LPR may refer to LAN Party Regular Laryngopharyngeal Reflux , a form of acid reflux Lawful Permanent Resident Line Printer Daemon protocol RFC1179 Line Printer Remote service Liga Polskich Rodzin , Polish political party League of the Right of the Republic Liga Prawicy Rzeczypospolitej , Polish political alliance Liquid Panty Remover , humorous reference to alcohol ic drinks License Plate Recognition, Automatic number plate recognition Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe , Emergency medical services in Poland Polish ambulance service Low Power Radio Low power broadcasting broadcasting Low probability of recognition LPR, station code of Long Preston railway station , England LPR filter, Light Pollution Reduction Filter Team L.P.R. , professional cycling team La Palette Rouge, European pallet pool company disambig de LPR es LPR fr LPR nl LPR pl LPR ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Uropathy Image Caption Uropathy DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 N 13 n 10 ICD9 ICD9 599.6 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID In conventional medicine, a uropathy is a disease of the urinary system . Two major types are Obstructive uropathy ref name urlMedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Obstructive uropathy cite web url http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article 000507.htm title MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Obstructive uropathy format work accessdate ref Reflux uropathy ref name pmid3309852 cite journal author Woodard JR, Rushton HG title Reflux uropathy journal Pediatr. Clin. North Am. volume 34 issue 5 pages 1349 64 year 1987 month October pmid 3309852 doi url ref In alternative medicine , uropathy may be used to mean urine therapy . Fact date June 2008 References reflist Nephrology Category Urological conditions med stub ... more details
Bilious vomiting syndrome in dog s is vomiting in response to bile induced inflammation of the stomach. It is also known as reflux gastritis syndrome and duodenal gastric reflux . Bile salts interfere with the gastric mucosal barrier , allowing acid to irritate the stomach lining and cause gastritis . ref name Westermarck 2003 cite journal author Westermarck, Elias Wiberg, Maria title Canine gastritis journal The Veterinary Clinics of North America year 2003 volume 33 pages 978 979 ref Dogs with this condition usually vomit in the morning after not eating all night. Treatment is to feed late at night. H receptor antagonist H2 blocker s and antiemetic s can also be used. Bilious vomiting syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion, meaning that the dog is normal otherwise and no other causes of the vomiting have been found. ref name Ettinger 1995 cite book author Ettinger, Stephen J. Feldman, Edward C. title Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine edition 4th publisher W.B. Saunders Company year 1995 isbn 0 7216 6795 3 ref References references Category Dog diseases Veterinary med stub ... more details
Gerd may refer to Gastroesophageal reflux disease Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD Gerd, character from the Star Wars novel Darth Bane Path of Destruction Gerd Frentzen , character from the Japanese anime Blassreiter Ger r , wife of the god Freyr in Norse Mythology Gross Expenditure on R&D GERD People Expand section date July 2010 Male Gerd Albrecht born 1935 , German conductor Gerd Aretz 1930 2009 , German artist Gerd Kanter born 1979 , Estonian discus thrower Gerd M ller born 1945 , German football player Gerd Oswald 1919 1989 , American film director Gerd von Rundstedt 1875 1953 , German military officer Female Gerd Grieg 1895 1988 , Norwegian actress Disambig de Gerd ja pl Gerd pt Gerd sv Gerd ... more details
Orphan date September 2011 DISPLAYTITLE C sub 13 sub H sub 20 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub The molecular formula C sub 13 sub H sub 20 sub N sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub molar mass 236.31 g mol may refer to Dropropizine , a cough suppressant Levodropropizine Pentifylline Procaine Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. Category Molecular formulas ... more details
1 156 Fulltext . PMID 9884392 ref Likewise, association of the related appetite suppressant phenylpropanolamine ... for use on the civilian market. Indeed, amphetamine itself was sold commercially as an appetite suppressant ..., Wouters E, Aubier M, Simonneau G, Begaud B. Appetite Suppressant Drugs and the Risk of Primary Pulmonary ... about appetite suppressant medication treatment from the Medical College of Wisconsin MeshName ... more details
gastroprokinetic agent , gastrokinetic , or prokinetic , is a type of drug which enhances gastrointestinal motility by increasing the frequency of contraction s in the small intestine or making them stronger, but without disrupting their rhythm. They are used to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal discomfort , bloating , constipation , heart burn , nausea , and vomiting . They are used to treat a number of gastrointestinal disorders , including irritable bowel syndrome , gastritis , gastroesophageal reflux disease acid reflux disease , ref name urlAcid Reflux Symptoms cite web url http www.acidrefluxsymptomse.com acid reflux symptoms.html title Acid Reflux Symptoms format work accessdate 2011 06 23 ref gastroparesis , and functional dyspepsia . Most of these drugs are grouped under ATC code A03 A03F Propulsives ATC code A03F . Pharmacodynamics These drugs may increase acetylcholine concentrations by antagonizing the M1 receptor M sub 1 sub receptor which inhibits acetylcholine release, or by enzyme inhibitor inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase which metabolizes acetylcholine . Higher acetylcholine levels increase gastrointestinal peristalsis and further increase pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter, thereby stimulating gastrointestinal motility, accelerating gastric emptying, and improving gastro duodenal coordination. The 5 HT4 receptor 5 HT sub 4 sub receptor is thought to play a significant role in both the physiology and pathophysiology of GI tract motility. ref Gershon MD, Tack J. The serotonin signaling system from basic understanding to drug development for functional GI disorders. Gastroenterology. Jan 2007 132 1 397 414. ref Therefore, 5 HT sub 4 sub receptors have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for diseases related to Gastrointestinal dysmotility GI dysmotility such as chronic constipation . Some of these prokinetic agents, such as mosapride and cisapride , classic benzamides , have only moderate affinity for ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Contact granuloma , also known as a contact ulcer , is a condition where an ulcer is found in the vocal folds . The most common cause of the condition is sustained periods of increased pressure on the vocal folds, and is commonly seen in people who use their voice excessively such as singers John Mayer Born and Raised John Mayer being the most recent notable case . Gastroesophageal reflux disease is also thought to be a contributing factor in the development of contact ulcers. Symptoms Chronic medicine Chronic or Acute medical acute hoarseness of the voice, vocal fatigue, and throat pain are the primary symptoms. Diagnosis Diagnosis of contact ulcers normally involves an endoscopy examination, and a biopsy sample is taken so that the ulcer can be examined for cancer cancerous cells . Treatment If forceful speaking is the primary cause, treatment involves resting the vocal cords for as long as six weeks, normally followed by vocal therapy so that the patient can be taught how to correctly use the voice. Surgery is also done to remove the ulcers, but this is often considered a last resort as recurrence is common. In cases where contact granuloma is caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease Treatment treatment for it is often initiated. Sources http www.intelihealth.com IH ihtIH WSIHW000 35263 35278 196410.html?d dmtContent Contact Granuloma Contact Ulcer IntelliHealth http www.emedicine.com ent byname contact granulomas.htm Excerpt from Contact Granulomas eMedicine http www.merckmanuals.com home ear nose and throat disorders throat disorders vocal cord contact ulcers.html Vocal Cord Contact Ulcers The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library Category Larynx disorders ... more details
Interventions infobox Name Cystography Image Cysto.jpg Caption Cystography image showing contrast in the urinary bladder and left ureter right side of image . ICD10 ICD9unlinked ICD9proc 87.77 MeshID OPS301 OPS301 3 13f OtherCodes In radiology and urology , a cystography is a procedure used to visualise the urinary bladder . Using an urinary catheter , radiocontrast is instilled in the bladder, and X ray imaging is performed. Cystography can be used to evaluate bladder cancer, vesicoureteral reflux , bladder polyps, and hydronephrosis . It requires less radiation than pelvic CT scan CT , although it is less sensitive and specific than Magnetic resonance imaging MRI or CT. In adult cases, the patient is typically instructed to void three times, after which a post voiding image is obtained to see how much urine is left within the bladder, which is useful to evaluate bladder contraction dysfunction. A final radiograph of the kidneys after the procedure is finished is performed to evaluate for occult vesicoureteral reflux that was not seen during the procedure itself. ref cite web url https www.asrt.org content thepublic aboutradiologicprocedures cystogram.aspx title ASRT Cystogram Information Page accessdate July, 2010 publisher American Society of Radiologic Technologists ref References references See also Cystoscopy Voiding cystourethrogram Cholecystography Urologic procedures Medical imaging Category Urologic imaging Category Projectional radiography med stub it Cistografia nl Cystografie pl Cystografia ru ... more details
File Illu stomach.jpg thumb right The angle of His is formed between the esophagus the tube arriving at the top of the image , and the cardia position 6 The angle of His is the acute angle created between the cardia at the entrance to the stomach, and the oesophagus . It forms a valve, preventing reflux of duodenal bile , enzymes and stomach acid from entering the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation . ref http emedicine.medscape.com article 178393 overview Hiatal Hernia eMedicine Retrieved 30th January 2010 ref The angle is created by the collar sling fibres and the circular muscles around this gastro oesophagal junction. ref cite book title Mastery of surgery, Volume 1 last first authorlink coauthors Josef Fischer K.I. Bland year publisher location isbn page 719 pages url accessdate ref The angle of His is normally undeveloped in infancy, with the oesophagus making a vertical junction with the stomach, and as a result, reflux of stomach contents is common. ref cite book title Principles of Medical Physiology last Sabyasachi first Sircar authorlink coauthors year publisher location isbn 978 1588905727 page 435 pages 852 url accessdate ref References reflist anatomy stub Category Digestive system ... more details
A wet burp is a slang term for a Belching burp where small amounts of liquid are Regurgitation digestion regurgitated . It is similar to vomit ing one who experiences a wet burp often has an acidic burning sensation in their mouth, which can be displeasurable. ref cite web title Acid Reflux Symptoms url http www.webmd.com heartburn gerd guide acid reflux symptoms publisher WebMD accessdate June 28, 2011 ref According to Charles Bourland, a consultant for the NASA NASA Food Technology Commercial Space Center , if one burps in outer space , it is usually wet because the liquid and gas do not separate in the stomach like they do on Earth. ref cite web last Hsu first Jeremy title Beer for Space Tourists More Taste, Fewer Wet Burps url http www.msnbc.msn.com id 43077745 ns technology and science innovation t beer space tourists more taste fewer wet burps publisher msnbc.com accessdate June 28, 2011 ref References Reflist Digestive system and abdomen symptoms and signs Category Slang Category Symptoms and signs Digestive system and abdomen Category Vomiting ... more details
Drugbox IUPAC name 17 methylmorphinan 3 ol image Racemorphan.svg width 250 Clinical data tradename pregnancy category legal status routes of administration Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion Identifiers CAS number 297 90 5 CAS supplemental br CAS 5985 35 3 Hydrobromide HBr ATC prefix ATC suffix PubChem ChemSpiderID 16736212 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII V7R79HN3XD Chemical data C 17 H 23 N 1 O 1 molecular weight 257.37 g mol Racemorphan is the racemic mixture of the two stereoisomer s of 17 methylmorphinan 3 ol, each with differing pharmacology and therapeutic effect effect s Dextrorphan A dissociative drug dissociative hallucinogen NMDA receptor antagonist and cough suppressant . Levorphanol A potent pharmacology potent opioid analgesic . See also Methorphan Morphinan References Reflist 2 Antitussives Hallucinogens Analgesics Anesthetics Cholinergics Glutamatergics Opioids Serotonergics Category Morphinans Category Opioids Category Phenols nervous system drug stub respiratory system drug stub ru fi Rasemorfaani ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2011 Chlorpropham commercial names Bud Nip, Taterpex is a plant growth regulator and herbicide used as a sprout suppressant for grass weeds, alfalfa , lima and snap beans , blueberries , cane berries , carrots , cranberries , ladino clover , garlic , seed grass , onions , spinach , sugar beets , tomatoes , safflower , soybeans , gladioli and woody nursery stock. It is also used to inhibit potato sprouting and for sucker control in tobacco . Chlorpropham is available in emulsifiable concentrate and liquid formulations. Chlorpropham is within the maximum residue limit regulation in Germany germination inhibitors approved for the treatment of potatoes for the purpose of preservation after harvest. Chlorpropham products are approved as a germination inhibitor for potato es in Germany , Austria and Switzerland . External links http webbook.nist.gov cgi cbook.cgi?ID 101 21 3&Units SI US NIST Chemistry WebBook Entry http pmep.cce.cornell.edu profiles extoxnet carbaryl dicrotophos chlorpropham ext.html Toxicology Info Cornell University Category Herbicides de Chlorpropham fr Chlorprophame ... more details
GRD or Grd may refer to Ground Resolved Distance , Electro optical parameter Gastroesophageal reflux disease Global Resources Dividend Greek drachma , the ISO 4217 code for the former currency of Greece Groland , a fictional country Group Racing Developments , a British racing car manufacturer GRD Limited , company Ricoh GR Digital , digital camera Grde a , also known as Grd , Serbian nobility Ground rule double Ground Rule Double , a type of hit baseball hit in baseball disambig de GRD eo GRD fa GRD fr GRD it GRD lt GRD ja GRD ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Hyperchlorhydria refers to the state in the stomach where gastric acid levels are higher than the normal range. In humans, the normal pH is around 1 to 3, which varies throughout the day. The highest basal secretion levels are in the late evening around 12 A.M. to 3 A.M. . Hyperchlorhydria is usually defined as having a pH less than 2. It has no negative consequences unless other conditions are also present such as Gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD . See also Hypochlorhydria Achlorhydria Category GI tract disorders Category Human physiology Med stub it Ipercloridria ... more details
The abdominojugular test AJR , also known as hepatojugular reflex or reflux , is used as an alternate test for measuring jugular venous pressure JVP through the distension or swelling of the internal jugular vein . A positive AJR best correlates with the pulmonary artery pressure and thus is a marker for right heart dysfunction. ref name pmid3415106 cite journal author Ewy G title The abdominojugular test technique and hemodynamic correlates journal Ann Intern Med volume 109 issue 6 pages 456 60 year 1988 pmid 3415106 ref Procedure The doctor presses firmly over either the right upper quadrant abdomen right upper quadrant of the abdomen i.e., over the liver or over the center of the abdomen ref name pmid3415106 for 10 60 seconds with a pressure of 20 to 35 mm Hg while observing the internal jugular vein in the neck and also observing to be sure the patient does not perform a Valsalva maneuver Valsalva maneuver. ref name pmid8594245 cite journal author Cook D, Simel D title The Rational Clinical Examination. Does this patient have abnormal central venous pressure? journal JAMA volume 275 issue 8 pages 630 4 year 1996 pmid 8594245 doi 10.1001 jama.1996.03530320054034 ref On an otherwise healthy individual, the jugular venous pressure remains constant or temporarily rises for a Heart rate heartbeat or two, before returning to normal. This negative result would be indicated by a lack of swelling of the jugular vein. Negative hepatojugular reflux is seen in Budd Chiari syndrome . A positive result is variously defined as either a sustained rise in the JVP of at least 4 cm or more ref name pmid8594245 or a fall of 4 cm or more ref name pmid3415106 after the examiner releases pressure. The AJR has a reported sensitivity tests sensitivity of 24 ref name pmid2182296 ... examination Category Medical signs Category Cardiology ca Reflux hepatojugular es Reflujo hepatoyugular fr Reflux h pato jugulaire ... more details
infobox book name Distillation Design image image caption author Henry Z. Kister language English subject Chemical engineering Distillation design publisher McGraw Hill release date 1992 1st Edition media type Hardback pages 710 isbn 0 07 034909 6 oclc 24142446 Distillation Design is a book which provides complete coverage of the design of industrial distillation Distillation column column s for the Oil refinery petroleum refining , Chemical plant chemical and petrochemical plants, natural gas processing , pharmaceutical , food and Distilled beverage alcohol distilling industries. It has been a classical chemical engineering textbook since it was first published in February 1992. The subjects covered in the book include Vapor liquid equilibrium VLE Vapor liquid K values , Relative volatility relative volatilities , ideal and non ideal systems, phase diagrams, calculating bubble point s and dew point s Key fractional distillation concepts Theoretical plate theoretical stage s, x y diagrams, multicomponent distillation, column composition and temperature profiles Process design chemical engineering Process design and Process optimization optimization minimum reflux and minimum stages, optimum reflux, short cut methods, feed entry location Rigorous calculation methods Bubble point method, sum rates method, numerical methods Newton Raphson technique , inside out method, relaxation method, other methods Batch distillation Simple distillation, constant reflux, varying reflux, time and boilup requirements Tray design and tray efficiency tray types, tray capacities, tray hydraulic parameters, tray sizing and determination of column diameter, point and tray efficiencies, tray efficiency prediction and scaleup Packing design and packing efficiency packing types, packing hydraulics and capacities, determination of packing efficiency by transfer unit method and by HETP method, Packed bed packed column sizing See also Chemical engineer Continuous distillation Fenske equation McC ... more details
A soft diet is recommended in many situations, including some types of dysphagia difficulty swallowing , surgery involving the jaw, mouth or gastrointestinal tract , and pain from newly adjusted dental braces . A soft diet can include many foods if they are mashed, pureed, combined with sauce or gravy, or cooked in soups , stews , Chili con carne chili , or Curry curries . In some situations, there are additional restrictions. For example, patients who need to avoid excessive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease reflux , such as those recovering from esophageal surgery for achalasia , are also instructed to stay away from foods that can aggravate Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease reflux , which include ketchup and other tomato products, citrus fruits, chocolate, mint, spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine. Many of the foods listed here can be adapted for a liquid diet full liquid diet not a liquid diet clear liquid diet by processing in a blender with an appropriate thinning liquid, such as a vegetable or meat broth, fruit or vegetable juice, or milk. Grains starches Baked potato es, skinless, with sour cream or cream cheese Breakfast cereal Cheerios , Cornflakes , Corn Pops , Corn Chex , Rice Krispies , softened soggy in milk Cooked hot cereals such as oatmeal , porridge , Cream of Wheat , grits , Cream of Rice, Farina food Farina , or Weetabix Couscous Lasagne with extra sauce Macaroni & cheese , cooked soft Mashed potatoes and gravy Mashed sweet potatoes Muffins, pancakes, or waffles softened by adding syrup or butter and reheating Gruel Pasta cooked soft Potato salad , mashed Quinoa Rice cooked soft with sauce or gravy Risotto Protein Baked beans , slightly mashed Canned tuna or canned chicken, pureed in blender Chicken salad or tuna salad Cottage cheese Scrambled eggs Eggs, scrambled Enchilada pie Fish cooked soft Meatloaf , meatball s, cottage pie , and other soft dishes with ground meat Nut butter such as peanut butter , almond butter , or cashew butter Refried beans w ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2008 Infobox Disease Name Duodenitis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 K 29 8 k 20 ICD9 ICD9 535.6 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D004382 Duodenitis is inflammation of the duodenum . It may persist acutely or chronically. Causes Known causes of duodenitis include Bacterial infection often by Helicobacter pylori Gastroesophageal reflux disease virus Viral infection NSAIDs Symptoms Known symptoms of duodenitis include Abdominal pain vomiting uncontrollably Diagnosis Diagnosis is generally made by endoscopy and reviewing symptoms. Treatment Treatment is aimed at removing the irritant or infection. Helicobacter pylori infection is usually treated with antibiotics . Gastroenterology Inflammation Category Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum de Duodenitis es Duodenitis lt Duodenitas pt Duodenite ru uk ... more details
wiktionary brash Brash may refer to Thomas Brash Morison 1868 1945 , Scottish politician and judge Brash Brands Brash Entertainment , a video game company Olof the Brash Sekolah Menengah Teknik Ipoh Persiaran Brash Water brash , hypersalivation secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease People with the surname Brash surname Brash Alan Brash 1913 2002 , leading minister of the Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand Don Brash born 1940 , former New Zealand politician Matt Brash, see Zoo Vet at Large Peter Brash born 1954 , American television soap opera writer Thomas Brash 1874 1957 , leading figure in New Zealand s dairy industry See also Brasch Brasher disambiguation disambig Category Given names Category Surnames ... more details
on the basis of the association of gastro oesophageal reflux with the characteristic movement disorder ... seizures is common, particularly where clear signs or symptoms of gastro oesophageal reflux are not apparent ... more details
mL cough suppressant Doxylamine succinate 6.25 mg 15 mL antihistamine hypnotic The capsule ... cough suppressant Doxylamine succinate 6.25 mg pill antihistamine hypnotic NyQuil D NyQuil D ... reducer Dextromethorphan 15 mg 15 mL cough suppressant Doxylamine succinate 6.25 ... Cough s active ingredients are Dextromethorphan 15 mg 15 mL cough suppressant Doxylamine ... ingredients are Chlorpheniramine antihistamine Dextromethorphan cough suppressant Children s NyQuil ... more details
for reflux attributed laryngeal disease journal Laryngoscope volume 117 issue 6 pages 1036 9 year ... implications on disease attributed to Wiktionary laryngopharyngeal reflux laryngopharyngeal reflux . Pepsin remains in the larynx following a gastric reflux event. ref name pmid15564833 cite journal ... isoenzyme III as diagnostic markers for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease journal Laryngoscope volume ..., and Hsp70 response role in laryngopharyngeal reflux disease journal Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. volume ... pH 6.8 pepsin would be inactive but could be reactivated upon subsequent acid reflux events resulting in damage to local tissues. In laryngopharyngeal reflux Pepsin is one of the primary causes of mucosal damage during laryngopharyngeal reflux . ref name pmid4884956 cite journal author ... pH 6.8 following a gastric reflux event. ref name pmid15564833 ref name pmid16466100 While ... subsequent acid reflux events. ref name pmid17417109 Exposure of laryngeal mucosa to enzymatically ... or non acid gastric reflux. Weak or non acid reflux is correlated with reflux symptoms and mucosal ... JA, Bremner CG, DeMeester TR title Omeprazole does not reduce gastroesophageal reflux new insights ... E, Isch JA, et al. Gastroesophageal and pharyngeal reflux detection using impedance and 24 hour ... X, Sifrim D, Castell DO title Acid and non acid reflux in patients with persistent symptoms despite ... of reflux disease journal Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. volume 119 issue 8 pages 547 ... of reflux, ref name pmid19861190 cite journal author Samuels TL, Johnston N title Pepsin as a causal agent of inflammation during nonacidic reflux journal Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg volume ... in carcinogenesis attributed to gastric reflux. Pepsin in airway specimens is considered to be a sensitive and specific marker for laryngopharyngeal reflux. ref name pmid16094128 cite journal author ... of laryngopharyngeal reflux journal Laryngoscope volume 115 issue 8 pages 1473 8 year 2005 month ... more details
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