SQL CLR or SQLCLR SQL Common Language Runtime is technology for hosting of the Microsoft .NET common language runtime engine within SQL Server. The SQLCLR allows managed code to be hosted by, and run in, the Microsoft SQL Server environment. This technology, introduced in Microsoft SQL Server 2005, allow users for example to create the following types of managed code objects in SQL Server in .NET languages such as C Sharp programming language C or VB.NET . Stored procedure s SPs which are analogous to procedures or void functions in procedural languages like VB or C, Database trigger triggers which are stored procedures that fire in response to Data Manipulation Language DML or Data Definition Language DDL events, User defined function s UDFs which are analogous to functions in procedural languages, User defined aggregate s UDAs which allow developers to create custom aggregates that act on sets of data instead of one row at a time, User defined type s UDTs that allow users to create simple or complex data types which can be serialized and deserialized within the database. The SQL CLR relies on the creation, deployment, and registration of .NET assemblies , which are physically stored in managed code dynamic load libraries DLLs . These assemblies may contain .NET namespaces, classes, functions and properties. External links http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library ms345136.aspx MSDN Using CLR Integration in SQL Server 2005 http forums.microsoft.com MSDN ShowForum.aspx?ForumID 86&SiteID 1 MSDN Forum on .NET Framework in SQL Server http www.sqlclr.net SqlClr.net Independent site http blogs.msdn.com sqlclr SQL CLR Team Blog No posts since 2006, might be dead DEFAULTSORT Sql Clr Category SQL Category Microsoft database software Category .NET framework database software stub cs SQL CLR zh SQL CLR ... more details
dablink This article is about SQL 1999 , a revision of the SQL standard. For more information about SQL, see the main SQL article. SQL 1999 was the fourth revision of the SQL database query language . The latest revision of the standard is SQL 2011 . Summary The SQL 1999 standard, also known as SQL3, was published in 1999. Unlike previous editions, the standard s name used a colon instead of a hyphen for consistency with the names of other ISO standards. SQL 1999 has several parts ref Lans 2007, p.23. ref SQL Framework http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 26196 ISO IEC 9075 1 1999 SQL Foundation http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 26197 ISO IEC 9075 2 1999 SQL CLI an updated definition of the extension Call Level Interface, originally published in 1995, also known as CLI 95 http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 30609 ISO IEC 9075 3 1999 SQL PSM an updated definition of the extension Persistent Stored Modules, originally published in 1996, also known as PSM 96 http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 29864 ISO IEC 9075 4 1999 SQL Bindings http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 26198 ISO IEC 9075 5 1999 Boolean data types The SQL 1999 standard calls for a Boolean type ref http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 26197 ISO IEC 9075 2 1999 section 4.6 Boolean types ref , but many commercial SQL Servers Microsoft SQL Server 2005 , Oracle Database Oracle 9i , IBM DB2 do not support it as a column type, variable type or allow it in the results set. MySQL interprets BOOLEAN as a synonym for TINYINT 8 bit signed integer . ref http dev.mysql.com doc ... F. van der title SQL for MySQL developers a comprehensive tutorial and reference publisher Addison ... Category SQL Category Declarative programming languages SQL compu lang stub database stub ru SQL 1999 ... more details
Embedded SQL is a method of combining the computing power of a programming language and the database Data Manipulation Language manipulation capabilities of SQL . Embedded SQL statement programming statements are SQL statements written inline with the program source code of the host language. The embedded SQL statements are parsing parsed by an embedded SQL preprocessor and replaced by host language ... by the host compiler . This allows programmers to embed SQL statements in programs written in any ... SQL standards committee defined the embedded SQL standard in two steps a formalism called Module Language was defined, then the embedded SQL standard was derived from Module Language. ref name modulelang ... The Module Language Concept work SQL Module for Ada Programmer s Guide, Release 8.0, Chapter 1. Introduction to SQL Module publisher Oracle Corporation accessdate 2008 07 14 ref The SQL standard defines embedding of SQL as embedded SQL and the language in which SQL queries are embedded is referred to as the host language . A popular host language is C. The mixed C and embedded SQL is called Pro ... system this precompiler is called ECPG . Other embedded SQL precompilers are Pro Ada programming ... that support Embedded SQL IBM DB2 IBM DB2 version 9 for Linux, UNIX and Windows supports embedded SQL for C, C , Java, COBOL, FORTRAN and REXX although support for FORTRAN and REXX has been deprecated ... Embedded SQL Applications publisher IBM accessdate 2009 04 10 ref Oracle Corporation Ada Pro Ada was officially ... has been replaced by SQL Module but appears to have not been updated since. ref cite web url http ... publisher Oracle Corporation accessdate 2008 07 14 ref SQL Module is a module language that offers a different programming method from embedded SQL. SQL Module supports the Ada83 language standard ... a COBOL precompiler for PostgreSQL Altibase C C SESC is an embedded SQL precompiler provided by Altibase ... can pass SQL statements via one of the Data Access CLI connectivity kits to Microsoft SQL Server, IBM ... more details
SQL 2011 or ISO IEC 9075 2011 is the seventh revision of the International Organization for Standardization ISO and ANSI standard for the SQL database query language . It was formally adopted in December 2011 ref Citation publisher Sybase url http iablog.sybase.com paulley ?p 2612 date December 16th, 2011 contribution SQL 2011 is published title IA type blog last Paulley . ref . Parts The standard is split into these parts ref Citation url http www.jtc1sc32.org doc N2151 2200 32N2153T text for ballot FDIS 9075 1.pdf type draft date 2011 08 06 title Part 1 Framework SQL Framework format PDF publisher JTC1SC32 . ref Part 1 Framework SQL Framework Part 2 Foundation SQL Foundation Part 3 Call Level Interface SQL CLI Part 4 Persistent Stored Modules SQL PSM Part 9 Management of External Data SQL MED Part 10 Object Language Bindings SQL OLB Part 11 Information and Definition Schemas SQL Schemata Part 13 SQL Routines and Types Using the Java Programming Language SQL JRT Part 14 XML Related Specifications SQL XML References references External links Citation url http www.iso.org iso iso catalogue catalogue tc catalogue detail.htm?csnumber 53681 contribution SQL 2011 title Catalogue publisher ISO type webshop . Citation format PDF publisher JTC1SC32 url http www.jtc1sc32.org doc N2151 2200 32N2153T text for ballot FDIS 9075 1.pdf type draft date 2011 08 06 title Part 1 Framework SQL Framework . Citation format PDF publisher JTC1SC32 url http www.jtc1sc32.org doc N2151 2200 32N2157T text for ballot FDIS 9075 14.pdf type draft date 2011 08 06 title Part 14 XML Related Specifications SQL XML . Citation url https www.google.com search?q intitle 3A 22final committee draft 22 intitle 3A9075 site 3Ajtc1sc32.org 2011 title List of further freely available Final Commitee Drafts publisher Google type search . http www.wiscorp.com SQLStandards.html Freely downloadable drafts of this standard SQL compu lang stub database stub Category SQL Category Declarative programming languages Category ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2007 A code WHERE code clause in SQL specifies that a SQL Data Manipulation Language ... of SQL DML statements, but should be used to limit the number of rows affected by a SQL DML statement or returned by a query. Overview code WHERE code is an SQL 2003 SQL reserved word. The code WHERE code clause is used in conjunction with SQL DML statements, and takes the following general form source lang sqlSQL DML Statement FROM table name WHERE predicate source all rows for which the predicate in the code WHERE code clause is True are affected or returned by the SQL DML statement or query. Rows for which the predicate evaluates to False or Unknown Null SQL NULL are unaffected by the DML ... in column mycol is greater than 100. source lang sql SELECT FROM mytable WHERE mycol 100 source The following Delete SQL code DELETE code statement removes only those rows from table mytable where the column mycol is either NULL or has a value that is equal to 100. source lang sql DELETE FROM mytable WHERE mycol IS NULL OR mycol 100 source The proper syntax for writing SQL Where clause ref cite web title SQL Where video tutorial url http www.sqlserver training.com sql where video tutorial ..., and the value of item is equal to the string literal Hammer source lang sql DELETE FROM mytable WHERE .... source lang sql SELECT ename WHERE ename IN value1 , value2 , ... source All rows match the predicate ... lang sql SELECT ename WHERE ename value1 OR ename value2 source except that the latter could allow comparison ... lang sql SELECT ename WHERE ename BETWEEN value1 AND value2 source All rows match the predicate ... sql SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE S source Leading Wildcard Find any string that ends with the letter S source lang sql SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE S source Multiple Wildcards Find any string that contains, anywhere, the letter S source lang sql SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename ... single character followed by the letter E source lang sql SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE A E ... more details
In the database structured query language SQL , the DELETE statement removes one or more records from a Table database table . A subset may be defined for deletion using a condition, otherwise all records are removed. ref cite web url http www.w3schools.com Sqlsql delete.asp title SQL Delete Statement publisher w3schools.com ref Usage The code DELETE code statement follows the syntax code DELETE code code FROM code table name code WHERE code condition Any rows that match the Where SQL code WHERE code condition will be removed from the table. If the code WHERE code clause is omitted, all rows in the table are removed. The code DELETE code statement should thus be used with caution. The code DELETE ... sql DELETE FROM pies WHERE flavour Lemon Meringue source Delete rows in trees , if the value of height is smaller than 80. source lang sql DELETE FROM trees WHERE height 80 source Delete all rows from mytable source lang sql DELETE FROM mytable source Delete rows from mytable using a subquery in the where condition source lang sql DELETE FROM mytable WHERE id IN SELECT id FROM mytable2 source Delete rows from mytable using a list of values source lang sql DELETE FROM mytable WHERE id IN value1 ... must be executed source lang sql DELETE FROM person WHERE pid 1 DELETE FROM pa WHERE pid 1 source To maintain ... would be deleted from pa . Then the first statement source lang sql DELETE FROM person WHERE pid 1 source would automatically trigger the second source lang sql DELETE FROM pa WHERE pid 1 source Related ... 2009 offer a Truncate SQL TRUNCATE TABLE command that works a lot quicker, as it only alters metadata ... the rows. For deleting a table entirely the Drop SQL DROP command can be used. References reflist SQL DEFAULTSORT Delete Sql Category SQL keywords Category Articles with example SQL code cs DELETE ko Delete SQL lv Delete SQL nl Delete SQL ja DELETE SQL no Delete SQL pt Delete SQL ru Delete SQL sq Delete SQL sr Delete SQL uk Delete SQL zh SQL ... more details
Mimer SQL is an SQL based relational database management system from the Sweden Swedish company Mimer Information Technology AB formerly Upright Database Technology AB , which has been developed and produced since the 1970s. The Mimer SQL database engine is available for Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Linux , Symbian OS , Unix , VxWorks and OpenVMS . Unlike other competing DBMSes, Mimer only implements optimistic concurrency control . ref cite web url http developer.mimer.com features feature 15.htm title Transaction Concurrency Optimistic Concurrency Control work Mimer Developers Features date 26 February 2010 ref References references External links http www.mimer.com Category Proprietary database management systems database software stub pl Mimer SQL ... more details
An SQL INSERT statement adds one or more records to any single Table database table in a relational database ... s, Check Constraint code CHECK code constraints , and Null SQL code NOT NULL code constraints . If a syntax ... returned instead. Example source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book name, number VALUES John ... be after the first 2 in the table. source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book VALUES John Doe , 555 1212 source Advanced forms Multirow inserts A SQL feature since SQL 92 is the use of row value constructors to insert multiple rows at a time in a single SQL statement source lang sql INSERT INTO table column ... is supported by IBM DB2 DB2 , Microsoft SQL Server SQL Server since version 10.0 i.e. 2008 ... that name and number are the only columns in the phone book table source lang sql INSERT INTO phone ... statements source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book VALUES John Doe , 555 1212 INSERT INTO phone ... performance as a single multi row insert. To insert multiple rows in MS SQL you can use such a construction source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book SELECT John Doe , 555 1212 UNION ALL SELECT Peter Doe , 555 2323 source Note that this is not a valid SQL statement according to the SQL standard SQL ... consists of a single row only source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book SELECT John Doe , 555 1212 ... of this logic shows the following example, or as shown above source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book ... LATERAL VALUES 1 AS t c source Oracle PL SQL supports the INSERT ALL statement, where multiple insert statements are terminated by a SELECT ref cite web url http psoug.org snippet Oracle PL SQL INSERT ALL 589.htm title Oracle PL SQL INSERT ALL work psoug.org accessdate 2010 09 02 ref source lang sql INSERT ALL INTO phone book VALUES John Doe , 555 1212 INTO phone book VALUES Peter Doe , 555 2323 ... like this source lang sql INSERT INTO phone book name , number SELECT John Doe , 555 1212 FROM RDB .... All this is done in a single SQL statement that does not involve any intermediary processing in the client ... more details
Infobox software name SQL Ledger logo screenshot Image Sql ledger login.png 200px caption SQL Ledger login screen author developer DWS Systems Inc. released latest release version 3.0.2 latest release date release date and age 2012 04 15 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Any Unix like , Mac OS , Microsoft Windows Windows ref name About cite web url http www.sql ledger.org cgi bin nav.pl?page about.html&title About title SQL Ledger ERP accessdate 2007 05 07 ref platform Cross platform ref name About language status genre double entry book keeping double entry accounting system license GNU General Public License ref name TC cite web url http sql ledger.com cgi bin nav.pl ... http www.sql ledger.org SQL Ledger is an Enterprise resource planning ERP and double entry book keeping double entry accounting system. Accounting data is stored in an SQL Database Server and a standard ... cite web url http sql ledger.com cgi bin nav.pl?page misc terms.html&title Legal 20Stuff title Legal ... Turkish Ukrainian Licensing Issues At its inception, SQL Ledger used the GNU GPL 2.0 license. In 2005 ... msg00044.html ref In late 2006, LedgerSMB was created as a secure fork of SQL Ledger. In early 2007, SQL Ledger 2.8 was released under the SQL Ledger Open Source License , ref http yro.slashdot.org article.pl ... code has been released under. ref http www.purple.dropbear.id.au sql ledger license changed .... However, within a month, SQL Ledger 2.8.1 was released, under the GNU GPL 2.0. See also Portal Free software Ledger123 , a software fork fork of version 2 of SQL Ledger by ledger123.com. LedgerSMB , another ... website http www.sql ledger.org https github.com Tekki sql ledger Github repository unofficial http www.ledger123.com Ledger123 web site DEFAULTSORT Sql Ledger Category Free accounting software Category Perl software Category Free software programmed in Perl Category Cross platform software de SQL Ledger ERP fr SQL Ledger ru SQL Ledger ... more details
PL SQL Procedural Language Structured Query Language is Oracle Corporation s Procedural programming procedural extension programming language language for SQL and the Oracle Database Oracle relational database . PL SQL s general Syntax programming languages syntax resembles that of Ada programming language Ada or Pascal programming language Pascal . PL SQL is one of three key programming languages embedded in the Oracle Database, along with SQL itself and Java programming language Java . PL SQL is available ... dm 0907oracleappsondb2 index.html ref Introduction PL SQL supports variable programming variable s, Conditional ... data type Array s are also supported, though in a somewhat unusual way, involving the use of PL SQL collections. PL SQL collections is a slightly advanced topic. Implementations from version 8 of Oracle Database onwards have included features associated with Object PL SQL object orientation . PL SQL ... thus embed PL SQL units of functionality into the database directly. They also can write scripts containing PL SQL program units that can be read into the database using the Oracle SQL Plus tool. Once ... SQL code using straightforward SQL statements, Data Definition Language DDL requires more complex Dynamic SQL statements to be written in the PL SQL code. However, DML statements underpin the majority of PL SQL code in typical software applications. In the case of PL SQL dynamic SQL, early versions of the Oracle Database required the use of a complicated Oracle code DBMS SQL code package library. More recent versions have however introduced a simpler Native Dynamic SQL , along with an associated ... with each successive release of the Oracle Database. PL SQL program units Anonymous blocks ... form the basis of the simplest PL SQL code, and have the following structure source lang PLSQL label ... has a SQL Error Number and SQL Error Message associated with it. Programmers can access these by using ... in a variable. The major datatype s in PL SQL include NUMBER, INTEGER, CHAR, VARCHAR2, DATE, TIMESTAMP ... more details
Nonstop SQL is software that is developed and sold by Hewlett Packard . Nonstop SQL is a commercial relational database management system that is designed for fault tolerance and scalability . The latest version of the product is SQL MX 3.0. This was released in February 2011. The product was originally developed by Tandem Computers . Tandem was acquired by Compaq in 1997. List of acquisitions by Hewlett Packard Compaq was later acquired by Hewlett Packard in 2001 . The product primarily is used for online transaction processing and is tailored for organizations that need high availability and scalability for their database system. Typical users of the product are stock exchanges and bank ATM networks ref name benchmark History NonStop SQL is designed to run effectively on parallel computers, adding functionality for distributed data, distributed execution, and distributed transactions. First released in 1987, a second version in 1989 ref name origPaper added the ability to run queries ... linearly with the number of processors in the machine adding a second CPU to an existing NonStop SQL ... Parallel. A third version, NonStop SQL MX, was an attempt by Tandem Computers to create a product that was more SQL ANSI compliant than its predecessor. To enter competition with other vendors .... NonStop SQL MX has shipped on the NonStop platform since 2002, and can access tables that have been created by NonStop SQL MP, although only Native SQL MX tables offer the ANSI compliance and many Oracle like enhancements. HP Neoview business intelligence platform was built using Nonstop SQL as its origins. Nonstop SQL MX still thrives today and is the only OLTP database product HP owns. See also ... References Reflist refs ref name origPaper The Tandem Database Group, NonStop SQL, A Distributed, High Performance, HighAvailability Implementation of SQL,Proceedings of 2nd High Performance Transaction ... Performance Group,A Benchmark of NonStop SQL on the Debit Credit Transaction,Proceedings of the 1988 ... more details
Use mdy dates date February 2012 SQL injection is an often used technique to attack databases through a website. This is done by including portions of SQL statements in a web form entry field in an attempt to get the website to pass a newly formed rogue SQL command to the database e.g. dump the database contents to the attacker . SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a security ... filtered for string literal escape sequences escape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not Strongly typed programming language strongly typed and unexpectedly executed. SQL commands ... to the attacker. SQL injection is mostly known as an attack vector for websites but can be used to attack any type of SQL database. In operational environments, it has been noted that applications ... 09 sql injection by the numbers.html ref When under direct attack, some applications occasionally came ... Forms and Validity SQL Injection Attack SQLIA is considered one of the top 10 web application ... depending on the technical aspects of the attack s deployment Classic SQLIA Inference SQL Injection Interacting with SQL Injection DBMS specific SQLIA Compounded SQLIA Some security researchers ... Joe McCray Advanced SQL Injection LayerOne 2009 publisher YouTube date accessdate 2011 06 03 ref ... is a new term derived from research on SQL Injection Attacking Vector in combination with other different web application attacks as SQL Injection Insufficient authentication ref cite web url http ... publisher Xiom date accessdate 2011 06 03 ref SQL Injection DDos attacks ref cite web url http www.xiom.com ... Xiom date accessdate 2011 06 03 ref SQL Injection DNS hijacking ref http www.xiom.com whid list DNS 20Hijacking dead link date June 2011 ref SQL Injection Cross site scripting XSS ref http www.darkreading.com security management showArticle.jhtml?articleID 211201482 ref A complete overview of the SQL ... KD SQLIA Classification 2010.png thumb right alt A Classification of SQL Injection Attacking Vector ... more details
A relational database management system uses SQL code MERGE code upsert statements to code insert SQL INSERT code new records or code update SQL UPDATE code existing records depending on whether or not a condition SQL condition matches. It was officially introduced in the SQL 2003 standard, and expanded in the SQL 2008 standard. Usage source lang sql MERGE INTO table name USING table reference ON condition WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET column1 value1 , column2 value2 ... WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT column1 , column2 ... VALUES value1 , value2 ... source Join SQL Right outer join Right join is employed over the Target the INTO table and the Source the USING table view sub query . That is rows present in the Source but missing from the Target do run the action specifically the NOT MATCHED action .... If multiple Source rows match a given Target row, an error is mandated by SQL 2003 standards. You ... systems Oracle Database , IBM DB2 DB2 , Teradata and MS SQL support the standard syntax. Some also add non standard SQL extensions. Synonymous Some database implementations adopted the term Upsert ... in Microsoft SQL Azure and MongoDB . The SQL 2003 defines a code MERGE code statement that provides ... similar behavior, through their own, non standard SQL extensions. MySQL , for example, supports the use ... code Guard computing guards . Microsoft SQL extends with supporting guards and also with supporting ... cite web title Cross Compare of SQL Server, MySQL, and PostgreSQL date May 18, 2008 url http www.postgresonline.com journal archives 51 Cross Compare of SQL Server, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.html work Postgres ... DB2 v9 MERGE statement http msdn.microsoft.com en us library bb510625.aspx SQL Server 2008 documentation http www.h2database.com html grammar.html merge H2 1.2 SQL Syntax page SQL DEFAULTSORT Merge Sql Category SQL keywords Category Articles with example SQL code database stub cs MERGE lv Merge SQL ja MERGE SQL ru Merge SQL ... more details
Refimprove date October 2009 SQL Anywhere is a Relational database management system relational database management system RDBMS product from the company Sybase iAnywhere , a subsidiary of Sybase . Features SQL Anywhere can be run on Microsoft Windows Windows , Windows CE , Mac OS X , and various UNIX platforms, including Linux , AIX , HP UX and Solaris operating system Solaris . Database files are independent of the operating system , allowing them to be copied between supported platforms. The product provides several standard interfaces ODBC , JDBC , and ADO.NET and a number of special interfaces such as PHP and Perl . The engine supports stored procedure s, user functions using Watcom SQL , T SQL , Java software platform Java , or C programming language C C , Database trigger triggers , referential ... files and client server communication. Uses SQL Anywhere is used in several contexts, including ... QuickBooks ref cite web title QuickBooks replaces its flat file system with SQL Anywhere from ... server based RDBMS systems. History Initially created by Watcom as Watcom SQL . Version 3 1992 Watcom acquired by PowerSoft in 1993 Watcom SQL shipped with their visual programming environment PowerBuilder ... Watcom SQL was renamed SQL Anywhere . Version 5 1995 SQL Remote data replication graphical administration ..., embedded HTTP server Version 10 2006 renamed SQL Anywhere high availability , intra query parallel ... of SQL Anywhere 10 url http www.sybase.com detail?id 1042264 publisher Sybase press release date ... Announces Availability of SQL Anywhere 11 url http www.sybase.com detail?id 1057559 publisher ... cite web title Sybase Advances its Mobile and Embedded Database Leadership Position with SQL Anywhere ... sqlanywhere SQL Anywhere official product page http www.sybase.com ianywhere Sybase iAnywhere main page http www.da soft.com anydac SQL Anywhere and more Data Access Components for Embarcadero Delphi ... database stub es Adaptive Server Anywhere it SQL Anywhere Studio lv SQL anywhere pl Adaptive Server ... more details
Null in database theory . Null is a special marker used in SQL Structured Query Language SQL to indicate ... relational database model, Edgar F. Codd E. F. Codd , SQL Null serves to fulfill the requirement ... Greek omega symbol to represent Null in database theory . code NULL code is also an SQL reserved ... requirements for its use in Join SQLSQL joins , and the special handling required by aggregate functions and SQL grouping operators. Although special functions and predicates are provided to properly ... Management, Version 2 that the single Null mandated by the SQL standard was inadequate, and should ... Wesley Publishing Company isbn 0 201 14192 2 ref Codd s recommendation would have required SQL s logic ... to Null, is Unknown source lang sql SELECT 10 NULL Results in Unknown source However, certain operations ... circuited form source lang sql SELECT TRUE OR NULL Results in True source In this case, the fact ... would be True regardless of the value on the right. SQL implements three logical results, so SQL ... SQL three valued logic are shown in the tables below p and q represent logical states ref name fourrules cite journal last Coles, Michael title Four Rules for Nulls journal SQL Server Central ... ref Image 3VL Truth Table.png 600px thumb right SQL Ternary logic three valued logic 3VL truth table . Basic SQL comparison operators always return Unknown when comparing anything with Null, so the SQL standard provides for two special Null specific comparison predicates. The code ... SQL2003 Part2 Sec87 cite book last ISO IEC title ISO IEC 9075 2 2003, SQL Foundation publisher ISO IEC year 2003 pages Section 8.7 null predicate nopp true ref Data typing Null is untyped in SQL, meaning ... SQL2003 Part1 Sec442 cite book last ISO IEC title ISO IEC 9075 1 2003, SQL Framework publisher ISO IEC ..., if overloaded functions are supported by the RDBMS, SQL might not be able to automatically resolve ... Null is passed. Data Manipulation Language SQL three valued logic is encountered in Data Manipulation ... more details
In SQL , the code TRUNCATE TABLE code statement is a Data Definition Language DDL operation that marks the extents of a table for deallocation empty for reuse . The result of this operation quickly removes all data from a Table database table , typically bypassing a number of integrity enforcing mechanisms. It was officially introduced in the SQL 2008 standard. The code TRUNCATE TABLE mytable code statement is logically though not physically equivalent to the code Delete SQL DELETE FROM mytable code statement without a code Where SQL WHERE code clause . The following characteristics distinguish code TRUNCATE TABLE code from code DELETE code In the Oracle Database , code TRUNCATE code is implicitly preceded and followed by a Commit data management commit operation. This may also be the case in MySQL , depending on the chosen storage engine. Typically, code TRUNCATE TABLE code quickly deletes all records in a table by deallocating the data pages used by the table. This reduces the resource overhead of Transaction log logging the deletions, as well as the number of Lock database locks acquired. Records removed this way cannot be restored in a rollback operation. Two notable exceptions to this rule are the implementations found in PostgreSQL and Microsoft SQL Server , both of which allow code TRUNCATE TABLE code statements to be committed or rolled back transactionally. You cannot specify a code WHERE code clause in a code TRUNCATE TABLE code statement it is all or nothing. code TRUNCATE TABLE code cannot be used when a foreign key references the table to be truncated, since code ... SQL Server 2000 and beyond in full recovery mode, every change to the database is logged, so code TRUNCATE ... on transaction log backup and the restore process in SQL Server publisher Microsoft date December 2005 ref References references Notes SQL DEFAULTSORT Truncate Sql Category SQL keywords database stub compu lang stub cs TRUNCATE hr Truncate SQL ja TRUNCATE SQL ru Truncate SQL uk Truncate SQL ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox Company company name SQL Star International Limited company type Public a company logo Image Image SQL logo.gif company slogan Knowledge to keep you in business foundation 1987 location Hyderabad, India Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh , India key people Sunil Gupta , small Chairman and Managing Director small industry IT services services IT Education, EGovernance, Enterprise Services num employees 1,100 As on 31st March 2008 homepage http www.sqlstar.com www.sqlstar.com SQL Star International Limited is an IT services company headquartered in Hyderabad, India . Its three main divisions are Knowledge Services, Enterprise Services and e Governance. It is also listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange . BSE 532249 ref cite news title SQL Star to star in education sector url http economictimes.indiatimes.com Features Financial Times SQL Star to star in education sector articleshow 4626628.cms accessdate 29 June 2010 newspaper The Economic Times date 7 June 2009 ref ref cite news title Superstar Exports to buy 15.61 pc stake in SQL Star url http www.moneycontrol.com news business sql star to provide strategic outsourcing services 205032.html accessdate 29 June 2010 newspaper Business Line ref The company provides IT Education to corporates and individuals. In March 2008, SQL Star launched its e learning portal thelearningport.com. ref cite news title SQL Star learning portal url http www.thehindubusinessline.com 2008 03 08 stories 2008030851540401.htm accessdate ... with SQL Star to be authorised training partner and advanced business partner for Red Hat ... SQL Star and Sujana show the way url http economictimes.indiatimes.com Features Financial Times How to diversify and survive SQL Star and Sujana show the way articleshow 5280827.cms?curpg 2 accessdate ... Linux platform called Embinux. ref cite news title SQL Star expands education reach url http www.dnaindia.com money report sql star expands education reach 1157461 accessdate 29 June 2010 newspaper ... more details
advertising date January 2012 Watcom SQL was a relational database for IBM PC compatible PC platforms released by Watcom in 1992. It was renamed to SQL Anywhere Studio after Watcom joined Powersoft which was subsequently acquired by Sybase . The Watcom SQL 4.0 family of databases are based on scalable technology that combines a full featured SQL database engine with unparalleled simplicity, economy and performance. Watcom SQL version 4.0 is designed for environments ranging from large departmental networks with a diverse range of PC client systems to peer to peer workgroups to standalone PCs. Watcom SQL Version 4.0 is available immediately in standalone versions for Windows and multi user network server versions for NetWare. Standalone and multi user versions for OS 2, Windows NT Windows New Technology A 32 bit operating system from Microsoft for Intel x86 CPUs. NT is the core technology in Windows 2000 and Windows XP see Windows . Available in separate client and server versions, it includes built in networking and preemptive multitasking. and DOS will be available within sixty days. To meet the needs of the shrink wrapped server marketplace, Watcom SQL was designed with a small footprint for the desktop PC and LAN server environments, said Ian McPhee, president of Watcom. Watcom SQL requires minimal database administration, takes only a few minutes to install and offers excellent performance out of the box without tuning. The addition of stored procedures and triggers to Watcom SQL 4.0 brings industrial strength features to the workgroup database market, said Herb Edelstein ... firm. Workgroup users will appreciate the functionality added to Watcom SQL, a database that remains easy to set up and run. The Watcom SQL database fits perfectly into our plans, said Jim Braun ... our organization, and Watcom SQL 4.0 gave us this, in addition to stored procedures and triggers. Watcom SQL is an impressive, economical package of performance and functionality. References Reflist ... more details
. The SQL SELECT statement returns a result set of records from one or more Table database tables . ref cite web url http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library ms189499.aspx title Transact SQL Syntax ... select.html title SQL SELECT Syntax accessdate author MySQL ref A SELECT statement retrieves zero or more ... applications, code SELECT code is the most commonly used Data Manipulation Language DML command. As SQL ... constraints. The SELECT statement has many optional clauses code Where SQL WHERE code specifies which rows to retrieve. code Group by SQL GROUP BY code groups rows sharing a property so that an aggregate function can be applied to each group. code Having SQL HAVING code selects among the groups defined by the GROUP BY clause. code Order by SQL ORDER BY code specifies an order in which to return ... to do this often varies per vendor. In International Organization for Standardization ISO SQL 2003 , result sets may be limited by using Cursor databases cursors , or By introducing SQL window function to the SELECT statement ISO SQL 2008 introduced the code FETCH FIRST code clause. ROW NUMBER ... to return no more than ten rows source lang sql SELECT FROM SELECT ROW NUMBER OVER ORDER BY sort key ... to return the top 10 youngest persons source lang sql SELECT FROM SELECT RANK OVER ORDER BY age ... rows. FETCH FIRST clause Since ISO SQL 2008 results limits can be specified as in the following example ... currently is supported by IBM DB2, Sybase SQL Anywhere, PostgreSQL, EffiProz and HSQLDB version ... are listed code SELECT FROM T LIMIT 10 OFFSET 20 code Netezza , MySQL , SQL Anywhere Sybase SQL Anywhere ... was introduced in a v10.00.xC4 fixpack code SELECT TOP 10 FROM T code Microsoft SQL Server MS SQL ... SELECT TOP 10 START AT 20 FROM T code SQL Anywhere Sybase SQL Anywhere also supports the standard ... for hierarchical data . Window function A window function in SQL 2003 is an aggregate function applied ... statement according to ANSI SQL would be the following ref Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005 T SQL ... more details
Portal Computer security SQL Slammer is a computer worm that caused a denial of service on some Internet hosts and dramatically slowed down general Internet traffic , starting at 05 30 UTC on January 25, 2003. It spread rapidly, infecting most of its 75,000 victims within ten minutes. So named by Christopher J. Rouland, the CTO of ISS, Slammer was first brought to the attention of the public by Michael Bacarella see Notes notes below . Although titled SQL slammer worm , the program did not use the SQL language it exploited a buffer overflow bug in Microsoft s flagship Microsoft SQL Server SQL Server and MSDE Desktop Engine database products, for which a patch had been released six months earlier ... W32.SQLExp.Worm, DDOS.SQLP1434.A, the Sapphire Worm, SQL HEL, W32 SQLSlammer and Helkern. ref cite ... address happens to belong to a host that is running an unpatched copy of Microsoft SQL Server ... removal utility see external link below , or it can even be removed by restarting SQL Server although ... security vulnerability in SQL Server first reported by Microsoft on July 24, 2002. A patch had been ... slowed down or in some cases stopped altogether. Ironically, because the SQL Slammer worm was so ... contributed to SQL Slammer s rapid propagation. The worm infected new hosts over User Datagram Protocol ... Bacarella who posted a message to the Bugtraq security mailing list entitled MS SQL WORM IS DESTROYING ... 2003 Jan 0221.html title MS SQL Worm is Destroying Internet Block Port 1434 publisher Bugtraq date ... issforum 0301 msg00099.html title ISS Security Brief Microsoft SQL Slammer Worm Propagation work ... article.pl?sid 03 01 25 1245206&mode flat&tid 109 MS SQL Server Worm Wreaking Havoc http ... SQL Server Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute DEFAULTSORT Sql Slammer Category Exploit based worms Category Denial of service attacks de SQL Slammer fr SQL Slammer ko SQL Slammer it SQL Slammer nl SQL Slammer ja SQL Slammer pl SQL Slammer simple SQL slammer worm ... more details
Butler SQL is a now defunct SQL based database server for the classic Mac OS from EveryWare Development. For much of its history it was partnered with another EveryWare product, Tango, that built dynamic database pages from SQL data. The product eventually ended up with Pervasive Software , although it is no longer sold. Butler was introduced to take advantage of new a Mac OS component known as the Data Access Manager DAM , which was similar in concept to ODBC , allowing end user client programs to access various data sources. Butler itself used another Apple technology, Data Access Language DAL , which was a variant of SQL that included additional flow control and data manipulation instructions. Butler spoke DAL as its native internal language, and supplied a number of DAM extensions to provide connectivity over a variety of networking systems. Butler 2.0, released in May 1996, added direct ODBC links as well. Butler suffered from performance problems due to the single user nature of the Mac OS. In particular, file access was single threaded and multitasking was coordinated by the applications, not the operating system. References Lawrence Charters, http www.wap.org meetings GM0196.html Data, Data EveryWare , January 1996 General Meeting , Washington Apple Pi http www.allbusiness.com technology software services applications network software 7229096 1.html EveryWare ships Butler SQL 2.0 , Business Wire , 13 May 1996 Category Discontinued software Category Mac OS software Category Proprietary database management systems ... more details
An alias is a feature of SQL that is supported by most, if not all, RDBMS relational database management systems RDBMSs . br Aliases provide Database administrator Database Administrators DBAs , as well as other database users, with two things Reduces the amount of code required for a query, and To make queries generally simpler to follow. There are two types of aliases in SQL Table aliases Column aliases You can give another name to a table for the duration of the SELECT query by using an alias. This does not rename the database table This is often useful when you have very long or complex table names. An alias name could be anything, but usually it is kept short. For example, it might be common to use a table alias such as pi for a table named price information . br br Syntax SELECT FROM table name AS alias name br AS is an optional keyword. br br Here is some sample data that the queries below will be referencing class wikitable style text align center float left margin left 5px Department Table DepartmentID DepartmentName 31 Sales 33 Engineering 34 Clerical 35 Marketing br clear all Using a table alias SELECT D.DepartmentName FROM Department AS D br We can also write the same query like this Note that the AS clause is missing this time SELECT D.DepartmentName FROM Department D br A column alias is similar SELECT d.DepartmentId AS Id, d.DepartmentName AS Name FROM Department d In the returned result sets, the data shown above would be returned, with the only exception being DepartmentID would show up as Id , and DepartmentName would show up as Name . br br Also, if only one table is being selected and the query is not using Join SQL table joins , it is permissible to omit the table name or table alias from the column name in the SELECT statement. Example as follows SELECT DepartmentId AS Id, DepartmentName AS Name FROM Department d Category SQL ... more details
A SQL join clause combines records from two or more table database table s in a database. It creates ... two tables by using values common to each. ANSI standard SQL specifies four types of code JOIN code ... department. This is the SQL to create the aforementioned tables. source lang sql CREATE TABLE ... records which satisfy the join predicate. Actual SQL implementations normally use other approaches ... inefficient. SQL specifies two different syntactical ways to express joins explicit join notation ... example source lang sql SELECT FROM employee INNER JOIN department ON employee.DepartmentID department.DepartmentID ... is equivalent to the previous one, but this time using implicit join notation source lang sql SELECT ... Null SQL NULL values, since NULL will never match any other value not even NULL itself , unless the join ... of an equi join source lang sql SELECT FROM employee JOIN department ON employee.DepartmentID department.DepartmentID source If columns in an equijoin have the same name, SQL 92 provides an optional ... with the USING Keyword ref source lang sql SELECT FROM employee INNER JOIN department USING DepartmentID ... USING code clause is not supported by SQL Server and Sybase. Natural join A natural join is a type of equi ... sample query for inner joins can be expressed as a natural join in the following way source lang sql ... support natural joins, but not Microsoft T SQL or IBM DB2. The columns used in the join are implicit ... http database.blogs.webucator.com 2010 03 31 why sql server doesnt support natural join syntax Why SQL Server Doesn t Support Natural Join Syntax ref Cross join CROSS JOIN returns the Cartesian product ... the first table with each row from the second table. ref http www.sqlguides.com sql cross join.php SQL CROSS JOIN ref Example of an explicit cross join source lang sql SELECT FROM employee CROSS JOIN department source Example of an implicit cross join source lang sql SELECT FROM employee, department ... SQL. Left outer join The result of a left outer join or simply left join for table A and B always contains ... more details
orphan date August 2010 A nested table is a Table database table that is embedded within another table. Individual elements can be inserted, updated, and deleted in a nested table. Since individual Element mathematics elements can be modified in a nested table, they are more flexible than an array data structure array because elements in an array can only be modified as a whole, not individually. A nested table doesn t have a maximum size, and an arbitrary number of elements can be stored in it. See also Query optimizer External links http blogs.ittoolbox.com oracle guide archives oracle collections a definition in plain english part 2 6003 Oracle Collections A Definition in Plain English Part 2 http www.oraclepressonline.com toc.jsp?bookid 8172&prevbkid &nextbkid Oracle Database 10g SQL Oracle Press Category Database management systems Category SQL Category Relational database management systems ... more details
saved book title Oracle PL SQL subtitle cover image cover color sort as Pl Sql Oracle PL SQL Oracle Database SQL PL SQL Data Definition Language Data Manipulation Language Data Control Language Database Table database Table Insert SQL Insert Unique key Select SQL Select Update SQL Update Delete SQL Delete Where SQL Where Null SQL Null Order by ... more details
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