Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS is a family of formal language s designed for representation ... systems , or any other type of structured controlled vocabulary . SKOS is built upon Resource ... of controlled structured vocabularies for the Semantic Web . SKOS is currently developed within the World ... to SKOS was the RDF Thesaurus work undertaken in the second phase of the EU DESIRE project ref http ... and Inference Service for RDF ref . LIMBER 1999 2001 SKOS built upon the output of the Language ... http www.cessda.org CESSDA . SWAD Europe 2002 2004 SKOS as a distinct initiative began in the SWAD ... Stilo Home Page ref The first release of SKOS Core and SKOS Mapping were published at the end ... of SWAD Europe, SKOS effort was supported by the W3C Semantic Web Activity ref http www.w3.org 2001 ... Porting Thesauri Task Force ref During this period, focus was put both on consolidation of SKOS ... Web. Later status and roadmap 2006 2008 SKOS is a work in progress, and the main published documents the SKOS Core Guide, ref http www.w3.org TR swbp skos core guide SKOS Core Guide W3C Working Draft 2 November 2005 ref the SKOS Core Vocabulary Specification, ref http www.w3.org TR swbp skos core spec SKOS Core Vocabulary Specification W3C Working Draft 2 November 2005 ref and the Quick Guide to Publishing ... status. The main editors of SKOS are Alistair Miles ref http purl.org net aliman Alistair Miles ... ref chartered for two years May 2006 April 2008 , has put in its charter to push SKOS forward on the W3C Recommendation track. The roadmap projects SKOS as a Candidate Recommendation by the end of 2007 ... such as Dublin Core . ref http isegserv.itd.rl.ac.uk public skos press dc2006 camera ready paper.pdf SKOS Requirements for Standardization . The paper by Alistair Miles presented in October ..., blog entries, and other items can now use SKOS ref http www.w3.org TR 2009 REC skos reference 20090818 Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS ref to leverage the power of linked data. Community ... more details
A meronomy or Partonomy is a type of hierarchy that deals with part whole relationships, in contrast to a taxonomy whose categorisation is based on discrete sets. These conceptual structures are used in linguistics and computer science , with applications in biology . The part whole relationship is sometimes referred to as HAS A , and corresponds to object composition in Object Oriented Programming . ref http www.javacamp.org moreclasses oop oop3.html Object Oriented Programming Concept Bot generated title ref The study of meronomy is known as mereology , and in linguistics a meronym is the name given to a constituent part of, the substance of, or a member of something. X is a meronym of Y if an X is a part of a Y. ref http wordnet.princeton.edu gloss Glossary of WordNet Terminology Bot generated title ref Example Cars have parts Engine, Headlight, Wheel Engines have parts Crankcase, Carburetor Headlights have parts headlight bulb, reflector Meronomies in Knowledge Representation In formal terms, in the context of knowledge representation and ontologies , a meronomy is a partial ordering of concept types by the part whole relation. ref http www.jfsowa.com ontology gloss.htm Glossary Bot generated title ref The classic study of parts and wholes, mereology , has three axioms ref http www.w3.org 2001 sw BestPractices OEP SimplePartWhole Simple part whole relations in OWL Ontologies Bot generated title ref the part of Relation mathematics relation is Transitive parts of parts are parts of the whole If A is part of B and B is part of C, then A is part of C Reflexive Everything is part of itself A is part of A Antisymmetric Nothing is a part of its parts if A is part of B and A B then B is not part of A. Meronomies may be represented in Semantic Web languages such as Web Ontology Language OWL and SKOS . References reflist External links http wordnet.princeton.edu 5papers.pdf Introduction to WordNet An On line Lexical Database pdf http www.w3.org 2004 02 skos W3C SKOS Home ... more details
Alexander of Scotland may refer to King Alexander I of Scotland or Alaxandair mac Ma l Coluim c. 1078 1124 , King of Scots, called The Fierce King Alexander II of Scotland 1198 1249 , King of Scots, only son of William the Lion and Ermengarde of Beaumont King Alexander III of Scotland 1241 1286 , King of Scots, only son of Alexander II by his second wife Marie de Coucy Alexander, Prince of Scotland 1264 1284 , son of King Alexander III hndis br Alesant Bro Skos pt Alexandre da Esc cia ... more details
web based modeling environment to create and maintain SKOS Thesaurus thesauri , Ontology information ... on SKOS thesauri as well as XML to SKOS mappings which enables Semantic Search semantic search over ... content y15753h735l51248 PoolParty SKOS Thesaurus Management Utilizing Linked Data . June 2010. http ... more details
Wikify date January 2012 ISO CD 25964 1 Information and documentation Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies Part 1 Thesauri for information retrieval ref http www.niso.org schemas iso25964 NISO Project ISO 25964 ref is a draft International Standard based on BS 8723 2005 Structured vocabularies for information retrieval. It covers the development and maintenance of thesauri, both monolingual and multilingual, including formats and protocols for data exchange. The primary objective is summarised as Quote box quote If both the indexer and the searcher are guided to choose the same term for the same concept, then relevant documents will be retrieved. width 85 align center See also SKOS References reflist External links http www personal.umich.edu kdow ISO CD 25964 1 28E 29.pdf Draft ISO 25964 http www.willpowerinfo.co.uk glossary.htm Glossary of thesaurus terms http www.iskouk.org presentations will 21072008.pdf Discussion of BS 8723 data model Category Library science Category Thesauri Category ISO standards 25964 1 ... more details
Margaret of Scotland may refer to Arguably, one Queen Regnant of Scotland Margaret, Maid of Norway 1283 1290 , Norwegian Scottish princess Two Scottish princesses who married into foreign royalty Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway 1261 1283 , daughter of Alexander III of Scotland and Margaret of England, married Eric II of Norway Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France 1424 1445 , daughter of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort, married the future Louis XI of France Another Scottish princess Princess Margaret Stewart of Scotland , daughter of James II of Scotland Five Queens consort of Scotland Saint Margaret of Scotland 1045 1093 , Queen consort of Malcolm III Margaret of England 1240 1275 , Queen consort of Alexander III Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland 1340 1375 , Queen consort of David II Margaret of Denmark 1456 1486 , Queen consort of James III Margaret Tudor 1489 1541 , Queen consort of James IV See also Margaret of Huntingdon disambiguation hndis br Marc harid Bro Skos cs Mark ta Skotsk es Margarita de Escocia eo Margareta de Skotlando apartigilo fr Marguerite d cosse nl Margaretha van Schotland sv Margaret av Skottland ... more details
Knowledge Organization Systems or KOS is a generic term used in Knowledge organization about authority lists, classification systems, thesaurus thesauri , topic maps , Ontology information science ontologies etc. See also Controlled vocabulary Ontology information science Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS References Hodge, G. 2000 . Systems of Knowledge Organization for Digital libraries. Beyond traditional authority files. Washington, DC the Council on Library and Information Resources. http www.clir.org pubs reports pub91 contents.html Garshol, L M 2004 Metadata? Thesauri? Taxonomies? Topic maps Making sense of it all. Journal of Information Science, 30 4 . 378 391. Online tilg ngelig http www.ontopia.net topicmaps materials tm vs thesauri.html Tudhope, D. & Lykke Nielsen, M. 2006 . Introduction to special issue Knowledge Organization Systems and Services. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 12 1 , 3 9. http www.journalsonline.tandf.co.uk media m35eac0c7l6wvk510nr7 contributions r 0 7 7 r077564631920800.pdf Zeng, M. L. & Chan, L. M. 2004 . Trends and issues in establishing interoperability among knowledge organization systems. Journal for the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55 5 , 377 395. Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Services NKOS http nkos.slis.kent.edu Term stub Category Library science Category Information science Category Controlled vocabularies ... more details
was its releasing in the Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS format, in 2009 ref name mynarz ... http psh.ntkcz.cz skos PSH Browser was released in June 2009. It serves for browsing the PSH system and its distribution in SKOS format. This tool navigates users through PSH from general to specific ... systems . PSH is also available in Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS , using RDF XML ... more details
SKOS . VocBench AGROVOC s editing tool VocBench is a web based multilingual working environment ... Access, RDF, OWL, SKOS, Postgres, TagText, XML, and ISO2709. Related links Agricultural Information ... more details
ontologies and Simple Knowledge Organization System SKOS to represent controlled vocabulary controlled ... data are queried using the SPARQL query language. RDF, OWL, SKOS, and SPARQL are all public ... more details
Description Framework RDF vocabularies, such as RDF Schema RDFS , Web Ontology Language OWL , or SKOS ... www.w3.org 2004 02 skos core nowiki broader code identifies the concept broader in SKOS Core vocabulary ... 2004 02 skos core nowiki code , a complete RDF file in which semantics of this specific concept ... more details
An index term , subject term , subject heading , or descriptor , in information retrieval , is a term that captures the essence of the topic of a document. Index terms make up a controlled vocabulary for use in bibliographic record s. They are an integral part of bibliographic control, which is the function by which libraries collect, organize and disseminate documents. They are used as keywords to retrieve documents in an information system, for instance, a catalog or a search engine . A popular form of keywords on the web are tag metadata tags which are directly visible and can be assigned by non experts also. Index terms can consist of a word, phrase, or alphanumerical term. They are created by analyzing the document either manually with subject indexing or automatically with Index search engine automatic indexing or more sophisticated methods of keyword extraction. Index terms can either come from a controlled vocabulary or be freely assigned. Keywords are stored in a Index search engine search index . Common words like article grammar articles a, an, the and conjunctions and, or, but are not treated as keywords because it is inefficient to do so. Almost every English language site on the Internet has the article the , and so it makes no sense to search for it. The most popular search engine, Google removed stop words such as the and a from its indexes for several years, but then re introduced them, making certain types of precise search possible again. The term descriptor was coined by Calvin Mooers in 1948. It is in particular used about a preferred term from a thesaurus . The Simple Knowledge Organisation System language SKOS provides a way to express index terms with Resource Description Framework for use in the context of Semantic Web . Author keywords Many journals and databases provides access also to index terms made by authors to the articles being published or represented. The relative quality of indexer provided index terms and author provided index t ... more details
Image Geonames4.png thumb Worldwide density of GeoNames entries in 2006 GeoNames is a geographical database available and accessible through various Web services , under a Creative Commons attribution license. Database and web services The GeoNames database contains over 10,000,000 toponymy geographical names corresponding to over 7,500,000 unique features. ref http www.geonames.org GeoNames web site ref All features are categorized into one out of nine feature classes and further subcategorized into one out of 645 feature codes. Beyond names of places in various languages, data stored include latitude , longitude , elevation, population, administrative subdivision and postal code s. All Geographic coordinate system coordinates use the World Geodetic System 1984 WGS84 . Those data are accessible free of charge through a number of Web services and a daily database export. ref http www.geonames.org export GeoNames web services ref The Web services include direct and reverse geocoding , finding places through postal codes, finding places next to a given place, and finding Wikipedia articles about neighbouring places. Wiki interface The core of GeoNames database is provided by official public sources, of which quality may vary. Through a wiki interface, users are invited to manually edit and improve the database by adding or correcting names, move existing features, add new features, etc. Semantic Web integration Each GeoNames feature is represented as a resource Web Web resource identified by a stable URI . This URI provides access, through content negotiation , either to the HTML wiki page, or to a Resource Description Framework RDF description of the feature, using elements of the GeoNames Ontology computer science ontology . ref http www.geonames.org ontology documentation.html GeoNames ontology ref This ontology describes the GeoNames features properties using the Web Ontology Language , the feature classes and codes being described in the SKOS language. Through Wi ... more details
for the part of a plant Umbel UMBEL , short for Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer , is an extracted subset of Cyc OpenCyc OpenCyc , providing the Cyc data in an Resource Description Framework RDF ontology computer science ontology based on SKOS and Web Ontology Language OWL 2 . According to its Web site, ref http umbel.org home ref UMBEL is designed to help content interoperate on the Web. Image Linking Open Data class diagram 2008 10 05.png thumb Class linkages within the Linking Open Data datasets UMBEL has two main functions ref Cite journal first M.K. last Bergman author authorlink coauthors title UMBEL A Subject Concepts Reference Layer for the Web version publisher date url http www.slideshare.net mkbergman umbel a subject concepts reference layer for the web accessdate 2010 04 02 ref It is an Upper ontology information science upper ontology of about 28,000 reference concepts, designed to provide common Data mapping mapping points for relating different ontologies or Conceptual schema schema to one another, and A Controlled vocabulary vocabulary for aiding that ontology mapping, including expressions of likelihood relationships distinct from exact identity or equivalence. This vocabulary is also designed for interoperable Ontology information science Domain ontologies and upper ontologies domain ontologies . UMBEL is a prominent class structure used in Linked Data , along with OpenCyc, Yago database YAGO and the DBpedia ontology. Because it is a strict subset of OpenCyc concepts and relationships, mappings to UMBEL can take advantage of the Inference engine reasoning engines within Cyc. Including OpenCyc, UMBEL has about 46,000 formal mappings to DBpedia , PROTON and GeoNames , and provides linkages to more than 2 million Wikipedia pages English version . All of its reference concepts and mappings are organized under a hierarchy of 33 different super types , ref See http umbel.org specifications annex h Annex H in the UMBEL specifications. ref which ar ... more details
, ref cite web url http dynamicorange.com 2008 04 02 skos linked data and lcsh title SKOS, Linked Data ... SKOS to allow for simple browsing of the subject headings. lcsh.info was shut down by the Library ... more details
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