, 1808 Romanticism or the Romantic era Period was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement ... web author Encyclop dia Britannica url http www.britannica.com eb article 9083836 title & 39 Romanticism ... of human activities as conditioned by nature in the form of language and customary usage. Romanticism ... over Enlightenment rationalism, the ideologies and events of the French Revolution laid Romanticism and the French Revolution the background from which both Romanticism and the Counter Enlightenment emerged. The confines of the Industrial Revolution also had their influence on Romanticism, which ... arts Realism was offered as a polarized opposite to Romanticism. ref A remarkable thing, continued Bazarov .... 4 1862 ref Romanticism elevated the achievements of what it perceived as heroic individualists and artists ... of its ideas. Defining Romanticism Basic characteristics Defining the nature of Romanticism may be approached ... from nothingness , is key to Romanticism, and to be derivative was the worst sin. ref name Ruthven01p40 ... and is repetitive. The concept of absolute originality is a contemporary one, born with Romanticism ... of Romanticism Stanford University Press, 1995 p.28. ref File Blake The Girl Found 2.jpg thumb ... to Romanticism, but so widespread as to be normative, was a strong belief and interest in the importance ... Berlin , Romanticism embodied a new and restless spirit, seeking violently to burst through old and cramping ... I left it four or five years ago . ref Christiansen, 241 ref It is only from the 1820s that Romanticism ... The period Unsurprisingly, given its rejection on principle of rules, Romanticism is not easily defined ... described as Late Romantic and were composed in 1946 48. ref The lied mirror of late romanticism ... with the political and social turmoil that went along with them, served as the background for Romanticism ... in history The more precise characterization and specific definition of Romanticism has been the subject ... was in many countries strongly associated with Romanticism, as discussed in detail below ... more details
The Irony of Romanticism was a short lived alternative arts publication published during the early 1980s by the writer and critic Ian McKay writer Ian McKay . Contributors to the publication included, the artist Chris Samms , musician and video artist Nicholas Rye , and the English designer Vaughan Oliver . Interviews carried in Issue 1 of the publication included transcripts of conversations with members of Xmal Deutschland and Lisa Gerard and Brendan Perry Dead Can Dance . DEFAULTSORT Irony Of Romanticism Category Fanzines Category Art magazines Category Zines ... more details
Italic title Romanticism print ISSN 1354 991X , online ISSN 1750 0192 is a triannual Peer review peer reviewed academic journal dedicated to Romanticism Romantic studies , focusing on the period 1750 1850. It was established in 1995 and is published by Edinburgh University Press . External links Official http www.euppublishing.com journal rom journal stub Category Publications established in 1995 Category History journals Category Triannual journals Category Edinburgh University Press academic journals Category English language journals ... more details
Refimprove date August 2009 Notability date August 2009 Studies in Romanticism is a journal of English literature English Literature and Romanticism . It is a quarterly journal, published by Boston University . ref cite web url http web.tongji.edu.cn wenkeban qikan as.htm title 102 publisher web.tongji.edu.cn accessdate 2009 08 17 last first ref To visit the journal s webpage, click http www.bu.edu sir here . References reflist Category Literary magazines ... more details
Ultra Romanticism lang pt Ultrarromantismo was a Portugal Portuguese and Brazil ian literary movement that occurred during the 1840s , 1850s and the early 1860s . It is aesthetically similar to but not exactly the same as the Literature of Germany German and Literature of United Kingdom British originated Dark Romanticism . In Brazil, it is called the second phase of the Literature of Brazil Romanticism Brazilian Romanticism , being preceded by the Indianism arts Indianism and succeeded by the Condorism . In Portugal, the first Ultra Romantic piece was the poem O noivado do sepulcro The tombstone engagement by Ant nio Augusto Soares de Passos , while in Brazil the first major Ultra Romantic works were the books Lira dos Vinte Anos Twenty year old Lyre and Noite na Taverna A Night at the Tavern by lvares de Azevedo . Characteristics The Ultra Romanticism changed the ways of the Romanticism in Brazil. Values such as nationalism and valorization of the Indigenous peoples in Brazil Indian as the Brazilian national hero, a constant theme of the Indianism arts previous Brazilian Romantic generation , are now almost, if not completely, absent. This new generation, heavily influenced by German Romanticism and works by Lord Byron and Alfred de Musset , among others, now focalizes in obscure and macabre themes, such as pessimism , Satanism , longing for death, past and childhood, and the mal du si cle . Love is heavily idealized, platonic love platonic and almost always unrequited love unrequited , and the presence of a strong egocentrism and exacerbated sentimentalism literature sentimentalism ... right Ant nio Augusto Soares de Passos , creator of the Ultra Romanticism Ant nio Augusto Soares de ... 1826 1864 Jo o Cardoso de Meneses e Sousa, Baron of Paranapiacaba 1827 1915 See also Romanticism German Romanticism Sturm und Drang Mal du si cle Noite na Taverna Dark Romanticism External links http ... American literature Category European literature Category Romanticism de Ultra Romantismo fr Ultra romantisme ... more details
for the album by Primordial Dark Romanticism album OriginalResearch date March 2011 File Edgar Allan Poe portrait B.jpg right thumb Edgar Allan Poe is among the more important authors of Dark Romanticism Dark Romanticism often conflated with Gothicism or called American Romanticism is a literary subgenre . ref http library.thinkquest.org C0126184 english litamericandark.htm Dark Romanticism The Ultimate Contradiction ref It has been suggested that Dark Romantics present individuals as prone to sin and self destruction , not as inherently possessing divinity and wisdom . G. R. Thompson describes this disagreement, stating the Dark Romantics adapted images of anthropromorphic anthropomorphized evil in the form of Satan , devil s, ghost s, werewolve s, vampire s, and ghoul s. ref name thompson Thompson, G. R., ed. Introduction Romanticism and the Gothic Tradition. Gothic Imagination Essays in Dark Romanticism. Pullman, WA Washington State University Press, 1974 p. 6. ref For these Dark Romantics, the natural world is dark, decaying, and mysterious when it does reveal truth to man, its revelations are evil and hellish. Finally, whereas Transcendentalists advocate social reform when appropriate, works of Dark Romanticism frequently show individuals failing in their attempts to make changes for the better. Thompson sums up the characteristics of the subgenre, writing blockquote Fallen ... fiction British authors writing within the movement of Romanticism , such as Lord Byron , Samuel ... darkrweb.htm University of Delaware Dark Romanticism ref Their tales and poems commonly feature outcasts ... salvation or destruction. fact date December 2010 Remarkable authors Dark romanticism was particularly ... portal Novels Ultra Romanticism Noite na Taverna lvares de Azevedo Transcendentalism References reflist ... links http www.libarts.wsu.edu english Journals PoeStudies Poe Studies Dark Romanticism Journal Horror ... 19th century books Category Edgar Allan Poe Category Moby Dick Category Romanticism Category ... more details
Post romanticism or Postromanticism refers to a range of cultural products and attitudes emerging in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, after the period of Romanticism . Herman Melville and Thomas Carlyle are post Romantic writers. ref Robert Milder, Exiled Royalties Melville and the Life We Imagine , Oxford University Press US, 2006, p41. ISBN 0195142322 ref Flaubert s Madame Bovary is a post Romantic novel. ref Stephen Heath, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary , Cambridge University Press, 1992, p13. ISBN 0521314836 ref The period of post romanticism in poetry is defined as the late nineteenth century, and includes the poetry of Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson Tennyson . ref Richard Bradford, A Linguistic History of English Poetry , Routledge, 1993, p134. ISBN 0415070570 ref Post Romanticism in music Post romanticism in music referred to romantic music Romantic composers who would use musical form forms that were found typically in the Classical music Classical and Baroque music Baroque while still retaining aspects of the Romantic era. Among the most well known Post Romantic composers are Puccini Giacomo Puccini and Sergei Rachmaninov . Arthur Berger in an interview with Virgil Thomson describes the mysticism of La Jeune France as post Romanticism rather than Neoromanticism music neo Romanticism . ref Thomson, Virgil. 2002. Virgil Thomson A Reader Selected Writings, 1924 1984 , edited by Richard Kostelanetz, p.268. New York Routledge. ISBN 0415937957. ref Hans Pfitzner also wrote post Romantic works such as his opera Palestrina . Quite unlike Late Romantic composers such as Richard Strauss and Alexander Scriabin , the composers of the Post Romantic created music that would use either or both traditional form and harmony . B la Bart k , for example, in such Strauss ... & Company, 2006. Pappas, Sara. Review of Romanticism and Postromanticism. Nineteenth Century French ..., 2008. Tilby, Michael. Review of Romanticism and Post Romanticism. French Studies A Quarterly Review ... more details
Romanticism , also known as the Age of Reflection, describes the intellectual movement from 1800 1840 ... 18th century. Romanticism incorporated many fields of study, including art , music , poetry ... s of the 19th century. ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences , p.xxi. ... to not only mankind but to nature as well. ref Bossi, M., and Poggi, S., ed. Romanticism in Science Science in Europe, 1790 1840, p.xii. ref Romanticism set forth different themes it was anti reductionism ...., and Poggi, S., ed. Romanticism in Science Science in Europe, 1790 1840, p.xiv. ref The decline of Romanticism ... with the Enlightenment and preferred a new approach to science, people lost interest in Romanticism ... Germany in the first half of the 19th century. ref Bossi, M., and Poggi, S., ed. Romanticism in Science Science in Europe, 1790 1840, p.xii Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences ... exist with nature. ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences, p.3 4. ref ... Vesalius anatomy . Principles of RomanticismRomanticism had four basic principles the original ..., N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences, p.4. ref The above mentioned Golden Age is a reference ... approach that marked Enlightenment thinking. ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism ... as a great instrument. ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences ..., as it was considered too controlling. ref Bossi, M., and Poggi, S., ed. Romanticism in Science Science ..., love and worship, a personal response. ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences ... nature. Self understanding was an important aspect of Romanticism. It had less to do with proving ... it through a harmonious co existence. ref Bossi, M., and Poggi, S., ed. Romanticism in Science Science in Europe, 1790 1840, p.xiv Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences .... ref Cunningham, A., and Jardine, N., ed. Romanticism and the Sciences, p.15. ref It was also ... more details
Culture of Poland sidebar Romanticism in Poland was a literary, artistic and intellectual period in the evolution of Polish culture that began around 1820, coinciding with the publication of Adam Mickiewicz s first poems in 1822. It ended with the suppression of the January Uprising January 1863 Uprising against the Russian Empire in 1864. The latter event ushered in a new era in Polish culture known as the Positivism in Poland Positivism . ref name CM Czes aw Mi osz , http books.google.ca books?id R MkT9vavwIC&lpg PA259&ots UfbSfl Gxk&dq 22Teofil 20Lenartowicz 22 20life&pg PA195 v onepage&q Chapter 20Romanticism&f false The history of Polish literature. IV. Romanticism. Pages 195 280. Google Books . University of California Press , 1983. nowrap ISBN 0520044770. Retrieved October 7, 2011. ref Polish Romanticism, unlike Romanticism elsewhere in Europe, was not limited to literature literary and art istic concerns. Due to specific Polish historic experiences, notably the partitions of Poland , it was also an idealistic, political and philosophical movement that expressed the ideas and way of life of a large portion of the Polish people. History Polish Romanticism had two distinct periods 1820 1832, and 1832 1864. In the first period, Polish Romantics were strongly influenced by other European Romantics. Their art featured emotion alism and irrationality , fantasy and imagination, cult ... and Stanis aw Moniuszko inspired the development of Polish Romantic arts. One of Polish Romanticism s unique qualities was its relation to and inspiration from Polish history . Polish Romanticism ... connection between Polish Romanticism and Polish history became one of the defining qualities of the literature of Polish Romanticism period, differentiating it from that of other countries. They had ... Romanticism In Poland Category Cultural history of Poland Category History of Poland 1795 1918 Category Romanticism bg it Romanticismo in Polonia pl Literatura polska romantyzm ... more details
by Carl Dahlhaus who uses it as synonymous with late Romanticism . It has been applied to contemporary ... observation. These artists tend to draw their inspiration from artists of the age of high romanticism .... Neo romanticism is often accused by critics Weasel inline date March 2011 of being too ... and the idealised spiritual haunted landscape. A more persuasive criticism is that neo romanticism lacks an adequate conception of evil in the modern world. Citation needed date March 2011 Neo romanticism tended to shed somewhat the emphasis of Romanticism on the hero and romantic nationalism ... Commented out because image was deleted Image Flying Dutchman.jpg right 200px thumb Neo romanticism sample, br by George Grie In Britain 1880 to 1910 Neo romanticism emerged strongly in the period ... Palmer and William Blake via high Romanticism , to the neo romanticism that flowered between 1880 ... heritage at a time of war. 1955 1975 Neo romanticism suffered neglect in the art world ... see neo romanticism emerging in the serious science fiction and fantasy writing of the period. Benjamin ... and the use of the innocent boy as a motif. 1975 present Neo romanticism continues, to this day ... the so called New Romantic movement as an offshoot of New Wave music New Wave . Neo romanticism can ... Romanticism Gothic tinged variety of neo romanticism abounds in modern popular culture , often aimed ... Discontents English Neo Romanticism and the Transformation of Anti Modernism in Twentieth Century Western .... The Neo Romantic Movement in Literature, in New Essays in Criticism 1903 . See also Romanticism ... Neoromanticism DEFAULTSORT Neo Romanticism Category Neo romanticism Category Art movements Category ... more details
Key figures of German romanticism include div style moz column count 2 column count 2 Johann ... in Culture, in European Romanticism A Brief History with Documents. Ed. W. Breckman. New York Bedford ... 1 4223 7467 X. Grewe, Cordula. Painting the Sacred in the Age of German Romanticism . Aldershot Ashgate .... ISBN 978 3 446 20944 2. Siegel, Linda. Caspar David Friedrich and the Age of German Romanticism ... Romanticism Prussian virtues References reflist External links commons category Romanticism ... html En 04 2003 hm4 2 046.html Hermitage Museum Archive Romanticism Category Romanticism ... more details
Vegetarianism and Romanticism refers to the rise of vegetarianism during the Romanticism movement in Western Europe from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century. England, Germany, and France were most affected by the turn to a predominantly meatless diet during this time. Vegetarianism during the Romantic Period was ubiquitous and widespread, stemming primarily from literary influence as well as from new ideas about anthropology, consumerism, and evolution. Vegetarianism in the Romantic Period may also have been impacted by views on humanism as well as by the Age of Enlightenment during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The shift to vegetarianism was led by a number of literary contemporaries, most notably Percy Shelley 4 August 1792 8 July 1822 , who wrote a number of essays supporting such a lifestyle. Other vegetarian promoters included Alexander Pope 21 May 1688 30 May 1744 , Thomas Tryon 6 September 1634 21 August 1703 , and Joseph Ritson 2 October 1752 23 September 1803 . Romantic Support for Vegetarianism History Though many scholars identify the origin of the vegetarian movement with the establishment of the Vegetarian Society , in 1847, vegetarianism dates back long before the formation of this organization. The confusion here may lie in the fact that until .... ref Morton, Timothy, Cultures of Taste Theories of Appetite Eating Romanticism New York Palgrave .... ref Morton, Timothy, Cultures of Taste Theories of Appetite Eating Romanticism New York ..., Romanticism. Vol. 12, Issue 1. pp. 52 61 ref Alexander Pope Alexander Pope 1688 1744 ... existence. ref Joseph Ritson, Percy Shelley, and the Making of Romantic Vegetarianism, Romanticism ... Theories of Appetite Eating Romanticism New York Palgrave Macmillan. 2004. Morton, Timothy, Joseph Ritson, Percy Shelley and the Making of Romantic Vegetarianism, Romanticism. Vol. 12, Issue 1. pp. ... Vegetarianism And Romanticism Category Vegetarianism Category Romanticism ... more details
on the altar of the Rhine romanticism. The viewer is looking due south and at this latitude, one ... Koehler Views of the Rhine and Ahre Footnotes references DEFAULTSORT Rhine Romanticism Category ... more details
New Romanticism also referred to as blitz kids and by a wide variety of other names , ref name Cateforis2011pp47 8 T. Cateforis, http books.google.com books?id MVrM3zKrHQC&pg PA48&dq 22new romantic 22 blitz&hl En&ei oiwtToWeKpOs8QP4t D5Cw&sa X&oi book result&ct book thumbnail&resnum 2&sqi 2&ved 0CDAQ6wEwAQ v onepage&q 22new 20romantic 22 20blitz&f false Are We Not New Wave? Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s University of Michigan Press, 2011 , ISBN 0 472 03470 7, pp. 47 8. ref was a pop culture movement in the United Kingdom that began around 1979 and peaked around 1981. Developing in London nightclubs such as Billy s and The Blitz and spreading to other major cities in the UK, it was based around flamboyant, eccentric fashion and New Wave music . Several music acts from the era adopted the style of the movement and became known to epitomise it within the music and mainstream press, including Ultravox , Visage , Duran Duran , Spandau Ballet , ABC band ABC and Boy George of Culture Club . Adam and the Ants were also labelled as New Romantic by the press, although they had no direct connection to the original scene. ref name Cateforis2011pp47 8 A number of these bands adopted synthesizer s and helped to develop synthpop in the early 1980s, which, combined with the distinctive New Romantic visuals helped them first to national success in the UK and, with help of MTV to play a major .... New Romanticism can be seen as a reaction to punk, ref name Borthwick&Moy2004p132 S. Borthwick ..., including frilly fop Poet shirt shirts in the style of the English Romanticism Romantic period, ref ... Faber and Faber, 2005 , ISBN 0 571 21570 X, p. 523. ref In the mid 1990s, New Romanticism was the subject .... ref In the same period New Romanticism was also an inspiration for the short lived romo musical movement ... music Category Youth culture in the United Kingdom Category Musical subcultures Category Neo romanticism ... pt New Romanticism ru sk New Romantic fi New Romantic sv New romantic tr Yeni Romantik ... more details
, Katherine. Stoned Shelley Revolutionary Tactics and Women under the Influence. Studies in Romanticism ... the Influence. Studies in Romanticism. Trustees of Boston University, WInter 2009. Vol. 48. Issue ... in Romanticism. Trustees of Boston University, WInter 2009. Vol. 48. Issue 4. pp. 687 707 ... September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Opium And Romanticism Category English literature Category Romanticism ... more details
primarysources date October 2009 Romanticism and Victorianism on the Net ISSN 1916 1441 abbr. RaVoN , formerly known as Romanticism on the Net is an international Online journal online Peer review peer reviewed journal dedicated to the study of nineteenth century British literature . It is published four times a year. History The journal was founded in February 1996 as Romanticism on the Net . It expanded in August 2007 to include Victorian literature , changing its name to Romanticism and Victorianism on the Net . External links http www.ron.umontreal.ca Romanticism and Victorianism on the Net journal stub Category Romanticism Category Victorian era Category Art history journals ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2010 notability music date November 2010 Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Dark Romanticism Type demo Artist Primordial band Primordial Cover Released 1993 Recorded Genre Black metal Length 22 12 Label Independent Producer Reviews Last album This album Dark Romanticism br 1993 Next album Imrama br 1995 Dark Romanticism is the 1993 demo from the Irish black metal band Primordial band Primordial . The album was also rereleased in 2004 by Karmageddon Media with four bonus live tracks and an extra DVD featuring the band s performance at the 2003 PartySan Festival in Germany. CD track listing Track listing title1 To Enter Pagan length1 5 49 title2 The Darkest Flame length2 4 33 title3 Among the Lazarai length3 5 49 title4 To the Ends of the Earth length4 6 01 Track listing headline Bonus tracks on the Karmageddon reissue title1 In Graciousness note1 live title2 A Blacker Art note2 live title3 Total Destruction note3 live, Bathory cover title4 To Walk the Infernal Fields note4 live, Darkthrone cover DVD track listing Fallen to Ruin Gods to the Godless Cast to the Pyre The Burning Season Sons of Morrigan To Enter Pagan DEFAULTSORT Dark Romanticism Album Category Primordial albums Category 1993 albums 1990s black metal album stub no Dark Romanticism... Sorrow s Bitter Harvest... more details
File Museu Rom ntic.jpg thumb Can Llopis fa ade The Can Llopis Romanticism Museum lang ca Museu Rom ntic Can Llopis is a museum located in Neoclassical architecture Neoclassical style building in the centre of Sitges and is part of the Barcelona Provincial Council Local Museum Network . Content The Can Llopis Romanticism Museum allows visitors to see what like was like during the transition from the 18th century 18th to the 19th century . ref cite journal last1 Calpena first1 Enric year 2008, december title El discret encant de la burgesia journal S piens volume issue 74 pages 70 publisher doi url issn 1695 2014 language catalan ref The interior decoration is evidence of just how much attention the Romanticism Romantics paid to detail and to each corner of their homes. The Museum also exhibits the antique doll collection of artist and writer Lola Anglada 1892 1984 , which brings together 400 pieces from different countries and epochs 17th 19th centuries . The Romanticism Museum was a museum with two centres, one in Vilanova i la Geltr and the other in Sitges , until 1995, when their management was split. ref cite book title El Museu Rom ntic Can Papiol. Guia first Gou i Vernet last Assumpta publisher Diputaci de Barcelona. rea de Cultura year 2001 ISBN 84 7794 804 6 page language Catalan ref See also Maricel Museum Can Llopis Romanticism Museum Can Papiol Romanticism Museum References Reflist External links Official website http www.museusdesitges.com http www.diba.cat museuslocals nouwebmuseus index.html Local Museum Network site ca Museu Rom ntic Can Llopis es Museo Rom ntico Can Llopis Category Barcelona Provincial Council Local Museum Network Category Romanticism Category Sitges coord 41 14 13 N 1 48 28 E type landmark display title ... more details
Orphan date September 2011 Infobox Historic Site name National Museum of Romanticism native name Museo Nacional del Romanticismo native language Spanish image Museoromanticismo.jpg caption locmapin Spain latitude 40.425869 longitude 3.698839 location Madrid , Spain area built 1924 architect architecture governing body designation1 Spain designation1 offname Museo Nacional del Romanticismo designation1 type Non movable designation1 criteria Monument designation1 date 1962 ref name bic designation1 number RI 51 0001381 The National Museum of Romanticism Spanish language Spanish Museo Nacional del Romanticismo is housed in a late eighteenth century building in Madrid , Spain . It was inaugurated in 1924 and declared Bien de Inter s Cultural in 1962. ref name bic Bien de Inter s Cultural ref The museum, formerly known as the museo r mantico , was reordered in 2009 and relaunched with its current, slightly different name. The museum s exhibits include items related to the Romanticism in Spanish literature romantic writer Mariano Jos de Larra . References reflist External links http museoromanticismo.mcu.es official website Commons category Museo Rom ntico, Madrid el Museo Nacional del Romanticismo Category Museums in Madrid Category Museums established in 1924 Category Romanticism Spain struct stub es Museo Nacional del Romanticismo Madrid ... more details
those of individualism and revolt. ref name christensen , Christensen, Jerome. Romanticism at the End ... references DEFAULTSORT Romanticism And The French Revolution Category Romanticism Category History ... more details
Dragon style can refer to A style of the martial arts called Southern Dragon Kung Fu A Norwegian architectural style called Architecture of Norway Romanticism and historicism Dragon style disambig ... more details
Dianic cult may refer to the cult of Diana goddess the Cult of Herodias in medieval folklore. the Witch cult hypothesis Murray in 19th century Romanticism, invented by Margaret Murray . disambig ... more details
Members of the group Jena Romanticism, which was a first phase of Romanticism in German literature, centred in Jena from about 1798 to 1804. The group was led by the versatile writer Ludwig Tieck . Two members of the group, the brothers August Wilhelm von Schlegel August Wilhelm and Friedrich von Schlegel , who laid down the theoretical basis for Romanticism in the circle s organ, the Athen um, maintained that the first duty of criticism was to understand and appreciate the right of genius to follow its natural bent. The greatest imaginative achievement of this circle is to be found in the lyrics and fragmentary novels of Novalis Friedrich Leopold von Hardenberg . The works of Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich von Schelling expounded the Romantic doctrine in philosophy, whereas the theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher demonstrated the necessity of individualism in religious thought. By 1804 the circle at Jena had dispersed. A second phase of Romanticism was initiated two years later in Heidelberg romantics Heidelberg . References Jena Romanticism. 2009 . In Encyclop dia Britannica. Retrieved November 20, 2009, from Encyclop dia Britannica Online http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 302535 Jena Romanticism Category Romanticism Category Jena be x old pl Romantyzm jenajski ru ... more details
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