functions Hobart Quantum , a service scale Quantum Magazine , a physics and science magazine Quantum meruit , a Latin phrase meaning as much as he has deserved and a principle of contract law Quantum satis , a Latin phrase meaning the amount which is needed , used in medicine and pharmacology ... more details
The quantum potential is a central concept of the de Broglie Bohm theory de Broglie Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics , introduced by David Bohm in 1952. Initially presented under the name quantum mechanical potential , subsequently quantum potential , it was later elaborated upon by Bohm and Basil Hiley in its interpretation as an information potential which acts on a quantum particle. It is also referred to as quantum potential energy , Bohm potential , quantum Bohm potential or Bohm quantum potential . In the framework of the de Broglie Bohm theory, the quantum potential is a term within the Schr dinger equation which acts to guide the movement of quantum particles. The quantum potential ... Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables I journal Physical Review year ... David last Bohm title A Suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables ... postulated in 1926 that the wave function represents a pilot wave which guides a quantum particle, but had ... articles of Bohm in 1952 introduced the quantum potential and included answers to the objections which ... solid black padding 10px float right u Quantum potential u math quad Q frac hbar 2 2m frac nabla 2 R R math Building on the interpretation of the quantum theory introduced by Bohm in 1952, David Bohm and Basil Hiley in 1975 presented how the concept of a quantum potential leads to the notion of an unbroken wholeness of the entire universe , proposing that the fundamental new quality introduced by quantum physics is quantum nonlocality nonlocality . ref D. Bohm, B. J. Hiley On the intuitive understanding of nonlocality as implied by quantum theory , Foundations of Physics, Volume 5, Number 1 ... ref Quantum potential as part of the Schr dinger equation The Schr dinger equation math i hbar ... The Undivided Universe An Ontological Interpretation of Quantum Theory , Routledge, 1993, ISBN 0 415 ... math Q math is the quantum potential , defined as math quad Q frac hbar 2 2m frac nabla 2 R R math ... more details
, Vanderbilt s Online Research Magazine Shrinking quantum dots to produce white light ref A color ...&feedId online news rss20 Quantum dots device counts single electrons New Scientist http xstructure.inr.ac.ru ...Nanomat File QD S.jpg thumb 165px Colloidal quantum dots irradiated with a UV light. Different sized quantum dots emit different color light due to quantum confinement. A quantum dot is a portion of matter ... in Cadmium Selenide CdSe Quantum Dots, PhD thesis, MIT year 1995 accessdate 2009 07 07 ref ref ... author Ekimov, A. I. & Onushchenko, A. A. title Quantum size effect in three dimensional microscopic ... 1981JETPL..34..345E ref in a glass matrix and by Louis E. Brus in colloidal solutions. The term quantum ... reedlab publications 26 20QDot 20PRL.pdf ref Researchers have studied quantum dots in transistor ... quantum dots as Stain agents for medical imaging and hope to use them as qubit s in quantum computing . Stated simply, quantum dots are semiconductors whose electronic characteristics are closely ... emitted. In addition to such tuning, a main advantage with quantum dots is that, because of the high ... quantum dots explained how quantum dots work.html title www.evidenttech.com How quantum dots work. year 2009 accessdate 2009 10 15 ref Quantum dots of different sizes can be assembled into a Gradient Multi Layer nanofilm gradient multi layer nanofilm . TOC Quantum confinement in semiconductors File QuantumDot wf.gif thumb 330px right 3D confined electron wave functions in a quantum dot. Here, rectangular and triangular shaped quantum dots are shown. Energy states in rectangular dots are more ... principle , leading to Potential well quantum confinement . The energy level can then be modeled using particle in a box , which leads to the conclusion that the energy levels of the quantum dot is dependent on its size. When the size of the quantum dot is smaller than the critical characteristic length ... lattice structure of the crystal. The quantum dots that have radii larger than the Exciton Bohr ... more details
Quantum jump may refer to Atomic electron transition or a similar transition between quantum state s, which is a scientific phenomenon Quantum Jump , a British rock music band disambig ... more details
Quantum Philosophy may refer to Quantum Philosophy book , by Roland Omn s Quantum metaphysics disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Quantum healing is a metaphysical claim that the mind can heal the body. In order to explain the claims, a distorted vocabulary of quantum mechanics is often used, for instance quantum entanglement to explain healing without direct contact. Those explanations are usually not scientifically accepted. Details Quantum mysticism Category Quantum mysticism Newage stub ... more details
lead too short date August 2011 context date September 2010 Quantum algebra is one of the top level mathematics categories used by the arXiv . Subjects include Quantum group s Skein theories Operadic algebra Diagrammatic algebra Quantum field theory External links http arxiv.org list math.QA current Quantum algebra at arxiv.org Ramaswamy Jagannathan R. Jagannathan , http arxiv.org abs math ph 0003018 An Introduction to Quantum Algebras and Their Applications mathematics stub Category Quantum groups ... more details
Quantum praedecessores is a papal bull issued on December 1, 1145, by Pope Eugenius III , calling for a Second Crusade . It was the first papal bull issued with a crusade as its subject. The bull was issued in response to the Siege of Edessa fall of Edessa , in December of 1144 . Pilgrims from the east had brought news of the fall of Edessa to Europe throughout 1145, and embassies from the Principality of Antioch , the Kingdom of Jerusalem , and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia Kingdom of Armenia soon arrived directly at the papal court at Viterbo . Hugh of Jabala Hugh , Bishop of Jabala , one of the dioceses of Jerusalem, was among those who delivered the news. As with most papal bulls, it had no specific title, and has come to be known by its opening words in Latin the first sentence read Quantum praedecessores nostri Romani pontifices pro liberatione Orientalis Ecclesiae laboraverunt, antiquorum relatione didicimus, et in gestis eorum scriptum reperimus in English, How much our predecessors the Roman pontiffs did labour for the deliverance of the oriental church, we have learned from the accounts of the ancients and have found it written in their acts. The bull, issued at Vetralla , briefly recounted the acts of the First Crusade , and lamented the loss of Edessa, Mesopotamia , one of the oldest Christianity Christian cities. The bull was addressed directly to Louis VII of France ... and http www.deremilitari.org resources articles ferzoco.htm available online . Runciman, Steven ... HISTORY.HISTCRUSADES available online . External links http www.fordham.edu halsall source eugene3 2cde.html Quantum praedecessores in English , from the Internet Medieval Sourcebook http colet.lib.uchicago.edu cgi bin getobject ?c.4603 1 1 46. projects artflb databases efts PLD IMAGE1 Quantum ... of Pope Eugene III Category 12th century papal bulls de Quantum praedecessores es Quantum praedecessores id Quantum praedecessores it Quantum praedecessores nl Quantum praedecessores sl Quantum ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 In some physics theories, choosing a 3 geometry via spin network and 4 geometry via spin foam , any superposition of spin networks is called a kinematical state and any superposition of spin foams is called a quantum history . DEFAULTSORT Quantum History Category Quantum mechanics Quantum stub ... more details
. Pharaoh, M.C. online . http homepage.ntlworld.com m.pharoah thinginitself.html Looking to quantum ...distinguish Quantum cognition unbalanced date March 2012 undue date January 2012 Lead rewrite date March 2012 The quantum mind or quantum consciousness hypothesis proposes that classical mechanics cannot explain consciousness , while quantum mechanical phenomena, such as quantum entanglement and Quantum ... physics is intrinsically incapable of explaining the holistic aspects of consciousness, but that Quantum mechanics quantum theory provides the missing aspects. However, most scientists and philosophers consider the arguments for an important role of quantum phenomena to be unconvincing. ref cite ... of Books pages 53 88 isbn 978 0 940322 06 6 ref Physicist Victor Stenger characterized quantum consciousness ... and their own eyes tell them about the world. ref Stenger, Victor, The Myth of Quantum Consciousness , The Humanist Vol 53 No 3 May June 1992 pp. 13 15 http www.colorado.edu philosophy vstenger Quantum ... against the quantum mind proposition is that quantum states in the brain would decohere before they reached ... was elaborated by the physicist, Max Tegmark . Based on his calculations, Tegmark concluded that quantum ... cite journal doi 10.1103 PhysRevE.61.4194 author Tegmark, M. title Importance of quantum decoherence ... 5454 pages 791 doi 10.1126 science.287.5454.791 title Cold Numbers Unmake the Quantum Mind author Charles Seife ref This position and other research seen as related to quantum coherence in organisms ... has also argued against quantum consciousness. He speculated on a number of ways in which quantum ... 1997 page doi isbn 978 0 19 511789 9 ref Quantum consciousness is not a single theory, but several quite distinct theories, and these are described in the sections below. Description of main quantum mind approaches David Bohm David Bohm took the view that quantum mechanics quantum theory and theory ... doi isbn 0 203 99515 5 ref He claimed that both quantum theory and relativity pointed towards this deeper ... more details
Quantum technology is a new field of physics and engineering, which transitions some of the stranger features of quantum mechanics , especially quantum entanglement and most recently quantum tunneling , into practical applications such as quantum computing , quantum cryptography , quantum simulation, quantum metrology , quantum sensing , and quantum imaging . The field of quantum technology was first ... content bdm1frlb9tfmr3ar Quantum Technology The Second Quantum Revolution , J.P.Dowling and G.J.Milburn, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 361, 3655 2003 ref ref http arxiv.org abs quant ph 0206091 Quantum Technology The Second Quantum Revolution , J.P.Dowling and G.J.Milburn, arXiv quant ph 0206091v1 ref ... Research 20Papers PPQT.pdf Physics, Philosophy, and Quantum Technology , D.Deutsch in the Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Quantum Communication, Measurement and Computing, Shapiro, J.H. and Hirota, O., Eds. Rinton Press, Princeton, NJ. 2003 ref The field of quantum technology has benefited immensely from the influx of new ideas from the field of quantum information processing , particularly quantum computing . Disparate areas of quantum physics , such as quantum optics , atom optics , quantum electronics , and quantum nanomechanical devices , have been unified under the search for a quantum computer and given a common language, that of quantum information theory. References reflist External links http www.sciencenews.org articles 20011208 bob16.asp Gadgets from the Quantum ... articles 20040925 fob4ref.asp Spooky Timing Quantum linked photons coordinate clock ticks , Science ... www.nature.com nature journal v412 n6845 full 412417a0.html Quantum enhanced positioning and clock synchronization , Nature 412, 417 419 26 July 2001 . http minty.stanford.edu Collective Quantum Feedback ... Quantum Atomic Gravity Gradiometer http www.scienceagogo.com news 20050110221715data trunc sys.shtml Real World Quantum Effects Demonstrated Technology Category Quantum information science Category Quantum ... more details
Quantum hydrodynamics QHD is most generally the study of hydrodynamic systems which demonstrate behavior implicit in quantum mechanics quantum subsystems usually quantum tunneling . They arise in semiclassical mechanics in the study of semiconductor devices, in which case being derived from the Boltzmann equation Wigner Boltzmann equation . In quantum chemistry they arise as solutions to chemical kinetics chemical kinetic systems, in which case they are derived from the Schr dinger equation by way of Madelung equations . An important system of study in quantum hydrodynamics is that of superfluidity . Some other topics of interest in quantum hydrodynamics are quantum turbulence , quantized vortices , second sound second and third sound , and quantum solvent s. The quantum hydrodynamic equation is an equation in Bohm interpretation Bohmian mechanics , which, it turns out, has a mathematical relationship to classical fluid dynamics see Madelung equations . This is a rich theoretical field. Some common experimental applications of these studies are in liquid helium He 3 and He 4 , and of the interior of neutron star s and the quark gluon plasma . Many famous scientists have worked in quantum hydrodynamics, including Richard Feynman , Lev Davidovich Landau Lev Landau , and Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa Pyotr L. Kapitsa . References Robert E. Wyatt Quantum Dynamics with Trajectories Introduction to Quantum Hydrodynamics Springer, 2005 ISBN 978 0 387 22964 5 Category Quantum mechanics quantum stub it Idrodinamica quantistica pt Hidrodin mica qu ntica ... more details
Quantum tomography or quantum state tomography is the process of reconstructing the quantum state density matrix for a source of quantum systems by measurements on the systems coming from the source. ref Quantum State Tomography. http research.physics.uiuc.edu QI Photonics Tomography what is tomography ref The source may be any device or system which prepares quantum states either consistently into quantum ... In quantum process tomography on the other hand, known quantum states are used to probe a quantum process to find out how the process can be described. Similarly, quantum measurement tomography works to find out what measurement is being performed. The general principle behind quantum state tomography is that by repeatedly performing many different measurements on quantum systems described ... with a given momentum. For quantum mechanical particles the same can be done. The only difference is that the Heisenberg ... quadratures see Optical phase space for more information in quantum related states. By measuring one of the quadratures of a large number of identical quantum states will give us a probability density ... the particle s quantum state, which is the whole point of quantum tomography. File MarginalDistribution.PNG right Figure 3 Marginal Distribution What quantum state tomography is used for Quantum tomography is applied on a source of systems, to determine what the quantum state is of the output ... state after the measurement in general, the act of making a measurement alters the quantum state , quantum tomography works to determine the state s prior to the measurements. Quantum tomography can be used ..., ref G. Mauro D Ariano et al. Quantum tomography as a tool for the characterization of optical devices. http www.iop.org EJ abstract 1464 4266 4 3 366 ref as well as in quantum computing and quantum ... Blume Kohout. Optimal, reliable estimation of quantum states. http arxiv.org abs quant ph 0611080v1 ref ref name LvovksyRaymer A.I.Lvovsky, M.G.Raymer. Continuous variable optical quantum state tomography ... more details
Quantum imaging ref http www.iop.org EJ abstract 1464 4266 4 3 372 Quantum Imaging , L A Lugiato et al. 2002 J. Opt. B Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 4 S176 S183. ref , ref http www.informaworld.com openurl?genre issue&issn 0950 0340&volume 53&issue 5 Special Issue on Quantum Imaging , Edited by Jonathan Dowling, Alessandra Gatti and Alexander Sergienko, Journal of Modern Optics, Volume 53 No. 5 2006 . ref , ref http ieeexplore.ieee.org xpl freeabs all.jsp?arnumber 4303053 Quantum Imaging , Yanhua Shih, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 13 2007 1016. ref is a new sub field of quantum optics that exploits quantum correlations such as quantum entanglement of the electromagnetic field in order to image objects with a optical resolution resolution or other imaging criteria that is beyond what is possible in classical optics . Examples of quantum imaging are quantum ghost imaging , quantum lithography , and quantum sensing . Quantum imaging may someday be useful for storing patterns of data in quantum computers and transmitting large amounts of highly secure encrypted information. Quantum mechanics has shown that light has inherent uncertainties in its features, manifested as moment to moment fluctuations in its properties. Controlling these fluctuations which represent a sort of noise can improve detection of faint objects, produce better amplified images, and allow workers to more accurately position laser beams. ref http newswise.com articles view 541666 Newswise Physicists Produce Quantum Entangled Images Retrieved on June 12, 2008. ref External links http www.quantiki.org wiki index.php Quantum imaging Quantum Imaging Overview at Quantiki . References Reflist Category Quantum information science Category Quantum mechanics ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 A quantum register also known as a qregister is the quantum mechanics quantum mechanical analogue of a classical processor register . A mathematical description of a quantum register is achieved by using a tensor product of qubit Bra ket notation bra or Bra ket notation ket vectors. For example, an n qubit quantum register is described by an element math Psi rangle psi rangle 1 otimes psi rangle 2 otimes ldots otimes psi rangle n math in the tensor product Hilbert space math mathcal H mathcal H 1 otimes mathcal H 2 otimes ldots otimes mathcal H n math DEFAULTSORT Quantum Register Category Quantum information science Quantum stub ... more details
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