In statistics , reification is the use of an idealized model of a statistical process. The model is then used to make statistical inference inference s connecting model results, which imperfectly represent the actual process, with experimental observations. Also, ref Everitt,2002 ref a process whereby model derived quantities such as principal components , factor analysis factors and latent variable s are identified, named and treated as if they were directly measurable quantities. Notes references References Everitt, B.S. 2002 Cambridge Dictionary of Statistics 2nd Edition , CUP. ISBN 052181099x Category Multivariate statistics Category Statistical models Category Data analysis statistics stub ... more details
Wiktionarypar reificationReification generally refers to making something reality real , bringing it into being , or making something Concretization concrete . Specifically, reification may refer to Concretization , or making less abstract or less generalized Reification computer science , making a data model for a previously abstract concept Reification fallacy , fallacy of treating an abstraction as if it were a real thing Gestalt psychology ReificationReification in Gestalt psychology , where an object is perceived as having more spatial information than is actually present in the original stimulus Reification knowledge representation , used to represent facts that must then be manipulated in some way Reification linguistics in natural language processing, where a natural language statement is transformed so actions and events in it become quantifiable variables Reification Marxism German Verdinglichung , the consideration of an abstraction or an object as if it had living existence and abilities at the same time it implies the thingification of social relations sometimes called objectification Reificationstatistics , the consideration of a perfect model which is used to make inferences connecting imperfect model results with experimental observations See also Objectification disambig es Reificaci n desambiguaci n he ru ur ... more details
TOC right Reification also known as concretism , or the fallacy of misplaced concreteness is a fallacy .... Note that reification is generally accepted in literature and other forms of discourse where reified abstractions are understood to be intended metaphor ically, ref name auto but the use of reification ... to determine if reification was used correctly or incorrectly. The concept is important because ... is a fallacious reification of the idea as virus metaphor clarify post text are viruses literally ... res thing facere to make, reification can be loosely translated as thing making the turning of something abstract into a concrete thing or object. Theory Reification often takes place when natural or social ... books?id qBzjfDMpvBIC&dq Google Print, p.178 ref Reification can also occur when a word ... beings. When human like qualities are attributed as well, it is a special case of reification, known ... into the state of mind mind of others. Reification may derive from an inborn tendency to simplify ... reification and hypostatisation Sometimes a distinction is drawn between reification and hypostatization based on the kinds of abstractions involved. In reification they are usually philosophical ... corroborated, the reification fallacy applied to scientific constructs is not a fallacy at all ... also known as anthropomorphic fallacy or anthropomorphization is a specific type of reification. Just as reification is the attribution of concrete characteristics to an abstract idea, a pathetic .... ref name about http atheism.about.com library FAQs skepticism blfaq fall reification.htm Reification ... involves attributing intention of a person to an event or situation. This is usually not reification ... fallacy , compared to The train was impatient. reification . Reification fallacy should not be confused ... Reification is commonly found in rhetorical devices such as metaphor and personification . In those ... Informal Fallacy DEFAULTSORT Reification Fallacy Category Logical fallacies de Reifikation pl Reifikacja ... more details
Marxism Reification lang de Verdinglichung , literally making some idea into a thing cf. Latin res meaning ... or living Reification fallacy reification fallacy existence and abilities, when in reality does ... connections yet seems to have powers or attributes which in truth it does not have. Thus reification ... needed date May 2010 Reification in thought occurs when an abstract concept describing a relationship ... in separation. Karl Marx Marx argues that reification is an inherent and necessary characteristic of economic .... Hypostatization refers to an effect of reification which results from supposing that whatever can .... Reification is a specific form of alienation. Commodity fetishism is a specific form of reification. Quotations from Marx showing the use of the concept File Reification Coventry Building Society.jpg ... set apart a specific commodity, say, gold, which becomes the direct reification of universal labour ... of the thing and a reification of the person, for what distinguishes this form from ... of this transformation of all other commodities into linen does it become the direct reification ... is simultaneously the non reification of the laborer, as the reification of a subjectivity opposed ... and a reification of persons. But the relation becomes still more complex&mdash and apparently ... of the concept After Marx, the concept was developed extensively by Georg Luk cs in Reification ... . The concept of reification has also been present in the works of the philosophers of the Frankfurt ... i ek . Petrovi , in A Dictionary of Marxist Thought , defines reification as blockquote The act ... beings which do not behave in a human way but according to the laws of the thing world. Reification ... www.marxists.org archive petrovic 1965 reification.htm ref blockquote Reification occurs when specifically ... , what he called An ideology of reification that sees things everywhere in human relations . ref .... The concept of reification is used in Das Kapital , Marx s most mature Citation needed date February ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Reification in natural language processing refers to where a natural language statement is transformed so actions and events in it become Quantification quantifiable variables. For example John chased the duck furiously can be transformed into something like Exists e chasing e & past tense e & actor e,John & furiously e & patient e,duck . Another example would be Sally said John is mean , which could be expressed as something like Exists u,v saying u & past tense u & actor u,Sally & that u,v & is v & actor v,John & mean v . This is so that statements which seemingly cannot be expressed in classical First order logic first order predicate calculus , due to their use of tense, modality, adverbial constructions, propositional arguments e.g. Sally said that X , etc., can in fact be manipulated using only the tools of classical first order predicate calculus. This is an advantage because predicate calculus is better understood and simpler than the more complex alternatives higher order logics, modal logics, temporal logics, etc. , and there exist better automated tools e.g. automated theorem prover s and model checker s for manipulating it. Reified forms can be used for other purposes besides the application of first order logic one example is the automatic discovery of synonymous phrases. ref Dekang Lin and Patrick Pantel, DIRT Discovery of Inference Rules from Text , 2001 KDD01 Proceedings of the seventh ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining ref ref name Poon Hoifung Poon and Pedro Domingos Unsupervised Semantic Parsing 2009 EMNLP09 Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing ref The reified forms are sometimes called quasi logical forms , and the existential variables are sometimes treated as Skolem constant s ref name Poon ref . See also Reification knowledge representation Reification fallacy Reification computer science References references Category Computational ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Mergeinto reification computer science date July 2009 Expert subject Computer science date February 2009 Context date February 2009 Reification in knowledge representation involves the representation of factual assertions, that are referred to by other assertions which might then be manipulated in some way. e.g., to compare logical assertion s from different witness es in order to determine their credibility . says how it s used but not what it is The message John is six feet tall is an assertion involving truth, that commits the speaker to its factuality, whereas the reified statement, Mary reports that John is six feet tall defers such commitment to Mary. In this way, the statements can be incompatible without creating contradictions in reasoning . For example the statements John is six feet tall and John is five feet tall are mutually exclusive thus, incompatible but, the statements Mary reports that John is six feet tall, and Paul reports that John is five feet tall, are not incompatible, as they both are governed by a conclusive rationale, that either Mary or Paul or both is, in fact, incorrect. See also Reification linguistics Reification fallacy Reification computer science DEFAULTSORT Reification Knowledge Representation Category Knowledge representation ... more details
Other uses Reification disambiguation Mergefrom Reification knowledge representation date July 2009 Reification ... computable addressable object. By means of reification, something that was previously implicit ... or computational manipulation. Informally, reification is often referred to as making something ... languages. It can be applied as a stepwise refinement at system design time . Reification is one of the most frequently used techniques of conceptual analysis and knowledge representation . Reification linguistics In linguistics, reification corresponds to a well known phenomenon called nominalization ... often makes it easier to supply additional clause s to the verb. Reification and reflective programming languages In the context of programming language s, reification is the process by which ... reflective languages , reification data is causally connected to the related reified aspect such that a modification to one of them affects the other. Therefore, the reification data is always a faithful representation of the related reified aspect. Reification data is often said to be made a first class object . Reification, at least partially, has been experienced in many languages to date in early ... C , reification is used to make parametric polymorphism implemented as generics as a first class feature .... The Logtalk framework for Prolog offers a means to explore reification in the context of logic programming . Smalltalk and Actor model Actor languages permit the reification of blocks and message ... of lambda expressions in Lisp, and thisContext which is a reification of the current executing block. Data reification vs. data refinement Data reification stepwise refinement involves finding a more concrete representation of the abstract data type s used in a formal specification . Data reification ... to having a counterpart, such as sequences. The VDM community prefers the word reification ..., part 13 . ref For similar usages, see Reification linguistics . Reification in conceptual modeling ... more details
pp semi sock expiry 18 June 2012 small yes About the field of StatisticsStatistics is the study of the collection ... dict.asp?Word statistics The Free Online Dictionary ref It deals with all aspects of this, including ... have often gained this experience through working in any of a list of fields of application of statistics wide number of fields . There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics that studies statistics mathematically. The word statistics , when referring to the scientific discipline, is singular, as in Statistics is an art. ref cite web url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary statistics title Statistics work Merriam Webster Online Dictionary ref This should not be confused with the word ... Online Dictionary ref whose plural is statistics this statistic seems wrong or these statistics ... . Statistics used in standardized testing assessment are shown. The scales include standard ... in standard nines. TOC limit 3 Scope Some consider statistics to be a mathematical body ... of data , ref Moses, Lincoln E. 1986 Think and Explain with Statistics , Addison Wesley, ISBN 978 ... Lee, 1973 Statistics for the Social Sciences , Holt, Rinehart and Winston, p.xii, ISBN 978 0 03 077945 ... on applications, statistics is usually considered to be a distinct mathematical science rather than a branch of mathematics. ref cite book last Moore first David title Statistics for the Twenty First ... Washington, DC year 1992 pages 14 25 chapter Teaching Statistics as a Respectable Subject isbn 978 ... isbn 978 0 495 05064 3 url http www.rossmanchance.com iscam preface.pdf ref Much of statistics ... comparisons of official statistics reporting of results and summarised data tables and graphs ... with the design of experiments and survey sampling . Statistics also provides tools for prediction and forecasting using data and statistical model s. Statistics is applicable to a wide variety of academic ... a collection of data this is called descriptive statistics . This is useful in research ... more details
Ministry of Statistics may refer to Ministry of Statistics Pakistan , Pakistan Ministry of Statistics & Analysis Minstat , Republic of Belarus Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation India National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia disambig ... more details
National Statistics may refer to the following agencies and government departments Office for National Statistics , the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority. National Bureau of Statistics of China Statistics Sweden National Statistics Office Philippines National Institute of Statistics Romania Vanuatu National Statistics Office Office of National Statistics Algeria National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina National Administrative Department of Statistics , Colombia. National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova See also FedStats The US gateway for national statistical information disambiguation ... more details
Infobox Journal abbreviation Ann. Stat. discipline Statistics website http www.imstat.org aos link1 http projecteuclid.org aos link1 name Project Euclid publisher Institute of Mathematical Statistics country USA history 1973 present impact impact year ISSN 0090 5364 eISSN JSTOR 00905364 The Annals of Statistics is a peer reviewed statistics Academic journal journal published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics . It was started in 1973 as a continuation in part of the Annals of Mathematical Statistics , which was split into the Annals of Statistics and the Annals of Probability . Articles older than 3 years are available on JSTOR , and all articles since 2004 are freely available on the arXiv . External links http www.imstat.org aos Annals of Statistics homepage http projecteuclid.org aos Annals of Statistics at Project Euclid Category Statistics journals de Annals of Statistics ... more details
Pharmaceutical Statistics is a peer review ed scientific journal that publishes papers related to pharmaceutical statistics . It is the official journal of Statisticians in the Pharmaceutical Industry and is published by John Wiley & Sons . Abstracting and indexing Pharmaceutical Statistics is indexed in the following services Current Index to Statistics MEDLINE Science Citation Index Science Citation Index Expanded External links http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 93012805 home Pharmaceutical StatisticsStatistics journals Category Biostatistics journals ... more details
Image Facebook Statistics Europe.png thumb right 350px Facebook statistics in Europe legend 9201c1 over ... 750 million users ref in September 2011. Facebook Statistics The following statistics are the number ... countries . The source uses statistics from the Facebook Advertising tool linked in the section ... small millions small USA 155.12 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics united states May 20, 2011 IDN 36.5 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics indonesia May 20, 2011 GBR 29.7 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics united kingdom May 20, 2011 TUR 28.4 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics turkey May 20, 2011 IND 25.6 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics india May 20, 2011 PHL 23 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics philippines February 6, 2011 MEX 24 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics mexico May 20, 2011 FRA 23.05 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics france October 10, 2011 ITA 17.99 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics italy February 6, 2011 CAN 16.84 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics canada February 6, 2011 DEU 15.496 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics germany February 6, 2011 ARG 12.75 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics argentina February 6, 2011 COL 12.34 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics colombia February 6, 2011 ESP 12.29 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics spain February 6, 2011 TWN 11.75 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics taiwan February 6, 2011 BRA 11.9 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics brazil February 6, 2011 MYS 9.9 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics malaysia February 6, 2011 AUS 9.5 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics australia February 6, 2011 THA 7.8 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics thailand February 6, 2011 VEN 7.7 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics venezuela February 6, 2011 CHL 7.5 http www.socialbakers.com facebook statistics chile February 6, 2011 ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Probability and statistics are two related but separate academic discipline s. Statistical analysis often uses probability distribution s, and the two topics are often studied together. However, probability theory contains much that is of mostly of mathematics mathematical interest and not directly relevant to statistics. Moreover, many topics in statistics are independent of probability theory. See also List of probability topics List of statistical topics Notation in probability and statistics External links http wiki.stat.ucla.edu socr index.php EBook Probability and Statistics EBook http www.cs.sunysb.edu skiena jaialai excerpts node12.html Probability versus Statistics DEFAULTSORT Probability And Statistics Category Probability and statistics Notstub ar eo Probablo kaj statistiko ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Statistical mechanics cTopic Particle statistics Particle Statistics In mathematics and theoretical physics , braid statistics is a generalization of the statistics of boson s and fermion s based on the concept of braid group . A similar notion exists using a loop braid group . See also Braid symmetry Parastatistics Plekton DEFAULTSORT Braid Statistics Category Parastatistics Quantum stub ... more details
otheruses4 journals currently published using the name Communications in Statistics the journal previously published under the name Communications in Statistics. Stochastic Models Stochastic Models Infobox journal title Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods cover discipline Statistics abbreviation publisher Taylor & Francis country history 1970 present frequency 20 year openaccess impact 0.406 impact year 2009 website http www.tandf.co.uk journals titles 03610926.asp link1 link1 name ISSN 0361 0926 eISSN 1532 415X LCCN OCLC 48483352 JSTOR Infobox journal title Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation cover discipline Statistics publisher Taylor & Francis country abbreviation history 1972 present frequency Bimonthly openaccess impact 0.383 impact year 2009 website http ... OCLC 48483321 JSTOR Communications in Statistics is a peer review peer reviewed scientific journal that publishes papers related to statistics . It is published by Taylor & Francis in two series, Theory and Methods and Simulation and Computation . Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods This series .... It publishes 20 issues each year. Abstracting and indexing Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods is indexed in the following services Current Index to Statistics Science Citation Index Expanded Zentralblatt MATH Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation This series started publishing in 1972, and publishes papers related to computational statistics . It publishes 6 issues each year. Abstracting and indexing Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation is indexed in the following services Current Index to Statistics Science Citation Index Expanded Zentralblatt MATH External links http www.tandf.co.uk journals titles 03610926.asp Communications in Statistics Theory and Methods http www.tandf.co.uk journals titles 03610918.asp Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation Statistics journals Category Computational statistics journals Category Statistics ... more details
within the subject of statisticsStatistics pertains to the collection, analysis, interpretation ... of statistics misused for making informed decisions in all areas of business and government . Nature of statisticsStatistics can be described as all of the following Academic discipline one with academic ... considered subfields of mathematics proper. Statistics, for example, is mathematical in its ..., though closely allied, field. History of statistics History of statistics Founders of statistics History of probability Timeline of probability and statistics Describing data Descriptive statistics Average Mean Median Mode statistics Mode Statistical dispersion Measures of scale Variance Standard ... design Statistical survey Opinion poll Sampling Sampling distribution Sampling statistics sampling ... Principal component analysis PCA Factor analysis Cluster analysis Robust statistics Filtering data ... inference Mathematical statistics Likelihood function Exponential family Bayesian inference ... M estimator Non parametric statistics Nonparametric regression Kernel statistics Kernels Probability ... statistics Computational statistics &ndash Markov chain Monte Carlo Statistics software Free statistical software List of statistical packages Statistics organizations List of academic statistical associations List of national and international statistical services Statistics publications List of statistics journals List of important publications in statistics List of scientific journals in statistics Persons influential in the field of statistics List of statisticians See also Portal Statistics Index of statistics articles Glossary of probability and statistics Notation in probability and statistics Outline of probability Combinatorics Monte Carlo method Simulation List of fields of application of statistics List of graphical methods Lists of statistics topics External links sisterlinks StatisticsStatistics outline footer Category Outlines Statistics Category Statistics Category ... more details
notability Organizations date October 2010 Straight Statistics is a United Kingdom based pressure group established by journalists and statisticians with the aim of detecting and exposing the distortion and misuse of statistical information, and identifying those responsible in order to restore public confidence in statistics . ref http www.straightstatistics.org about us About Us Straight Statistics Bot generated title ref Activities The organisation s main form of activism is to present articles on its website, showing statistics that have been twisted for poltiical, personal or business purposes and then demonstrating the truth of the matter. ref http www.newscientist.com article mg20527525.500 barefoot statistics data for the people.html ref References Reflist External links http www.straightstatistics.org Straight Statistics Website See also More or Less radio programme UK Statistics Authority Category Statistical organizations ... more details
Environmental statistics is the application of statistics statistical methods to environmental science . It covers procedures for dealing with questions concerning both the natural environment in its undistrurbed state and the interaction of humanity with the environment. Thus weather, climate, air and water quality are included, as are studies of plant and animal populations. Environmental statistics covers a number of types of study ref Manly B.F.J. 2001 Statistics for Environmental Science and Management , Chapman & Hall CRC. ISBN 1 58488 029 5 ref Baseline studies to document the present state of an environment to provide background in case of unknown changes in the future Targeted studies to describe the likely impact of changes being planned or of accidental occurrences Regular monitoring to attempt to detect changes in the environment. See also Coordination of Information on the Environment Environmental studies References Reflist External resources http www.ceser.in ijees.html International Journal of Ecological Economics & Statistics IJEES Statistics state collapsed Category Fields of application of statistics Category Environmental statisticsstatistics stub environment stub ... more details
Refimprove date September 2009 Business statistics is the science of good decision making in the face of uncertainty and is used in many disciplines such as financial analysis , econometrics , auditing , production and operations including services improvement, and marketing research. ref Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , http pubs.amstat.org page jbes aims and scope Aims and Scope. br http www.amstat.org publications jbes.cfm Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , American Statistical Association. ref These sources feature regular repetitive publication of series of data. This makes the topic of time series especially important for business statistics. It is also a branch of applied statistics working mostly on data collected as a by product of doing business or by government agencies. It provides knowledge and skills to interpret and use statistical techniques in a variety of business applications. A typical business statistics course is intended for business majors, and covers statistical study, descriptive statistics collection, description, analysis, and summary of data , probability, and the binomial and normal distribution s, test of hypotheses and confidence intervals, linear regression , and correlation. See also Economic data Economic statistics Notes Reflist References Diane Morien,D. 2007 Business Statistics , Thomson Learning Nelson. ISBN 9780170131476 DEFAULTSORT Business Statistics Category Business Category Fields of application of statisticsstatistics stub ... more details
Primarysources date September 2007 File Statistics norway library.jpg thumb Statistics Norway library Statistics Norway lang no Statistisk sentralbyr , abbreviated to SSB is the Norway Norwegian statistics bureau. It was established in 1876. Relying on a staff of about 1,000, Statistics Norway publish about 1,000 new statistical releases every year on its web site. All releases are published both in Norwegian and English. In addition a number of edited publications are published, and all are available on the web site for free. As the central Norwegian office for official government statistics, Statistics Norway provides the public and government with extensive research and analysis activities. It is administratively placed under the Ministry of Finance Norway Ministry of Finance ref United Nations Statistics Division Act relating to official statistics and Statistics Norway the Statistics Act Act No. 54 of 16 June 1989 http unstats.un.org unsd dnss docViewer.aspx?docID 220 ref but operates independently from all government agencies. Statistics Norway has a board appointed by the government. It relies extensively on data from registers, but are also collecting data from surveys and questionnaires, including from cities and municipalities. History Statistics Norway was originally established in 1876. The Statistics Act of 1989 provides the legal framework for Statistics Norway s activities. See also Kostra ystein Olsen Director General since 2005 References references External links http www.ssb.no english Official Statistics Norway site Category Norwegian government agencies Category 1876 establishments in Norway Category Government agencies established in 1876 Category National statistical services norway gov stub et Statistika Keskb roo Norra sw Takwimu za Norwei no Statistisk sentralbyr nn Statistisk sentralbyr ru sv Statistisk sentralbyr ... more details
Ecclesiastical Statistics is the practice that many churches have of trying to actively count their congregants. The French Annuaire pontifical catholique used to provide global statistics on the Roman Catholic Church. ref CathEncy wstitle Ecclesiastical Statistics ref Today such global statistics arranged by country and continent are given in the Statistical Yearbook of the Church and arranged by diocese in Annuario Pontificio . References reflist Category Roman Catholic Church organisation RC stub ... more details
Infobox Journal title Statistics Surveys cover editor Wendy L. Martinez discipline Statistics language English abbreviation publisher American Statistical Association , Bernoulli Society , Institute of Mathematical Statistics , Statistical Society of Canada country USA, The Netherlands, USA, Canada frequency history begun 2007 openaccess yes license impact impact year website http www.i journals.org ss link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 1935 7516 eISSN Statistics Surveys is an open access publishing open access electronic journal, founded in 2007, that is jointly sponsored by the American Statistical Association , the Bernoulli Society , the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the Statistical Society of Canada . It publishes review articles on topics of interest in statistics . Wendy L. Martinez serves as the coordinating editor. External links http www.i journals.org ss index.php Official page sci journal stub Category Mathematics journals Category Statistics journals Category Publications established in 2007 de Statistics Surveys ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Merge Economic data date July 2011 Economic statistics is a topic in applied statistics that concerns the data collection collection , processing, compilation, dissemination, and data ... statistics , but for this usage see economic data . The data of concern to economic statistics may include those of an economy of region, country, or group of countries. Economic statistics may also refer to a subtopic of official statistics for data produced by official organizations e.g. List of national ... within economic statistics both make use of and provide the empirical data needed in economic ... , business , finance , ref Journal of Business and Economic Statistics , http pubs.amstat.org ... & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association. ref ref Charles J. Bullock, 1919. http www.jstor.org stable 1928753 Prefatory Statement, Review of Economic Statistics , 1 1 , unnumbered ... Statistics , 1 1 , pp. 1 4. br Eric Ghysels and Alastair Hall, 2002. Editors Introduction to Twentieth Anniversary Commemorative Issue, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics , 20 1 , pp ... and of how best to collect in any given instance. See also Business statistics Census of production Notes Reflist References R. G. D. Allen Allen, R. G. D. , 1956. Official Economic Statistics, Economica ... to the Methods of Economic Statistics , AW Shaw Co. Giovanini, Enrico, 2008. http www.oecd.org statistics understandingeconomicstatistics Understanding Economic Statistics . OECD Publishing. ISBN 978 92 64 03312 2 Fox, Karl A., 1968. Intermediate Economic Statistics , Wiley. http orton.catie.ac.cr .... Kane, Edward J., 1968. Economic Statistics and Econometrics , Harper and Row. Oskar Morgenstern ... Press. Mirer, Thad W., 1995. Economic Statistics and Econometrics , 3rd ed. Prentice Hall. http ... of Economic Statistics, Publications of the American Statistical Association , 12 92 .... Introductory Statistics for Business and Economics , 4th ed., Wiley. Ullah, Aman, and David E. A. Giles ... more details
ad date February 2012 coi date February 2012 Statistics Denmark lang da Danmarks Statistik is a Denmark ... is responsible for creating statistics on the Danish society, for example employment statistics, trade balance , and demographics . Statistics Denmark is internationally recognized for its large ... day 9.00 am CET and contains all new statistics. The statistics can be presented as cross tables ... a Danish version. Role of Statistics Denmark Statistics Denmark provides essential information to politicians, other decision makers, the general public, scholars, etc. Centralised production of statistics The production of statistics in Denmark is highly centralised. Statistics Denmark is responsible ... by Statistics Denmark work. Independence The cornerstone of statistics The Act on Statistics ... programme, thus allowing Statistics Denmark to operate independently of Government control. Access to data is secured under the Act The Act on Statistics Denmark grants access to the basic data necessary to produce the statistics. The Act states that public authorities must supply the information they possess when requested to do so by Statistics Denmark. Decisions on this must be settled by the Board ..., Statistics Denmark has striven to develop a statistical system which is almost .... Only aggregated figures may be passed on to users and the basic information collected by Statistics ... made aware of new statistics via the press by News from Statistics Denmark which can also be downloaded from their web page. Internet Statistics Denmark is on the Internet with a homepage containing information about Statistics Denmark and our products. All publications can be ordered via the internet. The Internet is gradually becoming the main channel for the dissemination of statistics. Data banks Statistics Denmark s electronic data bank Statbank.dk is available free of charge in Danish or English for any user. It includes almost all statistics produced in house. When new general statistics ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
