about routing in networks Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic. Routing is performed for many kinds of networks, including the PSTN telephone network ... network transportation networks . This article is concerned primarily with routing in electronic data networks using packet switching technology. In packet switching networks, routing directs packet ... routing, though they are not specialized hardware and may suffer from limited performance. The routing process usually directs forwarding on the basis of routing table s which maintain a record of the routes to various network destinations. Thus, constructing routing tables, which are held in the router s Computer storage memory , is very important for efficient routing. Most routing algorithms use only one network path at a time, but multipath routing techniques enable the use of multiple alternative paths. Routing, in a more narrow sense of the term, is often contrasted with bridging ... imply proximity within the network. Because structured addresses allow a single routing table entry to represent the route to a group of devices, structured addressing routing, in the narrow sense ... semantics routing scheme Routing schemes differ in their delivery semantics unicast delivers a message ... delivery on the Internet, and this article focuses on unicast routing algorithms. Topology distribution In a practice known as static routing or non adaptive routing , small networks may use manually configured routing tables. Larger networks have complex network topology topologies that can change rapidly, making the manual construction of routing tables unfeasible. Nevertheless, most of the Public Switched Telephone Network public switched telephone network PSTN uses pre computed routing tables, with fallback routes if the most direct route becomes blocked see routing in the PSTN . Adaptive routing , or dynamic routing, attempts to solve this problem by constructing routing tables ... more details
Edge routing may refer to router computing Routing a moulding on the edge of a piece of timber or other material. Network routing at the edge of a network the routers concerned being called router computing Edge routers By use of an edge routing protocol such as EBGP , By other means. Disambiguation ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Collective routing is routing in which a switching center automatically delivers message s to a specified list of destinations. Collective routing avoids the need to list each single Network address address in the message heading . Major relay stations usually transmit messages bearing collective routing indicators to tributary, minor, and other major relay stations. References FS1037C Category Routing telecomm stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Hybrid routing is the routing of telephone call s in which numbering plan s and routing table s are used to permit the Colocation business colocation , in the same area code , of switches using a deterministic routing scheme with switches using a non deterministic routing scheme, such as flood search routing . Note Routing tables are constructed with no duplicate numbers, so that direct dial service can be provided to all telecommunications network network subscribers. This may require the use of 10 Numerical digit digit telephone number s. FS1037C Category Telephone numbers ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced July 2011 orphan July 2011 Arc routing defines a routing problem regarding the route, not the node s. Normally routing algorithms aim to optimize the way from one node to another, arc routing problems involve finding the most efficient way to cover a complete network in a most effective manner, e.g. for a snowplough . The result of an arc routing problem is a route covering all parts of a network with the minimal amount of deadheading . External links http www.lums.lancs.ac.uk departments ManSci Research ResGroups OArc Arc Routing Problems Category Routing algorithms Comp sci stub ... more details
Expert subject Computer networking date February 2009 Fuzzy routing is the application of fuzzy logic to routing protocol s, particularly in the context of ad hoc wireless network s and in networks supporting multiple quality of service classes. It is currently the subject of research. See also Dynamic routing List of ad hoc routing protocols External links Hui Liu et al., http csdl2.computer.org persagen DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath dl proceedings &toc comp proceedings snpd sawn 2005 2294 00 2294toc.xml&DOI 10.1109 SNPD SAWN.2005.12 An Adaptive Genetic Fuzzy Multi path Routing Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Runtong Zhang et al., http cat.inist.fr ?aModele afficheN&cpsidt 17135186 Fuzzy routing in QoS networks Runtong Zhang, http citeseer.ist.psu.edu 729662.html A Fuzzy Routing Mechanism In Next Generation Networks Ka Wing Wong , http www.citidel.org ?op getobj&identifier oai ACMDL articles.316095 Fuzzy routing control of service request messages in an individual computing environment Jason Schwier, http www.ecse.rpi.edu homepages abouzeid 6962 05 monet07 topology based routing ad hoc jason.pdf Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks discusses fuzzy routing on pages 32 and 33 Category Routing protocols Category Fuzzy logic Category Wireless networking compu network stub ... more details
A routing protocol is a protocol computing protocol that specifies how Router computing routers communicate ... Node networking nodes on a computer network , the choice of the route being done by routingrouting algorithms . Each router has a priori knowledge only of networks attached to it directly. A routing ... routing protocols, see Routing . The term routing protocol may refer specifically to one operating .... Although there are many types of routing protocols, three major classes are in widespread use on Internet protocol IP networks Interior gateway protocol Interior gateway routing via link state routing ... IS IS Interior gateway protocol Interior gateway routing via path vector protocol path vector or distance vector routing protocol distance vector protocols, such as Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IGRP and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol EIGRP Exterior gateway protocol Exterior gateway routing . Border gateway protocol BGP v4 is the routing protocol used by the public Internet . Many routing protocols are defined in documents called Request for Comments RFCs . ref ftp ftp.rfc editor.org ... of routing protocols include the manner in which they either prevent routing loops from ... about hop costs the time they take to Convergence routing converge how well they scale computing scale up many other factors Routed versus routing protocols A routed protocol can be routed by a router, i.e., it can be forwarded from one router to another. A routing protocol sends and receives packets containing routing information to and from other routers. In some cases, routing protocols can ... between the routing and routed protocols. That a routing protocol runs over particular transport mechanism does not mean that the routing protocol is of layer N 1 if the transport mechanism is of layer N . Routing protocols, according to the OSI Routing framework, are layer management protocols ... Open Shortest Path First OSPF , Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IGRP , and Enhanced Interior Gateway ... more details
Wiktionary route rout routing routeing Routing is the process of path selection in a network, such as a computer network or transportation network. Routing may also refer to Routing, boring holes or grooves in wood using a router woodworking router Route of administration , the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body Routing EDA , an integrated circuit design stage in electronic design automation See also Rout Route disambiguation Router disambiguation National Routeing Guide , a guide to trains over the United Kingdom s rail network Disambiguation de Routing Begriffskl rung ko ... more details
Garlic routing is a variant of onion routing that encrypts multiple messages together to make it more difficult for attackers to perform traffic analysis. Garlic routing is one of the key factors that distinguishes I2P from Tor anonymity network Tor and other privacy encryption networks. The name comes from actual garlic , whose structure this protocol resembles. List of P2P applications that use garlic routing I2P an anonymizing overlay network which allows applications to run on top of it open source, written in Java Perfect Dark P2P Perfect Dark a P2P client which relies on a Mix network mixnet and distributed file system distributed datastore to provide anonymity freeware, written for Microsoft Windows Windows Category Routing internet stub network software stub ru zh ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Adaptive routing describes the capability of a system, through which routes are characterized by their destination, to alter the path that the route takes through the system in response to a change in conditions. ref http www net.cs.yale.edu publications XQYZ04.pdf ref The adaptation is intended to allow as many routes as possible to remain valid that is, have destinations that can be reached in response to the change. People using a transport system can display adaptive routing. For example, if a local railway station is closed, people can alight from a train at a different station and use another method, such as a bus, to reach their destination. Another example of adaptive routing can be seen within financial market s. For example, ASOR or Adaptive Smart Order Router developed by Quod Financial , takes routing decisions dynamically and based on real time market events. The term is commonly used in data networking to describe the capability of a network to route around damage, such as loss of a node or a connection between nodes, so long as other path choices are available. There are several protocol computing protocols used to achieve this Routing Information Protocol RIP OSPF IS IS IGRP EIGRP Systems that do not implement adaptive routing are described as using static routing , where routes through a network are described by fixed paths statically . A change, such as the loss of a node, or loss of a connection between nodes, is not compensated for. This means that anything that wishes to take an affected path will either have to wait for the failure to be repaired before restarting its journey, or will have to fail to reach its destination and give up the journey. See also Static routing Convergence routing References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Adaptive Routing Category Routing Compu network stub de Adaptive Routing Protocol ro Rutare dinamic ... more details
In computer networking , source routing allows a sender of a data packet packet to partially or completely specify the Routing route the packet takes through the network. In contrast, in non source routing protocols, router computing router s in the network determine the path based on the packet s destination. Source routing allows easier troubleshooting, improved traceroute , and enables a node to discover all the possible routes to a host. It also allows a source to directly manage network performance by forcing packets to travel over one path to prevent congestion on another. In the Internet Protocol , two IPv4 Header header options are available which are rarely used strict source and record route SSRR and Loose Source Routing loose source and record route LSRR . Because of security concerns, packets marked LSRR are frequently blocked on the Internet. If not blocked, LSRR can allow an attacker to IP address spoofing spoof its address but still successfully receive response packets. ref cite web url http www.microsoft.com technet archive community columns security netdef sourcead.mspx title Source Address Spoofing author Rik Farrow work TechNet publisher Microsoft Corporation ref Policy based routing can also be used to route packets using their source addresses. See also Dynamic Source Routing References reflist External links cite web url http www.iss.net security center advice Underground Hacking Methods Technical Source Routing default.htm title Source Routing publisher IBM Internet Security Systems http www.ietf.org rfc rfc0791.txt RFC 791 http www.gweep.net crimson network lsrr.html Source Routing Not Considered Harmful Category Computer networking Category Computer networks de Source Routing it Source routing token ring he ja ... more details
Hierarchical routing is method of routing in networks that is based on hierarchical addressing. Background Most Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Internet protocol suite TCP IP routing is based on a two level hierarchical routing in which an IP Network address address is divided into a computer network network portion and a Server computing host portion. Gateways use only the network portion until an IP datagram reaches a Gateway computer networking gateway that can deliver it directly. Additional levels of hierarchical routing are introduced by the addition of subnetworks. Description Hierarchical routing is the procedure of arranging routers in a hierarchical manner. A good example would be to consider a corporate intranet . Most corporate intranets consist of a high speed backbone network . Connected to this backbone are routers which are in turn connected to a particular workgroup. These workgroups occupy a unique local area network LAN . The reason this is a good arrangement is because even though there might be dozens of different workgroups, the span maximum hop count to get from one host to any other host on the network is 2. Even if the workgroups divided their LAN network into smaller partitions, the span could only increase to 4 in this particular example. Considering alternative solutions with every router connected to every other router, or if every router was connected to 2 routers, shows the convenience of hierarchical routing. It decreases the complexity of network topology , increases routing efficiency, and causes much less congestion because of fewer routing advertisements. With hierarchical routing, only core routers connected to the backbone are aware of all routes. Routers that lie within a LAN only know about routes in the LAN. Unrecognized destinations are passed to the default route. References FS1037C External links http www.isi.edu nsnam ns doc stable node310.html http www.isi.edu nsnam ns doc stable node310.html Category Routing ... more details
In computer networking a routing table , or Routing Information Base RIB , is a data table stored in a Router ..., and in some cases, Metrics networking metrics distances associated with those routes. The routing ... it. The construction of routing tables is the primary goal of routing protocol s. Static route s are entries made in a routing table by non automatic means and which are fixed rather than being the result of some network topology discovery procedure. Basics A routing table utilizes the same idea ... to keep track of which way to deliver various packages of data, and for this it uses a Routing Table. A routing table is a database which keeps track of paths, like a map, and allows the gateway to provide this information to the node requesting the information. With hop by hop routing, each routing ... the next hop . Assuming that the routing tables are consistent, the simple algorithm ..., which is the destination IP address of the packet. To do this, a router needs to search the routing information stored in its routing table. A routing table is a data file in RAM that is used to store route information about directly connected and remote networks. The routing table contains network ... type and number, are entered into the routing table as a directly connected network. When a router ... router. Remote networks are added to the routing table using either a dynamic routing protocol ... by the router, using a dynamic routing protocol. Static routes are routes to networks that a network administrator manually configured. Difficulties with routing tables The need to record routes to large numbers of devices using limited storage space represents a major challenge in routing ... prefix matching scheme called Classless Inter Domain Routing CIDR . Since in a network each node presumably possesses a valid routing table, routing tables must be consistent among the various nodes or routing loops can develop. This is particularly problematic in the hop by hop routing model ... more details
via the implemented routing protocol , the information they gathered must not contradict any other ... web title Understanding the protocols underlying dynamic routing publisher CNET Networks, Inc. url ... is an important notion for a set of routers that engage in Adaptive routing dynamic routing All Interior ... state of an operational autonomous system . The Exterior Gateway Routing Protocol BGP typically never ... process When a routing protocol process is enabled, every participating router will attempt to exchange ... it is sent and received, and the type of information required vary widely depending on the routing protocol in use, see e.g. Routing Information Protocol RIP , Open Shortest Path First OSPF , Border Gateway Protocol BGP4 . A state of convergence is achieved once all routing protocol specific information has been distributed to all routers participating in the routing protocol process. Any change in the network that affects routing table s will break the convergence temporarily until this change ... and an important performance indicator for routing protocol s to implement a mechanism that allows ... Routing Companion Guide publisher Cisco Press location Indianapolis date 2004 pages 93f isbn 1 ... slower than a small one. Routing Information Protocol RIP is a routing protocol that converges ... OSPF is an example of a fast converging routing protocol. A network of a few routers can converge ... routing information details from parts of the network via route aggregation , thereby speeding ... count 2 column count 2 Routing router computing Router Routing protocol Adaptive Routing Interior Gateway Protocol Routing Information Protocol Open Shortest Path First Border Gateway Protocol Route ... Routing Protocol Convergence Charts Category Computer networking cs Konvergence sm rovac protokol ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 In connectionless routing , each Packet information technology packet is treated separately, making its way through the computer network network independently. Each individual packet may take different routes through the network depending on the type of routing protocol used and the amount of traffic on the network. As the packets travel along varying routes, they may not necessarily arrive at the designated location in sequence. To overcome this problem, the sending computer will assign a sequence number to each of the packet along with information regarding the message stream to which the packet belongs. The network layer on the receiving computer would then reassemble the packets in the correct sequence prior to passing the packets to the application layer . DEFAULTSORT Connectionless Routing Category Routing protocols ... more details
Cleanup date May 2011 Deflection routing is a routing strategy for networks based on packet switching which can reduce the need of buffering packets. Every packet has preferred outputs along which it wants to leave the router computing router , and when possible a packet is sent along one of these outputs. However, two or more packets may want to leave along the same output which is referred to as a contention among packets , and then only one of the packets may be sent along the link, while the others are sent along available outputs, even though the other links are not preferred by the packets because, for instance, those links do not yield shortest paths . Depending on the rate of incoming packets and the capacity of the outgoing links, deflection routing can work without any packet buffering . Of course, it is always possible to simply drop packets in a network with a best effort delivery strategy. See also Dynamic Alternative Routing Category Routing ... more details
Heuristic is an adjective used in relation to methods of learning, discovery, or problem solving. Routing is the process of selecting paths to specific destinations. blockquote According to Schuster 1974 The heuristic approach to problem solving consists of applying human intelligence, experience, common sense and certain rules of thumb or heuristics to develop an acceptable, but not necessarily an optimum, solution to a problem. Of course, determining what constitutes an acceptable solution is part of the task of deciding which approach to use but broadly defined, an acceptable solution is one ..., economical, or practical. p.9 blockquote Heuristic Routing is a system used to describe how data is delivered when problems in a network topology arise. Heuristic routing is achieved ... routing is also used for vehicular traffic using the highway and transportation network of the world, but that is beyond the scope of this article. Heuristic routingRouting in which data , such as time ... routes, are used to determine the optimum routing for transmitting data back to the sources. Note Heuristic routing allows a measure of route optimization based on recent empirical knowledge of the state of the telecommunications network network . IP Routing The routing protocols in use today are based ... routing information to all neighboring routers. Link State routing protocols build a topographical ..., throughput, traffic, and reliability. Distance Vector br Routing Information Protocol RIP uses ..., Kenneth A. 1974 . Heuristic routing for solid waste collection vehicles . Washington U.S. Environmental ... ISBN 978 0 387 36758 3 Malhorta, Ravi 2002 . IP Routing . O Reilly ISBN 0 596 00275 0 Ravanbakhsh, M et al 2006 A Heuristic Routing Mechanism Using a New Addressing Scheme br Bio Inspired Models ... Somarriba, O. 2008 . Evaluation of heuristic algorithms for scheduling, routing and power ... Heuristic Routing Category Routing ... more details
In telecommunication , the term routing indicator RI has the following meanings In a message header information technology header , an Network address address , i.e., group of characters, that specifies routing instructions for the transmission telecommunications transmission of the message to its final destination. A Routing Indicator is a group of letters assigned to identify a station within a tape relay network to facilitate routing of traffic. It indicates the status of the station and may indicate its geographical area. The following factors are reflected in routing indicator assignment a National or international affiliation and service when required of the station. b The geographical area in which the station is located or area from which it is served. c Network status of the station, i.e., major or minor relay, or tributary stations. Routing indicators consist of not less than four, and not more than seven letters, including suffixes. The intent of allocated letters and of letter position is as follows First Letter The letter R or the letter Q appears as the first letter and distinguishes strategic world wide routing indicators from call signs, address groups and theater routing indicators. Second Letter this letter, in conjunction with the first letter,identifies the nation or international alliance to which allotted. Third Letter This letter position serves the following purposes Normally identifies the geographical area in which a station is located or from which it is served. Exceptionally, may be used by nations or international alliances irrespective of geographical area for specific alternative purposes, such as when the capacity of assigned second letters is insufficient to meet the requirement, or when more than one geographical area is involved as in the case of a tributary actively connected to two different major relay stations. In conjunction with the second ... letters of a major relay routing indicator, designate the minor relay or tributary stations ... more details
Geographic routing also called georouting or position based routing is a routing principle that relies ... the network address. The idea of using position information for routing was first proposed in the 1980s ... ref and interconnection networks . ref Cite document last Finn first Gregory G. title Routing ... California, ISI RR 87 180 month March year 1987 url http www.isi.edu div7 people finn.home routing ... None ref Geographic routing requires that each Node networking node can determine its own location and that the source ... see ref cite journal last Stojmenovic first Ivan title Position based routing in ad hoc networks ... and face routing . Greedy forwarding tries to bring the message closer to the destination in each ... between neighbor and destination Compass Routing . Not all of these strategies are loop free, i.e. ... strategy and MFR are loop free, while NFP and Compass Routing are not . ref cite journal last Stojmenovic first Ivan coauthors Lin, Xu title Loop free hybrid single path flooding routing algorithms with guaranteed ... , C Compass Routing, E Greedy td td valign top Image Georouting face routing.svg frame none Face routing ... at the edges crossing the S D line red . The final routing path is shown in blue. td tr table Greedy ... routing helps to recover from that situation and find a path to another node, where greedy forwarding can be resumed. A recovery strategy such as face routing is necessary to assure that a message can be delivered to the destination. The combination of greedy forwarding and face routing was first .... coauthors Morin, P. Stojmenovic, I. Urrutia, J. title Routing with guaranteed delivery in ad hoc wireless ... last Ruehrup first Stefan contribution Theory and Practice of Geographic Routing series Ad Hoc and Sensor ... format PDF postscript None ref References references See also List of ad hoc routing protocols Backpressure Routing DEFAULTSORT Geographic Routing Category Routing protocols Category Wireless networking Category Routing algorithms ... more details
Routing in the PSTN is the process used to route Telephone telephone calls across the public switched telephone network . This process is the same whether the call is made between two phones in the same locality, or across two different continents. Relationship between exchanges and operators Telephone calls must be routed across a network of multiple exchanges, potentially owned by different telephone carrier s. The exchanges are all connected using Trunking trunks . Each exchange has many neighbours , some of which are also owned by the same telephone operator, and some of which are owned by different operators. When neighbouring exchanges are owned by different operators, they are known as interconnect ... operator networks before they reach their Destination routing final destination . One of the major problems in PSTN routing is determining how to route this call in the most cost effective and timely manner. Call routing Each time a call is placed for routing, the telephone number destination number ... exchanges through a connecting trunk for onward routing. Each exchange in the chain uses pre computed routing tables to determine which connected exchange the onward call should be routed to. There may ... between these in the event of link failure or Network congestion congestion . The routing tables ... using these routing tables. Some calls however cannot be routed on the basis of prefix alone, for example ... of using the pre computed routing tables. In determining routing plans, special attention is paid for example ... take this into account when designing routing paths. Dynamic Alternative Routing One approach to routing involves the use of Dynamic Alternative Routing DAR . DAR makes use of the distributed nature of a telecommunications network and its inherent randomness to dynamically determine optimal routing .... References Reflist External links DEFAULTSORT Routing In The Pstn Category Teletraffic Category Routing ... more details
unreferenced date June 2007 Triangular routing is routing that sends a packet to a proxy system before transmission to the intended destination. Triangular routing is a problem in mobile IP , however it finds applications in other networking scenarios, for example to avoid problems associated with network address translation NAT , implemented for example by Skype . Citation needed date October 2010 Description In mobile IP, packets that are sent to a mobile node are first routed to the mobile node s home subnet and then forwarded to the mobile node at its current location by its home agent. However, packets that are sent from the mobile node are not handled in this way, but are instead sent straight to their destination. This may lead to problems when using services that do ingress filtering , since the source address on the packet will be the home address of the mobile node, not the care of address assigned to the node on its guest network. To avoid this, many Mobile IP implementations offer the option of tunneling packets from the mobile node through the home agent too. Unlike in mobile IPv4 , mobile IPv6 avoids triangular routing and is therefore as efficient as native IPv6. Citation needed date October 2010 References reflist DEFAULTSORT Triangular Routing Category Network protocols Category Routing compu network stub ... more details
Expert subject Computing date February 2009 nofootnotes date August 2009 In computer networking networking and in graph theory , capillary routing , for a given network, is a multi path solution between a pair of source and destination nodes. Unlike shortest path routing or max flow routing for any network topology only one capillary routing solution exists. Capillary routing can be constructed by an iterative linear programming LP process transforming a single path flow into a capillary route. First optimization mathematics minimize the maximal value of the load of all links by minimizing an upper bound value applied to all links. The full mass of the flow will be split equally across the possible parallel routes. Find the bottleneck links of the first layer see below and fix their load at the found minimum. Minimize similarly the maximal load of all remaining links without the bottleneck links of the first layer. This second iteration further refines the path diversity. Find the bottleneck links of the second layer. Minimize the maximal load of all remaining links, but now without the bottlenecks of the second layer as well. Repeat this iteration until the entire communication footprint is enclosed in the bottlenecks of the constructed layers. At each layer, after minimizing the maximal load of links, the bottlenecks of the layer are discovered in a bottleneck hunting loop. At each iteration of the hunting loop, we minimize the load of the traffic over all links having maximal load and being suspected as bottlenecks. Links not maintaining their load at the maximum are removed from the suspect list. The bottleneck hunting loop stops if there are no more links to remove. The animated image shows capillary routing footprint between a pair of nodes in a mobile ad hoc network. References reflist External links http switzernet.com people emin gabrielyan 060129 capillary documentation Capilary routing documentation Category Routing Category Computer networking Category F ... more details
In telecommunication s, the term deterministic routing has the following meanings 1. In a Packet switching switched network , Network switch switching in which the routes between given pairs of nodes are pre programmed, i.e., are determined, in advance of transmission telecommunications transmission . Note The routes used to complete a given Call telecommunications call through a network are identified, in advance of transmission, in routing tables maintained in each Network switch switch database . The tables assign the trunks that are to be used to reach each switch code , area code, and International Access Prefix IAP , usually with one or two alternate routes. 2. In a non switched network, routing in which the routes between given pairs of nodes are determined in advance. Note The routes used to send a given message through a network are identified in advance in routing tables maintained in a database. References FS1037C Category Telecommunications telecomm stub ... more details
In computer networking , a routing domain is a collection of networked systems that operate common routing protocol s and are under the control of a single administration. ref ftp ftp.rfc editor.org in notes rfc1237.txt Guidelines for OSI NSAP Allocation in the Internet , RFC 1237, R. Collella et al. , July 1991 this definition, in turn, comes from the International Organization for Standardization. OSI Routeing Framework. Technical Report 9575, ISO IEC JTC 1, Switzerland, 1989 not available online . ref For example, this might be a set of Router computing router s under a control of a single organization, some of them operating a corporate network, some others a branch office network, and the rest the data center network. A given autonomous system Internet autonomous system ref ftp ftp.rfc editor.org in notes rfc1930.txt Guidelines for creation, selection, and registration of an Autonomous System AS , RFC 1930, J. Hawkison & T. Bates,March1996 ref can contain multiple routing domains, or a set of routing domains can be coordinated without being an Internet participating autonomous system. References references Category Computer networking ... more details
Static routing is a concept describing one way of configuring path selection of router computing router s in computer network s. It is the type of routing characterized by the absence of communication between routers regarding the current topology of the data network network . ref http www.redbooks.ibm.com redbooks pdfs gg243376.pdf TCP IP Tutorial and Technical Overview IBM RedBooks Series ref This is achieved by manually adding route s to the routing table. The opposite of static routing is dynamic routing , sometimes also referred to as adaptive routing . In these systems, routes through a data network are described by fixed paths statically . These routes are usually entered into the router by the system administrator. An entire network can be configured using static routes, but this type of configuration is not fault tolerant. When there is a change in the network or a failure occurs between two statically defined nodes, traffic will not be rerouted. This means that anything that wishes to take an affected path will either have to wait for the failure to be repaired or the static route to be updated by the administrator before restarting its journey. Most requests will time out ultimately failing before these repairs can be made. There are, however, times when static routes can improve the performance of a network. Some of these include stub network s and default route s. Example To configure a static route to network 10.10.20.0 24, pointing to a next hop router with the IP address of 192.168.100.1, type Note that this example is written in the Cisco IOS command line syntax and will only work on certain Cisco routers ref Cisco IOS Command Reference http www.cisco.com en US docs ios 12 3t ip route command reference ip2 i2gt.html wp1106404 ip route ref blockquote code ... count 2 column count 2 Routing Dynamic routingRouting protocol Routing table router computing Router Route Routing Path selection Metrics div References references compu network stub Category Routing ... more details
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