Image Bundesarchiv Bild 183 1982 1013 501, Boxkampf Hucks gegen Gahrmeister.jpg thumb right 250px A boxingreferee counting a boxer The referee in the boxing is the individual charged with enforcing the Marquess of Queensberry rules rules of that sport during a match. The role of the referee Referees have the following roles Gives instructions to both Boxing boxer s before the fight Determines when to start or stop a count when a fighter is down Determines when a foul is so egregious that a warning should be given or points taken away Signal when the round is over Determines when one fighter s health will be endangered by more blows and thus, stops the fight. In the past, referees were involved in judge judging the fight. However, that role has been progressively replaced by a panel of judges, except for domestic fights in some countries. Attire Normally, a white or blue Oxford shirt is worn, as well as black slacks, black leather shoes and a black bow tie. Latex gloves are sometimes worn for sanitary reasons. For professional matches a patch is usually worn on the left breast bearing the insignia of the organization sanctioning the fight. The referee may also wear a patch on his left sleeve bearing the flag of his home country. This is especially common in matches between fighters from two different countries. Criticisms The main critique involves the Subjectivity Epistemic subjectivity subjective nature of boxing refereeing there are guidelines for referees, but enforcement of the rules still involves judgement. Notable referees Steve Smoger Joe Cortez Daniel Van de Wiele http www.boxrec.com list bouts.php?human id 400862&cat refereereferee http www.boxrec.com list bouts.php?human id 400862&cat judge judge Ruby Goldstein Mills Lane Arthur Mercante Jay Nady Randy Neumann Richard Steele boxingreferee Richard Steele Mickey Vann Pete Podgorski Tony Weeks Brian Garry Matteus ... Boxing Dead link date July 2010 guidance for the United States Category Boxing Category Boxing ... more details
Mark Nelson is a boxingreferee from Maplewood, Minnesota Maplewood , Minnesota . ref http www.boxrec.com media index.php Mark Nelson ref Nelson is sanctioned by the WBO , ref http www.britishboxing.net officials 173 Mark Nelson.html ref World Boxing Association WBA , ref http www.chinapost.com.tw sports boxing 2008 12 27 189490 Denkaosan 100.htm ref and IBF , ref http www.usatoday.com sports boxing 2006 07 09 spinks karmazin x.htm ref and has been appointed to referee over 40 world title fights. ref http www.boxrec.com list bouts.php?human id 401021&cat referee ref Notes references Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Nelson, Mark ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Nelson, Mark Category Boxing referees Category Living people Category People from Ramsey County, Minnesota Category Sportspeople from Minnesota US boxing bio stub ... more details
Hatnote For other meanings of these words, see Boxing disambiguation , Boxer disambiguation , Box disambiguation ... Boxing aka Pugilism, English boxing, Western Boxing, Sweet Science, Gentleman s Sport focus Punching strikes country Greece Ancient Boxing br United Kingdom Modern Boxing olympic Since 688 B.C. creator Various fighters parenthood Unknown Boxing , also called pugilism , is a combat sport in which two people engage in a contest using only their fists. There are two forms of boxing amateur and professional. Amateur boxing is an Olympic and Commonwealth sport and is a common fixture in most of the major international games it also has its own World Championships. Boxing is supervised by a refereeboxingreferee over a series of between one to three minute intervals called rounds. The result is decided when an opponent is deemed incapable to continue match by a referee or if an opponent is disqualified .... The birth hour of boxing as a sport may be its acceptance by the Ancient Greece ancient Greeks as an Ancient Olympic Games Olympic game as early as 688 BC. Modern boxing evolved in Europe , particularly Great Britain and Germany . In 2004, ESPN ranked boxing as the most difficult sport in the world ... File NAMA Akrotiri 2.jpg thumb right Minoan civilization Minoan youths boxing, Akrotiri Santorini fresco ... 29781 boxing Encyclop dia Britannica entry for Boxing ref Both depictions show bare fisted contests ... civilization Minoan Crete c. 1500 900 BC , and on Sardinia , if we consider the boxing statues of Prama mountains c. 2000 1000 BC . ref name EncyclopaediaBritannicaEntry Modern boxing Broughton ... of Self Defense A Treatise on Sparring and Wrestling , 1867 Records of Classical boxing activity ... boxing sometimes referred to as prizefighting . The first documented account of a bare knuckle ... boxing first came to be used. It should be noted, that this earliest form of modern boxing was very .... On 6 January 1681, the first recorded boxing match took place in Britain when Christopher ... more details
wiktionary referee A referee is an official in a sports game. Referee or The Referee may also refer to In law and society Special referee , in law, a judge who acts on matters of fact only One who engages in scholarly peer review One who provides a reference In media The Referee film The Referee film , a 2010 Swedish documentary Sunday Referee , a British newspaper founded as The RefereeReferee magazine Referee magazine , a magazine on sports officiating List of Wisconsin magazines published in Wisconsin , U.S. A gamemaster in the role playing game Traveller game Traveller See also Arbitrator , a person authorized to resolve legal disputes disambiguation es rbitro gl rbitro it Arbitro hu J t kvezet egy rtelm s t lap ru uk ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In law , a special referee acts as a judge on matters of fact only. Explanation In many instances, the interpretation of the specific statute s or case law relevant to a dispute is absolutely clear. The uncertainty between the party law parties lies in the facts. Hence, a special referee is an expert in the factual topic, whether it be shipping, civil engineering, accounting, etc. He or she hears evidence and makes factual findings which bind the parties. This will usually be sufficient for the parties to resolve the dispute since the law can now be applied. If the parties still cannot agree, they may initiate proceedings for arbitration or litigation but, on an inter partes basis, the facts are conclusively determined by the Judgment law judgment of the special referee and only questions of law may be argued before the new forum. Thus, the use of a special referee provides a relatively swift and cost effective mechanism for dispute resolution if only because the procedure is less formal than in a court and the referee s existing expertise reduces the need to continually explain complex technical and factual matters to a judge who has only legal expertise. Scope The parties may anticipate the possibility of a dispute and nominate a special referee as the most appropriate form of dispute resolution see forum selection clause . Such clauses cannot limit ..., the parties may, of their own initiative, seek out a person qualified to act as a special referee ... representation, fees to witnesses, and in the fee to the special referee, the expenditure will be a fraction ... procedure of many states allows the court to refer the matter to a special referee when this will both ... referee for inquiry or report. 2 The report of an official or special referee may be adopted wholly ... nomenclature used in some jurisdictions a special referee is known as a master , special master or auditor . DEFAULTSORT Special Referee Category Dispute resolution Category Legal professions Category ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2008 A match referee is an official appointed to oversee professional cricket matches. Match referees for Test cricket Test matches and One Day International s are appointed by the International Cricket Council ICC . Most matches below international level do not have a referee. A match referee remains off the field of play at all times during the actual play of the game, observing events from a spectator area. The referee makes no decisions of any relevance to the play or result of the game such decisions are the sole responsibility of the appointed umpire cricket umpire s. The match referee s responsibility is to ensure that the ICC Cricket Code of Conduct is upheld during the game, to assess any breaches of the Code, and to hand out penalties for any breaches. Following every game, the match referee composes and submits a match report to the ICC, noting any events or actions by players or umpires that may be a concern in terms of the Code of Conduct or the Laws of Cricket . Match referees are frequently former cricket players who have had distinguished careers on the field. In recent years the law regarding the Throwing cricket unlawful delivery of the cricket ball by a bowler cricket bowler because of straightening of the arm at the elbow has been interpreted as the domain of the match referee and a system of reports to the ICC, rather than a matter for the umpires to decide and call on the field as a no ball at each incidence. This de facto migration of responsibility has caused controversy, with some commentators claiming it has eroded the official support and authority owed to the umpires. Cricket positions Category Cricket match referees Category Cricket laws and regulations Category Sports officiating mr ... more details
Infobox film name image Poster Version 2.0 Small.jpg alt see WP ALT caption Film Poster director Mattias L w producer Mattias L w & Valentina Santi L w writer starring Martin Hansson , Sepp Blatter , Thierry Henry , Pel , Ars ne Wenger , Birgit Hansson, Bo Karlsson & Erik Niva music cinematography Mattias L w & Orvar Anklew editing Orvar Anklew studio distributor released Film date Year Month Day Location runtime 29 minutes country Film Sweden language Swedish budget gross The Referee lang sv R ttskiparen is a 2010 Swedish documentary short film produced by Freedom From Choice AB and Druid Film about Swedish top association football football referee association football referee Martin Hansson and his dramatic road to the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa . The filmmakers Mattias L w, Valentina Santi L w and Orvar Anklew followed the former firefighter from the village of Holmsj in Blekinge , southern Sweden for a year. The film features French football player Thierry Henry , FIFA president Sepp Blatter , Arsenal F.C. manager association football manager Ars ne Wenger , former football star Pel , Swedish Football Association referee boss Bo Karlsson football referee Bo Karlsson and acclaimed journalist and author Erik Niva. Selected newspaper comments The Guardian , UK This is a gem of a documentary. Le Figaro , France A very engaging dark chapter. Dagens Nyheter , Sweden An outstanding, entertaining and exciting movie. The New York Times , USA A perceptive documentary on soccer refereeing ... a masterful portrait. Svenska Dagbladet , Sweden A nail biter with a stylish dramaturgy. USA Today , USA This documentary is spectacularly intricate. Financial Times , UK Hansson s story has meaning beyond football. References IMDb title 1687263 The Referee DEFAULTSORT Referee Category Documentary films about sportspeople Category Swedish documentary films Category Swedish short films Category 2010 films Category 2010s documentary films Category Swedish language films Cate ... more details
Italic title Infobox artwork image file Referee Mke.jpg painting alignment image size 150px title Referee alt other language 1 other title 1 other language 2 other title 2 artist Tom Queoff year Start date 1978 type Laminated marble sculpture height metric width metric length metric height imperial 114 width imperial length imperial diameter metric diameter imperial imperial unit in metric unit cm city Milwaukee museum coordinates coord 43 02 30.04 N 87 55 03.94 W region US owner Administered by the City of Milwaukee Referee is a public artwork by United States American artist Tom Queoff , located on the south entrance of the U.S. Cellular Arena , which is in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , United States . The 9 foot laminated marble sculpture depicts an abstracted referee with legs spread apart and arms raised. Description Tom Queoff s Referee is made of white laminated travertine marble which has been carved into the simplified figure of a referee. ref name SIRIS http siris artinventories.si.edu ipac20 ipac.jsp?session 1296N5330408Q.28055&profile ariall&source siartinventories&view subscriptionsummary&uri full 3100001 27353 70&ri 2&aspect Browse&menu search&ipp 20&spp 20&staffonly &term Outdoor Sculpture Wisconsin Milwaukee&index OBJEC&uindex &aspect Browse&menu search&ri 2 , SIRIS. ref The referee stands with his legs out in an inverted V shape, and has both arms raised up and bent at the elbows. His face consists of a negative oval space. There are no inscriptions on the sculpture. ref name SIRIS Historical information Referee was funded through the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act CETA , a program that operated in Wisconsin from 1977 through 1981. The program s goal was to give university trained artists the opportunity to create artworks, while finding them employment within their communities. Thirty Wisconsin artists participated in CETA during its short run. Tom ... with another sculptor, and worked on various art projects for the city. One of these projects was Referee ... more details
The Sunday Referee was a Sunday newspaper in the United Kingdom . The paper was founded in 1877 as The Referee , primarily covering sports news. In the 1930s, considerable money was invested in an attempt to compete with the leading Sunday newspapers, and circulation reached 400,000, but in 1939 it was merged with the Sunday Chronicle . ref Harold Herd, The March of Journalism , p.266 ref Dylan Thomas contributed several early poems to the newspaper. ref George Tremlett, Dylan Thomas ref Editors 1877 Henry Sampson newspaper proprietor Henry Sampson 1891 Richard Butler author Richard Butler 1922 Robert Donald 1924 A. Laber 1932 Mark Goulden 1936 R. J. Minney Source David Butler and Jennie Freeman, British Political Facts, 1900 1960 References references Defunct UK newspapers Category Defunct newspapers of the United Kingdom Category Publications established in 1877 Category Publications disestablished in 1939 Category 1877 establishments in the United Kingdom ... more details
A Referee in Bankruptcy or Bankruptcy Referee is a federal official with quasi judicial powers, appointed by a United States district court to administer bankruptcy proceedings. The office was first created by the Bankruptcy Act of 1898 , and was substantially altered by the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 , which created separate United States bankruptcy court s with permanently assigned judge s. History The Bankruptcy Act of 1898 30 Stat. 544 established the position of bankruptcy referee to assist in expeditiously transacting the bankruptcy business . The act specified that referees were to be appointed by the district court for a term of two years, although they could be removed from office or have their jurisdiction over a particular case revoked at any time. The courts could appoint the referees in such numbers as may be necessary . The fees paid by petitioners in bankruptcy proceedings were used to compensate the referees. All three earlier, short lived acts providing for bankruptcy jurisdiction in the federal courts had made provision for the appointment of officers to assist in the administration of bankruptcy cases. The act of 1800 2 Stat. 19, repealed in 1803 authorized district judges to appoint commissioners with various powers to declare a person a bankrupt, to take possession of a bankrupt s estate, and to assign the bankrupt s property. The next bankruptcy act, in 1841 5 Stat. 440, repealed in 1843 , provided for the appointment of commissioners to receive proof of debts and carry out other administrative duties related to bankruptcy cases. The act 14 Stat. 517 ... each referee a combination of special master and estate administrator until the late 1930s, when Congress ... rules that employed the term bankruptcy judge interchangeably with referee . In the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 92 Stat. 2657 Congress abolished the office of bankruptcy referee and established .... Further Reading Prudence Carter Beatty and Andrew DeNatale, From Referee in Bankruptcy to Bankruptcy ... more details
Harry Gibbs Order of the British Empire OBE 1920 1999 was an English boxingRefereeboxingreferee and boxing judge judge . In a career spanning four decades, Gibbs took charge of numerous world title fights, and officiated in bouts involving Muhammad Ali , Roberto Dur n , Sugar Ray Leonard , Sugar Ray Robinson , Thomas Hearns , Mike Tyson , Barry McGuigan and Joe Frazier . He was the referee and sole judge of the fight between Henry Cooper boxer Henry Cooper and Joe Bugner in 1971, awarding the fight to Bugner by a quarter of a point, which remains one of the most controversial decisions in British boxing history. His name was put forward to be a judge in the Marvin Hagler Vs Ray Leonard match. The Hagler camp objected and he was replaced by JoJo Guerra, who scored it 118 110 for Leonard. External links http archive.gazette news.co.uk 1999 11 17 211717.html Obituary http www.boxrec.com list bouts.php?human id 401619&cat refereeBoxing record Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Gibbs, Harry ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1920 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1999 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Gibbs, Harry Category 1920 births Category 1999 deaths Category Boxing judges Category Boxing referees Category Members of the Order of the British Empire Category Boxing in England UK boxing bio stub ... more details
Richard Green c. 1937 1 July 1983 was a boxingRefereeboxingreferee . Background Green was a native of Louisiana and a Golden Gloves boxer in the 1960s. Career as Referee Green was the referee for the World Boxing Association WBA Lightweight Title fight between Ray Mancini and Duk Koo Kim on November 13, 1982, the fight where Kim lost his life at age 23. Green refereed one more bout before committing suicide on July 1, 1983 at his North Las Vegas home at age 46. ref http www.lvrj.com sports 11232441.html 25 YEARS LATER THE DEATH OF DUK KOO KIM , Las Vegas Review Journal , 13 November 2007 ref Green was also the referee for the Larry Holmes Muhammad Ali fight in 1980. References Reflist External links http query.nytimes.com gst fullpage.html?res 9800E1D91739F935A35754C0A965948260 New York Times Archive Richard Green Obituary Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Green, Richard ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1937 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1983 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Green, Richard Category 1937 births Category 1983 deaths Category Boxing referees Category Sportspeople who committed suicide Category Suicides in Nevada Category People from Louisiana US boxing bio stub ... more details
unref date June 2009 A disqualification abbreviated DQ is a term used when a Boxing bout is stopped short of knockout or judges decision because, intentionally, one or both contestants have repeatedly or flagrantly fouled an opponent or violated other rules. The disqualified boxer automatically loses the bout to the opponent. If both are disqualified, termed a double disqualification the result is usually declared a No contest boxing no contest regardless of round. Most disqualifications happen for repeated intentional fouling such as headbutting, low blows, rabbit punches, biting and the like. Typically, a referee will first verbally warn offenders or direct a point deduction first before disqualifying a boxer. However, contestants may be disqualified without warning for particularly egregious conduct such, as kicking a downed opponent or using loaded gloves. Secondly, violation of other rules by a fighter s corner, such as cornermen entering the ring or striking the opponent can result in disqualification even though such behavior is not strictly under the fighter s control. Disqualification occurs solely at the referee s discretion and no fouled contestant is automatically entitled to such a result. Examples A famous DQ in boxing occurred in the 1997 Holyfield Tyson II match, when Mike Tyson was disqualified in the 3rd round for repeatedly biting Evander Holyfield s ear. Combat sports decisions Category Boxing rules and regulations ... more details
a point. A refereeboxingreferee monitors the fight to ensure that competitors use only legal blows ...Globalize date December 2010 Amateur boxing is practised at the collegiate level, at the Olympic Games and Commonwealth Games , and in many other venues sponsored by amateur boxing associations. Amateur boxing bouts are short in duration and fighters wear head protection, so this type of competition ..., three minute rounds on January 1, 2009. Image Ouch boxing footwork.jpg thumb right 170px Headgear martial arts Headgear is mandatory in amateur boxing Competitors wear protective headgear and gloves ... the opponent from swinging if this occurs, the referee separates the opponents and orders them to continue boxing. Repeated holding can result in a boxer being penalized, or ultimately, disqualified ... a oly rules.htm Olympic Boxing Rules About.com 2005 ref Bouts which end this way may be noted as RSC referee stopped contest with notations for an outclassed opponent RSCO , outscored opponent RSCOS , injury RSCI or head injury RSCH . History Amateur boxing emerged as a sport during the mid to late ... working class sport, the safer, scientific style of boxing found favor in schools, universities ... Rules had been published. In the United Kingdom, the Amateur Boxing Association of England Amateur Boxing Association A.B.A. was formed in 1880 in sports 1880 when twelve clubs affiliated. It held ... 1924 , the A.B.A. had 105 clubs in affiliation. Boxing first appeared at the Olympic Games in 1904 ... for the U.S. Internationally, Olympic boxing spread steadily throughout the first half of the 20th ... Olympic Boxing Federation was formed in Paris in 1920, there were only five member nations. In 1946 in sports 1946 , however, when the International Boxing Association International Amateur Boxing Association A.I.B.A. was formed in London, twenty four nations from five continents were represented, and the A.I.B.A. has continued to be the official world federation of amateur boxing ever ... more details
A referee technical decision RTD is a term used in boxing when a fight ends because a fighter refuses to continue or a fighter s corner refuses to allow the fighter to continue . One of the most famous referee technical decisions occurred in the Muhammad Ali versus Sonny Liston Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay fight on February 25, 1964, in Miami Beach, Florida , the first of their two fights. After six back and forth rounds, Sonny Liston , complaining of a shoulder injury, refused to get up from his stool for the seventh round. The fight went to Muhammad Ali Cassius Clay who, as a result, became the List of Heavyweight Champions World Heavyweight Champion . References reflist Combat sports decisions Category Boxing rules and regulations ... more details
name Shoot boxing br aka Standing Vale tudo focus Hybrid hardness country flagicon JPN ... Kenichi Ogata , Hiroki Shishido olympic No website http www.shootboxing.org Shoot boxing ... chokehold s, armlock s and wristlock s . History Shoot boxing commonly written as Shootboxing ... Abdullah among others. S Cup World Champions S Cup, the Shoot Boxing World Cup, is the 8 man ... style background e3e3e3 Runner up Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2010 2010 flagicon THA Buakaw Por. Pramuk flagicon USA Toby Imada Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2008 2008 flagicon NED Andy Souwer flagicon JPN Kenichi Ogata shoot boxer Kenichi Ogata Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2006 2006 flagicon JPN Kenichi Ogata shoot boxer Kenichi Ogata flagicon NED Andy Souwer Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2004 2004 flagicon NED Andy Souwer flagicon JPN Hiroki Shishido Shoot Boxing World Tournament 2002 2002 flagicon NED Andy Souwer flagicon CHN Zheng Yuhao Shoot Boxing World Tournament 1997 1997 flagicon NLD Rayen Simson flagicon BEL Mohamed Ouali Shoot Boxing World Tournament 1995 1995 flagicon JPN Hiromu ... style background e3e3e3 Runner up Shoot Boxing Girl s Tournament 2011 2011 flagicon JPN Erika Kamimura flagicon KOR Seo Hee Ham Shoot Boxing Girl s Tournament 2010 2010 flagicon JPN Rena Kubota RENA flagicon JPN Ai Takahashi kickboxer Ai Takahashi Shoot Boxing Girl s Tournament 2009 2009 flagicon JPN Rena Kubota RENA flagicon JPN Mei Yamaguchi V.V Mei End box Match form Professional shoot boxing ... and Super heavyweight since 2001. Match judgment One way to win a shoot boxing match is to knock ... and fails to return before a count of twenty. A referee may also rule a fighter knocked out ... of submission. Technical knockouts can also occur in shoot boxing, in cases where the fighter is injured, the referee rules the fighter knocked out after two knockdowns in the same round, or the fighter ... limited to 4 points. Extra points can be awarded at certain points in the match, when the referee makes ... more details
Taylor Outside of boxing Outside the boxing rings, Steele has made a name for himself as a community conscious person, opening a gym, the Richard Steele Boxing Center in Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas ... Nelson Mandela for refusing to referee fights in South Africa while the Apartheid laws were still ... OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Steele, Richard Category 1944 births Category Living people Category Boxing referees ... more details
Boxing may refer to Boxing , the sport Boxing computer science , a process of placing a primitive type within an object so that the primitive can be used as an object lethwei Bando Kickboxing , a Burmese martial art Kickboxing , a sporting martial art Boxing County , in Shandong, China Boxing Day , a holiday Boxing dance , the funk style dance Boxing video game , an Atari 2600 video game Chess boxing , a hybrid sport mixing elements from chess and boxingBoxing Ben Folds Five song Boxing, a Ben Folds Five song on their self titled album from 1995 Boxing the compass , the act of naming all thirty two points of the compass disambig ko sk Boxing ... more details
a system of scoring that enabled the referee to decide the result of a fight. The British Boxing ... is determined by decision. In the early days of boxing, the referee decided the winner by raising ...Distinguish Professional wrestling Image Asikainen Campas.jpg thumb 250px Professional boxing match between Luis Ramon Campas and Amin Asikainen Professional boxing , or prizefighting , emerged in the early twentieth century as boxing gradually attained legitimacy and became a regulated, sanctioned sport. Professional boxing bouts are fought for a purse which is divided between the boxers as determined ... championship belts, establishes rules, and assigns its own judges and referee. Professional bouts are typically ... allowed to take substantial punishment before a fight is halted. Professional boxing has enjoyed a much higher profile than amateur boxing throughout the twentieth century and beyond. In some countries ... Boxers bounce back in Sweden date June 26, 2007 ref professional boxing is banned. Early history Image ... Evolution of Boxing , Boxing gyms.com ref In 1909, the first of twenty two belts were presented ... weight division. The title fight has always been the focal point in professional boxing. In the 19th ... and managers have been instrumental in bringing boxing to new audiences and provoking mass media ... between 1921 and 1927 and ushered in a golden age of popularity for professional boxing in the 1920s ... establish professional boxing after the World War II Second World War and made the UK a popular place ... became the centre for professional boxing. It was generally accepted that the world champions were those ... Gazette , Britannicaonline Online ref After 1920, the National Boxing Association N.B.A. began to sanction ... Boxing Association W.B.A. . The following year, a rival body, the World Boxing Council W.B.C. , was formed ... world body, the International Boxing Federation I.B.F. was formed. By the end of the 20th century, the World Professional Boxing Federation W.P.B.F. was formed, a boxer had to be recognized by the separate ... more details
. On the November 15, 2010 edition of RAW. The referees wore the boxingreferee attire as part .... In Total Nonstop Action Wrestling , referees switch between the striped shirts and the boxingreferee ...unreferenced date March 2007 A professional wrestling referee is the official figure that makes sure that wrestling matches move smoothly in an attempt to maintain kayfabe . The referee also has the ultimate ... figures to reverse a referee s decision, often leading to what s known as a Dusty Finish . Purpose The kayfabe purpose of a pro wrestling referee is to render decisions Pin professional wrestling ... and Charles Robinson wrestling referee Charles Robinson . The purpose of this size discrepancy is purely .... In such an event, the referee raises his hand above his head into an X shape to alert backstage ... will communicate to the referee, if necessary, revised plans to end the match quickly. There is also ... Professional wrestling throws Irish whip Irish whipped by his opponent may clip the referee. While a wrestler would probably only be knocked back in this situation, the referee would most likely .... This is used to explain the ubiquitous distract the referee tactic, used by Heel professional wrestling heel managers to take the referee s attention away from the in ring action, allowing the heel ... . Also known as special guest referee is any match in which the usual referee is replaced with a guest ... referee. In some cases, a special referee is put into a match which is already a different match type or stipulation for example Hell in a Cell with a Special Referee . The special referee will often be biased towards or against one of the competitors or will be assigned as the Special Referee ... one that same night . Special outside referee Also known as Special Enforcer or Special Guest Enforcer is same as the Special Referee but the guest referee stays on the outside of the ring enforcing what the normal referee doesn t see. These guests are sometimes known as enforcers , the most famous ... more details
wikt go the distance The distance , in boxing, refers to the full number of rounds in boxing match es ... a. boxing to complete a bout without being knocked out. Collins English Dictionary Complete & Unabridged ... history section , ref name lotierzo2003 Frank Lotierzo http www.thesweetscience.com boxing article ... boxing is ten rounds or fewer, each round lasting 2 minutes instead of 3 for men. History In the early days of bare knuckle boxing , there was no limit on the number of rounds and so matches would be fought ... boxing under Queensbury rules with gloved hands popular, his matches were of a pre determined length and the referee would decide the winner if they went the distance. ref citation url http books.google.co.uk ...?id aA2LO DGdu4C&pg PA9 title The Boxing Register International Boxing Hall of Fame Official Record ...&pg PA37 title Boxing in San Francisco author F. Daniel Somrack ref For amateur boxing , the Amateur Boxing Association of England set rules for the length of a match when it was formed in 1880. Initially ... in 1926 and 1997 and most recently, in 2000, the International Boxing Association made it four rounds ... shortened In professional boxing, until the 1980s, the championship distance generally referred ... sports boxing news story?id 3107079 Twenty five years is a long time to carry a memory Ray Mancini ... of boxing itself forever . November 13, 2007. ref ref name colgan2004 Don Colgan. http www.e sports.com ... that two people committed suicide as a result. ref name borges2007 Almost immediately, the World Boxing ... name grant2005 JE Grant. http www.thesweetscience.com boxing article 2411 fifteen rounds reexamined ... between Larry Holmes and Lucien Rodriguez . ref name grant2005 The World Boxing Association which then included the World Boxing Organization WBO later followed suit ref name molinaro2005 by voting ... . Oct 24, 1987 ref While the International Boxing Federation continued to hold onto the position ... rounder title fight was a World Boxing Board title match on June 7, 1997 in which Jose Alfredo Flores ... more details
was a professional boxing match between World Boxing Association WBA welterweight champion Miguel Cotto and former International Boxing Federation IBF and World Boxing Organization WBO welterweight champion ... City, and Puerto Rico to promote the world title bout. Cotto and Margarito s aggressive boxing styles led to much praise from multiple boxing writers. Kevin Iole of Yahoo Sports named it the third best boxing match of 2008 and the fight generated 450,000 pay per view buys, the third highest in 2008 for a boxing match. Margarito was later suspected of cheating in this bout after controversy arose ... defenses of the World Boxing Organization WBO light welterweight title, Cotto moved up in weight ... 2, 2006 to win the World Boxing Association WBA welterweight title. ref name BBC cite news title ... hi boxing 6203342.stm accessdate 2008 08 03 ref Cotto s first title defense came against mandatory challenger ... Juan, Puerto Rico . A mandatory challenger is a boxer who is chosen by a boxing organization to fight ... Hopkins publisher World Boxing Council url http www.wbcboxing.com WBCboxing portal cfpages contentmgr.cfm ... not to defend the title against the mandatory challenger, the boxing organization strips him of his ... The Sweet Science date 2004 12 18 url http www.thesweetscience.com boxing article 1469 antonio tarver ... boxing columns story?columnist rafael dan&id 2784728 accessdate 2008 08 07 ref Cotto displayed a dominant ... publisher USA Today date 2007 03 05 url http www.usatoday.com sports boxing 2007 03 04 cotton urkal ... ended in a No contest boxing no contest after a severe cut opened up around Galvan s hairline , which was ruled to have been caused by Judah s elbow. ref cite web last Eberline first Richard title Boxing ... of Judah publisher ESPN.com date 2007 06 12 url http sports.espn.go.com sports boxing news story ... Shane Mosley on November 10, 2007. Mosley had originally set his sights on fighting World Boxing Council ... lineup publisher ESPN.com date 2007 07 27 url http sports.espn.go.com sports boxing columns story ... more details
refimprove date July 2011 Boxing in the 2010s includes notable events about boxing which occurred during ... 12 Jermain Taylor withdraws from the Super Six World Boxing Classic , citing a need to reevaluate ... boxer Manuel Vargas in the third round to defend his interim World Boxing Association WBA world ... boxing match held at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas , drawing more than 41,000 people ... fourth defense of his WBO heavyweight title, and his eighth defense of his IBF and International Boxing ... stage of the Super Six World Boxing Classic . March 27 Erik Morales comes out of a nearly 32 month retirement to defeat Jos Alfaro by unanimous decision and win the World Boxing Council WBC international ... the World Boxing Council WBC flyweight title and vacant The Ring magazine Ring magazine flyweight title. This is the second time Wonjongkam has become the World Boxing Council WBC flyweight champion ... defeats Yasutaka Kuroki by a unanimous decision to retain his World Boxing Council WBC strawweight ... itself got little attention from the boxing media, even though it had been anticipated for many years in the boxing community. Following the rematch, the fight was widely criticized for its heavy ... newly awarded World Boxing Association WBA heavyweight title. April 10 Evander Holyfield , at 47 years of age, knocksout Francois Botha in the eighth round to win the World Boxing Federation WBF heavyweight title. April 10 Andre Berto defeats Carlos Quintana boxer Carlos Quintana via referee stoppage in the eighth round to retain his World Boxing Council WBC welterweight title for the fourth ... s World Boxing Council WBC , WBO , and The Ring magazine Ring magazine middleweight titles. Mart nez ... decision to win Froch s World Boxing Council WBC super middleweight title. The fight was part of the second group stage of the Super Six World Boxing Classic . Following the fight, Froch complained ..., 10 title defense streak and taking his World Boxing Council WBC bantamweight title. The knockout ... more details
, Michigan , USA recognition2 titles small World Boxing Council WBC World Boxing Association WBA International Boxing Federation IBF Middleweight Championship br Undisputed World Middleweight Championship ... right hand. Hearns tied up Hagler again and tried to slow the pace by boxing rather than trading ... round is considered by The Ring magazine The Ring as the greatest round in boxing history , and won ... had no legs under him as he slowed the pace by boxing Hagler. Hearns stumbled several times as he ... boxing southpaw as he found more success countering Hearns jab . By the end of the round, Hagler .... Referee Richard Steele referee Richard Steele halted the action to have the ringside physician ... feet at the count of nine but was unable to continue. Referee Steele stopped the bout as he held Hearns ... DEFAULTSORT War, The Category Boxing fights War Category Boxing in the Las Vegas Valley Category 1985 in boxing ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Boxing in the 1980s was filled with important fights, events and personalities that shaped the sport. Boxing in the 1980s was shaped by many different situations, such as the continuous ... by Muhammad Ali as the sport s ambassador and consequent search for a new boxing hero, the continuous presence of Don King boxing promoter Don King as the sport s most famous promoter, the surge of rival ... Boxing Association WBA side after Ali s retirement and, later on, after longtime World Boxing Council WBC ruler Larry Holmes prime. In addition, the International Boxing Federation IBF and World Boxing Organization WBO began operating. Another important aspect of boxing in the 1980s was the rivalry ... s Middleweight champion. 1980 February 2 Salvador S nchez becomes World Boxing Council WBC world ... Boxing Association WBA world Welterweight champion, knocking out Pipino Cuevas in two rounds in Detroit ... for a good portion of the months before the fight, and it has been alleged that Don King boxing promoter ... Mathebula by knockout in round seven to win the World Boxing Association WBA title, in Soweto, South ... Boxing Council WBC s world Jr. Middleweight title in Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas June 20 Alexis Arg ello becomes the sixth three time world champion in boxing history when he defeats Jim Watt boxer ... 24 Eusebio Pedroza retains his World Boxing Association WBA world Featherweight title with a fifteen ... Ben tez retains his World Boxing Council WBC world Jr. Middleweight title with a fifteen round ... the NFL, wiping out seven games. CBS adds additional boxing telecasts during the strike. November ... Arg ello , who was attempting to become boxing s first four division world champion, in Miami ... which Howard Cosell quits as a boxing commentator, disgusted by what he described as mismatches . December ... Orono retains his World Boxing Council WBC world Jr. Bantamweight championship with a four round knockout over Pedro Romero in Caracas, Venezuela . March the International Boxing Federation IBF surges ... more details
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