A heavy Rydberg system consists of a weakly bound positive and negative ion orbiting their common centre of mass. Such systems share many properties with the conventional Rydberg atom and consequently are sometimes referred to as heavy Rydberg atoms. While such a system is a type of ionically bound molecule, it should not be confused with a molecular Rydberg state, which is simply a molecule with one or more highly excited electrons. The peculiar properties of the Rydberg atom come from the large charge separation and the resulting Hydrogen like atom hydrogenic potential. The extremely large separation between the two components of a heavy Rydberg system results in an almost perfect 1 r hydrogenic potential seen by each ion. The positive ion can be viewed as analogous to the nucleus of a hydrogen atom, with the negative ion playing the role of the electron. ref Heavy Rydberg states , E. Reinhold, W. Ubachs, Molecular Physics, Vol. 103, No. 10, 20 May 2005, 1329 1352 ref Species of heavy Rydberg system The most commonly studied system to date is the math H H math system, consisting of a proton bound with a math H math ion. The math H H math system was first observed in 2000 by a group ... energy configuration. Only a small number of molecules have been used to produce heavy Rydberg ... and consequently high electronegativity . Production of heavy Rydberg systems The difficulty in the production of heavy Rydberg systems arises in finding an energetic pathway by which a molecule can ... or local Electromagnetic field fields . Currently production of heavy Rydberg systems relies ... with high internal energy. What makes heavy Rydberg systems interesting? The bond length in a heavy Rydberg system is 10,000 times larger than in a typical Diatomic diatomic molecule . As well as producing ... by external Electric field electric and Magnetic field magnetic fields. Heavy Rydberg systems ... of the wavefunction depends on this energy spacing. This slow time evolution makes heavy Rydberg systems ... more details
id Rumus empiris it Formula minima he ht F mil anpirik lv miskais sast vs ms Formula empirik pl Sk ad chemiczny pt F rmula emp rica ru simple Chemical composition ... more details
Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Invariant trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Jacquet s relative trace formula Kuznetsov trace formula Local trace formula Petersson trace formula Selberg trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Simple trace formula Arthur&ndash Selberg trace formula Stable trace formula mathdab ... more details
Formula C may refer to Formula C karting , a defunct 125 cc karting class Formula C SCCA , the predecessor to the Formula Continental SCCA racing class disambig ... more details
wiktionary formula A formula , in mathematics, is an entity constructed using the symbols and formation rules of a given logical language. Formula may also refer to Formula album Formula album , by OLD Chemical formula , an expression of the contents of a chemical compound Infant formula , a food for infants Trinitarian formula , a Biblical phrase Well formed formula , a word that is part of a formal language, in mathematical logic Formula Boats Formula fiction , literature following a predictable form Formula language , a Lotus Notes programming language Formula racing , a type of motorsport Bill of materials A concept in the theory of oral formulaic composition , related to oral poetry A type of ritual in Roman law See also The Formula disambiguation lookfrom formula intitle formula disambiguation ca F rmula cs Formule da Formel de Formel Begriffskl rung es F rmula fr Formule gl F rmula hom nimos io Formulo homonimo he lv Formula nl Formule ja ru sk Formula ... more details
In mathematics , Green formula may refer to Green s identities in vector calculus the Green formula for the Green measure in stochastic analysis . mathdab ... more details
In mathematics, the Poisson formula , named after Sim on Denis Poisson , may refer to Poisson distribution in probability Poisson summation formula in Fourier analysis Poisson kernel in complex or harmonic analysis Poisson Jensen formula in complex analysis mathdab ... more details
Lagrange s formula may refer to a number of results named after Joseph Louis Lagrange Lagrange interpolation formula Lagrange B rmann formula Triple product Vector triple product Vector triple product Mean value theorem Mathdab ... more details
Formula is a boat brand owned by Thunderbird Products . Formula was originally a company founded by Don Aronow in 1962 in Miami, Florida . The first successful model was the original 233 Deep V hull. Formula was purchased by Alliance Machine and Foundry in 1964, later combined with Thunderbird Products, and then sold to Fuqua Industries as Thunderbird Formula in 1969. Vic Porter purchased Thunderbird Formula from Fuqua in 1976. Porter and his children still own and operate the company today. Formula is now the brand of boats sold, and Thunderbird is the company name itself. Formula boats are known for their racing heritage a Formula boat won the American Power Boat Association World Championships in both 2000 and 2003. External references http www.formulaboats.com Formula Boats Category American boat builders ... more details
Dougall s formula for the sum of a generalized hypergeometric function sub 7 sub F sub 6 sub hypergeometric series Dougall s formula for the sum of a bilateral hypergeometric series mathdab Category Hypergeometric functions ... more details
The diagonal formula can refer to some geometric method see Polygon entry The formula developed by Aumann and Shapley to construct a Shapley value for non atomic games with a continuum of players Category Disambiguation pages ... more details
refimprove date August 2007 Infobox motorsport championship logo Formula Nippon.png pixels 150px caption ... http www.f nippon.co.jp fn race 2009 09entrant index.shtml 2009 Entry List Formula NIPPON ... TOM S current season 2011 Formula Nippon season website http www.f nippon.co.jp Formula Nippon Official Website Formula Nippon is a type of formula racing and the top level of single seater racing in Japan . Formula Nippon evolved from the Japanese Formula Two Formula 2000 series begun in 1973 by way of the Japanese Formula Two and Japanese Formula 3000 championships. For the most part, the Japanese ..., but there have been some important exceptions. History When European Formula 2 ended in 1984, its Japanese counterpart did not follow suit, continuing to use Formula 2 regulations with almost exclusively 2.0 L Honda engines for another three years, finally switching to the open Formula 3000 ... the International Formula 3000 series became a one make format to lower costs. The Japanese Formula broke away at this time, and made it official by changing the series name to Formula Nippon. Until recently, Formula Nippon was an open formula, where a variety of chassis builders and engine manufacturers ... were found in the Formula 3000 era . However, with the bankruptcy of Reynard in 2002, and the withdrawal of G Force a year earlier, Formula Nippon once again followed F3000 s lead in becoming a one make series. Formula Nippon cars are now all Lola B03 50 chassis powered by Mugen Honda engines however, unlike F3000, engines in Formula Nippon are open tuned by private companies. In 2006 Formula ... by a new Lola FN06 chassis, while the engine formula underwent drastic revision. Blocks were provided ... regulations, Formula Nippon remains a national series, with second tier status compared to the pan European GP2 Series and its predecessor Formula 3000. While foreign drivers have always been regular participants in Formula Nippon, these are very often second string drivers who had difficulty in finding ... more details
Formula 3000 was a type of Open wheel car open wheel, single seater formula racing , occupying the tier immediately below Formula One and above Formula Three . It was named for the fact that the cars were powered by 3000 cc engines. Formula 3000 championships FIA International Formula 3000 Championship main International Formula 3000 The most prestigious F3000 series, International Formula 3000 , was introduced by the F d ration Internationale de l Automobile FIA in 1985 to replace Formula Two , and was itself replaced by the GP2 Series in 2005. While the International series is usually synonym with F3000, other series racing to F3000 specification have existed. British Formula 3000 F2 Championship main British Formula 3000 A small British Formula 3000 series ran for several years in the late 1980s and early 1990s, usually using year old cars. Founded in 1989 as the British Formula 3000 Championship, the series was renamed the British Formula Two Championship in 1992, but grids diminished ... F3000 racing in the UK failed. Euro Formula 3000 Euroseries 3000 main Auto GP An Italian series evolved into a second level one, Auto GP Euro Formula 3000 now Euroseries 3000 , running the previous ... turning to Lolas some years later. Japanese F3000 Formula Nippon main Formula Nippon Japan persisted with Formula Two rules for a couple of years after the demise of F2 in Europe, but then adopted basically ... this series, and was also competitive in European F3000. Japanese F3000 was renamed Formula Nippon in 1996, and completely split off from European racing in 2009 with the new Swift chassis. Formula Holden Formula 4000 main Formula Holden In Australia Formula 4000 continued to use old F3000 chassis predominantly Reynard until 2006, as had its predecessors Formula Brabham and Formula Holden. Class of Auto racing Category Racing formulas 3000 Category Formula 3000 Category 1985 establishments de Formel 3000 id Formula 3000 simple Formula 3000 ... more details
A formula game is an artificial game represented by a True quantified Boolean formula fully quantified Boolean formula . Players turns alternate and the space of possible moves is denoted by bound variables . If a variable is Universal quantification universally quantified , the formula following it has the same truth value as the formula beginning with the universal quantifier regardless of the move taken. If a variable is Existential quantification existentially quantified , the formula following it has the same truth value as the formula beginning with the existential quantifier for at least one move available at the turn. Turns alternate, and a player loses if he cannot move at his turn. In computational complexity theory, the language FORMULA GAME is defined as all formulas math Phi math such that Player 1 has a winning strategy in the game represented by math Phi math . FORMULA GAME is PSPACE complete . References Sipser, Michael. 2006 . Introduction to the Theory of Computation . Boston Thomson Course Technology. Category Satisfiability problems Category Boolean algebra Category PSPACE complete problems comp sci stub ... more details
Image WernerHannelore OlympicFormelV19690801 1.jpg thumb right Olympic Formula Vee racing at N rburgring in 1969 Image FV.jpg thumb right 2008 Formula Vee 45th Birthday Party at Roebling Road Raceway Formula Vee also called Formula First USA and New Zealand and Formula 1200 Canada is a popular Open wheel car open wheel, single seater junior Auto racing motor racing Formula racing formula , with relatively low costs in comparison to Formula Ford or Formula BMW . On the international stage, Niki Lauda, Emerson Fittipaldi and Keke Rosberg, all Formula 1 champions, raced Formula Vees in Europe or America ..., John Blanchard, John Bowe, Jason Bargwanna and Paul Stokell were also graduates of Formula Vee. The class ... many other organizations have adopted the Formula Vee as a class. Over the years, the rules have ... Formula Vee will go 120 mph 190 km h and corner at about 1.6 g. It weighs a minimum of 1,025 ... GCR 2010 specs ref Each year, Formula Vee is one of the classes at the SCCA Runoffs, which awards a National Championship. Variants of the Formula Vee rules exist in the Canada, UK, Ireland, Australia, South Africa, Germany and New Zealand. A related category, Formula Super Vee , evolved, using the water ... from Formula Ford practice, but later started to bear more kinship to Formula Three or Formula Atlantic ... until the late 1980s. See also Formula Volkswagen South Africa Championship External links commons category Formula Vee http www.formula first.org Formula First USA http www.formulaveeracing.org ... US http www.apexspeed.com ApexSpeed.com US http www.formulavee.ie Formula Vee Ireland http www.fvee.org.au Australian Formula Vee Web Site http www.formulafirst.co.nz New Zealand Formula First nee Formula Vee http www.veecentre.com Formula Vee UK http www.750mc.co.uk 750 Motor Club UK organising club http www.formula1200.com Formula 1200 Canada dmoz Regional Oceania Australia Recreation and Sports Motorsports Car Racing Formula Vee http www.formulaveesa.org.za Formula Vee South Africa http www.historicveeaustralia.com ... more details
Formula E has been used for several different types of formula racing and one class of karting . A Formula Ford class with 1600 cc engines and outboard suspension. Formula E had a particularly strong following in Northern England . Formula Enterprises, also known as Formula SCCA A 250 cc unlimited Superkart class ref cite web title About 250 Formula E Karts url http www.250superkarts.com ABOUT250RACING.htm publisher Supercart250 language English accessdate 2011 nov 18 ref . The FIA Formula E Championship for electric vehicles which FIA announced via Press Release ref cite web title Press Release FIA Formula E Championship url http www.fia.com en GB mediacentre pressreleases fiasport 2011 Pages formula e.aspx publisher FIA language English date 2011 Sep 30 format HTML accessdate 2011 Nov 18 ref calling for Expressions of Interest on 29 July 2011 A modern Go Kart track located in Sunshine, Victoria which offers both petrol and electric go karts ref cite web title Formula E Go Karts url http formulaegokarts.com.au publisher Fun City language English accessdate 2011 dec 18 ref . References reflist disambiguation ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File FormulaContinental2010SCCARunoffsWinner96BrianTomasiB.jpg thumb right Formula Continental winner at 2010 SCCA National Championship Runoffs Formula Continental is a single seater, open wheel racing class in motorsport . It replaced Formula C SCCA Formula C as an SCCA racing class. Formula Continental includes three types of cars. The first are the traditional 1100cc Formula C cars which have large wings, are allowed aerodynamic tunnels, and full race engines . The second type is the Formula Ford Related Formulae Formula Ford 2000 FF2000 , which is a flat bottomed, steel tube frame open wheel car with smaller wings and a 2 liter engine derived from the steel blocked Ford Pinto or Ford Zetec engine. The third type is the air cooled variant of the Formula Super Vee , which used a 1600cc Volkswagen engine. Commons cat Formula Continental Currently, the vast majority of Formula Continental entrants are FF2000 cars. Category Racing formulas Continental Category Sports Car Club of America Class of Auto racing Autoracing stub ... more details
season website Formula K nig was an open wheel racing series based in Germany and sponsored by German ... from 1988 to 2004 as a single seater feeder series. Its most famous champion was seven time Formula ... wikitable Season Champion Team Champion 1988 Formula K nig season 1988 flagicon GER Michael Schumacher flagicon ?? 1989 Formula K nig season 1989 flagicon GER Thomas Winkelhock flagicon GER K nig Motorsport 1990 Formula K nig season 1990 flagicon GER Herbert F ngeling flagicon GER K nig Motorsport 1991 Formula K nig season 1991 flagicon GER Dirk Kisters flagicon GER Clever Automobil Club 1992 Formula K nig season 1992 flagicon GER Marian Hamprecht flagicon GER H&R Spezialfedern 1993 Formula K nig season 1993 flagicon GER J rg Bergmeister flagicon GER Farnbacher Racing 1994 Formula K nig season 1994 flagicon GER Bernd Friedrich flagicon GER Lohmann Motorsport 1995 Formula K nig season 1995 flagicon AUS Richard McLeod flagicon GER Schlag Rennsport 1996 Formula K nig season 1996 flagicon GER Thomas M hlenz flagicon GER Kern Motorsport 1997 Formula K nig season 1997 flagicon GER Thomas M hlenz flagicon ?? 1998 Formula K nig season 1998 flagicon NED Elran Nijenhuis flagicon ?? 1999 Formula K nig season 1999 flagicon BEL Benoit Allart flagicon GER B hm Motorsport 2000 Formula K nig season 2000 flagicon AUT Bernhard Auinger flagicon GER Motopark Academy 2001 Formula K nig season 2001 flagicon GER Thomas Westarp flagicon GER Kern Motorsport 2002 Formula K nig season 2002 flagicon GER Jochen Nerpel flagicon GER RS Racing Team 2003 Formula K nig season 2003 flagicon AUT Franz Kuncic flagicon GER Kern Motorsport 2004 Formula K nig season 2004 flagicon GER Ronny Wechselberger flagicon GER B hm Motorsport See also German Formula Three Championship ADAC Formel Masters ADAC Volkswagen ... German Class of Auto racing DEFAULTSORT Formula Konig Category Formula racing series Category Defunct ... de Formel K nig it Formula K nig hu Formula K nig nl Formel K nig pt F rmula K nig ... more details
infobox sport name Formula racing image Lola B351.jpg imagesize 325px caption A Lola Cars Lola Formula ... men category Outdoor equipment venue obsolete olympic Formula racing is a term that refers to various ... are Formula One , Formula Two , and Formula Three . Common usage of formula racing encompasses other single seater series, including the GP2 Series , which replaced International Formula 3000 Formula 3000 which had itself been the effective replacement for Formula Two . Categories such as Formula Three and GP2 are described as feeder formul , which refers to their position below Formula One on the career ladder of single seater motor racing. There are two primary forms of racing formula the open formula that allows a choice of chassis and or engines and the control or spec formula that relies on a single supplier for chassis and engines. Formula Three is an example of an open formula, while Formula BMW is a control formula. There are also some exceptions on these two forms like Formula Ford where there is an open chassis formula but a restricted single brand engine formula. The first racing formul Formula One Main History of Formula One In the process of reviving Grand Prix motor ... of Formula One in 1946. The first race to be run to the early Formula One regulations was a non championship ... was held in 1947 and the Formula One World Championship was inaugurated in 1950. This was the first example of formula racing. Image Tecno Aleste Bodini 1967 Formula 3 EMS.jpg thumb 220px A typical F3 chassis from the late 1960s Formula Two The Formula Two regulations were first defined in 1947 as a form of B class below Formula One. ref http www.formula2.net Formula Two From formula2.net. Retrieved on August 28, 2007. ref It was not unusual for some Formula One events to include a number ... Formula Two Championship in 1967. F2 was an open formula that allowed the use of any chassis ... until the creation of its successor, International Formula 3000 Formula 3000 , in 1985. ref http www.oldracingcars.com ... more details
In quantified modal logic , the Barcan formula and the converse Barcan formula more accurately, schemata rather than formulae i syntactically state principles or interchange between quantifiers and modalities ii semantically state a relation between domains of possible worlds. The formulae were introduced as axioms by Ruth Barcan Marcus , in the first extensions of modal propositional logic to include quantification. ref Journal of Symbolic Logic 1946 ,11 and 1947 , 12 under Ruth C. Barcan ref Related formulas include the Buridan formula , and the converse Buridan formula . The Barcan formula The Barcan formula is math forall x Box Fx rightarrow Box forall x Fx math . In English language English , the schema reads If everything is necessarily F, then it is necessary that everything is F. It is equivalent to math Diamond exists xFx to exists x Diamond Fx math . The Barcan formula has generated some controversy because it implies that all objects which exist in every possible world accessible to the actual world exist in the actual world, i.e. that domains cannot grow when one moves to accessible worlds. This thesis is sometimes known as actualism i.e. that there are no merely possible individuals. There is some debate as to the informal interpretation of the Barcan formula and its converse. Converse Barcan formula The converse Barcan formula is math Box forall x Fx rightarrow forall x Box Fx math . If a frame is based on a symmetric accessibility relation, then the Barcan formula will be valid in the frame if, and only if, the converse Barcan formula is valid in the frame. It states that domains cannot shrink as one moves to accessible worlds, i.e. that individuals cannot cease to be possible. The converse Barcan formula is taken to be more plausible than the Barcan formula. References reflist External links http comet.lehman.cuny.edu fitting bookspapers pdf papers Barcan.pdf ... Contingent Objects and the Barcan Formula by Hayaki Reina logic stub Category Modal ... more details
For specific models see Formula LGB Hyundai Formula LGB Swift Formula LGB is a series of single seater, open wheel class race cars manufactured by Super Speeds A division of L.G.Balakrishnan Brothers, the manufacturers of Rolon Chains and Sprockets for LG Sports in Coimbatore , India . These cars are similar to the wingless Formula Fords intended as a low cost starter series with power in the range of 90 to 100 bhp 70 to 75 kW . The cars were launched in India in 2003 and up till 2005 only one model was manufactured hence simply known as Formula LGB.In 2006 when another Hyundai engined model was launched the existing Formula LGB became Formula LGB Swift to avoid confusion of model name. See Formula LGB Hyundai Formula LGB Swift More pictures http www.thehinduimages.com 8080 hindu photoDetail.do?photoId 4724733 http www.thehinduimages.com 8080 hindu photoDetail.do?photoId 4724739 http www.thehinduimages.com 8080 hindu photoDetail.do?photoId 4956633 External links http www.newstodaynet.com 05dec cs4.htm http www.chennaionline.com colnews newsitem.asp?NEWSID 7B34E1CFAD DD02 4545 9492 6D9B70DB8EED 7D&CATEGORYNAME BUSINESS Category Formula racing series LgB Category Racing formulas Lgb Category Indian racing cars ... more details
for the motorcycle road racing series Formula 750 750 Formula is a British racing formula invented and regulated by the 750 Motor Club , designed originally for a two seater sports racers powered by the 750cc Austin Seven engine and the Seven chassis. Racing under the original formula regulations continues as a form of historic racing in the 750 Motor Club 750 Trophy Series. With engine supplies running thin, the Reliant engine was introduced to replace the Austin 750cc engine and in 2003 it was replaced with the 1108cc version of the Fiat FIRE engine. The formula thrives today with a 14 round championship which is closely contested with grids of over 20 cars. 750 Formula is believed to be the most cost effective way to race today with a competitive season of racing costing around 3,000 to 4,000 inclusive of entry fees, running costs and travel and accommodation. In addition to being the world s longest running formula, it continues to thrive as an outlet for amateur constructor drivers to hone their craft. Further reading Stephens, P. J., Building and racing my 750 , G. T. Foulis & Co, London, 1953. cite book author Peter Herbert, Dick Harvey, title Everything You Need to Know About Building and Racing a 750 Formula Sports racing Car publisher J H Haynes & Co Ltd year 1996 ISBN 1 85260 447 6 External links http www.750formula.co.uk Website for more information http www.racingaspirations.com A 750 formula constructor s blog DEFAULTSORT 750 Formula Category Racing formulas Autoracing stub ... more details
Infobox motorsport championship logo pixels caption category Open wheel car Single seaters inaugural 1999 folded 2005 drivers teams constructors tyres engines country region flagicon JPN Japan champion driver flagicon JPN Koudai Tukagoshi champion team manufacturer Dome constructor Dome Honda current season website http www.formula dream.com formula dream.com Formula Dream was an open wheel racing series based in Japan. The series became Formula Challenge Japan in 2006. Champions class wikitable Season Champion Car 1999 Formula Dream season 1999 flagicon JPN Yuji Ide Dome constructor Dome Mugen Motorsports Mugen 2000 Formula Dream season 2000 flagicon JPN Kosuke Matsuura Dome constructor Dome Mugen Motorsports Mugen 2001 Formula Dream season 2001 flagicon JPN Shinya Hosokawa Dome constructor Dome Mugen Motorsports Mugen 2002 Formula Dream season 2002 flagicon JPN Yuki Shibata Dome constructor Dome Mugen Motorsports Mugen 2003 Formula Dream season 2003 flagicon JPN Hideki Mutoh Dome constructor Dome Mugen Motorsports Mugen 2004 Formula Dream season 2004 flagicon JPN Yasuhiro Takasaki Dome constructor Dome Honda 2005 Formula Dream season 2005 flagicon JPN Koudai Tukagoshi Dome constructor Dome Honda See also Formula Nippon Formula Challenge Japan External links http www.forix.com 8w 6thgear champs.html FD Formula Dream at forix.com References Reflist Class of Auto racing Category Formula racing series Category Racing formulas Category Auto racing series in Japan ja ... more details
at the Sholavaram races in Chennai . Young drivers in India often begin their competitive careers in Formula Maruti, or after a few years in Karting. Formula Maruti provides drivers with their first ... colspan 2 align center unknown, 1992 99 2000 Formula Maruti season 2000 flagicon IND Karun Chandhok colspan 2 align center unknown, 2001 03 2004 Formula Maruti season 2004 flagicon IND Gaurav Gill 2005 Formula Maruti season 2005 flagicon IND Raymond Banajee 2006 Formula Maruti season 2006 flagicon IND Saran Vikram 2007 Formula Maruti season 2007 summer flagicon IND Naren Shankar racing driver Naren Shankar 2007 Formula Maruti season 2007 december flagicon IND Goutham Parekh racing driver Goutham Parekh 2008 Formula Maruti season 2008 flagicon IND Gokul Krishna 2009 Formula Maruti season 2009 flagicon IND G.Vikash Anand See also Formula Rolon Formula LGB Hyundai Formula LGB Swift Formula ... chennaibest.com References reflist Class of Auto racing Category Formula racing series Category ... more details
multiple issues no footnotes January 2012 notability January 2012 unreferenced December 2009 A formula unit in chemistry is the empirical formula of an Ionic compound ionic or covalent network solid compound used as an independent entity for stoichiometric calculations. It is the lowest whole number ratio of ions represented in an ionic compound. Examples include ionic NaCl and K sub 2 sub O and covalent networks such as SiO sub 2 sub and C as diamond or graphite . Ionic compounds do not exist as individual molecules a formula unit thus indicates the lowest reduced ratio of ions in the compound A chemical formula shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance. DEFAULTSORT Formula Unit Category Chemical formulas chem stub ... more details
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