by SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme , C programminglanguage C influenced Factor programminglanguage Factor , Cat programminglanguage Cat , V programminglanguage V , Trith programminglanguage Trith The Joy programminglanguage in computer science is a purely functional programminglanguage that was produced ... by the actual value to be squared when the function is called. In a functional programming functional languageSchemeprogramminglanguageScheme the same function would be defined source lang scheme ...Original research date May 2009 morefootnotes date March 2011 Infobox programminglanguage name Joy logo paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm functional programming functional , concatenative programminglanguage concatenative , Stack oriented programminglanguage stack oriented year 2001 designer Manfred von Thun developer Manfred von Thun, John Cowan latest release version March 17, 2003 latest release date March 17, 2003 typing strong typing strong , dynamic typing dynamic ... to Forth programminglanguage Forth , due not to design but to a sort of parallel evolution and convergence. Joy is notable as the canonical example of a concatenative programminglanguage . ref Dr. Dobbs ref How it works Joy is unusual except for function level programming languages and some esoteric ... the square function might be defined in an imperative programminglanguage C programminglanguage C ... of ISO C programminglanguage C , though the current implementation is not easily extensible with functions ... http www.latrobe.edu.au phimvt joy.html Official Joy ProgrammingLanguage Website La Trobe University http www.kevinalbrecht.com code joy mirror index.html Joy homepage mirror Category Concatenative programming languages Category Stack oriented programming languages Category Functional languages de ... and design 228701299 author Christopher Diggins title What is a Concatenative Language date Dec 31, 2008 publisher Dr. Dobbs volume 33 cite journal first Stevan last Apter title Functional Programming ... more details
versions of Lisp. Gerald Sussman went on to develop the SchemeprogramminglanguageSchemelanguage, in collaboration with Guy Steele , who later wrote the specifications for Common Lisp and Java programminglanguage Java . Carl Hewitt had already published the idea for the PLANNER language before the MDL ...MDL the MIT Design Language is a descendant of the Lisp programminglanguage Lisp Programminglanguage. It is different from the MicroStation Development Language. Its initial purpose was to provide high level language support for the Dynamic Modeling Group at Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT s Project MAC . It was initially developed in 1971 on the PDP 10 computer under the Incompatible Timesharing System . The initial development team consisted of Gerald Sussman and Carl Hewitt of the Artificial Intelligence Lab, and Chris Reeve, Bruce Daniels, and David Cressey of the Dynamic Modeling Group. Later, Stu Galley , also of the Dynamic Modeling Group, wrote the MDL documentation. MDL was initially known as Muddle . This style of self deprecating humor was not widely understood or appreciated outside of Project MAC and a few other early citadels of information technology. So the name was sanitized to MDL. MDL provides several enhancements to classical Lisp. It supports several built in data types, including lists, strings and arrays, and also user defined data types. It offers multithreaded ... links http publications.csail.mit.edu lcs pubs pdf MIT LCS TR 292.pdf MDL Programming Primer MIT LCS TR 292 http ifarchive.flavorplex.com if archive programming mdl manuals MDL Programming Language.pdf The MDL ProgrammingLanguage 1979 , by Stu Galley and Greg Pfister http ifarchive.flavorplex.com if archive programming mdl manuals MDL Programming Environment.pdf The MDL Programming Environment 1980 , by David Lebling References references DEFAULTSORT Mdl ProgrammingLanguage Category Dynamically typed programming languages Category Functional languages Category Lisp programminglanguage family ... more details
Infobox programminglanguage name Pico paradigm reflection computer science Reflective , procedural programming procedural released Start date and age 1997 developer Vrije Universiteit Brussel influenced by SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme website URL pico.vub.ac.be See also Pico disambiguation . Pico is a programminglanguage developed at the Software Languages Lab at Vrije Universiteit Brussel . The language was created to introduce the essentials of programming to non computer science students. Pico can be seen as an effort to generate a palatable and enjoyable language for people who do not want to study hard for the elegance and power of a language. They have done it by adapting SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme s semantics . While designing Pico, the Software Languages Lab was inspired by the Abelson and Sussman s book Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs . Furthermore, they were influenced by the teaching of programming at high school or academic level. Pico should be interpreted as small , the idea was to create a small language for educational purposes. Language elements Comments Comments are surrounded by backquote computer backquote s . Variables variable programming Variables are dynamically data type typed Pico uses static scope programming scope . var value Functions Functions are first class object s in Pico. They can be assigned to variables. For example a function with two parameters param1 and param2 can be defined as func param1, param2 ... Functions can be called with the following syntax func arg1, arg2 Operators Operators can be used as prefix or infix in Pico 5, 2 5 2 Data types Pico has the following types string computer science string , integer , real number real and array data type tables . It does not have a native character computing char char type, so users should resort to size 1 strings. Tables are compound data structures ... The Infogroep Pico page Category Educational programming languages it Pico linguaggio pt Pico linguagem ... more details
and SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme ref cite web first Richard last Kelsey coauthors William Clinger ...In computing , a programminglanguage specification is an artifact that defines a programminglanguage so that programmer user s and programminglanguage implementation implementors can agree on what programs in that language mean. A programminglanguage specification can take several forms, including the following An explicit definition of the syntax and semantics of the language. While syntax is commonly specified using a formal grammar, semantic definitions may be written in natural language e.g., the approach taken for the C programminglanguage C language , or a formal semantics of programming ... LanguageScheme url http www.schemers.org Documents Standards R5RS HTML r5rs Z H 10.html sec ... of a compiler translator for the language e.g., the C and Fortran . The syntax and semantics of the language has to be inferred from this description, which may be written in natural or a formal language. A model implementation, sometimes written in the language being specified e.g., the Prolog . The syntax and semantics of the language are explicit in the behavior of the model implementation. Syntax Syntax in a programminglanguage is usually described using a combination of regular expression ... the specification of Ada programminglanguage Ada has been modified to match the behavior of the Ada ... as a vehicle for describing programminglanguage semantics can lead to problems with interpreting the specification. For example, the semantics of Java programminglanguage Java thread computer programming ... is a single implementation of a programminglanguage that is designated as authoritative. The behavior ... suite Defining the semantics of a programminglanguage in terms of a test suite involves writing ... language description or a reference implementation. See also Programminglanguage reference External ... Programminglanguage topics Specification ar ... more details
Infobox programminglanguage name Fortress logo paradigm year designer developer Sun Labs latest release ... typing implementations dialects influenced by Fortran , Scala programminglanguage Scala , Haskell programminglanguage Haskell influenced operating system Cross platform platform Java SE 1.6 license BSD licenses BSD website http projectfortress.java.net Fortress is a programminglanguage designed ... Computing Systems project. One of the language designers is Guy L. Steele Jr. , whose previous work includes SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme , Common Lisp , and Java programminglanguage Java . Language features The name Fortress is intended to connote a secure Fortran programminglanguage Fortran , i.e., a language for high performance computation that provides abstraction and type safety on par with modern programminglanguage principles . ref name spec http research.sun.com projects ..., Unicode support and concrete syntax that is similar to mathematical notation . The language is not designed to be similar to Fortran. Syntactically, it most resembles Scala programminglanguage Scala , Standard ML , and Haskell programminglanguage Haskell . Fortress is being designed from ... Computing Systems project. The others are X10 programminglanguage X10 from IBM and Chapel programminglanguage Chapel from Cray Cray, Inc . Sun was dropped from the HPCS project in November ... language Chapel X10 programminglanguage X10 Partitioned global address space References Reflist ... projects plrg Sun s ProgrammingLanguage Research Group http research.sun.com projects ... Sun Microsystems DEFAULTSORT Fortress ProgrammingLanguage Category Array programming languages Category Concurrent programming languages Category Fortran programminglanguage family Category ... and can be replaced by another for loop of the programmer s liking rather than being built into the language ... Version 1.0 of the Fortress Language Specification was released in April 2008, along with a compliant ... more details
notability date December 2010 A marking scheme is a set of criteria used in assessing student learning. Sample marking scheme This is an example of a marking scheme for a presentation assignment Presentation 40 verbal & non verbal communication 10 avoid note reading, eye contact, enthusiasm, body language, volume of voice, clarity of language visual aids 10 minimal text, appealing layout, distraction free, large font size structure 10 clarity of goals, organization, logical progression, good flow discussion questions 10 ability to guide discussion ability to ask and answer questions, maintain order Content 60 introduction 10 introduce background material thesis statement 5 clear, focused main body 35 depth, synthesis of references, accuracy, summary, figures or tables discussion questions 10 thought provoking, sufficient quantity See also Rubric academic Rubric Uniform Mark Scheme Lesson plan External links http www.uwo.ca biology undergraduate coursewebs 420 markingschemes.pdf Marking scheme Education stub Category Educational psychology ... more details
programminglanguage Algol , Lisp programminglanguage Lisp , SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme , Smalltalk , Self programminglanguage Self , C programminglanguage C , Ada programminglanguage Ada , MUF programminglanguage MUF influenced CoolMUD , ColdC The MOO programminglanguage is a relatively simple programminglanguage used to support the MOO MOO Server . It is Dynamic typing dynamically typed and uses a Prototype based programming prototype based Object oriented programming object oriented system, with Syntax of programming languages syntax roughly derived from the Algol programminglanguage Algol school of programming languages. History Stephen White authored the first MOO Server and language in 1990 using C programminglanguage C . Over the course of the year, Pavel Curtis ...Infobox programminglanguage name MOO logo paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm structured programming structured , Prototype based programming prototype based year 1990 designer ... and tail operations similar to those available in Lisp programminglanguage Lisp . All operations on lists ... shorter quick prog ref.txt title MOO Programming Cheat Sheet work moo programming resources date 1999 01 10 MUDs DEFAULTSORT Moo ProgrammingLanguage Category Algol programminglanguage family Category ..., combined with prototype style single inheritance. Features The language has explicit exception ... written in the MOO language. The vast majority of the functionality of a running MOO is handled in core ... is identified with a player in the Virtual reality representation system. The language supports weak ... to retrieve lists of properties and verbs exist, giving the language runtime facilities for Reflection ... the , this.name, . endif . source ref http www.fringenet.net MOO yduJtut.txt yduJ s Programming Tutorial ref See also MOO game system Linden Scripting Language References reflist Further reading cite ... year 1995 isbn 0 672 30723 5 last Stacy first Chris chapter 14. Programming MOOs pages 307 369 cite ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 Orphan date October 2008 A hybrid programminglanguage or hybrid level programminglanguage is a programminglanguage that allows different programming languages to share the same code sheet. For example, FreeBASIC has in line assembly language assembly so that low level programminglanguage lower level code can be allowed for high level programming. DEFAULTSORT Hybrid ProgrammingLanguage Category Programminglanguage classification ... more details
to SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme in this way. Today, the object system is a central part of Factor ...Infobox programminglanguage name Factor logo File NewFactorLogo.png 200px paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm concatenative programminglanguage concatenative , stack oriented programminglanguage stack oriented year 2003 developer Slava Pestov latest release version .94 latest ... by Joy programminglanguage Joy , Forth programminglanguage Forth , Lisp programminglanguage Lisp , Self programminglanguage Self influenced Cat programminglanguage Cat , ref citation url ... BSD license website http factorcode.org factorcode.org Factor is a stack oriented programminglanguage stack oriented programminglanguage created by Slava Pestov. Factor is dynamically typed and has automatic memory management , as well as powerful metaprogramming features. The language has a single ... programminglanguage Java and ran on the Java Virtual Machine . Though the early language resembled modern Factor superficially in terms of syntax programming languages syntax , the modern language ... a plugin to the C programminglanguage C part of the implementation for each external library computing ... object oriented programminglanguage . Code is structured around small procedures, called words. In typical ... that would idiomatically be expressed with one procedure in another programminglanguage would be written ... Ehrenberg first2 Daniel year 2010 title Factor a dynamic stack based programminglanguage journal SIGPLAN ... in Forth programminglanguage Forth for this, they are both considered stack oriented programming ... interface is built in to Factor, allowing for communication with C programminglanguage C , Objective ... written in Factor which mentions and praises Factor DEFAULTSORT Factor ProgrammingLanguage ... last Herzberg first2 Tim last2 Reichert year 2009 contribution Concatenative Programming An Overlooked Paradigm in Functional Programming url http mitarbeiter.hs heilbronn.de herzberg Publications ... more details
Humus is a programminglanguage based on Actor model . ref http www.dalnefre.com wp humus Humus Bot generated title ref References reflist Category Programming paradigms Category Programminglanguage classification Category Programminglanguage topics Prog lang stub ... more details
Infobox programminglanguage name Joyce logo paradigm concurrent programminglanguage concurrent , imperative programming imperative , Structured programming structured year 1987 designer Brinch Hansen ... influenced by Communicating Sequential Processes , Pascal programminglanguage Pascal , Concurrent Pascal influenced SuperPascal Joyce is a Secure programming secure , concurrent computing concurrent programminglanguage designed by Per Brinch Hansen in the 1980s ref name Hansen1987 Per Brinch Hansen, Joyce A programminglanguage for distributed systems ref . It is based on the sequential language Pascal programminglanguage Pascal and the principles of Communicating sequential processes Communicating ... as a programminglanguage, and to povide a tool, primarily for teaching, for distributed computing distributed system implementation. The language is based around the concept of agents concurrently .... Security Joyce was designed to be a secure language in the sense that a compiler would be able to detect all violations of the language rules. Example program The following is a complete example program, taken from the original paper introducing the Joyce programminglanguage ref name ... formed the foundation of the language SuperPascal , also developed by Brinch Hansen around 1993. Features ... ref name Hansen1989a Per Brinch Hansen, The Joyce language report, Software Practice and experience ... scheme cannot be used as the activation records of the agent calls do not follow a last in first ... scheme is used to implement this behaviour, which works by allocating new activation records at the top ... 19, 6 June 1989 , 579 592 ref The effectiveness of this scheme depends on the structure and behaviour of a program, which in some cases will result in poor memory usage. A more effective scheme was implemented in the SuperPascal language. References Reflist 3 div class references small references div .... Category Concurrent programming languages Category Procedural programming languages Category Programming ... more details
typing strong implementations dialects influenced by A programminglanguage A , APL programminglanguage APL , SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme influenced K is a proprietary array data structure array processing language developed by Arthur Whitney computer scientist Arthur Whitney and commercialized by Kx Systems. The language serves as the foundation for kdb, an in memory, column based database , and other related financial products. The language, originally developed in 1993, is a variant of APL programminglanguage APL and contains elements of SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme . Advocates of the language emphasize its speed, facility in handling arrays, and expressive syntax. History ...Refimprove date August 2011 Infobox programminglanguage name K logo paradigm array programming array , Functional programming functional year 1993 designer Arthur Whitney computer scientist Arthur Whitney ... financial applications. At Morgan Stanley, Whitney helped to develop A programminglanguage A , a variant ... year. kdb included Q programminglanguage from Kx Systems Q , a language that merged the functionality ..., K restricts itself to the ASCII character set a feature it shares with J programminglanguage J , another ... Hello world The latest version of the K programminglanguage, known as K4 , no longer has a built in GUI ... also APL programminglanguage APL , the first array language J programminglanguage J , another APL inspired language Q programminglanguage from Kx Systems Q , the language of kdb and a new merged ... A Shallow Introduction to the K programminglanguage Article from Kuro5hin http www.cs.nyu.edu courses ... problem in K vs. Java programminglanguage Java http code.kx.com code.kx.com username anonymous ... Consulting GmbH http www.symagon.com Symagon GmbH Category APL programminglanguage family Category ... the first version of the K language. At the same time he formed Kx Systems to commercialize the product ... and included ksql, a query language with a SQL like syntax. Since then, a number of financial ... more details
In computer software a general purpose programminglanguage GPL is a programminglanguage designed to be used for writing software in a wide variety of application domain s. In many ways a general purpose language only has this status because it does not include language constructs designed to be used within a specific application domain e.g., a page description language contains constructs intended to make it easier to write programs that control the layout of text and graphics on a page . A domain specific language is one designed to be used within a specific application domain. The following are some general purpose languages Ada programminglanguage Ada Assembly language BASIC programminglanguage C programminglanguage C C C Sharp programminglanguage C Cobol Fortran Java programminglanguage Java JavaScript Lisp programminglanguage Lisp Lua programminglanguage Lua Pascal programminglanguage Pascal PL I RPG programminglanguage RPG Perl Pike programminglanguage Pike PHP Python programminglanguage Python Ruby programminglanguage Ruby Scala programminglanguage Scala Tcl Category Programming languages ar de General Purpose Language es Lenguaje de programaci n de prop sito general hu ltal nos c l programoz si nyelv simple General purpose programminglanguage zh ... more details
Distinguish2 Visual J J or J Sharp J Refimprove date August 2010 Infobox programminglanguage name J logo File J programminglanguage icon.png 64px file ext paradigm Array programming Array , functional programming functional , function level programming function level , tacit programming tacit released ... by APL programminglanguage APL , FP programminglanguage FP , FL programminglanguage FL influenced ... www.jsoftware.com wikibooks The J programminglanguage , developed in the early 1990s by Kenneth E. Iverson and Roger Hui , is a synthesis of APL programminglanguage APL also by Iverson and the FP programminglanguage FP and FL programminglanguage FL function level languages created by John ... as part of a multi character token. J is a very terse array programminglanguage , and is most suited to mathematical and statistical programming, especially when performing operations on matrix mathematics matrices . It has also been used in Extreme Programming ref Citation contribution Software Development as a Collaborative Writing Project series Extreme programming and agile processes ... Using the J ProgrammingLanguage isbn 9781846288227 year 2007 publisher Springer Science Business ... oriented programming , J s flexible hierarchical namespace computer science namespace scheme where .... J is not a von Neumann programming languages von Neumann programminglanguage however, it is possible ... sienna 17.2 22 21.2 26.4 span Rank J programminglanguage Rank is a crucial concept in J. Its significance ... to C programminglanguage C s & operation without any left argument . However, where ... language an APL dialect K programminglanguage another APL influenced language Q programming ... Language Category Function level languages Category Functional languages Category Array programming ... APL programminglanguage family Category Dynamically typed programming languages ar de ... to extend the meaning of the basic characters available. Additionally, to keep parsing and the language ... more details
System CLOS , ALGOL , SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme , EuLisp influenced Goo programminglanguage Goo , Python programminglanguage Python , Ruby programminglanguage Ruby operating system Cross platform website http www.opendylan.org Dylan IPAc en icon d l n is a multi paradigm programminglanguage that includes support for Functional programming functional and Object oriented programming object oriented programming, and is dynamic programminglanguage dynamic and Reflection computer science reflective while providing a programming model designed to support efficient machine code ... 1990s by a group led by Apple Computer . Dylan derives from SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme ...Infobox programminglanguage name Dylan logo File Dylan logo.png paradigm Multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm Functional programming functional , Object oriented programming object oriented ... from Scheme and other Lisps some implementations were in fact initially built within existing Lisp systems Dylan has an ALGOL like syntax rather than a Scheme like prefix syntax. History main History of the Dylan programminglanguage Dylan was created in the early 1990s by a group led by Apple Computer ... a combination of C and the NewtonScript programminglanguage NewtonScript developed by Walter Smith ... Java programminglanguage Java or C the visibility of an object is defined in the code itself, meaning ... for bootstrapping a compiler http www.double.co.nz dylan Dylan ProgrammingLanguage A general information website http wiki.opendylan.org Dylan Language Wiki dmoz Computers Programming Languages ... Category Dylan programminglanguage Category Cross platform software Category Programming languages created in the 1990s Category Lisp programminglanguage family ar de Dylan Programmiersprache ... and static programming and supporting evolutionary development allowing for rapid prototyping followed by incremental refinement and optimization . Dylan s main design goal is to be a dynamic language ... more details
department to write a new Lisp, which became the optimizing, native code SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme system known as T programminglanguage T . In part NIL begat this name, since T is not NIL ...dablink This is about the programminglanguage. For other uses see Nil . Infobox programminglanguage name Nil logo paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm functional programming functional , procedural programming procedural year 1970s designer Jon L White developer Jon L White , Guy L. Steele, Jr. and Richard P. Gabriel latest release version latest release date typing dynamic typing dynamic , strong typing strong implementations dialects influenced by influenced NIL was a 32 bit ref name GABRIEL cite book last Gabriel first Richard P. title Performance and evaluation of Lisp systems publisher MIT Press Computer Systems Series url http www.dreamsongs.com NewFiles Timrep.pdf date May 1985 isbn 978 0 262 07093 5 LCCN 85 15161 xiv, 285 p. 23 cm. Cambridge, Mass. ref implementation of Lisp programminglanguage Lisp developed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT and intended ... compatibility with MacLisp whilst fixing many of the problems with the language. History The Lisp programminglanguage Lisp language was invented in 1958 by John McCarthy computer scientist John McCarthy ... of the programminglanguage Planner programminglanguage Micro Planner that was the foundation ... DEC VAX . NIL was an implementation of Lisp programminglanguage Lisp developed at MIT in the mid ... Lisp Category Dynamically typed programming languages Category Functional languages Category Lisp programminglanguage family ... Brief History of the Lisp Language author Kent M Pitman url http www.lisp.org table Lisp History.html ... language. These requirements led to a very aggressive and complex optimization strategy which was applied ... and functional programming, Pittsburgh, 1982, pages 108 113. ACM DL Rodney A. Brooks, Richard P. Gabriel ... more details
of natural languageprogramming is in sEnglish that is short for system English . Interpretation ... programminglanguage such as MATLAB , GNU Octave Octave , SciLab , Python programminglanguage Python , etc. Symbolic languages such as Mathematica are capable of Interpreted language interpreted processing ... is the software paradigm of NLP ? Natural languageprogramming is a top down method of writing software ... high level programminglanguage. Repeating the previous step until you have no sentences ... in any underlying high level programminglanguage. In such an application the sentences used become high level abstractions conceptualisations of computing procedures that are computer language ... Supernova programminglanguage , scripting language presents the concept of programming with direct ...No footnotes date February 2011 cleanup date January 2009 confused Neurolinguistic programming Natural languageprogramming NLP is an ontology assisted way of programming in terms of natural language sentences, e.g. English language English . A structured document with Content, sections and subsections ... program or a library of routines that are programmed through natural language sentences using an ontology that defines the available data structures in a high level programminglanguage. An example text from an English language NLP program in sEnglish is as follows If U is smc01 control , then do ... control scheme using a sliding mode control method. This entry describes NLP in its general form, without being specific about the underlying high level programminglanguage. The following are discussed Why does one write NLPs ? Natural language programs use sentences, sections, subsections ... in the topic addressed. Each concept and all their attributes are defined in natural language words ... calls in the underlying high level language which are needed in the code definitions of some low level ... language program that is not a concept in the sense as humans use concepts. Concepts in an NLP are examples ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 ISETLW Interactive SET Language for Windows is a variant of ISETL programminglanguage ISETL , and hence of the SETL programminglanguage . DEFAULTSORT Isetlw ProgrammingLanguage Category SETL programminglanguage family Compu lang stub ar ... more details
G ProgrammingLanguage may refer to G code , programminglanguage, used mainly in automation G, the graphical programminglanguage used in LabVIEW the former name of Deesel , a metaprogramming language based on Java G, a programminglanguage for rapid development of OpenGL applications Disambig ... more details
A fourth generation programminglanguage 1970s 1990 abbreviated 4GL is a programminglanguage or programming ... the Third generation programminglanguage 3GL in an upward trend toward higher abstraction and statement ... a Fifth generation programminglanguage 5GL Citation needed date January 2012 . The natural language, block structured mode of the third generation programminglanguage s improved the process of software development. However, Third generation programminglanguage 3GL development methods can be slow ... a higher level programminglanguage and methodology which would generate the equivalent of very complicated ... engineering arose to handle Third generation programminglanguage 3GL development. 4GL and Fifth generation programminglanguage 5GL projects are more oriented toward problem solving and systems ... for Heuristic computer science heuristic solutions than did the Third generation programminglanguage ... 2012 . Fourth generation languages have often been compared to domain specific programminglanguage ... language 5GL . Or date May 2008 The early input scheme for the 4GL supported entry of data within ... language 3GL could subsume, perhaps, a whole box or more of Computer programming in the punch .... Report generator Report generator programminglanguage s take a description of the data format ... count 2 Clarion programminglanguage Clarion Clipper programminglanguage Clipper Powerhouse programming ... PowerBuilder SheerPower4GL Microsoft Windows Only SQLWindows Team Developer Uniface programminglanguage ... 4GL LINC NATURAL Oracle Reports Progress 4GL Query Results Quest RPG programminglanguage RPG II div ... Initio company Ab Initio ABAP Aubit 4GL Audit Command Language Clarion ProgrammingLanguage CorVision ... programminglanguage IDL IGOR Pro Informix 4GL LANSA development environment LANSA LabVIEW MAPPER Software ... 4GL PROIV R programminglanguage R Ramis software Ramis S programminglanguage S Scilab SAS Institute ... MATLAB s GUIDE Omnis Studio OpenROAD Progress 4GL AppBuilder Revolution programminglanguage Revolution ... more details
In algebraic geometry , a field of mathematics , an equidimensional scheme or, pure dimensional scheme is a Scheme mathematics scheme all of whose irreducible component s are of the same Dimension scheme dimension . All irreducible schemes are equidimensional. In affine space , the union of a line and a point not on the line is not equidimensional. In general, if two closed subschemes of some scheme, neither containing the other, have unequal dimensions, then their union is not equidimensional. If a scheme is Smooth scheme smooth or tale morphism tale over Spec k for some field k , then every connected component which may be larger than an irreducible component , is equidimensional. See also Dimension scheme Glossary of scheme theory geometry stub Category algebraic geometry ... more details
Groups In mathematics , a group scheme is a type of algebraic geometry algebro geometric object equipped with a composition law. Group schemes arise naturally as symmetries of scheme mathematics scheme s, and they generalize algebraic group s, in the sense that all algebraic groups have group scheme ... Demazure in the early 1960s. Definition A group scheme is a group object in a category of schemes that has fiber products and some final object S . That is, it is an S scheme G equipped with one of the equivalent ... just sets . A left action of a group scheme G on a scheme X is a morphism G × sub S sub X X that induces a left group action action of the group G T on the set X T for any S scheme T . Right actions are defined similarly. Any group scheme admits natural left and right actions on its underlying scheme by multiplication and inner automorphism conjugation . Conjugation is an action by automorphisms ... scheme G is commutative if the group G T is an abelian group for all S schemes T . There are several ... being a group scheme automorphism. Constructions Given a group G , one can form the constant group scheme G sub S sub . As a scheme, it is a disjoint union of copies of S , and by choosing an identification ... by transport of structure. As a functor, it takes any S scheme T to a product of copies of the group ... groups and Galois representations or in the theory of the fundamental group scheme , and these are affine ... a locally constant group scheme, for which monodromy on the base can induce non trivial automorphisms .... Finite direct products of group schemes have a canonical group scheme structure. Given an action of one group scheme on another by automorphisms, one can form semidirect products by following the usual set theoretic construction. Kernels of group scheme homomorphisms are group schemes, by taking ... from A to invertible global sections of O sub T sub for each S scheme T . If S is affine, D ... type by letting A be a non constant sheaf of abelian groups on S . For a subgroup scheme H of a group ... more details
unreferenced date December 2011 In the programming paradigm classification of programming languages , an applicative programminglanguage is designed to support the development of programs as giving the result of a function of the combined variables. Successive functional transformations are applied to data to arrive at the result. Such a programminglanguagelanguage , with program control and total state kept in the background, may also be known as a functional language , in a rather loose sense of the term. Lisp programminglanguage Lisp and ML programminglanguage ML are applicative programming languages. In Haskell programminglanguage Haskell , this programming paradigm is developed into the applicative functor , which extends the higher order function al abstraction beyond Monad functional programming monad . See also Function level programming Applicative Universal Grammar External links http www.soi.city.ac.uk ross papers Applicative.html Applicative Programming with Effects in Haskell, 2008 by Conor McBride and Ross Paterson Category Programminglanguage classification Category Applicative computing systems ru ... more details
Notability date July 2008 Infobox programminglanguage name MetaL logo Image Metal logo.gif paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage multi paradigm logic programming logic , functional programming functional , imperative programming imperative , object oriented programming object oriented , Constraint programming constraint , meta programming year 2001 designer Manuel Lemos developer Manuel Lemos latest release version latest release date typing dynamic typing dynamic implementations dialects XML influenced by XML influenced The Meta programmingLanguage is a programminglanguage designed for meta programming . Meta programming is a method for developing computer programs. It works by generating source code in a target language from a program specification in a higher level language. Source code written in MetaL is based on XML , the compiler engine can be used to generate the same program in potentially any target language. Currently supported target languages are PHP , Java programminglanguage Java and Perl . The support for other languages can be added any time. ref http www.meta language.net faq.html MetaL Frequently asked questions Bot generated title ref References references Category Multi paradigm programming languages Category Functional logic programming languages Category Logic programming languages Category Dynamically typed programming languages Category Prototype based programming languages Category Programming languages created in 2001 compu lang stub ... more details
Infobox programminglanguage name Scala logo File Scala logo.png 200px paradigm multi paradigm programminglanguage Multi paradigm functional programming functional , object oriented programming object ... language Erlang , Haskell programminglanguage Haskell , ref cite web url http blog.fogus.me 2010 ... 2010 work Send More Paramedics accessdate 2012 02 09 ref Java programminglanguage Java , Pizza programminglanguage Pizza , ref name overview Martin Odersky et al., An Overview of the Scala ProgrammingLanguage, 2nd Edition ref Standard ML , OCaml , SchemeprogramminglanguageScheme , Smalltalk influenced Fantom programminglanguage Fantom , Ceylon Project Ceylon platform JVM , Common Language ... language multi paradigm programminglanguage designed to integrate features of object oriented ... programmer James Strachan , the creator of Groovy programminglanguage Groovy , described Scala as a possible successor to Java programminglanguage Java . ref Cite web url http www.infoq.com news ... on from work on Funnel, a programminglanguage combining ideas from functional programming and Petri ... January 2011 Odersky had previously worked on Generic Java programminglanguage Generic Java and javac ... platform Java Virtual Machine and is compatible with existing Java programminglanguage Java programs ... programminglanguage C separate compilation, Java Classloader dynamic class loading , so Scala code ... Hello, world source Unlike the Java programminglanguage Hello world stand alone Hello World application ... similar to Ruby on Rails . The use of Scala means that any existing Java programminglanguage Java ... they had switched large portions of their backend from Ruby programminglanguage Ruby to Scala and intended ..., How a new Web programminglanguage is helping the company handle its increasing popularity. work ... communities around the globe Interwikies DEFAULTSORT Scala ProgrammingLanguage Categories Category ... Category Java platform Category Java programminglanguage family Category JVM programming languages ... more details
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