See also algorithmic randomness A numeric sequence is said to be statistically random when it contains no recognizable patterns or regularities sequences such as the results of an ideal dice dice roll , or the digits of pi exhibit statistical randomness. ref http news.uns.purdue.edu UNS html4ever 2005 050426.Fischbach.pi.html Pi seems a good random number generator but not always the best , Chad Boutin, Purdue University ref Statistical randomness does not necessarily imply true randomness , i.e., objective unpredictability. Pseudorandomness is sufficient for many uses, such as statistics, hence the name statistical randomness. Global randomness and local randomness are different. Most philosophical conceptions of randomness are global&mdash because they are based on the idea that in the long run a sequence looks truly random, even if certain sub sequences would not look random. In a truly random sequence of numbers of sufficient length, for example, it is probable there would be long sequences of nothing but zeros, though on the whole the sequence might be random. Local randomness ... the local randomness of a sample it might only be locally random for sequences of 10,000 digits ... is impossible . Legislation concerning gambling imposes certain standards of statistical randomness ... randomness from true randomness in that many sequences generated with truly random methods might not display local randomness to a given degree &mdash very large sequences might contain many rows ... numbers. Pseudorandom number generator s require tests as exclusive verifications for their randomness ... s Universal Statistical Test. See also Checking if a coin is fair Normal number Randomness Statistical hypothesis testing One time pad Randomness tests Seven states of randomness Complete spatial randomness References reflist M.G. Kendall and B. Babington Smith, Randomness and Random Sampling Numbers ... Normal Distributed Random Numbers DEFAULTSORT Statistical Randomness Category Statistical randomness ... more details
Expert subject Statistics date November 2008 The issue of randomness is an important philosophical and theoretical question. Many random number generators in use today generate what are called random sequences but they are actually the result of prescribed algorithms and so they are called pseudo random number generators. These generators do not always generate sequences which are sufficiently random and generate very repetitive patterns such as the infamous RANDU which fails many randomness tests ... in invalid experiments, due to the lack of randomness. Tests for randomness are not restricted ... a set of data has a recognisable pattern to it. For example Wolfram used randomness tests on the output ... pages pp. 181 190 doi 10.1142 S012918319600017X . ref Randomness tests or tests of randomness , in data ... or other randomized data can be used which does pass the tests for randomness. There are many practical measures of randomness for a binary sequence . These include measures based on statistical tests ... to measure randomness was proposed by Subhash Kak S. Kak and developed further by Phillips, Yuen, Hopkins, Beth and Dai, Mund, and George Marsaglia Marsaglia and Zaman. ref Terry Ritter, Randomness ..., which are of linear complexity, provide spectral measures of randomness. T. Beth and Z D. Dai ref ... tests make it possible to compare and contrast the randomness of string computer science strings . On probabilistic grounds, all strings, say of length 64, have the same randomness. However, two ... to be of much less randomness than the second one, which agrees with intuition. See also Diehard tests TestU01 Randomness Statistical randomness Algorithmically random sequence Seven states of randomness ... Difficult to pass Tests of Randomness, Journal of Statistical Software, Volume 7, 2002, Issue ... www.cacert.at random Online randomness test Notes div class references small references Category Algorithmic information theory Category Randomness Category Statistical tests math stub statistics stub ... more details
Infobox Book name Fooled by Randomness The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets author Nassim Nicholas Taleb image Image Fooled by Randomness Paperback.jpg border Fooled by Randomness genre Statistics , Philosophy , Finance language English publisher Random House release date 2001 pages 316 isbn 0 8129 7521 9 dewey 123 .3 22 congress HG4521 .T285 2005 oclc 60349198 preceded by followed by The Black Swan Taleb book The Black Swan Fooled by Randomness The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets is a book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb that deals with the fallibility of human knowledge. Reaction The book was selected by Fortune magazine Fortune as one of the 75 Smartest Books of All Time. ref http money.cnn.com magazines fortune fortune archive 2005 03 21 8254826 index.htm ref Thesis Taleb sets forth the idea that modern humans are often unaware of the existence of randomness . They tend to explain random outcomes as non random . Human beings overestimate causality , e.g., they see elephants in the clouds instead of understanding that they are in fact randomly shaped clouds that appear to our eyes as elephants or something else tend to view the world as more explanation explainable than it really is. So they look for explanations even when there are none. Other misperceptions of randomness that are discussed include Survivorship bias . We see the winners and try to learn from them, while forgetting the huge number of losers. Skewed distributions. Many real life phenomena are not 50 50 bets like tossing a coin, but have various unusual and Benford s law counter intuitive distributions . An example of this is a 99 1 bet in which you almost always win, but when you ... by randomness ref and is reported to have sold over half a million copies. Further editions have ... of perceiving pattern in randomness References references External links http www.fooledbyrandomness.com ... reviews DEFAULTSORT Fooled By Randomness Category 2001 books Category Books by Nassim Nicholas ... more details
Randomness is an extremely ambiguous word not only in everyday language but also or even especially in science. Almost each branch of science has its own interpretation and hence own ways of handling the characteristic randomness. This confused situation is typical whenever there is no generally acknowledged unit defined for a characteristic. This was the reason why in 1889 by the 1st General Conference on Weights and Measures CGPM of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures BIPM the three characteristics length, mass, and time were selected and in 1954 during the 10th CGPM three more characteristics were added and it was decided to derive an International System of Units SI that should cover all physical characteristics. The six base characteristics and the corresponding units are length ... randomness was and is not included in the SI, although randomness plays an essential role in the physical ... for not considering randomness as a base characteristic of physics is probably the fact that most religions and in particular Christianity deny the existence of something like randomness and that science and especially physics followed religion and neglected randomness although randomness is well observed in physics. Not considering randomness in the SI had strange consequences. For example ... of the metre, http www.bipm.org en si history si evolution metre.html . ref The characteristic randomnessRandomness is a characteristic property of future events and make them either occur or not occur ... occur with different frequencies. Randomness as a property of a future event describes therefore its propensity to occur. The value of randomness depends on the actual initial conditions analogously ... Jacob Bernoulli succeeded to quantify randomness of a future event. He selected the two extreme values ... for the characteristic randomness of a future event and named this measure by the Latin word probabilitas ... Categories Category Randomness ... more details
of chance and randomness were intertwined with that of fate. Many ancient peoples threw ... cultures used various methods of divination to attempt to circumvent randomness and fate. ref Handbook ... people to formalize odds and chance 3,000 years ago. The Greek philosophers discussed randomness ... calculus had a positive impact on the formal study of randomness. In the 19th century the concept of entropy was introduced in physics. and a proof of the randomness of the digits of the number ... of randomness, and mathematical foundations for probability were introduced, leading to its axiomatization ... new dimensions to the field via the concept of algorithmic randomness . Although randomness had ... scientists began to realize that the deliberate introduction of randomness into computations can ... , 1541 In ancient history, the concepts of chance and randomness were intertwined with that of fate ... and randomness until the 16th century. The development of the concept of chance throughout history has been very gradual. Historians have wondered why progress in the field of randomness was so slow ... people face an inherent difficulty in understanding randomness, although the concept is often taken ... people do not attend to the detail necessary to gain such knowledge. ref Randomness , Deborah J. Bennett ... the earliest Western thinkers to address chance and randomness. Around 400 BC, Democritus presented a view of the world as governed by the unambiguous laws of order and considered randomness as a subjective ... of necessary determinism. He viewed randomness as a genuine and widespread part of the world ... BC Epicurus proposed the concept that randomness exists by itself, independent of human knowledge ... randomness at higher levels. ref Epicurus an Introduction , John M. Rist, 1972 ISBN 0521084261 p. 52 ... between the belief in free will and its implied randomness, and the idea that God knows ... and free will, but Martin Luther argued against randomness and took the position that God ... more details
Cleanup date March 2010 Main RandomnessRandomness has many uses in gambling , statistics , cryptography , art , etc. These uses have different randomness requirements, which leads to the use of different randomization methods. For example, applications in cryptography have strict requirements, whereas other uses such as generating a quote of the day can use a looser standard of randomness. Early uses Games Unpredictable by the humans involved numbers usually taken to be randomness random numbers were first formally investigated in the context of gambling . Many randomizing devices such as dice , shuffling playing cards , and roulette wheels, seem to have been developed for use in game of chance ... been alleged that some gaming machines software is deliberately biased to prevent true randomness ... which is, itself, founded on the concept of randomness . Many elements of statistical practice depend on randomness via random numbers. Where those random numbers fail to be actually random, any ... practice that depend on randomness include choosing a representative statistical sample sample , disguising ... Consciousness Project , monitor fluctuations in the randomness of numbers generated by many ... on randomness in one way or another. Little testing is done in these situations, and so claims of reliance on and use of randomness are generally abstract. An example of a need for randomness sometimes ... as many other movements in art and letters, has attempted to accommodate and acknowledge randomness in various ways. Often people mistake order for randomness based on lack of information e.g., Jackson ... Eugenio Montale , Theatre of the Absurd . Randomness in music is generally thought By whom date April ... move in a computer game . Weaker forms of randomness are also closely associated with hash algorithm ... Black swan theory References Reflist External links http random.org DEFAULTSORT Applications Of Randomness Category Randomness ... more details
Cleanup date January 2010 A randomness extractor , often simply called an extractor, is a function which, when applied to a information entropy high entropy source such as radioactive decay , or thermal ... TRNG . A randomness extractor is an algorithm that converts a weakly random source and a truly random ... random seed s length is useful to minimize. No single randomness extractor currently exists that has ... to define the level of randomness it produces. For this is used min entropy , which is a measurement of the amount of randomness in the worst case. The definition uses the worst case randomness of min entropy and not the average case randomness described by Information entropy Shannon entropy . Definition .... P. 5. ref . Dispersers Another variant of the randomness extractor is the disperser . Strong extractors The two inputs taken by an extractor must be independent sources of randomness the actual ... on math 0,1 m d math . Randomness extractors in cryptography This section is mainly based on ref ... be used for public key encryption. In other words, randomness extraction can be useful in the key ... who sees the pseudo random source or the seed, but not both . In other words, the randomness, and thus the secrecy , of the output is intact even if the input source is compromised. The high level of randomness ... on assumed properties of the hash function. Applications Randomness extractors are used widely ... random result. Randomness extractors have played a part in recent developments in quantum cryptography , where photons are used by the randomness extractor to generate secure random bits. http newsroom.spie.org x4741.xml?highlight x535 Randomness extraction is also used in some branches of computational ... of extractors , Ronen Shaltiel http people.csail.mit.edu dodis ps hmac.ps Randomness Extraction ... 2005 061.pdf Key Derivation and Randomness Extraction , Olivier Chevassut et al. http www.cs.utexas.edu ... Mitzenmacher See also Decorrelation Hardware random number generator Fuzzy Extractor Category Randomness ... more details
File Tetraedre fractal spherique.jpg thumb A tetrahedral fractal . The seven states of randomness in probability theory , fractals and risk analysis are extensions of the concept of normal distribution . These seven states were first introduced in by Beno t Mandelbrot in his 1997 book Fractals and scaling in finance which applied fractal analysis to the study of risk and randomness. ref name Mandelbrot1977 Fractals and scaling in finance by Beno t Mandelbrot 1997 ISBN 0387983635 pages 136 142 ref These seven states build on earlier work of Mandelbrot in 1964, titled The two stages of indeterminism in which he argued that most statistical models approached only a first stage of dealing with indeterminism in science, and that they ignored many aspects of real world turbulence, in particular, most cases of financial modeling . ref Gaussian Self Affinity and Fractals by Benoit Mandelbrot, F.J. Damerau, M. Frame, and K. McCamy 2001 ISBN 0387989935 page 20 ref ref The effortless economy of science? by Philip Mirowski 2004 ISBN 0822333228 page 255 ref Intuitively speaking, Mandelbrot argued ... forms of randomness that can be used to model extreme changes in risk and randomness. He observed that randomness can become quite wild if the requirements regarding finite mean and variance are abandoned. Wild randomness corresponds to situations in which a single observation, or a particular ... Mandelbrot1977 Proper mild randomness Borderline mild randomness Slow randomness with finite delocalized moments Slow randomness with finite and localized moments Pre wild randomness Wild randomness Extreme randomness Traditional normal distributions are at the mild end of the scale within this categorization ... just ten trading days represent 63 per cent of the returns of the past 50 years. Wild randomness ..., The Netherlands. 422 p. ISBN 978 1 4020 4369 7 ref See also History of randomness Random sequence References Reflist Category Fractals Category Probability theory Category Randomness ... more details
In the field of information retrieval , divergence from randomness is one type of probabilistic model. External links http ir.dcs.gla.ac.uk terrier doc dfr description.html Terrier s DFR Web page http ir.dcs.gla.ac.uk wiki DivergenceFromRandomness Glasgow IR group Wiki DFR page Category Information retrieval Category Probabilistic models comp sci stub ... more details
Expert subject statistics date June 2009 Complete spatial randomness CSR describes a point process whereby point events occur within a given study area in a completely random fashion. Such a process is often modeled using only one parameter, i.e. the density of points, math rho math within the defined area. This is also called a spatial Poisson process . Data in the form of a set of points, irregularly distributed within a region of space, arise in many different contexts examples include locations of trees in a forest, of nests of birds, of nuclei in tissue, of ill people in a population at risk. We call any such data set a spatial point pattern and refer to the locations as events, to distinguish these from arbitrary points of the region in question. Model The hypothesis of complete spatial randomness for a spatial point pattern asserts that the number of events in any region follows a Poisson distribution with given mean count per uniform subdivision. The intensity of events does not vary over the plane. This implies that there are no interactions amongst the events. For example, the independence assumption would be violated if the existence of one event either encouraged or inhibited the occurrence of other events in the neighborhood. The study CSR is essential for the comparison of measured point data from experimental sources. As a statistical testing method, the test for CSR has many applications in the social sciences and in astronomical examinations. ref cite web url http www.galaxy.gmu.edu interface I02 I2002Proceedings HauckSteven HauckSteven.presentation.ppt title Statistics on Venus Craters and Catastrophes ref Distribution The probability of finding exactly math k math points within the area math V math with event density math rho math is therefore math P k ... 100.2 ADA291151 Improvement of Inter event Distance Tests of Randomness in Spatial Point Processes ... randomness Category Spatial processes es Aleatoriedad espacial completa ... more details
Multiple issues wikify April 2012 orphan April 2012 dead end April 2012 Use dmy dates date January 2012 Use Australian English date January 2012 Random Acts Of Randomness RAOR is an Australian television show. With the creators NABRON D and LASVILI they have created up to seven seasons season 8 in the making . It was premiered 3 December when date December 2011 as they wanted to continue it till 2011 as a load of success happened to such an underestimated show by the critics in the beginning. Episode 1 Season 1 Sun Herald Won t achieve much Episode 3 Season 1 Sun Herald Fantastic like no other RAOR is a variety of scenes that the creators believe that are very random in a way. Epidodes Earlier In The Year Season Episode Viewers 1 Ep 1 1,345,566 1 Ep2 2,356,768 1 Ep3 2,556,998 Later In The Year Season Episode Viewers 2 Ep 1 6,345,721 2 Ep 7 9,458,645 7 Ep 5 12,555,598 Fast facts RAOR has averaged at 12 million viewers each episode since season 7 170 episodes have aired There are 7 seasons in RAOR Season 8 in the making . Category Australian television programming ... more details
Lawlessness may be lack of law , in any of the various senses of that word see also law disambiguation chaos anomie anarchy anarchism randomness antinomianism disambig nl Wetteloosheid ... more details
Extractor may refer to Extractor firearms Extractor mathematics Extractor screws , a tool used to removed broken screws Randomness extractor Soxhlet extractor disambig ... more details
, there are different notions of randomness. The most common of these is known as Martin L f randomness or 1 randomness , but stronger and weaker forms of randomness also exist. The term random ... of a randomness test test for randomness in order to define a random sequence as one that passed all tests for randomness however, the precise notion of a randomness test was left vague. Martin L f s key insight was to use the theory of computation to formally define the notion of a test for randomness. This contrasts with the idea of randomness in probability in that theory, no particular element of a sample space can be said to be random. Martin L f randomness has since been shown to admit many equivalent characterizations in terms of data compression compression , randomness tests, and gambling ..., they should pass statistical tests for randomness, and it should be difficult to make money betting on them. The existence of these multiple definitions of Martin L f randomness, and the stability ... L f randomness is a fundamental property of mathematics and not an accident of Martin L f s particular model. The thesis that the definition of Martin L f randomness correctly captures the intuitive notion of randomness has been called the Martin L f Chaitin Thesis it is somewhat similar to the Church ... gbs toc r&cad 0 0 Randomness, Unpredictability and Absence of Order , in Philosophy of Probability ... . There is a constructive null cover of RAND sup c sup . This means that all effective tests for randomness that is, constructive null covers are, in a sense, subsumed by this universal test for randomness, since any sequence that passes this single test for randomness will pass all tests for randomness ... . Thus there are random sequences of arbitrarily high Turing degree . Relative randomness As each of the equivalent ... to relative randomness is Michiel van Lambalgen van Lambalgen s theorem, which states that if C is the sequence ... is random relative to A . Stronger than Martin L f randomness Relative randomness gives us the first ... more details
wiktionary random Random can refer to Randomness , the property of lacking any sort of order. Science and technology Random number Random variable dev random , a Unix device file See also Category Randomness Places Random Lake , Wisconsin Random Island , Canada The former name of Brighton, Vermont Music Random musician Random band Random Lady Sovereign song , a song by Lady Sovereign Random , a song by Gary Numan released as a bonus track on his album The Pleasure Principle Gary Numan album The Pleasure Principle Random , a song from the 311 album 311 album by the band 311 Random , a tribute album to Gary Numan Other Robert Random , a Canadian actor Random comics , a fictional character in the Marvel Universe Random, Prince of The Chronicles of Amber Amber , in the novels of Roger Zelazny Random Dent Random Frequent Flyer Dent , the daughter of Arthur Dent in the Hitchhikers Guide book Mostly Harmless Random House , Book Publisher Random refers to things in no sense or order. For example, if someone were to shout out cream cheese in the middle of a business presentation, that would be considered an act of randomness. See also Non sequitur , for which random is a common synonym with today s youth. disambig ko pt Random ... more details
An math N,M,D,K, epsilon math extractor is a bipartite graph with math N math nodes on the left and math M math nodes on the right such that each node on the left has math D math neighbors on the right , which has the added property that for any subset math A math of the left vertices of size at least math K math , the distribution on right vertices obtained by choosing a random node in math A math and then following a random graph theory edge to get a node x on the right side is math epsilon math close to the Uniform distribution continuous uniform distribution in terms of total variation distance . A disperser is a related graph. An equivalent way to view an extractor is as a bivariate function math E N times D rightarrow M math in the natural way. With this view it turns out that the extractor property is equivalent to for any source of randomness math X math that gives math n math bit s with min entropy math log K math , the distribution math E X,U D math is math epsilon math close to math U M math , where math U T math denotes the uniform distribution on math T math . Extractors are interesting when they can be constructed with small math K,D, epsilon math relative to math N math and math M math is as close to math KD math the total randomness in the input sources as possible. Extractor functions were originally researched as a way to extract randomness from weakly random sources. See randomness extractor . Using the probabilistic method it is easy to show that extractor graphs with really good parameters exist. The challenge is to find explicit or polynomial time computable examples of such graphs with good parameters. Algorithms that compute extractor and disperser graphs have found many applications in computer science . References Ronen Shaltiel, http www.cs.haifa.ac.il ronen online papers survey.ps Recent developments in extractors a survey Category Graph families Category Pseudorandomness Category Theoretical computer science ... more details
avoids a definition of a random sequence. ref Inevitable Randomness in Discrete Mathematics ... and stochastic sequences assuming some definition of randomness. The Bourbaki Bourbaki school considered ... was one of the first mathematicians to formally address randomness in 1909. ref E. Borel, Les probabilites ... In 1919 Richard von Mises gave the first definition of algorithmic randomness, which was inspired by the law ... This definition is often called Mises Church randomness . Modern approaches In the mid 1960s, A. N ... notion of randomness. In 1966 Per Martin L f introduced a new notion which is now generally considered the most satisfactory notion of algorithmic randomness . His original definition involved measure ... sequences have now emerged ref R. Downey, Some Recent Progress in Algorithmic Randomness in Mathematical ... Levin and Gregory Chaitin . For finite random sequences, Kolmogorov defined the randomness as the entropy ... Springer ISBN 0 7923 2210 X page 176 ref See also Randomness History of randomness Random number generator Seven states of randomness Statistical randomness References Sergio B. Volchan What Is a Random ... randomly http www.ciphersbyritter.com RES RANDTEST.HTM vonNeumann63 Randomness tests by Terry Ritter DEFAULTSORT Random Sequence Category Randomness Category Sequences and series Category Statistical randomness cs N hodn sekvence de Zufallssequenz es Sucesi n aleatoria fr Suite al atoire ms Jujukan ... more details
Drunkard s Walk may refer to Drunkard s Walk novel Drunkard s Walk novel , a 1960 science fiction novel by Frederik Pohl Drunkard s walk, a patchwork pattern made up of squares of fabric with a quarter circle of contrasting fabric in one corner Drunkard s walk, a type of a random walk in which termination conditions lead to a biased ending state The Drunkard s Walk How Randomness Rules Our Lives , a non fiction book by Leonard Mlodinow . disambig ... more details
math s bar Y s sqrt N math valid? Importance Randomness along with fixed model, fixed variation, and fixed .... The randomness assumption is critically important for the following three reasons Most standard statistical test s depend on randomness. The validity of the test conclusions is directly linked to the validity of the randomness assumption. Many commonly used statistical formulae depend on the randomness ... heavily used, the results from using this formula are of no value unless the randomness assumption ... is being used to test for randomness i.e., there is no time dependence in the data , the following ... more details
In statistical mechanics , the metastate is a probability measure on the space of all thermodynamic states for a system with quenched randomness. The term metastate, in this context, was first used in ref name NS96 Newman, C. M. Stein, D. L. 1996 , Spatial inhomogeneity and thermodynamic chaos , Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 76 4821 4824. ref . Two different versions have been proposed 1 The Aizenman Wehr construction, a canonical ensemble approach, constructs the metastate through an ensemble of states obtained by varying the random parameters in the Molecular Hamiltonian Hamiltonian outside of the volume being considered ref name AW90 Aizenman, M. Wehr, J. 1990 , Rounding effects of quenched randomness on first order phase transitions , Commun. Math. Phys., Vol. 130 489 528. ref . 2 The Newman Stein metastate, a microcanonical ensemble approach, constructs an empirical average from a deterministic i.e., chosen independently of the randomness subsequence of finite volume Gibbs measure Gibbs distributions ref name NS96 ref name NS97 Newman, C. M. Stein, D. L. 1997 , Metastate approach to thermodynamic chaos , Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 55 5194 5211. ref ref name NSBerlin Newman, C. M. Stein, D. L. 1998 . Thermodynamic chaos and the structure of short range spin glasses. in A. Bovier and P. Picco. Mathematics of Spin Glasses and Neural Networks. Boston Birkhauser. pp. 243 247. ref . It was proved ref name NSBerlin for Euclidean lattices that there always exists a deterministic subsequence along which the Newman Stein and Aizenman Wehr constructions result in the same metastate. The metastate is especially useful in systems where deterministic sequences of volumes fail to converge to a thermodynamic state , and or there are many competing observable thermodynamic states. References do not reduce font sizes, the Wiki style sheets control presentation references Category Statistical mechanics Category Condensed matter physics ... more details
dabconcept Random number may refer to A number generated for or part of a set exhibiting statistical randomness . A random sequence obtained from a stochastic process. An algorithmically random sequence in algorithmic information theory. The output of a random number generation random number generator . mathdab ca Nombre aleatori de Zufallszahl es N mero aleatorio id Angka acak he ms Nombor rawak ja pl Liczba losowa pt N mero aleat rio sr fi Satunnaisluku zh ... more details
The parallel terraced scan is a multi agent system multi agent based search algorithm search technique that is basic to cognitive architecture s, such as copycat software Copycat , Letter string, the Examiner, Tabletop, and others. It was developed by John Rehling and Douglas Hofstadter at the Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition at Indiana University Bloomington Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana Bloomington . The parallel terraced scan foots on the concepts of the workspace, coderack, conceptual memory, and temperature. According to Hofstadter the Parallel Distributed Processing parallel and Randomness random nature of the processing captures aspects of human cognition . See also Copycat software Copycat External links http ieeexplore.ieee.org iel4 5482 14763 00672938.pdf?arnumber 672938 The Parallel Terraced Scan An Optimization For An Agent Oriented Architecture pdf compu AI stub Category Cognitive architecture Category Theory of computation ... more details
Unexplained means not explain ed and may refer to Unexplained EP , a 1992 rock music album by EMF Television The Unexplained , a 1990s documentary television series Unexplained Mysteries , a 2003 documentary television series Unexplained Canada , a 2006 documentary television series Unexplained , a 2008 television series examining paranormal events, with Tony Robinson Channel 4 See also Medically unexplained physical symptoms Sudden unexplained death syndrome Unexplained variation randomness variance, in statistics see Explained variation Fraction of variance unexplained Fort Prophet of the Unexplained , a 2002 comic book Unexplained disappearances The Unexplained magazine disamb Category Paranormal ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced July 2008 notability July 2008 Missing information shuffle in Media player application software software media players and Compact Disc player s date May 2008 Generalize date June 2009 Shuffle play is a mode of music playback in which songs are played in a random ized order that is decided upon for all tracks at once. It is commonly found on CD player s, digital audio player s and Media player application software media player software. The accepted definition of shuffle playback does not allow any tracks to be played twice, and it is which makes it distinct from random playback, in which the next track is chosen at random after the last track has ended. DEFAULTSORT Shuffle Play Category Randomness Category Digital audio players Sound tech stub ... more details
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