itself, not to any actual explicit popular analysis. ref name Raimo Anttila 1989 pp 92 93 Folk etymology as a productive force The technical term folk etymology , a translation of the German language ...this a technical term in linguistics incorrect popular etymologies false etymology Folk etymology is change ... familiar one. ref Oxford English Dictionary Online , folk etymology, usually, the popular perversion ... folk 20etymology&f false Folk Etymology ref ref R.L. Trask , Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics , http books.google.com books?id EHeGzQ8wuLQC&dq oxford linguistics 27&q folk etymology v snippet&q folk 20etymology&f false Folk Etymology ref ref Folk Etymology , p 142, The Concise ... 5&ved 0CDwQ6AEwBA v onepage&q folk 20etymology&f false Folk Etymology Winfred Lehmann , Historical linguistics an Introduction. ref ref name langhist cite book last Sihler first Andrew L. title ... books?id 85zS w AaP0C&pg PA86&dq 22folk etymology 22 isbn 9789027236975 ref Unanalyzable ..., in these examples, sparrow grass and sandblind . ref name Raimo Anttila 1989 pp 92 93 Raimo Anttila ... etymology , a loan translation from the 19th Century academic German language German Volksetymologie .... The results of medieval etymology , for example, were plausible given the insights available at the time ... of the word and thus becomes a part of a new etymology. Believing a word to have a certain origin, people ... Algeo, 1993. ref In heraldry, canting arms which may express a name by one or more elements only significant by virtue of the supposed etymology may reinforce a folk etymology for a noun proper, usually of a place. Citation needed date November 2010 Examples of words modified by folk etymology In linguistic change caused by folk etymology, the form of a word changes so that it better matches its ... book title The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology last Barnhart first Robert K. editor link Robert ... etymology from Wiktionary lantern lantern as old lanterns were glazing glazed with strips ... more details
Union Station in Pittsburgh showing the spelling as of 1900. The name of the city of Pittsburgh ... with an h at the end of a burg suffix. Etymology Pittsburgh was named in honor of William Pitt ... as being defensible, such as a hill, a fort, or a fortified settlement. ref name Harper cite web url ... Etymology Dictionary accessdate 6 August 2010 ref ref group note See Burgh EtymologyEtymology of Burgh ... Years War Seven Years War . The earliest known reference to the new name of the settlement is in a letter ... Pitt that his name had been given to the place. In that letter, the spelling is given as Pittsbourgh. ref name CLPGH http www.clpgh.org exhibit apology1.html How to Spell Pittsburgh , Carnegie Library ... 18, 2009 ref As a Scotsman, General Forbes probably pronounced the name IPAc en icon p t s b ... ED in b r . ref name CLPGH ref name Van Trump cite web url http www.phlf.org 2000 12 21 the controversial ... February 2010 ref ref name Boehmig 2007 cite book last Boehmig first Stuart P. title Downtown Pittsburgh ... 2010 ref ref name Bannon 2008 cite web url http www.youtube.com watch?v omaJWkm24Rk title The Naming ... is found on a surveying survey map made for the Penn family in 1769. Citation needed date January ... copies of the document printed at the time. ref name CLPGH Even before the name of the city was temporarily ... the spelling used in 1910. The city s name is commonly misspelled as Pittsburg due to the fact that innumerable ... spelling of the city s name was temporarily changed to Pittsburg . Official elimination and restoration ... should drop the final h . ref name 13Principles cite book last United States Board on Geographic Names .... Off. page 8 ref The Board compiled a report of place name decisions , also in 1891, in which the city s name was rendered Pittsburg . ref name stewart cite book last Stewart first George R. authorlink ... name of the city had always been Pittsburg . However, the members of the board seem to have been unaware that the original copy of the 1816 charter specified the name of the city to be Pittsburgh ... more details
This article describes several theories on Etymology of Kolkata , erstwhile Calcutta in English language English the capital of the India n eastern state of West Bengal . The rent roll of Akbar , the sixteenth century Mughal Empire Mughal emperor, and the work of a Bengali poet, Bipradaas , of the late fifteenth century, both make mention of the city s early name s being Kolikata , from which Kolkata Calcutta are said to derive. ref http www.britannica.com eb article 9821 Calcutta Britannica entry ref There is lot of discussion on how the city got its name. There are different views on the issue. The most popular and likely one is that the city got its name from its connection to the Hindu goddess Kali with the original name s being Kalikshetra , meaning the place of K li . Other more or less plausible theories abound, like The name derived from the location of the original settlement beside a khal which means canal in Bengali language Bengali According to another theory, the place was known for the manufacture of shell lime.And the name derived from lime kali and burnt shell kata . the name may have been derived from the Bengali term kilkila flat area . ref name calcuttawebhistory cite web url http www.calcuttaweb.com history.shtml title Kolkata Calcutta History publisher Calcuttaweb.com language accessdate 2006 06 01 ref An interesting anecdote exists on the nomenclature of Kolkata. According to it, a United Kingdom British merchant was traveling through the village, when he came upon a peasant stacking hay into the barn . Not knowing where he was, the merchant asked the peasant about that place. The peasant, unfortunately did not understand English language English , and he ..., which here means harvested . The merchant was happy in the knowledge that he had learned about the name ... India Company bought three villages Sutanuti, Kalikata and Gobindapur from a local landlord family ... names Kolkata, Etymology of ... more details
Kalamazoo is the name of several places in the U.S. state of Michigan The Kalamazoo River The City of Kalamazoo, Michigan Kalamazoo Kalamazoo Township, Michigan Kalamazoo Township Kalamazoo County, Michigan Kalamazoo County All are named after the river, but there is uncertainty concerning the origin of the river s name. A number of etymology etymologies some of them folk etymology folk etymologies have been proposed, all of which suggest that the name was derived from the languages of indigenous peoples. Some of the theories are It is derived from the Potawatomi word negikanamazo , which is variously translated as otter tail or stones like otters. This could refer to area wildlife. This interpretation ... to the once clear waters of the river, ref name Romig cite book first1 Walter last1 Romig title Michigan ... . ref http clarke.cmich.edu localhistory Kalamazoo.htm Clarke Historical Museum, Kalamazoo etymology, Kalamazoo County Central Michigan University . ref The current name used by the local Ojibwa ... cured. The explanation given for this name is that the dark waters of the Kalamazoo River have a smokey .... Early official papers make reference to the name of Kalamazoo as derived from Native American language ... from the Indian name of the river, Ke kanaamazoo , the boiling pot . There had been various transliterations ... of l . Vogel cites Father Chrysostam Verwyst stating the name Kalamazoo comes from Ojibwe ... Schoolcraft s opinion that the name was from negikanamazoo , or otters beneath the surface as an etymological ... this label . Vogel also dismisses the view that the name means mirage or reflecting river . Instead ... the name of a creek in Ingham County, Michigan Ingham County a mangled form of Killomick , a variant of an early name for the Calumet River , which meant deep, still water References cite book last Vogel ... location Ann Arbor, Michigan id ISBN 0 472 10069 6 cite web title How Kalamazoo Got Its Name work ... of geographic names Kalamazoo, Etymology of ... more details
The Etymology of Assam is an issue that often comes up for debate in the India n state of Assam . In the latest instance, the Government of Assam under the Indian National Congress has sought to change the name of the state from Assam to Asom . This move has been opposed by a wide range of people, triggering once again a public debate. The academic consensus is that the name is associated with the Ahom kingdom called Kingdom of Assam in medieval times , established by the Shan people Shan prince Sukaphaa in the 13th and which existed till 19th century for nearly 600 years. According to historian Satyendra Nath Sarma, ref Sarma, Satyendra Nath 1976 Assamese Literature , Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. ref blockquote While the Shan invaders called themselves Tai, they came to be referred to as s m , sam and sometimes as Acam by the indigenous people of the country. The modern Assamese word hom ... was subsequently transferred to the country over which they ruled and thus the name K mar pa ... there exists an academic consensus on the association of Assam with the Ahom kingdom , the exact etymology is not clear. Look Etymology of Assam Theories on etymology below for some theories. Theories on etymology According to one theory, the word Assam is derived from the Indo Aryan languages Indo ... writers like Edward Gait believe that the word Assam is derived from Ahom . ref name SureshKant Discovery ... to be known as Ahom. There are multiple theories on this ref name SureshKant Discovery the word Ahom ... the Kurukshetra war with an army of kirata and cinas . Since the name China is derived from the Qin ... of British East India Company, in their relationships with the last few Ahom kings, the name of country ... and Nagaland . After the British took control of the region, the name Assam was extended to the province ... Hills Mizoram . The boundaries of Assam have been redrawn many times after that, but the name ... . Notes reflist Category Assam Category Etymologies of geographic names Assam, Etymology of Category ... more details
stronghold, but the name originates from earlier times when the Britons historical Britons the Welsh on this map lived there. Wiktionarypar Aber aber The Etymology of Aberdeen which is the meaning origin of the word is that of the name first used for the city of Aberdeen , Scotland . It is the original, which then gave its name to other Aberdeens around the world as Aberdonians left Scotland to settle ... of Aberdeen. Originally the name was Aberdon which literally means at the mouth of the Don , as it is situated ... and Inver as place name elements In reference to Aberdeen, Aber is pronounced locally as IPA non eb r ... also be used as a metaphor for a harbour. ref name Charnock cite book author Richard Stephen Charnock title Local Etymology A Derivative Dictionary of Geographical Names year 1859 publisher Houlston and Wright url http books.google.com books?id r2YDAAAAQAAJ&dq Richard Stephen Charnock. Local Etymology .... It probably refers to Devona , which is a name of one or both of the Rivers River Don, Aberdeenshire ..., the name is rendered into Scottish Gaelic slightly differently. Two variant spellings of Aberdeen are Obaireadhain ... referred to Aberdeen with various Canon basic principle Canon ical names Aberdonia ref name Hofmann Hofmann, Johann Jacob 1635 1706 Lexicon Universale ref Aberdona ref name Hofmann Verniconam ref name Hofmann Aberdonum ref name Graesse Dr. J. G. Th. Graesse Orbis Latinus Lexikon lateinischer ..., with their modern equivalents re edited and expanded in 1972 . ref Aberdonium ref name Graesse Abredonia ref name Graesse Devanha a name references in modern times by the street, Devanha Gardens ... times Devana the Roman name at the time was the capital of the ancient tribal area Taexali ... Of Geography of 146 AD ref name CIVIC SOCIETY cite web url http beehive.thisisnorthscotland.co.uk default.asp ... 2007 05 20 ref Deva for the river Dee, Aberdeenshire river Dee and also the Roman name for other river Dee s in Scotland and Wales but also the name of the Deva River , Spain ref name CIVIC SOCIETY ... more details
The etymology of the name of the city of London has been the subject of speculation for centuries, though ... where he published his own theory of the etymology, lists all the known occurrences of the name up to around ... name recorded, and that D Arbois suggested etymology for it from Celtic londo , fierce would ... s name is derived from the name of Lud son of Heli King Lud who once controlled the city ... article ref name coates cite journal last Coates first Richard year 1998 title A new explanation of the name .... 18 , attributes the origin of the name to dun Elevated and easily defensible spots were chosen in pre ... in varying forms. Philology Coates discusses various aspects of the phonemic form of the name ... several arguments of his own, including the form of the name in Welsh lang cy Llundein . Coates discusses the ending of the name, whose exact shape he says is a problem. He observes that the ending ... accepts Jackson s argument ref name jackson cite journal last Jackson first Kenneth H. journal Antiquity ... to Geoffrey of Monmouth . In Historia Regum Britanniae , the name is described as originating ... s work contains many fanciful suppositions about place name derivation and the suggestion has no basis in linguistics. ref name legend http chr.org.uk legends.htm Legends of London s Origins Bot generated ... that the name might come from Brythonic lhwn modern Welsh lang cy Llwn meaning grove and town . Thus ... title Conjecture on the Etymology of London url http books.google.com ?id xj8lAAAAMAAJ&pg PA453 ... Briton title Etymology of London year 1821 pages 42 43 url http books.google.com ?id tnEEAAAAQAAJ&pg ...&dq 22etymology of london 22 ref Alexander Jones says that the Welsh name derives from Llyn Dain , meaining ... PA60&dq 22etymology of London 22 publisher K. Baedeker ref asserts that The etymology of London ... refutes it saying that the origin of the name was most likely Old English language Saxon . Another ... ref name coates says p. 211 that The earliest non mythic speculation ... centred on the possibility ... more details
nepremenno , vosto a tail, from hvost , the nickname pet name suffixes jo and njo from ..., Mrs. , reanalysed as rebb etzin, and that Zamenhof made up the German etymology after the fact ... , aksia n worthy . Greek was perhaps also the model of stressed i in Esperanto words like famil o family ... used as well, but frequently for a family of related words only the root will be borrowed directly ... guineafowl specifically. Likewise, a numidedo is any bird in the guineafowl family Guineafowl ... derives from German amel . Category Esperanto language Etymology Category Etymology eo Esperanta etimologio ... more details
Karnataka is an India n state. Several etymology etymologies have been suggested for the name Karnataka. One derivative is from Sanskrit where Karna means ear, and atati means wander, together giving a meaning for Karnata as where ones ears would want to wander, since this is the birth place of the popular Carnatic music. The region was popularly referred to as Karnata desha in Indian history. However, historically, the names Karnatak or Carnatic have been misapplied to refer to the regions in or beyond the Western Ghats Kodagu and Kerala as well as to a region in present day Andhra Pradesh Telangana . ref http dsal.uchicago.edu reference gazetteer pager.html?objectid DS405.1.I34 V09 308.gif Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 9, page 302 Imperial Gazetteer of India Digital South Asia Library Bot generated title ref The other accepted derivative comes from the Kannada words karu and n du meaning elevated land , or from the Kannada words kal and n du meaning rock country , referring to the rocky terrain of the state. During the British Raj , the words Carnatic or Karnatak were used to describe this part of the region in general. Another etymological derivative of the name comes from ... references to the name Karnata . In Canto 5 Chapter 6 of the Bhagavata Purana , Karnata is mentioned ... day Karnataka near Kollur in the Western Ghats . ref name bhagavata1 http www.srimadbhagavatam.org canto5 chapter6.html SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM CANTO 5 CHAPTER 6 Bot generated title ref ref name bhagavata2 ... river Kaveri and Godavari river Godavari as Karnata . ref name Godavari Prof. K.A. Nilakanta Sastri ... of the late Vijayanagar Empire as the reviver of the Karnata Empire . ref name vasucharitamu Prof ... from Vijayanagar Empire http inscriptions.whatisindia.com , vol.16 ref All this clearly shows that the name ... topics DEFAULTSORT Etymology Of Karnataka Category History of Karnataka Category Etymologies of geographic names Karnataka, Etymology of ... more details
. ref name OED http www.etymonline.com index.php?term Scot Online Etymology Dictionary Scot ref It came ... topics Europe topic Name of DEFAULTSORT Etymology Of Scotland Category Country nameetymology ..., Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland ref The name of Scotland is derived from the Latin Scoti , the term ... in ancient times, except when writing in Latin. ref name OED Charles Oman Oman derives it from Scuit ... to date has not appeared in mainstream place name studies. The Late Latin word Scotia land ... Albania or Albany , from the Gaelic Alba . ref name Brewer cite book last Ayto first John authorlink coauthors Ian Crofton title Brewer s Britain & Ireland The History, Culture, Folklore and Etymology ... in the Late Middle Ages Late Middle Ages . ref name Keay Keay, J. & Keay, J. 1994 Collins ... and Irish Gaelic name for Scotland derives from the same Celtic languages Celtic root as the name ... related to the north end of Britain. Caledonia is an old Latin name for Scotland, deriving from the Caledonians Caledonii tribe. We do not know what name the Caledonians used of themselves, though it was possibly ... more details
The plant name cannabis is from Ancient Greek Greek lang grc lang grc k nnabis , via Latin lang ... is called in Englishe Hemp. ref The OED traces the etymology to the New Latin botanical term cannabis ... author Herodotus title Histories 4.75 ref The historian and linguist Douglas Harper gives an etymology ... index.php?allowed in frame 0&search cannabis&searchmode none cannabis , Online Etymology ... , a ken or kan name spread across Asia with the hemp plant, which was used for fiber and food then in the early ... the word during their migrations through Asia Minor. br Benet in Book of Grass ref name bookofgrass ... and co workers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem suggest an alternative etymology for cannabis ... by the prophet Ezekiel 27 17 , is in fact Cannabis . ref name mechoulam1991 Mechoulam, R., W. A. Devane ... Hebrew term q n h bo em , literally reed of balm , probably ref name labarre1980 Weston La ... to cannabis according to some etymologists, ref name bookofgrass Benetowa, Sara Sula Benet . 1936 ... translation issues. ref name low1924 Immanuel L w. 1924 1934. Flora der Juden , vol. I IV. Reprinted ... and thus God s Temple in Jerusalem . ref name kaneh1 Rabbi Kaplan. 1981. The Living Torah ... uses reed q n h as the name of a plant in four places whose context seems to mean reed of balm as a fragrant ... Standard Song of Solomon 4 14 Song of Songs 4 14 . The Hebrew name reed of balm comes from q n h ... may have adapted the name qannabb s from reed of balm q n h bo em as a substitute for the ambiguous name reed . Unambiguous Hebrew or Aramaic references to cannabis are rare and obscure. Syriac has qanpa ... names by which materials are called also help to confirm etymology. Cannabis was also a common ... material uses including clothing, rope and linen . Likely, the name cannabis , derives in the west ... needed date November 2011 See also Marijuana etymology References wiktionary cannabis reflist ... Cannabis Etymology Category Etymologies Category Cannabis Etymology sr ... more details
wiktionary Edinburgh The etymology of Edinburgh traces the origin of the name of Edinburgh , the capital ... in Scottish Gaelic , both of which are derived from the older place name Eidyn . It is generally accepted that this name derives ultimately from the Celtic languages Celtic British language . ref name Williams1972 Williams 1972, p. 47 64. ref ref name Chadwick Chadwick, p. 107. ref ref name Dumville ... area as well. ref name Williams1972 ref name Chadwick The name Eidyn may survive today in toponyms ... miles to the west. ref name Dumville Present day Edinburgh was the location of Din Eidyn , a dun or hillfort associated with the kingdom of the Gododdin . ref name gododdin Gardens of the Gododdin Craig ... name D n ideann derives directly from the British Din Eidyn . The English and Scots form is similar, appending the element burgh , from the Old English burh , also meaning fort . ref name Room Room, pp. 118 119. ref Some sources claim Edinburgh s name is derived from an Old English form such as Eadwinesburh ... in the 7th century. ref Blackie, Geographical Etymology A Dictionary of Place names Giving Their Derivations ... name Gelling Gelling, Nicolaisen and Richards, pp. 88 89. ref ref name Room The first evidence of the existence ... was using the name Edenesburch in a charter again in Latin confirming the 1124 grant of David I. Documents from the 14th century show the name to have settled into its current form although other spellings Edynburgh and Edynburghe appear, these are simply spelling variants of the current name. Other ... not be traced before the reign of Charles II attributed the name to a Fife laird, Durham of Largo, who ... in gaining the name. Such beacons as David Hume and Adam Smith shone during this period. Having lost ... and Robert Fergusson sometimes used the Latin form of the city s name, Edina , in their work. Ben Jonson ... Citation title Geographical Etymology A Dictionary of Place names Giving their Derivations ... pages url http books.google.com books?id 79JLAAAAMAAJ&pg PR1&dq 22Geographical Etymology A Dictionary ... more details
1937 ref In this case the interpretation of the name as winged may simply be a case of folk etymology ... been suggested. ref name Smith Haswell Smith 173 79 ref Image Hebridesmap.png thumb 275px alt A map ... 2008. ref According to other authors, it was referred to in Norse as skuy misty isle , ref name Smith sk ey or skuy isle of cloud . ref name WHM Murray 1966 The Hebrides . p. 146. ref It is not certain whether the Gaelic poetic name for the island, Eilean a Che isle of the mist precedes or postdates the Norse name. Some legends also associate the isle with the mythic figure of Queen Sc thach ... name and the ethnonym Sgiathanach person from Skye . Secondly, the recorded pronunciations .... Eneas MacKay. 1982 edition by Gairm ISBN 901771686. ref Finally, deriving the name from Sc thach ... 2007 it was reported in the media that the island s official name had been changed by the Politics of the Highland council area Highland Council to Eilean a Che . However, the Council clarified that this name ... to change signage or discontinue the English name. ref name WHM ref name EaC cite news author ... says Isle of Skye will keep English name work The Herald Glasgow The Herald date 1 May 2007 accessdate 2007 09 29 ref References references DEFAULTSORT Etymology Of Skye Category Skye Category Scottish ... more details
etymology . ref name OED Assuming an Egyptian origin, chemistry is defined as follows Chemistry , from ...In the history of science , the etymology of the word chemistry is a debatable issue. It is agreed that the word derives from the word alchemy , which is a European one, derived from the Arabic al k m . The Arabic term is derived from the Greek or . ref name oed alchemy , entry in The Oxford English Dictionary , J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner, vol. 1, 2nd ed., 1989, ISBN 0 19 861213 3. ref ref p. 854, Arabic alchemy , Georges C. Anawati, pp. 853 885 in Encyclopedia of the history of Arabic science , eds. Roshdi Rashed and R gis Morelon, London Routledge, 1996, vol. 3, ISBN 0415124123. ref However, the ultimate origin of the root word, chem , is uncertain. ref Encyclopedia Britannica , 2002 Edition, CD ROM ref According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the majority theory is that al k m is derived from , which is derived from the ancient Egyptian language Egyptian name of Egypt khem , khame , or khmi , meaning black earth , contrasting with the surrounding desert. Therefore, alchemy is the Egyptian art . ref name oed However, it is also possible that al k m was derived from , meaning cast together . ref Weekley, Ernest 1967 . Etymological Dictionary of Modern English. New York Dover Publications. ISBN 0486218732 ref Traditionally, the science of alchemy was once considered to have sprung from great Egyptian figure named by the Greeks Hermes ... eight gods and finally twelve gods, who were later taken over by the Greeks. ref name Cohen cite book ... Land , the surrounding desert so this etymology could also explain the nickname Egyptian black ... word khemein or kh mia , preparation of black powder , ultimately derived from the name khem ... is poured out, an ingot . ref name OED OEtymD alchemy ref Assuming a Greek origin, chemistry ... http www.alchemywebsite.com timelin2.html History of Alchemy Timeline DEFAULTSORT Chemistry Etymology ... more details
Refimprove date December 2007 The proper name Arab or Arabian and cognates in other languages has been used to translate several different but similar sounding words in ancient and classical texts which do not necessarily have the same meaning or origin. The etymology of the term is of course closely linked to that of the place name Arabia . Gustave E. von Grunebaum Grunebaum , in his book Classical Islam said that an approximate translation is passerby or nomad . ref Grunebaum, p. 16 ref Semitic etymology The root of the word has many meanings in Semitic languages including west sunset, desert, mingle, merchant, raven and comprehensible with all of these having varying degrees of relevance to the emergence of the name. It is also possible that some forms were Metathesis linguistics metathetical from transl sem B R moving around Arabic transl ar DIN B R traverse , and hence, it is alleged, nomadic. The plurality of meanings results partly from the assimilation of the proto Semitic ghayin with transl sem ayin in some languages. In Hebrew the word transl sem arav thus has the homonym same Triliteral triconsonantal root as the root meaning west transl sem ma arav setting sun or evening transl sem ma ariv , transl sem erev . The direct Arabic cognate of this is transl ar DIN arb ... literal meaning the name had. In fact several different ethnonyms are found in Assyrian texts that are conventionally ... translated Arabia and is the name for Arabia in Modern Hebrew. The New Revised Standard Version ... are also possible as the origin of the name. The words aravim plural of aravi and arvim ... understood the term as the name of a people of a town which he described as being in the confines of the Arabians ... 26 17 mentions a people called Arviyim who lived in Gur baal . Their name differs from those mentioned ... of rams and he goats. Their name is also generally translated as Arabians although it differs noticeably ... Arab Category Ethnonyms Arab Category Arab Etymology fa ... more details
and Rahwar, the origin of the last name being explained by the fact of its situation on the great ... , and the name would establish its identity with the Loh Kot of the Hindu Puranas. M. Reinaud, in his ... form it may have been written by the early writers, it is manifest from the above summary that the name ... more details
liturgy in their ritual practices. ref name DoyleWhite203 Doy10 Doyle White 2010 . p. 203. ref ... in the United States, ref name Clifton 2006 Cli06 Clifton 2006 . ref and the British Gardnerian initiate Melissa Seims 2008 looked at its early development in England. ref name Seims2008 Sei08 Seims ... Wiccan history . ref name DoyleWhite Doy10 Doyle White 2010 . ref Definitions In a 2010 paper published ... circles over the last thirty years. ref name DoyleWhite203 Commenting on the first definition ... movement. ref name DoyleWhite203 He traced this definitions origins to the 1960s, when it was used ... of Wiccan etymology. According to Doyle White, the latter definition instead uses the term to refer ... it with little variation, namely Alexandrian and Algard Witchcraft. ref name DoyleWhite203 He traced ... by many Pagans themselves. ref name DoyleWhite205 Doy10 Doyle White 2010 . p. 205. ref He did ... on the matter. ref name DoyleWhite205 Among those who had used the former definition were American ... Old English wicca and wicce See also Witch etymology Old English In the early mediaeval language ... their usage . ref name DoyleWhite187 Doy10 Doyle White 2010 . p. 187. ref He went on to note that despite ... name DoyleWhite187 He noted that the early Pagan Witches were members of a new religious movement ... interested in adopting the term wicca , with its connection to Britain s pre Christian past, as the name for their burgeoning faith. ref name DoyleWhite187 Gerald Gardner s Wica Quote box width 30em .... ref name DoyleWhite188 Doy10 Doyle White 2010 . p. 188. ref Gerald Gardner 1884&ndash 1964 , the man ... The Witch Cult in Western Europe 1921 . ref name Seims2008 ref name DoyleWhite188 Gardner did ... sense . ref name DoyleWhite188 In his 1954 work Witchcraft Today , he uses the word thrice, at one point ... or witchcraft. ref name Gardner1954 Gar54 Gardner 1954 . p. 102. ref In contrast with this plural use ... Witches individually as a wica . ref name DoyleWhite188 Nonetheless, Ethan Doyle White noted ... more details
Geobox Range Heading nameScandinavian Mountains native name Skanderna, Fj llen, Kj len other name category Names etymology Image image Ahkka from Maukojaureh.jpg image caption Mount Ahkka in Sarek National Park , Northern Sweden image size Country country Norway country1 Sweden country2 Finland state state1 state2 state3 region district municipality Family range border part city landmark river Locations highest Galdh piggen highest note ref name ne2 highest location Lom, Norway Lom highest region Oppland highest country Norway highest elevation 2469 highest lat d 61 highest lat m 38 highest lat s 11 highest lat NS N highest long d 08 highest long m 18 highest long s 45 highest long EW E lowest lowest location lowest region lowest country lowest elevation lowest lat d lowest lat m lowest lat s lowest lat NS lowest long d lowest long m lowest long s lowest long EW Dimensions length 1700 length orientation length note ref name ne1 width 320 width orientation width note ref name ne1 area Features geology orogeny period biome plant animal Free fields free free type Maps map Scandinavia mountains.png map caption The Scandinavian Mountains map background map location map locator Website website Footnotes footnotes The Scandinavian Mountains or the Scandes , in Swedish language Swedish Skanderna , Fj llen the Fell s or K len Fj llen being by far the most frequent name and virtually the only ... Commons category Scandinavian Mountains reflist refs ref name ne1 cite encyclopedia first Maurits ... Kj len , with the three latter meaning The Keel , are a mountain range that runs through the Scandinavian Peninsula . The Scandinavian Mountains are equivalent with the Scandinavian Caledonides ... ocean has caused the formation of many icefield s and glacier s. The Scandinavian mountain system ... still extant mountain ranges in the world. The Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands ... language Swedish accessdate 18 July 2010 ref ref name ne2 cite encyclopedia title Galdh piggen encyclopedia ... more details
in traditional Hindi pedagogy as falling into the following categories ref name masica 65 Masica ... Them Etymology for Everyone. Delhi Oxford University Press. ISBN 0 19 561643 X. Rai, Amrit. 1984 . A house ... more details
main Hippie This article discusses the etymology of the word hippie . History According to lexicographer Jesse Sheidlower , the terms hipster and hippie derive from the word hip slang hip and the synonym hep , whose origins are unknown. ref name slate Citation last Sheidlower first Jesse author link Jesse Sheidlower date 2004 12 08 title Crying Wolof Does the word hip really hail from a West African language? publisher Slate Magazine url http www.slate.com id 2110811 accessdate 2007 05 07 . ref The words hip and hep first surfaced in slang around the beginning of the 20th century and spread quickly, making their first appearance in the Oxford English Dictionary in 1904. At the time, the words were used to mean aware and in the know. In the late 1960s, African language scholar David Dalby popularized the idea that words used in American slang could be traced back to West Africa . He claimed that hipi a word in the Wolof language meaning to open one s eyes was the source for both hip and hep . ref Roediger 1995, pp. 663 664. ref Sheidlower, however, disputes Dalby s assertion that the term hip comes from Wolof origins. ref name slate During the Jive dance jive era of the late 1930s and early ... up to date . ref name slate and the word hippie is jazz slang from the 1940s. ref name mwotd Citation ... more Negro than Negroes . ref name Booth 2004 212 harvnb Booth 2004 p 212 . A few of the white men ... the related term hipster in the 1940s for use in his stage name. ref Citation author Harry Gibson year ... 1963 and http www.geosound.org geonews.htm retrieved 2006 12 13 ref ref http www.imdb.com name nm0032253 ... it as hippies , that use was promoted. The Hippies was also the name of a mixed African American ..., San Francisco, California Haight Ashbury district of San Francisco. Fallon reportedly came up with the name by condensing Norman Mailer s use of the word hipster into hippie . ref name Tompkins Tompkins ... Thomson Gale place Detroit year 2001b . Hippies DEFAULTSORT Hippie Etymology Category Etymologies Category ... more details
that Elasticity physics elasticity is the property of behaving like an Elastomer elastic . ref name ... to refer to the cause of the attraction instead of the property of being attractive. ref name Heathcote ... 0031 9120 47 1 78 Physics Education Journal The Electric Vocabulary DEFAULTSORT Etymology Of Electricity ... more details
to the conventional etymology , the name Kafir derives from Arabic Kafir , commonly translated into English ..., Dr J. L. Kamboj etc. ref however, opine that the local name Kafir comes from Kapi Kapish , the ancient Sanskrit language Sanskrit name of the region that included historic Kafiristan. This is also given as Ki pin or Ke pin, Ka pin, Chi pin in old Chinese language Chinese chronicles. This name ... language linguistic phenomenon is not unusual for this region. The name of King Kanishka ..., 1906, p 280, Walter Del Mar. ref In a similar way, Kapi &ndash the name of the people of Kapi ... Sanskrit literature, there are numerous instances where the name of the people was obtained from the geographical territory they belonged to or occupied. Thus, Kamboja was both the name of the people ... Category Etymologies of geographic names Kapisa, Etymology of ... more details
Ayyavazhi This Etymology etymological topic deals with the origin, regeneration and evolution of various names by which Ayyavazhi is referred or identified throughout the period of History of Ayyavazhi Ayyavazhi history . Though the name Ayyavazhi is commonly used and the most accepted term to represent Ayyavazhi there are other terms too which are used to refer it. Ayyavazhi The exact origin of the name Ayyavazhi is not known. The various theories on its derivation include Ayya s path from the direct synonymous derivation, which takes Ayya as a noun naming word of Ayya Vaikundar . ref R.Shanmugam s, Narayana Kulatthil Narayanar Avataram, Page 188 ref Path of Father from the local spoken Tamil language Ayya father vazhi path . This meaning, derived from Tamil, is most commonly used as ayya , and means dear father . ref Dr. R.Ponnu s, Sri Vaikunda Swamigal and the Struggle for Social Equality in South India, Ram Publishers, 2000, Page 68, Sub heading Reverence as Ayya ref The ultimate truth of Master ref Akilathirattu ammanai Arappadanool , First Stage, page 27, published by Vaikundar Seva Sangam ref from Tamil language Tamil Ayya Master vazhi the ultimate truth is derived from the literary usage of the words. Religious system of Guru from Tamil Ayya as Guru vazhi religious system vazhibadu in Tamil . Way of attaining the sacred feet of God Ayya as God vazhi way to unify ref Arisundara Mani s, 2002 , Akilathirattu Ammanai Parayana Urai Chapter 1, Page 4. ref The synonymous versions of the phrase are virtually unlimited, because the usage of the word Ayya in Tamil varies widely. It is used to convey the words father , guru , the superior , a person of dignity , respectable one , master , the king , the teacher , preceptor , etc. The word vazhi in Tamil can mean the way , a course of conduct , manner , method , mode , cause , antiquity , succession , religious system , reason , and so on. As Muttukuttyism This was a name given to Ayyavazhi during the late 19th century by the London ... more details
4 2 2011 ref Stetina , ref name Labuda14 by Herbord ref name Labuda14 Sthetynensibus or Sthetyn , 1287, in Anglicized medieval Latin. ref name Lizak Stetinum and Sedinum , still used in contemporary Latin Latin language references Stitin , recorded e.g. in 1251, ref name Labuda14 in the Annales Ryensis , ref name Labuda14 in 1642 ref Merians anm thige St dte Chronik, das ist historische und wahrhaffte ... in unserm geliebten Vatterland gelegenen St tte, 1642 ref Stitinum , by Saxo Grammaticus ref name Labuda14 Stittinum Stytin , ref name Labuda14 in the Annales Colbacensis ref name Labuda14 Other medieval names are Burstaborg , in the Kn tlinga saga Knytlinga saga ref name Labuda14 ref name Rospond162 ... , in the Annales of Waldemar ref name Labuda14 ref name Rospond162 These names, literally brush burgh , most possibly are derived from the translation of the city s Slavic name. ref name Rospond162 ... regarding the origin of the name, that may be derived from hill peak lang pl szczyt grass lang pl szcze Dipsacus a personal name Szczota ref S ownik etymologiczny nazw geograficznych Polski Profesor ... more details
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