distinguish quinine A quinone is a class of organic compound s that are formally derived from aromatic compounds such as benzene or naphthalene by conversion of an even number of CH groups into C O groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bond s, resulting in a fully Conjugated system conjugated cyclic diketone dione structure. ref GoldBookRef title Quinones url http goldbook.iupac.org Q05015.html year 1995 ref The class includes some heterocyclic compound s. The prototypical member of the class are 1,4 benzoquinone or cyclohexadienedione, often called simply quinone whence the name of the class . Other important examples are 1,2 benzoquinone ortho quinone , 1,4 naphthoquinone and anthraquinone 9,10 anthraquinone . Quinones are oxidised derivatives of aromatic compounds and are often readily made from reactive aromatic compounds with electron donating group electron donating substituents such as phenols and catechol s, which increase the nucleophilicity of the ring and contributes to the large redox potential needed to break aromaticity. Quinones are conjugated but not aromatic . Quinones are electrophilic Michael acceptor s stabilised by conjugation. Depending on the quinone ... anthraquinone 9,10 Anthraquinone gallery The term quinone is also used more generally ..., and other processes. A natural example of the oxidation of hydroquinone to quinone is in the spray ... Dyes Many natural and artificial coloring substances dye s and pigment s are quinone derivatives. They are second ... chemistry as an organic oxidation oxidizing Oxidizing agent agent . Stronger quinone oxidising agents ..., anthra for anthracene , etc. and the quinone suffix. Infix multipliers di , tri , tetra etc. are used ... the prefix as in 1,4,5,8 naphthodiquinone or after it anthra 1,4 quinone . See also Anthraquinone Benzoquinone Naphthoquinone Plastoquinone Pyrroloquinoline quinone References Reflist External links MeshName Quinones Category Quinones ca Quinona da Quinon de Chinone es Quinona fr Quinone hi ... more details
Quinone methides are a class of conjugated organic compounds that contain a cyclohexadiene with a carbonyl ... either ortho or para to each other there are some examples of transient synthetic meta quinone methides . The two simplest examples of this class of compounds are pictured below. Image quinone methide.png ... 2 PAGENAME An appropriate infobox at the right Properties Quinone methides are structurally related ... makes the molecule much more polarized and thus more reactive. Simple quinone methides are short lived ... with nucleophiles and other reactants. Some quinone methides have structural e.g. steric hindrance ... Quinone Methides in Lignification ref Many quinone methides show pronounced biological activity. They have ... H, Zhou X title Quinone methide derivatives important intermediates to DNA alkylating and DNA cross ... Oxidation to a reactive quinone methide is the mechanistic basis of many phenolic anti cancer drugs. Celastrol is a triterpenoid quinone methide isolated from Tripterygium wilfordi Thunder of God vine ... of inflammatory responses by celastrol, a quinone methide triterpenoid isolated from Celastrus ... N, Ferro E, Canela R. title Insecticidal activity of Maytenus species Celastraceae nortriterpene quinone ..., the methyl ester of celasterol, is a triterpenoid quinone methide isolated from Maytenus heterophylla ... of pristimerin, a triterpenoid quinone methide isolated from Maytenus heterophylla Eckl. & Zeyh ... quinone methides found in Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress , Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary ... novel diterpenoid quinone methide tumor inhibitors from Taxodium distichum journal J. Am. Chem. Soc ... quinone methide macrolide first isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces Streptomyces violaceoruber ... Burke Research Group University of Wisconsin ref Image Kendomycin 2.png 150px Elansolid A3 is a quinone ... A3, a Unique p Quinone Methide Antibiotic from Chitinophaga sancti. journal Chemistry year 2011 pmid 21626585 ref Antibacterial quinone methides, 20 epi isoiguesterinol, 6 oxoisoiguesterin, isoiguesterin ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 438096573 Name Indole 5,6 quinone ImageFile Indol 5,6 chinon.svg ImageSize 200px ImageName Chemical structure of indole 5,6 quinone ImageAlt Chemical structure of indole 5,6 quinone IUPACName 1H indole 5,6 dione OtherNames br Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo CASNo Ref CASOther PubChem 440728 SMILES C1 CNC2 CC O C O C C21 InChI MeSHName Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 8 sub H sub 5 sub NO sub 2 sub MolarMass 147.13 g mol ExactMass 147.032028 u Appearance Density MeltingPt C BoilingPt C Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition RPhrases R10 , R23 , R34 , R50 etc. SPhrases S1 2 , S9 , S16 , S26 , S36 37 39 , S45 , S61 etc. Indole 5,6 quinone is an indolequinone , a chemical compound found in the oxidative Enzymatic browning browning reaction of fruits like bananas where it is mediated by the tyrosinase type polyphenol oxidase from tyrosine and catecholamine s leading to the formation of catechol melanin . ref http www.agri.gov.il download files QuansahLydia2009MSc 1.pdf Molecular Basis of Catecholamine Biosynthesis in Banana Fruit. Thesis submitted to the R.H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment Quality Sciences of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture by Lydia Quansah, March 2009 ref References reflist Category Quinones heterocyclic stub ... more details
enzyme Name thiosulfate dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.8.5.2 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 8 5 2 GO code 0043831 image width caption In enzymology , a thiosulfate dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.8.5.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 thiosulfate 2 6 decylubiquinone math rightleftharpoons math tetrathionate 2 6 decylubiquinol Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are thiosulfate and 6 decylubiquinone , whereas its two product chemistry products are tetrathionate and 6 decylubiquinol . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is thiosulfate 6 decylubiquinone oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include thiosulfate quinone oxidoreductase , thiosulphate quinone oxidoreductase , thiosulfate oxidoreductase, tetrathionate forming , and TQO . References reflist 1 cite journal author Muller FH, Bandeiras TM, Urich T, Teixeira M, Gomes CM, Kletzin A date 2004 title Coupling of the pathway of sulphur oxidation to dioxygen reduction characterization of a novel membrane bound thiosulphate quinone oxidoreductase journal Mol. Microbiol. volume 53 pages 1147&ndash 60 pmid 15306018 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2958.2004.04193.x issue 4 1.8 enzyme stub Category EC 1.8.5 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Tiosolfato deidrogenasi chinone ja ... more details
enzyme Name dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase EC number 1.10.99.2 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 10 99 2 GO code 0001512 image width caption In enzymology , a ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.10.99.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 1 beta D ribofuranosyl 1,4 dihydronicotinamide a quinone math rightleftharpoons math 1 beta D ribofuranosyl nicotinamide a hydroquinone Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are 1 beta D ribofuranosyl 1,4 dihydronicotinamide and quinone , whereas its two product chemistry products are 1 beta D ribofuranosyl nicotinamide and hydroquinone . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on diphenols and related substances as donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1 beta D ribofuranosyl 1,4 dihydronicotinamide quinone oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include NRH quinone oxidoreductase 2 , NQO2 , NQO2 , NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 2 misleading , QR2 , quinone reductase 2 , N ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase quinone , and NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase2 misleading . References reflist 1 cite journal author LIAO S, DULANEY JT, WILLIAMS ASHMAN HG date 1962 title Purification and properties of a flavoprotein catalyzing the oxidation of reduced ribosyl nicotinamide journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 237 pages 2981&ndash 7 pmid 14465018 cite journal author Zhao Q, Yang XL, Holtzclaw WD, Talalay P date 1997 title Unexpected genetic and structural relationships of a long forgotten flavoenzyme to NAD P H quinone reductase DT diaphorase journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. volume 94 pages 1669&ndash 74 pmid 9050836 doi 10.1073 pnas.94.5.1669 issue 5 pmc 19974 cite journal author S date 1997 title Catalytic properties of NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 2 NQO2 , a dihydronicotinamide ... author Jaiswal AK date 1994 title Human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase2. Gene structure, activity ... more details
enzyme Name quinate dehydrogenase pyrroloquinoline quinone EC number 1.1.99.25 CAS number 115299 99 5 IUBMB EC number 1 1 99 25 GO code 0047519 image width caption In enzymology , a quinate dehydrogenase pyrroloquinoline quinone EC number 1.1.99.25 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction quinate pyrroloquinoline quinone math rightleftharpoons math 3 dehydroquinate reduced pyrroloquinoline quinone Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are quinate and pyrroloquinoline quinone , whereas its two product chemistry products are 3 dehydroquinate and reduced pyrroloquinoline quinone . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is quinate pyrroloquinoline quinone 3 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include NAD P independent quinate dehydrogenase , and quinate pyrroloquinoline quinone 5 oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis . References reflist 1 cite journal author van Kleef MA, Duine JA date 1988 title Bacterial NAD P independent quinate dehydrogenase is a quinoprotein journal Arch. Microbiol. volume 150 pages 32&ndash 6 pmid 3044290 doi 10.1007 BF00409714 issue 1 cite journal author Adachi O, Tanasupawat S, Yoshihara N, Toyama H, Matsushita K date 2003 title 3 dehydroquinate production by oxidative fermentation and further conversion of 3 dehydroquinate to the intermediates in the shikimate pathway journal Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. volume 67 pages 2124&ndash 31 pmid 14586099 doi 10.1271 bbb.67.2124 issue 10 1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.99 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Chinato deidrogenasi pirrolochinolina chinone ... more details
enzyme Name NADPH quinone reductase EC number 1.6.5.5 CAS number 9032 20 6 IUBMB EC number 1 6 5 5 GO code 0003960 image width caption In enzymology , a NADPH quinone reductase EC number 1.6.5.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction NADPH H sup sup quinone math rightleftharpoons math NADP sup sup semiquinone The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and quinone , whereas its two product chemistry products are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup and semiquinone . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is NADPH quinone oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called NADPH2 quinone reductase . Structural studies As of late 2007, 3 tertiary structure structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with Protein Data Bank PDB accession codes PDB link 1IYZ , PDB link 1IZ0 , and PDB link 1YB5 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Rao PV, Krishna CM, Zigler JS Jr date 1992 title Identification and characterization of the enzymatic activity of zeta crystallin from guinea pig lens. A novel NADPH quinone oxidoreductase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 267 pages 96&ndash 102 pmid 1370456 issue 1 1.6 enzyme stub Category EC 1.6.5 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure it NADPH chinone reduttasi ja NADPH ... more details
enzyme Name NADH dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.99.5 CAS number 37256 36 3 IUBMB EC number 1 6 99 5 GO code 0050136 image width caption In enzymology , a NADH dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.99.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction NADH H sup sup acceptor math rightleftharpoons math NAD sup sup reduced acceptor The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and Electron acceptor acceptor , whereas its two product chemistry products are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup and reduced acceptor . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is NADH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide quinone dehydrogenase , NADH quinone oxidoreductase , NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase , DPNH menadione reductase , D diaphorase , and NADH2 dehydrogenase quinone , and mitochondrial mt complex I . This enzyme participates in oxidative phosphorylation . Several compounds are known to enzyme inhibitor inhibit this enzyme , including Adenosine monophosphate AMP , and 2,4 Dinitrophenol . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2FUG . References reflist 1 cite journal author Koli AK, Yearby C, Scott W, Donaldson KO date 1969 title Purification and properties of three separate menadione reductases from hog liver journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 244 pages 621&ndash 9 pmid 4388793 issue 4 1.6 enzyme stub Category EC 1.6.99 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure it NAD deidrogenasi chinone ja NADH ... more details
enzyme Name NADPH dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.99.6 CAS number 37256 37 4 IUBMB EC number 1 6 99 6 GO code 0008753 image width caption In enzymology , a NADPH dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.99.6 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction NADPH H sup sup acceptor math rightleftharpoons math NADP sup sup reduced acceptor The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and Electron acceptor acceptor , whereas its two product chemistry products are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup and reduced acceptor . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is NADPH quinone acceptor oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone , dehydrogenase , NADPH oxidase , and NADPH2 dehydrogenase quinone . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors FAD , and Flavoprotein . Several compounds are known to enzyme inhibitor inhibit this enzyme , including Folate , and Dicumarol . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 1F5V . References reflist 1 cite journal author Koli AK, Yearby C, Scott W, Donaldson KO date 1969 title Purification and properties of three separate menadione reductases from hog liver journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 244 pages 621&ndash 9 pmid 4388793 issue 4 1.6 enzyme stub Category EC 1.6.99 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category Flavin enzymes Category Flavoprotein enzymes Category Enzymes of known structure it NADPH deidrogenasi chinone ja NADPH ... more details
enzyme Name hydrogen quinone oxidoreductase EC number 1.12.5.1 CAS number 147097 29 8 IUBMB EC number 1 12 5 1 GO code 0047067 image width caption In enzymology , a hydrogen quinone oxidoreductase EC number 1.12.5.1 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction H sub 2 sub menaquinone math rightleftharpoons math menaquinol Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are hydrogen H sub 2 sub and menaquinone , whereas its product chemistry product is menaquinol . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on hydrogen as donor with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is hydrogen quinone oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include hydrogen ubiquinone oxidoreductase , hydrogen menaquinone oxidoreductase , membrane bound hydrogenase , and quinone reactive Ni Fe hydrogenase . References reflist 1 cite journal author E, Duchene A, Tripier D, Juvenal K, et al. date 1992 title The quinone reactive Ni Fe hydrogenase of Wolinella succinogenes journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 206 pages 93&ndash 102 pmid 1587288 doi 10.1111 j.1432 1033.1992.tb16905.x issue 1 cite journal doi 10.1111 j.1432 1033.1993.tb17999.x author E, Duchene A, Tripier D, Juvenal K, et al. date 1993 title The quinone reactive Ni Fe hydrogenase of Wolinella Succinogenes journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 214 pages 949&ndash 50 pmid 8319698 issue 3 cite journal author Gross R, Simon J, Lancaster CR, Kroger A date 1998 title Identification of histidine residues in Wolinella succinogenes hydrogenase that are essential for menaquinone reduction by H2 journal Mol. Microbiol. volume 30 pages 639&ndash 46 pmid 9822828 doi 10.1046 j.1365 2958.1998.01100.x issue 3 cite journal author Bernhard M, Benelli B, Hochkoeppler A, Zannoni D, Friedrich B date 1997 title Functional and structural role of the cytochrome b subunit of the membrane bound hydrogenase complex of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 journal Eur. J ... more details
enzyme Name Pyrroloquinoline quinone synthase EC number 1.3.3.11 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 3 3 11 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a pyrroloquinoline quinone synthase EC number 1.3.3.11 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 6 2 amino 2 carboxyethyl 7,8 dioxo 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 octahydroquinoline 2,4 dicarboxylate 3 O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math 4,5 dioxo 3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,9b octahydro 1H pyrrolo 2,3 f quinoline 2,7,9 tricarboxylate 2 H sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub 2 H sub 2 sub O The two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are 6 2 amino 2 carboxyethyl 7,8 dioxo 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 octahydroquinoline 2,4 dicarboxylate, and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are 4,5 dioxo 3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,9b octahydro 1H pyrrolo 2,3 f quinoline 2,7,9 tricarboxylate, hydrogen peroxide H sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub , and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH CH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 6 2 amino 2 carboxyethyl 7,8 dioxo 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 octahydroquinol ine 2,4 dicarboxylate oxygen oxidoreductase cyclizing . This enzyme is also called PqqC . References reflist 1 cite journal author Magnusson OT, Toyama H, Saeki M, Schwarzenbacher R, Klinman JP date 2004 title The structure of a biosynthetic intermediate of pyrroloquinoline quinone PQQ and elucidation of the final step of PQQ biosynthesis journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 126 pages 5342&ndash 3 pmid 15113189 doi 10.1021 ja0493852 issue 17 cite journal author Klinman JP, Schwarzenbacher R date 2004 title Quinone biogenesis Structure and mechanism of PqqC, the final catalyst in the production of pyrroloquinoline quinone journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. volume 101 pages 7913&ndash 8 pmid 15148379 doi 10.1073 pnas.0402640101 issue 21 pmc 419531 cite ... required for biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 and the purification ... more details
enzyme Name aldehyde dehydrogenase pyrroloquinoline quinone EC number 1.2.99.3 CAS number 75536 77 5 IUBMB EC number 1 2 99 3 GO code 0047113 image width caption In enzymology , an aldehyde dehydrogenase pyrroloquinoline quinone EC number 1.2.99.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction an aldehyde acceptor H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math a carboxylate reduced acceptor The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are aldehyde , Electron acceptor acceptor , and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are carboxylate and reduced acceptor . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is aldehyde pyrroloquinoline quinone oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called aldehyde dehydrogenase acceptor . This enzyme participates in 4 metabolism metabolic pathways fatty acid metabolism , pyruvate metabolism , propanoate metabolism , and butanoate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , PQQ . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ameyama M and Adachi O date 1982 title Aldehyde dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria, membrane bound journal Methods Enzymol. volume 89 pages 491&ndash 497 doi 10.1016 S0076 6879 82 89084 8 cite journal author Ameyama M, Osada K, Shinagawa E, Matsushita K and Adachi O date 1981 title Purification and characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase of Acetobacter aceti journal Agric. Biol. Chem. volume 45 pages 1189&ndash 1890 cite journal author Patel RN, Hou CT, Derelanko P, Felix A date 1980 title Purification and properties of a heme containing aldehyde dehydrogenase from Methylosinus trichosporium journal Arch. Biochem. Biophys. volume 203 pages 654&ndash 62 pmid 6779711 doi 10.1016 0003 9861 80 90223 4 issue 2 1.2 enzyme stub Category EC 1.2.99 Category Pyrroloquinoline quinone enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Aldeide ... more details
enzyme Name NAD P H dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.5.2 CAS number 9032 20 6 IUBMB EC number 1 6 5 2 GO code 0003955 image width caption In enzymology , a NAD P H dehydrogenase quinone EC number 1.6.5.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction NAD P H H sup sup a quinone math rightleftharpoons math NAD P sup sup a hydroquinone The 4 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and quinone , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , and hydroquinone . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include menadione reductase , phylloquinone reductase , quinone reductase , dehydrogenase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, , quinone , DT diaphorase , flavoprotein NAD P H quinone reductase , menadione oxidoreductase , NAD P H dehydrogenase , NAD P H menadione reductase , NAD P H quinone dehydrogenase , NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase , NAD P H quinone acceptor oxidoreductase , NAD P H menadione oxidoreductase , NADH menadione reductase , naphthoquinone reductase , p benzoquinone reductase , reduced NAD P H dehydrogenase , viologen accepting pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductase , vitamin K reductase , diaphorase ... dehydrogenase quinone , NQO1 , QR1 , and NAD P H quinone acceptor oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates ... P date 1996 title NAD P H Quinone Acceptor Oxidoreductase of Tobacco Leaves Is a Flavin Mononucleotide ... of microsomal NAD P H quinone oxidoreductases journal Arch. Biochem. Biophys. volume 375 pages 62 ... P, Amzel LM date 1995 title The three dimensional structure of NAD P H quinone reductase, a flavoprotein ... more details
orphan date June 2007 Quinone interacting membrane bound oxidoreductase is a membrane bound protein complex present in the electron transport chain of Sulfate reducing bacteria sulfate reducer s e.g. Desulfovibrio species and some sulfur oxidizer s such as 0.014 . enzyme stub Category Cellular respiration Category Integral membrane proteins Category Oxidoreductases ... more details
PBB geneid 1728 NAD P H dehydrogenase quinone 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NQO1 gene . ref name pmid2843525 cite journal author Jaiswal AK, McBride OW, Adesnik M, Nebert DW title Human dioxin inducible cytosolic NAD P H menadione oxidoreductase. cDNA sequence and localization of gene ... P H dehydrogenase quinone family and encodes a cytoplasmic 2 electron reductase. This FAD binding protein forms homodimers and reduces quinone quinones to hydroquinones. This protein s enzymatic .... ref cite web title Entrez Gene NQO1 NAD P H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... Interactions NAD P H dehydrogenase quinone 1 has been shown to Protein protein interaction interact ... with human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 1 journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 277 issue 16 pages 14060 ... DW title Update of the NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase NQO gene family journal Hum. Genomics volume 2 ... of human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase gene. Role of AP1 binding site contained within human antioxidant ... 1340765 doi cite journal author Jaiswal AK title Human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase NQO1 gene structure ... NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase gene expression in human colon carcinoma cells characterization of a mutation ... of individuals with a polymorphism in NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 1 NQO1 to benzene toxicity journal ... No linkage of P187S polymorphism in NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase NQO1 DIA4 and type 1 diabetes ... Faig M, Bianchet MA, Talalay P, et al. title Structures of recombinant human and mouse NAD P H quinone ... glutathione S transferase M1 and quinone oxidoreductase 1 and 2 journal Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun ... author Siegel D, Ryder J, Ross D title NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 1 expression in human bone marrow ... of the molecular chaperone Hsp70 with human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 1 journal J. Biol ... journal author Winski SL, Koutalos Y, Bentley DL, Ross D title Subcellular localization of NAD P H quinone ... yes update citations yes DEFAULTSORT Nad P H Dehydrogenase Quinone 1 Category EC 1.6.5 Category ... more details
Benzoquinone is a quinone with a single benzene ring , of which there are only two 1,4 Benzoquinone , most commonly also para benzoquinone, p benzoquinone, para quinone, or just quinone 1,2 Benzoquinone , less commonly also ortho benzoquinone, o benzoquinone, ortho quinone File Benzoquinones.png 320px Chemistry disambiguation Category Benzoquinones de Benzochinon fr Benzoquinone pl Benzochinon pt Benzoquinona ... more details
File Indol 5,6 chinon.svg thumb Indole 5,6 quinone Image Mitomycin.svg thumb Mitomycin Image Apaziquone.svg thumb Apaziquone Indolequinones are molecules which are based upon an indole but have two additional ketone groups quinone attached to the ring structure. This simple indolequinone indole 5,6 quinone is produced during the ripening of some fruit. Other examples of indolequinones include natural compound mitomycin and the related chemotherapeutic agent apaziquone . External links MeshName Indolequinones Category Indoles Category Quinones heterocyclic stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Semiquinone or ubisemiquinone is a free radical resulting from the removal of one hydrogen atom with its electron during the process of dehydrogenation of a hydroquinone to quinone or alternatively the addition of a single H atom to a quinone. References reflist Category Light reactions Organic compound stub pt Semiquinona ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 The quinhydrone electrode is a type of redox electrode which can be used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration pH of a solution in a chemical experiment. It provides an alternative to the commonly used glass electrode in a pH meter . The electrode consists of an inert metal electrode usually a platinum wire in contact with quinhydrone crystals and a water based solution. Quinhydrone is slightly soluble in water, dissolving to form a mixture of two substances, quinone and hydroquinone, with the two substances present at equal concentration. Each one of the two substances can easily be oxidised or reduced to the other. The potential at the inert electrode depends on the ratio of the activity chemistry activity of two substances quinone hydroquinone , and also the hydrogen ion concentration. The electrode half reaction is Hydroquinone Quinone 2H sup sup 2e sup sup Because the electrode half reaction involves hydrogen ions, the electrode potential depends on the activity of hydrogen ions. From the Nernst equation math E E 0 frac RT nF ln a H math For practical pH measurement, a second pH independent reference electrode such as a silver chloride electrode is also used. This reference electrode does not respond to the pH. The difference between the potential of the two electrodes depends primarily on the activity of H sup sup in the solution. It is this potential difference which is measured and converted to a pH value. The quinhydrone electrode is not reliable above pH 8. It is also unreliable in the presence of strong oxidising or reducing agents, which would disturb the equilibrium between hydroquinone and quinone. It is also subject to errors in solutions containing proteins or high concentrations of salts. Citation needed date May 2009 Other electrodes commonly used for measuring pH are the glass electrode , the hydrogen electrode , the antimony antimony oxide electrode, and the ion sensitive field effect transistor ISFET electrode ... more details
Chinon may refer to a town in France, see Chinon a castle in Chinon, France, see Chinon castle Ch teau Chinon disambiguation , two communes of the Ni vre d partement, in France. Chinon Industries , Japanese camera manufacturer. Not to be confused with Quinone a class of organic compounds. Chinon is the German and Polish term for one unspecific molecule from among the quinones. disambig nl Chinon pl Chinon ru ... more details
enzyme Name Phenylacetyl CoA dehydrogenase EC number 1.17.5.1 CAS number IUBMB EC number 1 17 5 1 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a phenylacetyl CoA dehydrogenase EC number 1.17.5.1 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction phenylacetyl CoA H sub 2 sub O 2 quinone math rightleftharpoons math phenylglyoxylyl CoA 2 quinol The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are phenylacetyl CoA , water H sub 2 sub O , and quinone , whereas its two product chemistry products are phenylglyoxylyl CoA and quinol . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on CH or CH2 group with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is phenylacetyl CoA quinone oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called phenylacetyl CoA acceptor oxidoreductase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Rhee SK, Fuchs G date 1999 title Phenylacetyl CoA acceptor oxidoreductase, a membrane bound molybdenum iron sulfur enzyme involved in anaerobic metabolism of phenylalanine in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 262 pages 507&ndash 15 pmid 10336636 doi 10.1046 j.1432 1327.1999.00399.x issue 2 cite journal author Schneider S, Fuchs G date 1998 title Phenylacetyl CoA acceptor oxidoreductase, a new alpha oxidizing enzyme that produces phenylglyoxylate. Assay, membrane localization, and differential production in Thauera aromatica journal Arch. Microbiol. volume 169 pages 509&ndash 16 pmid 9575237 doi 10.1007 s002030050604 issue 6 1.17 enzyme stub Category EC 1.17.5 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Fenilacetil CoA deidrogenasi ja CoA ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 8 sub H sub 5 sub NO sub 2 sub The molecular formula C sub 8 sub H sub 5 sub NO sub 2 sub molar mass 147.13 g mol, exact mass 147.032028 u may refer to Indole 5,6 quinone , a chemical present in the browning reaction of fruits Isatin Phthalimide MolFormDisambig ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 PBB geneid 4835 NAD P H dehydrogenase, quinone 2 , also known as NQO2 or QR2, is a human gene . It is a phase II detoxification enzyme which can carry out two or four electron reductions. Its mechanism of reduction is via a covalently bound zinc ion and a cocrystalized FAD. NQO2 contains two chains homologous in AA sequence but 7 different in structure. As a result, NQO2 contains two similar yet unique active sites. An important function of NQO2 is its activation on NRH. NQO2 can be inhibited by resveratrol. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene NQO2 NAD P H dehydrogenase, quinone 2 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 4835 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See ... to a second member of the NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase gene family. Extensive polymorphism at the NQO2 ... pmid 1691923 doi 10.1021 bi00459a034 cite journal author Jaiswal AK title Human NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase2 ... to NAD P H quinone reductase DT diaphorase journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 94 issue 5 ..., Knox R, Sun XZ, et al. title Catalytic properties of NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase 2 NQO2 , a dihydronicotinamide ... MA, Talalay P, et al. title Crystal structure of human quinone reductase type 2, a metalloflavoprotein ... s disease and polymorphisms of phase II detoxification enzymes glutathione S transferase M1 and quinone ... MP, Tukey RH title Differential gene expression of NAD P H quinone oxidoreductase and NRH quinone ... TA, Rudolph J title Kinetic mechanism of quinone oxidoreductase 2 and its inhibition by the antimalarial ... of quinone reductase 2 in complex with resveratrol. journal Biochemistry volume 43 issue 36 pages ... Sp3 repression of polymorphic human NRH quinone oxidoreductase 2 gene promoter. journal Free Radic ... is correlated with upregulation of quinone reductase 2 and p53. journal Biochem. Biophys ... cite journal author Fu Y, Buryanovskyy L, Zhang Z title Crystal structure of quinone reductase 2 in complex ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 PBB geneid 1429 Quinone oxidoreductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CRYZ gene . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene CRYZ crystallin, zeta quinone reductase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 1429 accessdate ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text Crystallins are separated into two classes taxon specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. The former class is also called phylogenetically restricted crystallins. This gene encodes a taxon specific crystallin protein which has NADPH dependent quinone reductase activity distinct from other known quinone reductases. It lacks alcohol dehydrogenase activity although by similarity it is considered a member of the zinc containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Unlike other mammalian species, in humans, lens expression is low. One pseudogene is known to exist. ref name entrez References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 PBB Further reading citations cite journal author Heinzmann C, Kojis TL, Gonzalez P, et al. title Assignment of the zeta crystallin gene CRYZ to human chromosome 1p22 p31 and identification of restriction fragment length polymorphisms journal Genomics volume 23 issue 2 pages 403 7 year ... Organization of the human zeta crystallin quinone reductase gene CRYZ journal Genomics volume 21 ... and sequencing of zeta crystallin quinone reductase cDNA from human liver journal Biochem. Biophys. Res ... LQ, Higuchi CM, Chen H title Induction of NADPH quinone reductase by dietary phytoestrogens in colonic ... Unfolding and refolding of a quinone oxidoreductase alpha crystallin, a molecular chaperone, assists ... Functional implications of antiestrogen induction of quinone reductase inhibition of estrogen induced ... more details
Indulines are a series of dye stuffs of blue, bluish red or black shades, formed by the interaction of para amino azo compound s with primary monoamines in the presence of a small quantity of a mineral acid . They were first discovered in 1863 by J. Dale and Heinrich Caro , and since then have been examined by many chemist s. They are derivatives of the eurhodines aminophenazines, aminonaphthophenazines , and by means of their diazo derivatives can be de amidated, yielding in this way azonium salt s consequently they may be considered as amidated azonium salts. The first reaction giving a clue to their constitution was the isolation of the intermediate azophenin by O. Witt, which was proved by Fischer and Hepp to be dianilidoquinone dianil, a similar intermediate compound being found shortly afterwards in the naphthalene series. Azophenin, C sub 30 sub H sub 24 sub N sub 4 sub , is prepared by warming quinone dianil with aniline by melting together quinone , aniline and aniline hydrochloride or by the action of aniline on para nitrosophenol or para nitrosodiphenylamine. The indulines are prepared as mentioned above from aminoazo compounds, or by condensing oxy and amido quinones with phenylated ortho diamines. The indulines may be subdivided into the following groups 1 benzindulines, derivatives of phenazine 2 isorosindulines and 3 rosindulines, both derived from naphthophenazine and 4 naphthindulines, derived from naphthazine. The rosindulines and naphthindulines have a strongly base chemistry basic character, and their salt s possess a marked red color and fluorescence . Benzinduline aposafranine , C sub 16 sub H sub 13 sub N sub 3 sub , is a strong base, but cannot be diazotized, unless it be dissolved in concentrated mineral acid s. When warmed with aniline it yields anilido aposafranine, which may also be obtained by the direct oxidation of ortho aminodiphenylamine. Isorosinduline is obtained from quinone dichlorimide and phenyl 13 naphthylamine rosinduline fro ... more details
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