coat Coat of Arms SecondFrenchEmpire 1852 1870 2.svg image map Second empire.png image map caption The SecondFrenchEmpire capital Paris national motto national anthem Partant pour la Syrie unofficial ... SecondFrenchEmpire .281852 1870.29 Cabinet Chief legislature Parliament of France Parliament house1 ... br Flag India br Flag Senegal br Flag Vietnam The SecondFrenchEmpire lang fr Le SecondEmpire Fran ais was the Empire Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the FrenchSecond Republic Second Republic and the French Third Republic Third Republic , in France. Rule ... was almost the same under the SecondEmpire as it had been under the First FrenchEmpire First ... Saint Simon List of French possessions and colonies SecondEmpire architecture Sources 1911 External ...Missing citations date May 2010 Infobox former country native name Empire Fran ais conventional long name FrenchEmpire common name France continent Europe region country France era New Imperialism empire ... date event4 event pre French coup of 1851 Coup of 1851 date pre 2 December 1851 p1 FrenchSecond Republic flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 French Third Republic flag s1 Flag of France.svg flag flag type ... 1851 Louis Napol on Bonaparte, who had been elected President of the FrenchSecond Republic Republic ... outraged French Catholics, who had been the leading supporters of the Empire. A keen Catholic opposition ... in Mexico intervention in Mexico to set up a Latin Second Mexican Empireempire in favour of the archduke ... Karl Marx s 3rd address to the Paris Commune , describes character of SecondEmpire. coord 48 49 ... of Europe France, Empire 2 Category Former countries in Europe France, Empire 2 Category SecondFrenchEmpire Category Government of France Empire 2 Category Former empires France Category 1852 ... fa fr SecondEmpire gl Segundo Imperio Franc s ko 2 hr Drugo Francusko ... start French Constitution of 1852 Constitution adopted date start 14 January event end French Third ... more details
Politics of France Use dmy dates date April 2011 A referendum on re establishing the Empire was held in France on 21 and 22 November 1852. ref name DN Dieter Nohlen Nohlen, D & St ver, P 2010 Elections in Europe A data handbook , p673 ISBN 9783832956097 ref Voters were asked whether they approved of the re establishment of the Empire in the person of Louis Napol on Bonaparte and family. ref name NS Nohlen & St ver, p683 ref It was approved by 96.9 of voters with a 79.8 turnout. ref name NS Outcome Referendum graph yespct 96.9 nopct 3.1 turnoutpct 79.8 Referendum title French constitutional referendum, 1851 yes 7,824,189 yespct 96.9 no 253,145 nopct 3.1 valid 8,077,334 validpct 99.2 invalid 63,326 invalidpct 0.8 total 8,140,660 turnoutpct 79.8 References reflist French elections Category Referendums in France Category 1852 in France Category 1852 referendums Category FrenchSecond Republic Category SecondFrenchEmpire nl Referendum Tweede Keizerrijk Frankrijk 1852 pl Referendum we Francji w 1852 roku ru 1852 ... more details
SecondEmpire may refer to British Empire Rise of the Second British Empire 1783 1815 Second British Empire , sometimes used to describe the British Empire between 1783 and 1815 Second Bulgarian Empire 1185 1396 SecondFrenchEmpire 1852 70 SecondEmpire architecture , an architectural style associated with the SecondFrenchEmpireSecond German Empire , sometimes used to describe the German Empire between 1871 and 1918 Second Mexican Empire 1864 1867 Second Persian Empire , sometimes used to describe the Parthian Empire ca. 247 BC 224 AD 2nd Empire Awards , film awards held in 1997 seealso First Empire disambiguation Third Empire disambiguation disambig ... more details
The term FrenchEmpire can refer to Two Empires of the French founded by members of the House of Bonaparte , The First FrenchEmpire of Napoleon I and II 1804 1814 and 1815 The SecondFrenchEmpire of Napoleon III 1852 1870 The French colonial empire of the 17th to 20th centuries FrenchEmpire style SecondEmpire architecture SecondFrenchEmpire style Francia Frankish Empire of Charlemagne disambig Category Former empires bn br Impalaeriezh c hall de Empire fran ais el es Imperio Franc s fr Empire fran ais he nl Franse Keizerrijk no Det franske keiserd mme ru sr fi Ranskan keisarikunta vi qu c Ph p zh ... more details
No footnotes date January 2010 Infobox Former Country native name Anpi an Ayiti br Empire d Ha ti conventional long name Empire of Haiti common name Haiti continent North America region country Haiti era government type Monarchy year start 1849 year end 1859 event pre date pre event start date start 26 August event end date end 15 January p1 Kingdom of Haiti flag p1 Kingdom of Haiti flag 1811 .gif p2 Republic of Haiti flag p2 Flag of Haiti.svg s1 Republic of Haiti flag s1 Flag of Haiti.svg image flag Flag of Haiti 1849 1859 .png image coat Imperial Coat of arms of Haiti 1849 1859 .png symbol type Imperial Coat of arms image map LocationHaiti.svg image map caption The Empire of Haiti capital Port au Prince national motto Dieu, Ma Patrie Et Mon p e French language French br small God, my fatherland, my sword small national anthem common languages French language French , Haitian Creole language Haitian Creole religion Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholic currency leader1 Faustin I of Haiti Faustin I year leader1 1849 1859 title leader Emperor of Haiti Emperor The Second Haitian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Haiti French language FrenchEmpire d Ha ti , Haitian Creole language Haitian Creole Anpi an Ayiti was a state which existed from 1849 to 1859. It was established by the then President ... books.google.com books?id ujAPRER5jOMC&pg PA25&dq Empire Haiti Faustin&hl en&ei UvPxS KLoG78gaRq6DTDQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 1&ved 0CCgQ6AEwAA v onepage&q Empire 20Haiti 20Faustin&f false ..., H. P. http books.google.com books?id 4VQbEr3kCV8C&pg PA121&dq Empire Haiti Faustin&hl en&ei UvPxS KLoG78gaRq6DTDQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 7&ved 0CEYQ6AEwBg v onepage&q Empire 20Haiti 20Faustin .... As a result the Emperor abdicated his throne on 15 January 1859. Refused aid by the French ..., Inc. location New York pages 220 isbn 0 8160 3811 2 ref See also History of Haiti First Empire of Haiti References reflist DEFAULTSORT Haiti, Empire of, 1849 1859 Category History of Haiti Empire of Haiti ... more details
executed event pre French intervention in Mexico French Intervention date pre 1861 p1 Second Federal ... coat Coat of Arms of the Second Mexican Empire.svg symbol Coat of arms of Mexico symbol type Imperial Coat of arms image map Second Mexican Empire orthographic projection .svg image map caption Territory of the Second Mexican Empire upon establishment capital Mexico City common languages Spanish ... Image 2 Imperio Mexico 1865.PNG thumb right 300px The departments of the Second Mexican Empire ... disestablishments Category French colonization of the Americas Category French colonial empire Category ... Mexicano fr SecondEmpire mexicain ko 2 it Secondo Impero Messicano ka ...For the earlier Mexican Empire monarchy in Mexico in 1821 1823 see First Mexican Empire . Infobox Former Country native name Imperio Mexicano conventional long name Mexican Empire common name Mexico continent North America region Latin America country Mexico status Empire year start 1864 year end 1867 ... Peso Peso The Mexican Empire lang es Imperio Mexicano was the name of Mexico under the regime established ... of Mexico s hacendados , with the support of the French, as well as from the Austrian and Belgian .... The United States government viewed Emperor Maximilian as a French puppet, and did not recognize ..., 1863. Territorial division The Empire was divided into 50 departments departamentos width 200 ... Ferdinand Maximilian born on 6 July, the second son of Archduke Franz Karl and his wife Sophie ... Don Agustin and Don Salvador. 1866 Napoleon III orders the withdrawal of French troops from Mexico ... The 1970 film Two Mules for Sister Sara was set in Mexico during the years of the Second Mexican Empire. The two main characters, played by Clint Eastwood and Shirley MacLaine , aided a Mexican resistance force and ultimately led them to overpower a French garrison. The 1969 film The Undefeated 1969 film The Undefeated starring John Wayne and Rock Hudson portrays events during the French Intervention ... more details
States Category SecondEmpire architecture Category French Renaissance Revival architecture Category SecondFrenchEmpire Category Architectural styles Category House styles Category Victorian architectural styles Category Revival architectural styles de SecondEmpire Stilrichtung fr Style SecondEmpire ... Revival architecture Neo Baroque architecture. SecondEmpire is an architectural style , most popular between 1865 and 1880, and so named for the French elements in vogue during the era of the SecondFrenchEmpire . In a significant variation it is sometimes called the Napoleon III style . While a distinct style unto itself, some SecondEmpire styling cues, such as Quoin architecture quoins , have .... This style originated in Paris during the late 19th century. SecondEmpire in France Image Palais elysee.jpg ... , Biarritz . Mus e de Picardie 1855 67 , Amiens . SecondEmpire in the United States In the United States, the SecondEmpire style usually combined a rectangular tower, or similar element, with a steep, but short, mansard roof the roof being the most noteworthy link to the style s French roots. This tower ... was to make the structure appear imposing, grand and expensive. Floor plans for SecondEmpire residences ..., New York , 1868. Leland M. Roth see references refers to the style as SecondEmpire Baroque. Mullett Smith see references terms it the SecondEmpire or General Grant style due to its popularity ... during the 1940s, the SecondEmpire style Ohio State Asylum for the Insane in Columbus, Ohio ... to Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital , another Kirkbride Plan Kirkbride SecondEmpire asylum. SecondEmpire was succeeded by the revival of the Queen Anne Style and its sub styles, which enjoyed ... In Canada, SecondEmpire became the choice of the new Dominion government in the 1870s and 1880s for numerous ... Brindley, architect. Chief Secretary s Building 1890 95 , Sydney , Australia, SecondEmpire additions ... Commons category SecondEmpire architecture McAlester, Virginia & Lee, A Field Guide to American ... more details
a field army of the Ottoman Empire a field army of the Turkey Republic of Turkey Second Army Turkey The Second Army of the Ottoman Empire was one of the field army field armies of the Ottoman Army ... Revolution and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era Ottoman EmpireSecond Constitutional ..., the Second in the Balkans and the Fifth Army Ottoman Empire Fifth in Syria. The Army at the start ... are ones the Ottomans used at that time Second Army Headquarters Salonika V Corps Ottoman Empire ... not otherwise have a role. Second Army VI Corps Ottoman Empire VI Corps 16th Infantry Division ... Empire 27th Division Order of battle, April 1915 Second Army V Corps Ottoman Empire V Corps 13th ... in conjunction with the Third Army Ottoman Empire Third Army . The Second Army was made up of veterans ...Use dmy dates date November 2011 Infobox Military Unit unit name Second Army image caption dates 1877 ... 8, p. 30. Tr icon ref country Ottoman Empire allegiance branch type Field Army role size command structure ... Upon mobilization for the Russo Turkish War 1877 1878 , the second army was split in two these were ..., 2003 , 17. ref The Second Army also had inspectorate functions for six Redif or reserve divisions ... , Westport, CT Praeger, 2003 , 19. ref 2nd Army 3rd Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 3rd Division , 4th Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 4th Division , 20th Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 20th Division , 21st Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 21st Division 2nd Cavalry Division Ottoman Empire 2nd ..., Usturumca 6th Cavalry Brigade, Gevgili VI Corps Ottoman Empire VI Corps , Monastir, Macedonia ... 7th Cavalry Brigade, Monastir VII Corps Ottoman Empire VII Corps , sk p Skopje 19th Infantry Division ... Division, kodra VIII Corps Ottoman Empire VIII Corps , Damascus , Syria 25th Infantry Division ..., the Second Redif Inspectorate had divisions in the Balkans at Drama, Serez, Salonika, tip ..., CT Praeger, 2003 , 53. ref When the war started, the Second Army became the Western Army, the equivalent ... more details
territory was part of the first French colonial empire. 2nd means the country territory was part of the secondFrench colonial empire. Now means this is a territory still part of the French Republic today ...Cleanup date December 2008 The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 17th century to the late 1970s. In terms of land area, the empire extended ... century. File FrenchEmpire 17th century 20th century.png thumb Here is a list of all the countries that were part of the French colonial empires in the last 500 years, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate or protectorate. When only a part of the country was under French rule, that part is listed in parentheses after the country. When there are no parentheses, it means the whole country was formerly part of any one of the French colonial empires. Countries listed are those where French sovereignty applied effectively. Areas that were only claimed, but not effectively ... with the British Empire 2nd Wallis and Futuna 2nd & now Antarctic Ocean French Southern and Antarctic Lands 2nd & now DEFAULTSORT Evolution Of The FrenchEmpire Category Former French colonies Category New France Category French colonial empire ... quinoxiale French Guiana 1st, 2nd, & now Africa North Africa Morocco 89 of Morocco 2nd Algeria ... Ivoire 2nd Guinea 2nd Mali as French Sudan 2nd Mauritania 2nd Niger 2nd Senegal 1st & 2nd Togo 2nd ... Seychelles 1st Tanzania Zanzibar , briefly 2nd Red Sea Djibouti as French Somaliland 2nd Yemen Cheikh ... called Hatay Province 2nd South Asia India half of India see French India 1st only Pondicherry , Karikal , Yanam, French India Yanaon , Mah , India Mah , and Chandernagore 2nd East Asia China Kwang Chou Wan leased territory, now the city of Zhanjiang Guangdong province 2nd French Concession territory concessions in Shanghai French Concession Shanghai , Guangzhou , Tianjin , and Hankou 2nd French ... more details
name Second Bulgarian Empire common name Bulgaria image flag image coat Coat of arms of the Second ... flag Romania flag Serbia flag Turkey flag Ukraine The Second Bulgarian Empire lang bg ... of Bulgaria in 1878. Up until 1256, the Second Bulgarian Empire was the dominant power in the Balkans ... of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1185 and thereafter brought about basic changes in the political and ethnic ... 220px thumb left Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire. See also Architecture of the Tarnovo Artistic ... Bulgarian citation first Robert Lee last Wolff title The Second Bulgarian Empire . Its Origin and History ... commons category Second Bulgarian Empire Category 1422 disestablishments Category States and territories ... under Ivan Asen II continent Europe region Balkans era Middle Ages status Empire government type Monarchy ... date event1 17 July 1393 p1 First Bulgarian Empire image p1 File Medallion of Omurtag.png 22px alt link First Bulgarian Empire s1 Ottoman Bulgaria image s1 File Flag of the Ottoman Sultanate 1299 ... Empire , it reached the peak of its power under Kaloyan of Bulgaria Kaloyan and Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria Ivan Asen II before gradually being conquered by the Ottoman Empire Ottomans in the late 14th ... in several major battles, and in 1205 the newly established Latin Empire was crushed in the battle ... power once again. However, in the late 13th century the Empire declined under the constant invasions of Tatars , Byzantine Empire Byzantines , Hungarians , Serbian Empire Serbs , and internal ... libi 4 gal 4 016.html ref mentioned the state as Bulgaria and Bulgarian Empire in official letters. In modern historiography the state is called the Second Bulgarian Empire , Second Bulgarian Tsardom or the Second Bulgarian Kingdom ref http books.google.com books?id df2mIOnbrDoC&pg PA45&dq 22Second ... Empire . An alternative name used in connection with the pre mid 13th century period is the Empire ... Encyclop dia Britannica ref whose different variants include the Vlach Bulgarian Empire , ref http ... more details
The Second Athenian Empire or Confederacy was a maritime confederation of Aegean Islands Aegean city states from 378 BC 355 BC and headed by Athens polis Athens primarily for self defense against the growth of Sparta and secondly, the Persian Empire . Origins The formation of the confederacy was stimulated by the invasion of Attica by Sphodrias of Sparta and Sparta s refusal to prosecute him for his actions according to Xenophon and Diodorus Siculus . It was extremely popular at first, with a number of states previously controlled by Sparta signing up as members due to Sparta s increasing imperialism over the Decree of Aristoteles . An inscribed prospectus for the league was found at Athens Inscriptions Greques 2, 43, also known as the Aristoteles decree dating to 377 BC, detailing the aims of the new league. The intention was to ensure that Sparta would allow all the Greeks to be autonomous the states involved were all to have autonomy and Athens was not permitted to own land in any of the states who were members, or to inflict upon them a garrison or a cleruchy each member could also choose their own constitution, not necessarily a democracy. This prospectus appears to try to promise that this league would not turn out the same way as the earlier, fifth century Delian League which had been unpopular in many quarters as Athens behaviour was heavy handed at times particularly towards those states which had rebelled or showed signs of wanting to rebel. Running of the League The League had a synedrion at Athens,within which each of the league s members were to be autonomous and have one vote each. Along with Athens this was a bicameral system and it is thought that Athens could ... of Athens major allies finally put an end to the confederacy. Further reading Cargill, Jack. The Second Athenian League Empire or Free Alliance? Berkeley University of California Press, 1981. ISBN ..., 2005. Category Athenian Empire Category Late Classical Greece Category 4th century BC military alliances ... more details
Monarchy , SecondFrench Republic Second Republic , SecondFrenchEmpireSecondEmpire and Third French ... 1784 1792 French Revolution and First FrenchEmpire Ambassadors under the French Revolution and First FrenchEmpire . ref name fremb Charles Louis Huguet 1792 1796 in name only Jean Baptiste Annibal ... French Ministry of Foreign Affairs Category Ambassadors of France to the Ottoman Empire Category Lists of ambassadors of France Ottoman Category Lists of French people Ambassadors Category ... more details
was the second largest in the world behind the British Empire . The French colonial empire ... Indiana University Press page 28 ref The true beginnings of the secondFrench colonial empire, however ... over the next 17 years. During the FrenchSecondEmpireSecondEmpire , headed by Napoleon III , an attempt ... colours, one flag, one empire 1941 The French colonial empire began to fall during the Second World ... Country native name Empire colonial fran ais conventional long name French Colonial Empire common ... symbol type image map FrenchEmpire 17th century 20th century.png image map caption Anachronous map of the first and secondFrench colonial empires capital Paris latd 48 latm 12 latNS N longd 16 longm ... United States The French colonial Empire was the set of territories that were under French rule primarily ... some historians term the first French colonial empire. In the 19th century, France established ... amounts to only 1 of the pre 1939 French colonial empire s area, with 2,685,705 people living ... French colonial empire During the 16th century, the French colonization of the Americas began. The Americas File FrenchEmpire evolution.gif thumb left 450px Animated map showing the growth and decline of the First and SecondFrench colonial empires Image Quebec nouvelle france.jpg thumb right 250px ... The French colonial empire in the Americas comprised New France including Canada New France Canada ... July 2011 As the Frenchempire in North America grew, the French also began to build a smaller but more ... in the destruction of most of the first French colonial empire. These wars were the War of the Austrian ... colonial empire was made during the France in the American Revolutionary War French intervention ... against French, Spanish, and British opponents, and ultimately achieved independence as First Empire ... . The French attempt to establish a colony in Egypt in 1798 1801 was not successful. SecondFrench ... 2011 publisher Hong Kong University Press page 215 ref Image Colonies of the secondFrench colonial ... more details
bronzier Pierre Philippe Thomire, ca. 1810. A FrenchEmpire style mantel clock , is a type of elaborately decorated mantel clock made in France over the Napoleonic Empire between 1804 1814 ... Sketch of a FrenchEmpire mantel clock.jpg right thumb 170px Sketch for a clock representing an allegory ... File FrenchEmpire mantel clock.jpg right thumb 170px A 1822 clock depicting the nereid Acis ... Ledure 1783 1840s . col end See also http commons.wikimedia.org wiki Category FrenchEmpire style mantel ... links Commonscat FrenchEmpire style mantel clock http www.youtube.com watch?v 0NpzjFRX1DA Video ... Co., Ltd DEFAULTSORT FrenchEmpire Mantel Clock Category Clocks Category Decorative arts Category ... Already by the end of the 18th century, from the 1780s on, the French mantel clocks participated ... typical of the Louis XV reign. The timekeepers manufactured both over the Louis XVI and the French ... easier. The freedom of trade initiated by the French Revolution allowed many casters, who during ... time. In the Empire style timepieces, bronze was the main material used and both the patinated ... in Paris. ref name www.uhrenaktuell.de http www.uhrenaktuell.de empire zaandam Empire Pendules Catalogue.pdf Pier Van Leeuwen, Empire style mantel clocks A golden dream in timepieces 2003 ... mass produced product. Known as Pendule de Paris Paris, or French, clock movements , they were an 8 ... in many of the Empire ones remain anonymous making it difficult to attribute one particular piece to a certain ... as well as the retailer s name or the movement maker. Style and design File George Washington FrenchEmpire mantel clock.jpg left thumb 170px Ca. 1810 1815 piece presenting George Washington in full ..., the Empire style , a phase of Neoclassicism, based on the classical antiquity art both the ancient Greece and specially the Roman Empire. ref name zaandam.klokkenmuseum.info http zaandam.klokkenmuseum.info Pier Van Leeuwen, Empire mantel clocks A golden dream in timekeepers 2003 in the Museum ... more details
FV NH The Napoleonic system of heraldry did not outlast the First FrenchEmpire, and was thus applied only 6 years. The SecondFrenchEmpire 1852 1870 made no effort to revive it, although the official ...Napoleon I created title of nobility titles of nobility to institute a stable elite in the First FrenchEmpire , after the instability resulting from the French Revolution . Like many others, both before ... functions. The title of marquis was not used during the First FrenchEmpire, and therefore became very ... of nobility titles of nobility , the First FrenchEmpire also introduced a new system of heraldry ... FrenchEmpire but with no rights of sovereignty General Jean Toussaint Arrighi de Casanova Arrighi ... of the First FrenchEmpire is still claimed by families including Claude Dallemagne d Allemagne .... Between 1808 and 1814, 1600 titles of knight were created. See also French nobility Footnotes references DEFAULTSORT Nobility Of The First FrenchEmpire Category Nobility of the First FrenchEmpire Category French nobility fr Noblesse d Empire it Nobilt del Primo Impero francese nl Empireadel pl ... of Empire by an imperial decree on 1 March 1808. The purpose of this creation was to amalgamate ... of the Empire Charles Maurice de Talleyrand P rigord Talleyrand was a prince of B n vent, some Marshal of France marshals of the Empire Duke for the principal dignitaries and marshals of the Empire ... Wars. There were 239 remaining families belonging to the First Empire nobility in 1975. Of those, perhaps ... souverains or sovereign princes which had received a vassal principality of the Empire ref name FV ... . Bataille de la Moskowa is the French name for the Battle of Borodino . Dukes There were three ... Junot , Duc d Duke of Abrantes The Dukes of Abrant s French Title Abrant s , 1808 extinct 1859 ... of France Marshals of the Empire and to certain ministers. Counts The ordinary title of count .... All the knights of l gion d honneur received the title of chevalier d Empire or knight of Empire ... more details
Infobox military conflict conflict Second Campaign of French Indochina partof the South East Asian theatre of World War II image caption date 9 March 26 August 1945 place French Indochina casus Japanese ... in March campaignbox Campaignbox South East Asia The SecondFrench Indochina Campaign , also known as the Japanese ... , then a French colony and known as French Indochina , during the final months of the Second World ... Books, 1994, p.25 ref br Empire of Vietnam created August Revolution Viet Minh takeover in August. ref name Windrow combatant1 flagcountry Empire of Japan br hr image Old Flag Of Vietnam.svg 25px Empire of Vietnam combatant2 flag France br flag French Indochina br hr flagicon North Vietnam 1945 Viet Minh commander1 flagicon Empire of Japan Yuichi Tsuchihashi br flagicon Empire of Japan Takeshi ... Grandjean 2004 ref br Annamese militias strength2 In March br 12,000 French, approx. 12,000 Annamese ref name Grandjean br Later French and British commandos from Force 136 , French and Lao guerrillas ..., the regions of Annam and Tonkin were French protectorates . The campaign resulted in short lived independence of the Empire of Vietnam , the Kingdom of Laos and the Kingdom of Cambodia , and in the complete disorganization of Indochina s French administration. A small scale campaign of guerrilla ... .jpg thumb left 250px Map of French Indochina . In 1945, the Japanese feared an Allied offensive in French Indochina. The Vichy regime had ceased to exist in Europe, but its colonial administration ... Government of the French Republic ref Jacques Dalloz, La Guerre d Indochine , Seuil, 1987, pp 56 59 ref In early March, Japanese forces were redeployed around many of the main French garrison towns, and on 9 March 1945, the Japanese delivered an ultimatum for the French troops to disarm, without warning. Those who refused were usually massacred. In Saigon, senior Japanese officers invited the French .... ref name ReferenceA The Damned Die Hard by Hugh McLeave ref The French upcountry garrisons fared better ... more details
span which initiated the SecondFrenchEmpireSecondEmpire . It officially adopted the motto span lang fr Libert , galit , Fraternit span . The Second Republic witnessed the tension between the Social ... fran aise conventional long name French Republic common name France ag continent Europe region country France era status status text empire government type Republic event start French Revolution of 1848 French Revolution year start 1848 date start 23 February event end SecondFrenchEmpireEmpire reestablished year end 1852 date end 2 December event1 French Constitution of 1848 Constitution adopted date event1 4 November 1848 event2 French coup of 1851 Coup of 1851 date event2 2 December 1851 event3 date event3 p1 July Monarchy flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 SecondFrenchEmpire flag ... image map France1848.PNG image map caption Map of the FrenchSecond Republic capital Paris national ... Sylvie Aprile, la Deuxi me R publique et le SecondEmpire , Pygmalion, 2000 ref and on 15 May, an armed .... 1848 1852 , 328 p. Paris Seuil, 2002 Sylvie Aprile, La Deuxi me R publique et le SecondEmpire ... States and territories established in 1848 Category FrenchSecond Republic Category Former countries ... Marseillaise br small The Song of Marseille small common languages French language French currency French Franc Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies title leader List of heads of state of France Head of State leader1 Jacques Charles Dupont year leader1 1848 leader2 French ... stat year1 stat area1 stat pop1 stat year2 stat pop2 political subdiv today flag France footnotes The FrenchSecond Republic was the republican government of France between the Revolutions of 1848 in France ... of the French Revolution , but rather of martial law and of order ref name Ozouf Mona Ozouf ... on the 9 May entrusted the supreme power to an French Executive Commission 1848 Executive Commission .... Constitution The French Constitution of 1848 new constitution , proclaiming a democratic republic ... more details
, p. 83. ref Second Eastern Army HQ Ferik rank Ferik Hamdi Pasha III Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars III Corps commanded by Mirliva Mahmud Muhtar Pasha VII Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars VII Provisional Corps VIII Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars VIII Provisional Corps Sources Reflist Ottoman Forces during the Balkan Wars Category Field armies of the Ottoman Empire Category Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Wars Category Article Feedback 5 Ottoman stub ...Infobox Military Unit unit name Second Eastern Army image caption dates October 29 ref name Erickson101 Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 101. ref November 7, 1912 ref name Erickson124 Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 124. ref country Ottoman Empire allegiance branch type Field Army role size command structure garrison garrison label equipment equipment label nickname patron List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire Sultans of the Ottoman Empire motto colors colors label march mascot battles anniversaries decorations battle honours Commanders current commander current commander label ceremonial chief ceremonial chief label colonel of the regiment colonel of the regiment label notable commanders Ferik rank Ferik Hamdi Pasha Insignia identification symbol identification symbol label identification symbol 2 identification symbol 2 label The Second Eastern Army of the Ottoman Empire Turkish language Turkish kinci ark Ordusu was one of the field army field armies of the Ottoman Army . It was formed during the initial phase of the First Balkan War . It confronted Kingdom of Bulgaria Bulgarian forces. It was formed from units of reorganized Eastern Army Ottoman Empire Eastern Army on October 29, 1912 ref name Erickson101 . Order of Battle October 29, 1912 On October 29, 1912, the army was structured as follows ref name Erickson83 Edward ... more details
France Empire 1 index.html French website displaying flags of the Grande Arm e http www.militaryhistoryonline.com ... applied to the French and foreign officers, and no less than 140 foreigners attained the rank ... of Valengin. 1753 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Joachim Murat , Prince d Empire, Grand Duke of Cl ves and Berg, King of Naples 1767 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Bon Adrien Jeannot de Moncey , Duke of Con gliano 1754 1842 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean Baptiste Jourdan , Count Jourdan 1762 1833 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Andr Mass na , Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling 1758 1817 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Pierre Augereau Charles Pierre Fran ois Augereau , Duke of Castiglione 1757 1816 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Charles XIV John of Sweden Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte , Prince of Ponte Corvo, Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Guillaume Marie Anne Brune , Count Brune 1763 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean de Dieu Soult , Duke of Dalmatie 1769 1851 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804, Marshal General of France in 1847 Jean Lannes , Duke of Montebello 1769 1809 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 KIA douard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier , Duke of Tr vise 1768 1835 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Michel Ney , Duke of Elchingen, Prince of Moscow 1769 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Louis Nicolas Davout , Duke of Auerstaedt, Prince of Eckm hl 1770 1823 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean Baptiste Bessi res , Duke of Istria 1768 1813 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 KIA Fran ois Christophe de Kellermann , Duke of Valmy 1737 1820 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Fran ois Joseph Lefebvre , Duke of Dantzig 1755 1820 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Dominique Catherine de P rignon , Marquis of Grenade 1754 1818 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Jean Mathieu Philibert S rurier , Count S rurier 1742 1819 , Marshal of the Empire ... , Marshal of the Empire in 1807 tienne Jacques Joseph Alexandre MacDonald , Duke of Tarento 1765 ... more details
The French post offices in the Ottoman Empire were post office s in various cities of the Ottoman Empire run by France between 1812 and 1923. France was one of nine countries that had negotiated Capitulations with the Ottomans, various extraterritorial rights in exchange for trade opportunities. In the case of mail , the countries purpose was to facilitate communication between business interests at home and agents throughout the Middle East . The system came to end with the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1885 1pi.jpg right 120px thumb 1 piaster overprint on 25 centime ... DEFAULTSORT French Post Offices In The Ottoman Empire Category Buildings and structures of the Ottoman Empire Category Communications in the Ottoman Empire Category Postage stamps of France Category ... in 1885, some French stamps were Overprint surcharge d in piasters, at a rate of four piasters to the franc. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1903 30c.jpg right 120px thumb 30c, 1902 Beginning in 1902 ... Piastre Beyrouth . Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1923 3pi30pa.jpg right 120px thumb 3 piaster 30 para overprint on French 25c World War I forced the closure of all the post offices on 13 October 1914 ... Stamp French PO Cavalle 4pi.jpg right 200px thumb Cavalle 4pi Post offices Alexandretta Beirut ... Stamp French PO Dedeagh 1902 10c.jpg right 120px thumb Dedeagh 10c, postmarked 21 March 1913 Dedeagh ... Latakia Mersin Merson Image Stamp French PO Port Lagos 1893 5c.jpg right 120px thumb Port Lagos overprint ... zmir Smyrna Sulina Trabzon Trebizond Tripoli Tulcea Image Stamp French PO Vathy 1894 15c.jpg right 120px thumb Vathy overprint on 15c Varna Volos See also French post offices abroad French post offices in Crete French post offices in Egypt Sources Stanley Gibbons Ltd various catalogues http www.jl.sl.btinternet.co.uk ... The Stamp Atlas External links http robert.desert.chez alice.fr index.htm Bureaux fran ais de l Empire ... dans l Empire ottoman ru tr Osmanl mparatorlu u nda Frans z ... more details
Use dmy dates date March 2012 Image Dep fr.jpg thumb right 250px Map of the First FrenchEmpire in 1811 Empire fran ais divis en 130 d partements by MM. Drioux and Leroy Image Dep fr.svg thumb right 250px Map of the First FrenchEmpire in 1812, including the four French departments from Spain which had an incomplete juridical status This is a list of the 130 departments of France departments lang fr link no d partements , the conventional name for the administrative subdivisions of the First FrenchEmpire at the height of its territorial extent, circa 1811. Note that the Illyrian Provinces were also part of France, but were not organised into departments, and so are not included in this list. Similarly, four additional French departments were also created in Catalonia the part of Spain annexed in 1812 their juridical status remained incomplete until Spain was lost by the First FrenchEmpire in 1814. Those departments were Bouches de l bre , Montserrat department Montserrat , S gre department S gre and Ter department Ter . class wikitable width 20 Ain Cher department Cher Haut Rhin Maine et Loire style background ccc border solid 2px 666 Roer department Roer Aisne width 20 Corr ze Haute Garonne Manche style background a3b0bf border solid 2px cedff2 Rome department Rome Allier Corsica Corse Haute Loire style background f2e0ce border solid 2px bfb1a3 Marengo department Marengo style background cedff2 border solid 2px a3b0bf Sambre et Meuse style background cef2e0 border solid 2px a3bfb1 Alpes Maritimes C te d Or Haute Marne Marne Sa ne et Loire style background a3bfb1 border solid 2px cef2e0 Apennins C tes d Armor C tes du Nord width 20 Haute Sa ne Mayenne style background ... of the departments in French Annexed departments of the First FrenchEmpire Category Former ... spaces 3 Former territory of the Holy Roman Empire on the left bank of the Rhine , annexed on various ... solid 2px ddcef2 spaces 3 Former territory of various Holy Roman Empire German states , annexed in 1810 ... more details
The French football second division champions are the winners of the second highest league of football in France , Ligue 2 . The winner also earns promotion to the first division Ligue 1 , as do the second ... language French ref class wikitable sortable Year Winner Second Place 1934 35 French Division 2 1934 35 FC Metz Metz Valenciennes FC Valenciennes 1935 36 French Division 2 1935 36 FC Rouen Rouen RC Roubaix 1936 37 French Division 2 1936 37 RC Lens Lens Valenciennes 1937 38 French Division 2 1937 38 Le Havre AC Le Havre AS Saint tienne Saint tienne 1938 39 French Division 2 1938 39 FC Red Star Saint Ouen Red Star Paris Stade Rennais F.C. Rennes 1939 45 colspan 2 World War II 1946 47 French Division 2 1946 47 FC Sochaux Montb liard Sochaux Olympique Al s Al s 1947 48 French Division 2 1947 48 OGC Nice Nice SR Colmar Colmar 1948 49 French Division 2 1948 49 sup 1 sup Lens FC Girondins de Bordeaux Bordeaux 1949 50 French Division 2 1949 50 N mes Olympique N mes Le Havre 1950 51 French Division 2 1950 51 Olympique Lyonnais Lyon Metz 1951 52 French Division 2 1951 52 Stade Fran ais Paris football Stade Fran ais Montpellier HSC Montpellier 1952 53 French Division 2 1952 53 Toulouse FC Toulouse AS Monaco FC Monaco 1953 54 French Division 2 1953 54 Lyon Troyes 1954 55 French Division 2 1954 55 Sedan Torcy Red Star Paris 1955 56 French Division 2 1955 56 Rennes Angers 1956 57 French Division 2 1956 57 Olympique Al s Al s B ziers 1957 58 French Division 2 1957 58 Nancy Rennes 1958 59 French Division 2 1958 59 Le Havre Stade Fran ais Paris 1959 60 French Division 2 1959 60 Grenoble Nancy 1960 61 French Division 2 1960 61 Montpellier Metz 1961 62 French Division 2 1961 62 Grenoble Valenciennes 1962 63 French Division 2 1962 63 Saint tienne Nantes 1963 64 French Division 2 1963 64 Lille Sochaux 1964 65 French Division 2 1964 65 Nice Red Star Paris 1965 66 French Division 2 1965 ... of the French Football Federation . Following, World War II , the league assumed its identity under ... more details
Infobox French constituency name 2nd constituency for French residents overseas image Deuxieme circonscription francais etranger.svg member type Deputy member none yet party colour member party department none Constituencies for French residents overseas overseas residents canton none census date 2011 pop 92,633 The Second constituency for French residents overseas deuxi me circonscription des Fran ais tablis hors de France is one of Constituencies for French residents overseas eleven constituencies each electing one representative of French citizens overseas to the French National Assembly France National Assembly . Area It covers all French citizens living in Antigua and Barbuda , Argentina , the Bahamas , Barbados , Belize , Bolivia , Brazil , Chile , Colombia , Costa Rica , Cuba , Dominica , the Dominican Republic , Ecuador , El Salvador , Grenada , Guatemala , Guyana , Haiti , Honduras , Jamaica , Mexico , Nicaragua , Panama , Paraguay , Peru , Saint Kitts and Nevis , Saint Lucia ... the First constituency for French residents overseas First constituency . Nor does it include the Overseas departments and territories of France French overseas departments and territories in the Americas ... Saint Pierre et Miquelon s 1st constituency one constituency , Guadeloupe four , Martinique four and French ... Les lections en 2012 l tranger Votre circonscription pour l lection des d put s , French ..., as of New Year s Day 2011, 92,633 registered French voters. ref http www.legifrance.gouv.fr ... , L gifrance ref This constituency will elect its first ever representative at the French legislative election, 2012 2012 French legislative election . Deputies to be determined Election results 2012 ... also includes the French Communist Party . ref http blog.france3.fr ftv expats 2012 01 12 investitures ... Henry Chenut , Le Petit Journal ref Election box begin title French legislative election, 2012 ... Reflist Constituencies for French residents overseas Category French legislative constituencies ... more details
The Second Congress on the French Language in Canada French language French Deuxi me Congr s de la langue ... of Universit Laval and president of the Second Congress on the French Language in Canada. To commemorate the 25th anniversary of the First Congress on the French Language in Canada Congress of 1912 , the Soci t du parler fran ais au Canada Soci t du parler fran ais organized a second congress in Quebec City between June 27 and July 1st, 1937. This second congress used the same formula as that of the first ... of the National Holiday Quebec French Canadian National Day , but rather shortly after. The theme of the second congress was The French spirit in Canada, in our language, our laws, our habits L ... M. Paul Henri Guimont Vows The Second Congress of the French Language in Canada concluded with the adoption ... French Canadians, Acadians and Franco Americans and their various institutions, admitted as either protective ... improve and be in proper French that scientific reviews be better supported and encouraged that a Board on the French language in Canada Office de la langue fran aise au Canada be set up, with the mandate ... of the French spirit of laws and interpretation methods that a commission be set up to revise all laws of Quebec to conform to the French spirit, in a concise, logical and methodical ... no longer be restrained to literal translation that the rights of the French language be recognized ... schools in the United States, the quality of French in the press and radio, solidarity among francophone ... be cultivated among the young people, that French language feminine associations be created in Canada ... on the French Language in Canada Comit permanent des Congr s de la langue fran aise ..., Universit Laval, 47 p. Congress on the French language in Canada DEFAULTSORT Congress on the French Language in Canada, 2 Category Quebec French Category Languages of the United States Category Acadia Category French Canada Category Organisation internationale de la Francophonie Category 1937 ... more details
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