Search: in
RNA dependent RNA polymerase
RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Encyclopedia Encyclopedia
  Tutorials     Encyclopedia     Videos     Books     Software     DVDs  
       
Encyclopedia results for RNA dependent RNA polymerase

RNA dependent RNA polymerase





Encyclopedia results for RNA dependent RNA polymerase

  1. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

    Pfam box Symbol RNA pol flaviviral Name RNA directed RNA polymerase, flaviviral Pfam PF00972 InterPro IPR000208 PROSITE PDB RNA dependent RNA polymerase RdRP , RDR , or RNA replicase , is an enzyme EC ... to a typical DNA dependent RNA polymerase , which catalyzes the transcription genetics transcription of RNA from a DNA template. RNA dependent RNA polymerase RdRp is an essential protein ... SC title Structure of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase of poliovirus journal Structure volume 5 issue ... JD, Andino R, Cameron CE title Poliovirus RNA dependent RNA polymerase 3Dpol structural, biochemical ... dependent RNA polymerase structure and function as guided by known polymerase structures and computer ... dengue type 1 virus NS5 protein expressed in Escherichia coli exhibits RNA dependent RNA polymerase ... coli exhibits RNA dependent RNA polymerase activity journal Virology volume 216 issue 2 ... InterPro content IPR000208 DEFAULTSORT Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase Category Gene expression ... of RNA dependent RNA polymerases of dsRNA viruses and their relationship to positive strand ... at or near the 3 end of the RNA template by means of a primer independent de novo , or a primer dependent ... CC, Singh P, Ecker DJ title De novo initiation of viral RNA dependent RNA synthesis journal Virology .... supergroup of RNA viruses. Primer dependent RNA synthesis utilizes a small 2 to 3 kilodalton viral ... Gu C, Zeng T, Li Y, Xu Z, Mo Z, Zheng C title Structure function analysis of mutant RNA dependent RNA ... prime negative strand RNA synthesis in a CRE and VPgpUpUOH independent manner, CRE dependent VPgpUpUOH synthesis is absolutely required for positive strand RNA synthesis. CRE dependent VPg uridylylation lower s the Km of UTP required for viral RNA replication and CRE dependent VPgpUpUOH synthesis ... connection between the catalytic subunits of DNA dependent RNA polymerases and eukaryotic RNA dependent RNA polymerases and the origin of RNA polymerases journal BMC Struct. Biol. volume 3 pages ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase

    infobox enzyme Name DNA Directed RNA Polymerase EC number 2.7.7.6 CAS number 9014 24 8 IUBMB EC number 2 7 7 6 GO code 0034062 image width 260px caption Check the EC number again RNA polymerase RNAP or RNApol , also known as DNA dependent RNA polymerase , is an enzyme that produces RNA . In cell biology ... is bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase . Other viruses use a RNA dependent RNA polymerase RNA dependent ... Transcription genetics transcription . RNA polymerase enzymes are essential to life and are found ... author Jerard Hurwitz year 2005 month December title The Discovery of RNA Polymerase journal Journal ... coli RNA polymerase year 2000 volume 54 pages 499 518 pmid 11018136 doi 10.1146 annurev.micro.54.1.499 ... enzyme is needed to unwind DNA. RNA polymerase action RNA polymerase binding in bacteria involves the the sigma ... for genes required at high temperatures heat shock genes . After binding to the DNA, the RNA polymerase ... above, RNA polymerase makes contacts with the promoter region. However these stabilizing contacts ... length product. Once the open complex is stabilized, RNA polymerase synthesizes an RNA strand to establish .... In order to accomplish RNA synthesis, RNA polymerase must maintain promoter contacts while unwinding ... the promoter escape transition, RNA polymerase is considered a stressed intermediate. Thermodynamically ... RNA heteroduplex is long enough, RNA polymerase releases its upstream contacts and effectively achieves ... outcome. RNA polymerase can also relieve the stress by releasing its downstream contacts, arresting ... via RNA polymerase s catalytic activity and recommence DNA scrunching to achieve promoter escape. Scientists have coined the term abortive initiation to explain the unproductive cycling of RNA polymerase .... RNA polymerase in bacteria In bacteria , the same enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of mRNA and ncRNA ... journal author Richard H. Ebright Ebright RH year 2000 title RNA polymerase structural similarities between bacterial RNA polymerase and eukaryotic RNA polymerase II journal J Mol Biol volume 304 issue ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase II

    Image RNA polymerase II.fcgi.png thumb 300px right RNA polymerase II of Saccharomyces cerevisiae consisting of all 12 subunits. Credit Meyer PA, Ye P, Zhang M, Suh MH, Fu J, Phasing RNA polymerase II using ... Meyer cite journal author Meyer PA, Ye P, Zhang M, Suh MH, Fu J title Phasing RNA polymerase II ... this url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Structure mmdb mmdbsrv.cgi?uid 39591. RNA polymerase II also ... type of RNA polymerase . A wide range of transcription factors are required for it to bind to its promoter ... core RNA polymerase II was first purified using transcription assays. ref name Sawadogo cite journal author Sawadogo M, Sentenac A title RNA polymerase B II and general transcription factors ... RA title RNA polymerase II holoenzymes and subcomplexes journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 273 issue ... C, Vigneron M title Interactions between the human RNA polymerase II subunits journal J Biol Chem. month ... directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 an enzyme that in human s is encoded by the POLR2A gene . RPB1 is the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. It contains a C terminus carboxy terminal domain CTD ... studies of the carboxy terminal repeat domain of Drosophila RNA polymerase II in vivo journal ... web title Entrez Gene POLR2A polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide A, 220kDa url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... cite web title Entrez Gene POLR2B polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide B, 140kDa url http ... a core subassembly. RPB3 strongly interacts with RPB1 5, 7, 10 12. ref name Acker RNA polymerase ... RNA polymerase II pol II subunit hsRPB4 with its partner hsRPB7 and with pol II journal Mol Cell Biol .... Two molecules of this subunit are present in each RNA polymerase II. ref name POLR2E cite web title Entrez Gene POLR2E polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide E, 25kDa url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ... Entrez Gene POLR2F polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide F url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites ... ref name POLR2J3 cite web title POLR2J3 polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide J3 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase I

    RNA polymerase I also called Pol I is, in eukaryotes , the enzyme that only Transcription genetics transcribes ribosomal RNA but not 5S ribosomal RNA 5S rRNA , which is synthesized by RNA Polymerase III , a type of RNA that accounts for over 50 of the total RNA synthesized in a cell. ref cite journal author Russell J, Zomerdijk JC title The RNA polymerase I transcription machinery journal Biochem. Soc. Symp. issue 73 pages 203 16 year 2006 pmid 16626300 ref Pol I consists of 8 14 protein subunits polypeptides . All 12 subunits have identical or related counterparts in RNA polymerase II Pol II and RNA polymerase III Pol III . rDNA transcription is confined to the nucleolus where several hundreds of copies of rRNA genes are present, arranged as tandem head to tail repeats. Pol I transcribes one large transcription genetics transcript , encoding an rDNA gene over and over again. This gene encodes the 18S, the 5.8S, and the 28S RNA molecules of the ribosome in eukaryotes . The transcripts are cleaved by snoRNA . The 5S ribosomal RNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase III Pol III . Because of the simplicity of Pol I transcription, it is the fastest acting polymerase. Regulation of rRNA transcription The rate of cell growth is directly dependent on the rate of protein synthesis, which, itself ... of Transcription genetics transcription by any polymerase , there are three main stages Initiation the construction of the RNA polymerase complex on the gene s promoter biology promoter with the help ... elucidated. See also RNA polymerase RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase III References Reflist Polymerases Category EC 2.7.7 Category Gene expression Category Proteins cs RNA polymer za I pt RNA polimerase I ... RNA sequence Termination the cessation of RNA transcription and the disassembly of the RNA polymerase complex. Initiation Initiation the construction of the polymerase complex on the promoter ...   more details



  1. (RNA-polymerase)-subunit kinase

    enzyme Name RNA polymerase subunit kinase EC number 2.7.11.23 CAS number 122097 00 1 IUBMB EC number 2 7 11 23 GO code 0008353 image width caption In enzymology , a RNA polymerase subunit kinase EC number 2.7.11.23 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP DNA directed RNA polymerase math rightleftharpoons math ADP phospho DNA directed RNA polymerase Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are adenosine triphosphate ATP and DNA directed RNA polymerase , whereas its two product chemistry products are adenosine diphosphate ADP and phospho DNA directed RNA polymerase . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of serine or threonine residues in protein s protein serine threonine kinase s . The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP DNA directed RNA polymerase phosphotransferase . Other names in common use include CTD kinase , and STK9 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Lee JM, Greenleaf AL date 1989 title A protein kinase that phosphorylates the C terminal repeat domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 86 pages 3624&ndash 8 pmid 2657724 doi 10.1073 pnas.86.10.3624 issue 10 pmc 287190 Category EC 2.7.11 Category Enzymes of unknown structure enzyme stub ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase IV

    RNA polymerase IV is an enzyme which synthesizes small interfering RNA siRNA in plants. ref name Herr2005 cite journal author Herr, A. J. , M. B. Jensen, T. Dalmay, and D. C. Baulcombe title RNA Polymerase IV Directs Silencing of Endogenous DNA doi 10.1126 science.1106910 journal Science year 2005 volume 308 pmid 15692015 ref Polymerase IV is specific to plants genomes and is required for the synthesis of over 90 of 24 nt heterochromatic siRNA. ref name Zhang2007 cite journal author Zhang, Xiaoyu , Ian R. Henderson,Cheng Lu,Pamela J. Green, and Steven E. Jacobsen title Role of RNA polymerase IV in plant small RNA metabolism journal Proc Natl Acad Sci USA year 2007 volume 104 doi 10.1073 pnas.0611456104 ref Function RNA polymerase silences the transposons and repetitive DNA in the siRNA pathway. ref name Herr2005 The siRNA plays a major role in defending the genome against the invading viruses and transposable elements by RNA directed DNA methylation. ref name Zhang2007 Polymerase IV and ROS1 demethylase unlocks and recondenses the 5S rDNA chromatin , which is present in seed and used for the development of adult features in plants. ref name Douet2008 cite journal author Douet, Julien , Bertrand Blanchard, Claudine Cuvillier, and Sylvette Tourmente title Interplay of RNA Pol IV and ROS1 During Post Embryonic 5S rDNA Chromatin Remodeling journal Plant and Cell Physiology year 2008 volume 49 ref Polymerase IV is involved in setting the methylation patterns in the 5S genes during plant maturation. ref name Douet2008 In Arabidopsis thaliana arabidopsis polymerase IV works with binding protein DCL3 and a RNA polymerase II RDR2 in a silencing pathway which Polymerase IV would produce RNA, which is changed to dsRNA by RDR2 then converted to siRNA by DCL3. ref name Herr2005 References Reflist Polymerases Category Enzymes pt RNA polimerase RNA polimerase IV ...   more details



  1. T7 RNA polymerase

    Image T7 RNA polymerase.jpg thumb right T7 RNA Polymerase blue producing mRNA light blue from a double stranded DNA template orange . T7 RNA Polymerase is an RNA polymerase from the T7 phage T7 bacteriophage that catalyzes the formation of RNA in the 5 3 direction. Activity T7 polymerase is extremely Promoter biology promoter specific and transcribes only DNA downstream of a T7 promoter. The T7 polymerase also requires a DNA template and Mg sup 2 sup ion as cofactor for the synthesis of RNA. It has a very low error rate. T7 polymerase has a molecular weight of 99 kDa. Structure T7 polymerase has ... T7 polymerase binds to DNA and transcribes it. Related proteins Related family members include phage T3 and SP6 RNA polymerase s, but this family is also related to the mitochondrial RNA polymerase. The T7 family of RNA polymerases is structurally and evolutionarily distinct from the multi subunit family of RNA polymerases including bacterial and eukaryotic sub families . In contrast to bacterial RNA polymerases, T7 polymerase is not inhibited by the antibiotic rifampicin . Nevertheless, many common ..., T7 RNA polymerase is commonly used to transcribe DNA that has been cloned into vectors that have two different phage promoters e.g., T7 and T3, or T7 and SP6 in opposite orientation. RNA ..., Theis K, Gong P title Structure and function in promoter escape by T7 RNA polymerase journal Prog ... 6603 05 80008 X url Cite journal author Sousa R, Mukherjee S title T7 RNA polymerase journal Prog ... T7 RNA polymerase or, the virtues of simplicity journal Cell. Mol. Biol. Res. volume 39 issue 4 pages ... of T7 RNA polymerase and the heterogeneity of transcription elongation complexes journal J. Biol ... T7 RNA Polymerase Enzymology http openwetware.org wiki In vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase OpenWetWare polymerases Category RNA Molecular cell biology stub Enzyme stub de T7 RNA Polymerase ... RNA can be generated with this system. Transcripts can be non radioactively labeled to high specific ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase II holoenzyme

    RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of Eukaryote eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters ... RA title RNA polymerase II holoenzymes and subcomplexes journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 273 issue ... cgi reprint 273 43 27757.pdf ref It consists of RNA polymerase II , a subset of general transcription ... polymerase II main RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase II also called RNAP II and Pol II is an enzyme found ... of a Transcription preinitiation complex preinitiation complex , which, together with RNA polymerase ... author Orphanides G, Lagrange T, Reinberg D title The general transcription factors of RNA polymerase ... ref The cluster of RNA polymerase II and various transcription factors is known as a basal ... of protein coding gene s in eukaryote s and archaea . The PIC helps position RNA polymerase II over ... journal author Ossipow V, Fonjaliaz P, Schibler U title An RNA Polymerase II Complex Containing All ... into proper position for entry into the active site of RNA polymerase II . TFIIB binds partially ... recruits RNA polymerase II and TFIIF. ref name Ossipow Transcription Factor II F TFIIF two ... DNA. ref name Lee Transcription Factor II E TFIIE helps to open and close the RNA polymerase II Pol ... II at the amino acid serine. This switches the RNA polymerase to start producing RNA . ref name Pierce ... to the C terminal domain CTD of RNA polymerase II holoenzyme , acting as a bridge between this enzyme ... of POLR2A . The carboxy terminal domain CTD of RNA polymerase II is that portion of the polymerase ... of Drosophila RNA polymerase II in vivo journal Genetics. volume 140 issue 2 pages 599 613 year 1995 ... pages 223 6 month Jul year 2004 title Recognition of RNA polymerase II carboxy terminal domain by 3 ... of RPB1, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. It serves as a flexible binding Scaffold protein ... Tails of RNA polymerase II journal Trends Biol Sci. month year 1990 volume 15 issue pages 383 7 .... CDK8 and cyclin C CCNC are components of the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme that phosphorylate the carboxyl ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase III

    In eukaryote cells, RNA polymerase III also called Pol III Transcription genetics transcribes DNA to synthesize ... than the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme Pol III in prokaryote cells. The genes transcribed by RNA Pol ... RNA polymerase II . In the process of Transcription genetics transcription by any polymerase there are three main stages Initiation requiring construction of the RNA polymerase complex on the gene s promoter biology promoter . Elongation the writing of the RNA transcript. Termination the finishing of RNA writing and disassembly of the RNA polymerase complex. Initiation Initiation the construction of the polymerase complex on the promoter. Pol III is unusual compared to Pol II requiring no control ... and Bdp1. ref name tfiiib cite journal title Essential roles of Bdp1, a subunit of RNA polymerase ..., as it is in prokaryotes. Transcribed RNAs The types of RNAs transcribed from RNA polymerase III includes Transfer RNA s ref name Dieci cite journal author Dieci G, Fiorino G, Castelnuovo M, Teichmann M, Pagano A title The expanding RNA polymerase III transcriptome journal Trends Genet. volume ... also termed class I gene initiation TFIIIA T ranscription F actor for polymerase III A binds to the intragenic ... TFIIIC T ranscription F actor for polymerase III C binds to two intragenic lying within the transcribed ... of the start site of transcription. TFIIIB T ranscription F actor for polymerase III B , consists ... class III gene initiation documented in vertebrates only SNAPc SN RNA A ctivating P rotein c omplex ... that TFIIIB containing Brf2 also plays a role in promoter opening. Termination Polymerase III ... ref 5S ribosomal RNA ref name Dieci U6 spliceosomal RNA ref name Dieci RNase P and RNase MRP RNA ref name Dieci 7SL RNA the RNA component of the signal recognition particle ref name Dieci Vault RNA s ref name Dieci Y RNA ref name Dieci SINE s short interspersed repetitive elements ref name Dieci 7SK RNA ref name Dieci Several microRNA s ref name Dieci Several small nucleolar RNA s ref name Dieci Several ...   more details



  1. RNA polymerase II subunit B4

    PBB geneid 5433 DNA directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2D gene . ref name pmid9528765 cite journal author Khazak V, Estojak J, Cho H, Majors J, Sonoda G, Testa JR, Golemis EA title Analysis of the interaction of the novel RNA polymerase II pol II subunit hsRPB4 with its partner hsRPB7 and with pol II journal Mol Cell Biol volume 18 issue 4 pages 1935 45 year 1998 month May pmid 9528765 pmc 121423 doi ref The PBB Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template PBB Controls to Stop updates. PBB Summary section title summary text This gene encodes the fourth largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. In yeast, this polymerase subunit is associated with the polymerase under suboptimal growth conditions and may have a stress protective role. A sequence for a ribosomal pseudogene is contained within the 3 untranslated region of the transcript from this gene. ref cite web title Entrez Gene POLR2D polymerase RNA II DNA directed polypeptide D ... Specific binding of RNA polymerase II to the human immunodeficiency virus trans activating region RNA is regulated by cellular cofactors and Tat. journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 92 issue ..., TAK, that hyperphosphorylates the carboxyl terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase ... of RNA polymerase II for function. journal J. Virol. volume 70 issue 7 pages 4576 84 year 1996 pmid ... domain of RNA polymerase II. journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 93 issue 21 pages 11575 ... KT title Requirements for RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain for activated transcription ... CA, Roeder RG title Enhanced processivity of RNA polymerase II triggered by Tat induced phosphorylation ... Tat interacts with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. journal Mol. Cell. Biol. volume 17 issue 4 ... tethered to nascent RNA through another protein. journal Nature volume 345 issue 6276 pages 640 ...   more details



  1. RNA

    mRNA and intron s are removed by the spliceosome . There are also a number of RNA dependent RNA polymerase ... dependent RNA polymerase of poliovirus journal Structure year 1997 volume 5 issue 8 pages 1109 22 doi 10.1016 S0969 2126 97 00261 X pmid 9309225 ref Also, RNA dependent RNA polymerase is part of the RNA interference pathway in many organisms. ref cite journal author Ahlquist P title RNA Dependent RNA ... Synthesis of RNA is usually catalyzed by an enzyme RNA polymerase using DNA as a template, a process ... en ra b .nju kle . k s d , or RNA , is one of the three major macromolecule s along with DNA and protein s essential for all known forms of life . Like DNA, RNA is made up of a long chain of components ... group. The sequence of nucleotides allows RNA to encode genetic information. All cellular organisms use messenger RNA mRNA to carry the genetic information that directs the synthesis of proteins. In addition, many virus es use RNA instead of DNA as their genetic material. Some RNA molecules play ... on ribosome s. This process uses transfer RNA tRNA molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA rRNA links amino acids together to form proteins. The chemical structure of RNA is very similar to that of DNA, with two differences a RNA contains the sugar ribose , while DNA contains ... RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine . Unlike DNA, most RNA molecules are single ... of the ribosome 3CC2.png thumb Three dimensional representation of the 50S ribosomal subunit. RNA is in ochre, protein in blue. The active site is in the middle red . RNA and DNA are both nucleic acid s, but differ in three main ways Unlike double stranded DNA, RNA is a single stranded molecule ... , RNA contains ribose in deoxyribose there is no hydroxyl group attached to the pentose ring in the nucleic acid nomenclature 2 position . These hydroxyl groups make RNA less stable than DNA because ... RNA s, contain self complementary sequences that allow parts of the RNA to fold ref citation author ...   more details



  1. Transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase I

    of TIF IB SL1, activates RNA polymerase I transcription. journal EMBO J. volume 20 issue 6 pages ...   more details



  1. RNA transfection

    and characterization of a double stranded RNA dependent protein synthesis inhibitor from reticulocyte ...Image Lin28RNAtransfection.jpg thumb 300px right Human fibroblasts transfected with RNA encoding the protein Lin28 green . RNA transfection is the process of deliberately introducing RNA into a living Cell biology cell . RNA can be purified from cells after lysis or synthesized from free nucleotide s either chemically, or enzymatically using an RNA polymerase to Transcription genetics transcribe a DNA template. As with DNA, RNA can be delivered to cells by a variety of means including microinjection , electroporation , and Liposome lipid mediated transfection . If the RNA encodes a protein , transfected cells may Translation genetics translate the RNA into the encoded protein. If the RNA is a regulatory RNA such as a MicroRNA miRNA , the RNA may cause other changes in the cell such as RNA interference RNAi mediated knockdown . Terminology RNA molecules shorter than about 25nt largely evade detection by the innate immune system , which is triggered by longer RNA molecules. Most cells of the body express proteins of the innate immune system, and upon exposure to exogenous long RNA molecules ... be repeatedly transfected with short RNA with few non specific effects, repeatedly transfecting cells with even a small amount of long RNA can cause cell death unless measures are taken to suppress or evade the innate immune system see Long RNA transfection below . Short RNA transfection Short RNA transfection ... using Small interfering RNA siRNA or to express or block the activity of a MicroRNA miRNA using short RNA that acts independently of the cell s RNA interference RNAi machinery, and therefore is not referred to as siRNA . While DNA based vectors virus es, plasmid s that encode a short RNA molecule can also be used, short RNA transfection does not risk modification of the cell s DNA, a characteristic that has led to the development of short RNA as a new class of Macromolecule macromolecular ...   more details



  1. RNA virus

    viruses Group V must have their genome copied by an RNA polymerase to form positive sense RNA. This means that the virus must bring along with it the RNA dependent RNA polymerase enzyme. The positive ... dependent RNA polymerase. Classification is based principally on the type of genome double stranded .... Classification of the positive strand RNA viruses is based on the RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Three groups have been recognised ref name Koonin Koonin EV 1991 The phylogeny of RNA dependent ... is complementary to mRNA and thus must be converted to positive sense RNA by an RNA polymerase before ... and viral proteins to form the various proteins needed for replication. One of these includes RNA dependent RNA polymerase , which copies the viral RNA to form a double stranded replicative form, in turn ...Technical date September 2011 An RNA virus is a virus that has RNA ribonucleic acid as its genetic material . ref http www.nlm.nih.gov cgi mesh 2008 MB cgi?mode &term RNA Viruses&field entry MeSH , retrieved on 12 April 2008. ref This nucleic acid is usually single stranded RNA ssRNA , but may be double stranded RNA dsRNA . ref name Pattonrnav The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ICTV classifies RNA viruses as those that belong to Group III , Group IV or Group V of the Virus classification ... viruses with DNA intermediates as RNA viruses. ref name titleListing in Taxonomic Order Index ... caused by RNA viruses include SARS , influenza , hepatitis C and polio . Viruses with RNA as their genetic ... term for RNA viruses that explicitly excludes retrovirus es is ribovirus . ref name pmid10570172 cite journal author Drake JW, Holland JJ title Mutation rates among RNA viruses journal Proc. Natl ... Single stranded RNA viruses and RNA Sense RNA viruses can be further classified according to the sense or polarity of their RNA into Sense molecular biology negative sense and Sense molecular biology positive sense , or ambisense RNA viruses. Positive sense viral RNA is similar to mRNA ...   more details



  1. UPSK RNA

    end of turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA in minus strand synthesis by the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase journal J Virol volume 71 pages 5990&ndash 5996 pmid 9223489 issue 8 pmc 191855 ref This element ...Infobox rfam Name UPSK RNA image RF00390.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of UPSK Symbol UPSK AltSymbols Rfam RF00390 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Cis regulatory element Cis reg Tax domain Virus es GO SO SO 0000233 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData The Upstream pseudoknot UPSK domain is an cis regulatory element RNA element found in the turnip yellow mosaic virus , beet virus Q ref name pmid9714254 cite journal author Koenig R, Pleij CW, Beier C, Commandeur U title Genome properties of beet virus Q, a new furo like virus from sugarbeet, determined from unpurified virus journal J. Gen. Virol. volume 79 issue 8 pages 2027 36 year 1998 month August pmid 9714254 doi url http vir.sgmjournals.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9714254 ref , barley stripe mosaic virus ref name pmid8623558 cite journal author Solovyev AG, Savenkov EI, Agranovsky AA, Morozov SY title Comparisons of the genomic cis elements and coding regions in RNA beta components of the hordeiviruses barley stripe mosaic virus, lychnis ringspot virus, and poa semilatent virus journal Virology volume 219 issue 1 pages 9 18 year 1996 month May pmid 8623558 doi 10.1006 viro.1996.0217 url ref and tobacco mosaic virus ref name pmid8608444 cite journal author Felden B, Florentz C, Gieg R, Westhof E title A central pseudoknotted three way junction imposes tRNA like mimicry and the orientation of three 5 upstream pseudoknots in the 3 terminus of tobacco mosaic virus RNA journal RNA volume 2 issue 3 pages 201 12 year 1996 month ... of Turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA is a 3 translational enhancer journal Virology volume 321 pages ... links Rfam id RF00390 name UPSK RNA molecular cell biology stub Category Cis regulatory RNA elements ...   more details



  1. RyeE RNA

    Infobox rfam Name CyaR Rye RNA image RF00112.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of CyaR RyeE Symbol CyaR RyeE AltSymbols RyeE Rfam RF00112 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Bacterial small RNA sRNA Tax domain Bacteria GO SO SO 0000655 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData The CyaR RNA formerly known as RyeE RNA non coding RNA was identified in a large scale screen of E. coli and was called candidate 14. ref cite journal last Wassarman first KM coauthors Repoila F, Rosenow C, Storz G, Gottesman S year 2001 title Identification of novel small RNAs using comparative genomics and microarrays journal Genes Dev volume 15 pages 1637&ndash 1651 pmid 11445539 doi 10.1101 gad.901001 issue 13 pmc 312727 ref The exact 5 and 3 ends of this RNA are uncertain. This gene lies between yegQ and orgK in E. coli . This small RNA was shown to be bound by the Hfq protein . This RNA has been renamed as CyaR for cyclic AMP activated RNA . It has recently been shown that CyaR RNA acts as a repressor of the porin OmpX. ref name pmid18399940 cite journal author Papenfort K, Pfeiffer V, Lucchini S, Sonawane A, Hinton JC, Vogel J title Systematic deletion of Salmonella small RNA genes identifies CyaR, a conserved CRP dependent riboregulator of OmpX synthesis journal Mol. Microbiol. volume 68 issue 4 pages 890 906 year 2008 month May pmid 18399940 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2958.2008.06189.x url ref It has also been shown that cyaR expression is tightly controlled by the cyclic AMP receptor protein, CRP . ref name pmid18399940 See also RydB RNA RyhB RNA RyeB RNA References reflist 1 External links Rfam id RF00112 name RyeE RNA Category Non coding RNA molecular cell biology stub ...   more details



  1. RNA editing

    4697 pmid 1629949 issue 8 pmc 241294 ref . Viral RNAs are transcribed by a virus encoded RNA dependent RNA polymerase , which is prone to pausing and stuttering at certain nucleotide combinations. In addition ... These As help stabilize the mRNA. Furthermore, the pausing and stuttering of the RNA polymerase allows ...The term RNA editing describes those molecular processes in which the information content in an RNA molecule ... in tRNA , rRNA , mRNA and microRNA molecules of eukaryotes but not prokaryotes . RNA editing occurs ... to have evolved from prokaryotic like endosymbionts . Most of the RNA editing processes, however, appear to be evolutionarily recent acquisitions that arose independently. The diversity of RNA editing ... I deaminations, as well as non templated nucleotide additions and insertions. RNA editing in mRNAs ... 1999 title RNA editing journal FEMS Microbiol Rev volume 23 issue 3 pages 297 316 doi 10.1111 j.1574 ... by insertion or deletion RNA editing through the addition and deletion of uracil has been found ..., R. year 1994 title RNA editing in trypanosomes journal Eur. J. Biochem volume 221 pages 9 23 doi ... with a guide RNA gRNA , which contains complementary sequences to the regions around the insertion ..., R. year 1996 title Mechanism and evolution of RNA editing in kinetoplastida journal Biochim ... RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 25 pages 3751 3759 doi ... RNA, and insertion will continue as long as A or G is present in the guide RNA and will stop ..., L. year 1990 title A model for RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria Guide RNA molecules ..., M.L., Heidmann, S. and Stuart, K.D. year 1997 title RNA editing getting U into RNA journal Trends ... an endonucleolytic cut at the mismatch point between the guide RNA and the unedited transcript. The next ... year 1995 title Sense from nonsense RNA editing in mitochondria of kinetoplastid protozoa and slime ... has made mRNA complementary to gRNA, an RNA ligase rejoins the ends of the edited mRNA transcript ...   more details



  1. SL1 RNA

    Infobox rfam Name SL1 RNA image RF00198.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SL1 Symbol SL1 AltSymbols Rfam RF00198 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Tax domain Eukaryota GO GO 0000365 SO SO 0000233 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData This family represents the SL1 RNA . SL1 is commonly located in the spacer region between 5S rRNA genes where it is involved in trans splicing. Trans splicing is a form of RNA processing. The acquisition of a spliced leader from an SL RNA is an intra molecular reaction which precisely joins exons derived from separately transcribed RNAs. This mechanism of mRNA maturation has been shown to occur in a number of lower eukaryotes and is commonplace in nematodes ref cite journal last Dassanayake first RS coauthors Chandrasekharan NV, Karunanayake EH year 2001 title Trans spliced leader RNA, 5S rRNA genes and novel variant orphan spliced leader of the lymphatic filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti, and a sensitive polymerase chain reaction based detection assay journal Gene volume 269 pages 185&ndash 193 pmid 11376950 doi 10.1016 S0378 1119 01 00438 3 issue 1 2 ref . References references External links Rfam id RF00198 name SL1 RNA Category Non coding RNA molecular cell biology stub ...   more details



  1. GcvB RNA

    the alpha and sigma subunits of RNA polymerase to activate the Escherichia coli gcvB gene and the gcvTHP ...Infobox rfam Name GcvB RNA image RF00022.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of GcvB Symbol GcvB AltSymbols Rfam RF00022 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Tax domain ... The gcvB RNA gene encodes a small non coding RNA involved in the regulation of a number ... partner of the mRNAs for each regulated gene. This binding is dependent on binding to a protein called Hfq Hfq protein . Transcription genetics Transcription of the GcvB RNA is activated by the adjacent ... Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV year 2000 title The gcvB gene encodes a small untranslated RNA involved ... A deletion of GcvB RNA from Y. pestis changed colony shape as well as reducing growth. ref name pmid16768793 ... gene encodes two small regulatory RNA molecules journal BMC Microbiol. volume 6 pages 52 year 2006 ... journal author Jin Y, Watt RM, Danchin A, Huang JD title Small noncoding RNA GcvB is a novel regulator ... title The gcvB gene encodes a small untranslated RNA involved in expression of the dipeptide and oligopeptide ... TH, Vogel J title A small RNA regulates multiple ABC transporter mRNAs by targeting C A rich elements ... author Pulvermacher SC, Stauffer LT, Stauffer GV title The small RNA GcvB regulates sstT mRNA expression ... 19118351 doi 10.1099 mic.0.023598 0 url ref GcvB RNA also is involved in regulating a variety of genes ... journal author Vogel J title A rough guide to the non coding RNA world of Salmonella journal Mol. Microbiol ... regulatory mechanism of noncoding RNA. journal Cell cycle. volume 8 issue 6 pages 952 4 year 2009 ... recently shown for the DsrA RNA . ref name pmid19535898 cite journal author Cayrol B title Auto assembly of E. coli DsrA small noncoding RNA Molecular characteristics and functional consequences journal RNA Biol volume 6 issue 4 pages 434 45 year 2009 pmid 19535898 doi 10.4161 rna.6.4.8949 url author ... is not known. Species distribution The GcvB RNA is found in a range of bacteria including ref name ...   more details



  1. SL2 RNA

    Infobox rfam Name SL2 RNA image RF00199.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SL2 Symbol SL2 AltSymbols Rfam RF00199 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Tax domain Eukaryota GO GO 0000365 SO SO 0000233 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData SL2 RNA is a non coding RNA involved in Trans splicing trans splicing in lower eukaryotes. Trans splicing is a form of RNA processing. The acquisition of a spliced leader from an SL RNA is an intra molecular reaction which precisely joins exon s derived from separately transcribed RNAs. ref cite journal last Dassanayake first RS coauthors Chandrasekharan NV, Karunanayake EH year 2001 title Trans spliced leader RNA, 5S rRNA genes and novel variant orphan spliced leader of the lymphatic filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti, and a sensitive polymerase chain reaction based detection assay journal Gene volume 269 pages 185&ndash 193 pmid 11376950 doi 10.1016 S0378 1119 01 00438 3 issue 1 2 ref Approximately 25 of Caenorhabditis elegans C. elegans genes are organised into Messenger RNA Monocistronic versus polycistronic mRNA polycistronic transcription units and the presence of SL2 on an mRNA is an indication the gene is in an operon . ref cite journal last Evans first D coauthors Blumenthal T year 2000 title trans splicing of polycistronic Caenorhabditis elegans pre mRNAs analysis of the SL2 RNA journal Mol Cell Biol volume 20 pages 6659&ndash 6667 pmid 10958663 doi 10.1128 MCB.20.18.6659 6667.2000 issue 18 pmc 86170 ref References reflist 1 External links Rfam id RF00199 name SL2 RNA Category Non coding RNA molecular cell biology stub ...   more details



  1. RNA Helicase A

    PBB geneid 1660 ATP dependent RNA helicase A RHA also known as DHX9, LKP, NDHII, and Maleless is an enzyme ... A functional interaction between the survival motor neuron complex and RNA polymerase II journal ... title BRCA1 protein is linked to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex via RNA helicase A journal ... association of CBP with RNA polymerase II. journal Cell volume 90 issue 6 pages 1107 12 year 1997 ... T, et al. title BRCA1 protein is linked to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex via RNA helicase ... the survival motor neuron complex and RNA polymerase II. journal J. Cell Biol. volume 152 issue 1 ... J title Human RNA helicase A is homologous to the maleless protein of Drosophila journal J Biol ... II RNA helicase A journal J Biol Chem volume 272 issue 17 pages 11487 94 year 1997 month May ... box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp Glu Ala Asp DEAD , are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure ... protein with RNA helicase activity. It may participate in melting of DNA RNA hybrids, such as those ... of a double stranded RNA binding domain, a DEXH core domain and an RGG box. The RNA binding domains and RGG box influence and regulate RNA helicase activity. ref name entrez Interactions DHX9 has ..., RNA helicase A and Tap cooperate in the post transcriptional regulation of human immunodeficiency ... Mapping the functional domains of HAP95, a protein that binds RNA helicase A and activates the constitutive ... F year 2000 month July title A novel shuttle protein binds to RNA helicase A and activates the retroviral ... interaction between RNA helicase A and Tap, two cellular proteins that bind to the constitutive ... RNA helicase A interacts with nuclear factor kappaB p65 and functions as a transcriptional coactivator ... Arginine methylation of RNA helicase a determines its subcellular localization journal J. Biol. Chem ... of RNA helicase A causes inhibition of endogenous BRCA1 function and defects in ploidy and cytokinesis ...   more details



  1. Preribosomal RNA

    Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date January 2008 Preribosomal RNA is a non complete RNA that serve as the intermediate form during RNA biogenesis. Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages Category RNA Cell biology stub ...   more details



  1. RNA (disambiguation)

    RNA stands for ribonucleic acid, a biological macromolecule. RNA may also refer to RNA journal RNA journal , a scientific journal Religion Newswriters Association Republic of New Afrika , a black nationalist community and political lobby group Rochester Numismatic Association Romantic Novelists Association The Royal National Agricultural and Industrial Association of Queensland , organiser of the Ekka Royal Navy Association , a form of auxiliary for the Royal Navy United Kingdom Royal Nepalese Army Royal Nepal Airlines Radio Nacional de Angola , Angola National Radio disambig Category Initialisms es RNA desambiguaci n eo RNA apartigilo fr RNA gl RNA it RNA disambigua nl RNA pt RNA desambigua o zh RNA ...   more details



  1. RNA journal

    RNA journal may refer to RNA journal , a Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press scientific journal RNA Biology , a Landes Bioscience scientific journal disambig ...   more details



  1. RybB RNA

    Infobox rfam Name RybB RNA image RF00110.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of RybB Symbol RybB AltSymbols Rfam RF00110 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Gene Bacterial small RNA sRNA Tax domain Bacteria GO SO SO 0000655 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData RybB is a small non coding RNA was identified in a large scale screen of E. coli . ref cite journal last Wassarman first KM coauthors Repoila F, Rosenow C, Storz G, Gottesman S year 2001 title Identification of novel small RNAs using comparative genomics and microarrays journal Genes Dev volume 15 pages 1637&ndash 1651 pmid 11445539 doi 10.1101 gad.901001 issue 13 pmc 312727 ref The function of this short RNA has been studied using a transcriptomic approach and kinetic analyses of target mRNA decay in vivo . RybB was identified as a factor that selectively accelerates the decay of multiple major omp mRNAs upon induction of the envelope stress response. ref cite journal last Papenfort first K coauthors Pfeiffer V, Mika F, Lucchini S, Hinton JC, Vogel J year 2006 title SigmaE dependent small RNAs of Salmonella respond to membrane stress by accelerating global omp mRNA decay journal Mol Microbiol. volume 62 pages 1674&ndash 1688 pmid 17427289 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2958.2006.05524.x issue 6 pmc 1804206 ref This RNA has been shown to bind to the Hfq protein . See also RyfA RNA RydB RNA RydC RNA References reflist 1 External links Rfam id RF00110 name RybB RNA Category Non coding RNA molecular cell biology stub ...   more details




Articles 1 - 25 of 36794          Next


Search   in  
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Tutorials
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Encyclopedia
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Videos
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Books
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Software
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in DVDs
Search for RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Store


Advertisement




RNA dependent RNA polymerase in Encyclopedia
RNA dependent RNA polymerase top RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Home - Add TutorGig to Your Site - Disclaimer

©2011-2013 TutorGig.info All Rights Reserved. Privacy Statement