For selfreference within Wikipedia Wikipedia Manual of Style Self references to avoid Image MagrittePipe.jpg ... stating This is not a pipe. Selfreference occurs in natural language natural or formal languages when a Sentence linguistics sentence , idea or formula refers to itself. The reference may be expressed ... the word I in English. Selfreference is studied and has applications in mathematics , philosophy ... as a symbol for selfreference. cn date March 2012 An example of a self referential situation is the one ... which creates itself. fact date November 2011 In metaphysics , selfreference is subjectivity ... January 2010 Selfreference also occurs in literature and film when an author refers to his work ... breaking the fourth wall and meta reference , which often involve selfreference. The surrealist painter ... itself. In computer science , selfreference occurs in Reflection computer science reflection , where ... support reflection to some extent with varying degrees of expressiveness. Additionally, selfreference ... Ende s The Neverending Story uses selfreference of the book prominently, when a character Bastian ... a link to this article, i.e. Selfreference , in the See also section, it will be removed. col ... Books . Raymond Smullyan Smullyan, Raymond 1994 , Diagonalization and SelfReference , Oxford ..., i.e. Selfreference , in the External links section, it will be removed. http cgi.cs.indiana.edu ... http www.cut the knot.org selfreference index.shtml Selfreference and apparent selfreference http www.maths.unsw.edu.au jim selfref.html Selfreference jokes http www.earlham.edu peters writing ... Lang publishing company Peter Lang Publishing, 1990 . A book length study of selfreference in law ... www.uwm.edu chruska recursive selfref.html University of Wisconsin Milwaukee at archive.org SelfReference in SelfReference in SelfReference in ... , a review of a review of a review of ... http www.webcitation.org 5mGZsMlWy archived at WebCite Category Selfreference Category Grammar Category Theory ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Indirect selfreference describes an object selfreference referring to itself indirectly . For example, define the function f such that f x x x . Any function passed as an argument to f is invoked with itself as an argument, and thus in any use of that argument is indirectly referring to itself. This example is similar to the Scheme programming language Scheme expression lambda x x x lambda x x x , which is expanded to itself by beta reduction, and so its evaluation loops indefinitely despite the lack of explicit looping constructs. An equivalent example can be formulated in lambda calculus . Indirect selfreference is special in that its self referential quality is not explicit, as it is in the sentence this sentence is false. The phrase this sentence refers directly to the sentence as a whole. An indirectly self referential sentence would replace the phrase this sentence with an expression that effectively still referred to the sentence, but did not use the pronoun this. An example will help to explain this. Suppose we define the quine computing quine of a phrase to be the quotation of the phrase followed by the phrase itself. So, the quine of is a sentence fragment would be is a sentence fragment is a sentence fragment which, incidentally, is a true statement. Now consider the sentence when quined, makes quite a statement when quined, makes quite a statement The quotation here, plus the phrase when quined, indirectly refers to the entire sentence. The importance of this fact is that the remainder of the sentence, the phrase makes quite a statement ..., in fact, that selfreference can be achieved at all in these systems. Upon closer inspection ... quine , and f x is actually the quine function itself. Indirect selfreference was studied ... Van Orman Quine Quine computing Indirection Selfreference Diagonal lemma Self interpreter G del, Escher, Bach Actor model DEFAULTSORT Indirect SelfReference Category Selfreference Category Theoretical ... more details
Puzzles A selfreference puzzle is a type of logic al puzzle where the question in the puzzle refers to the attributes of the puzzle itself. ref http www.ddewey.net puzzle Base 3 selfreference puzzles ref A common example is that a fill in the blanks style sentence is given, but what is filled in the blanks can contribute to the sentence itself. An example is There are e s in this sentence. , which can be filled by 7 since there are 7 e s in the sentence or eight since including the eight , there are 8 e s in the sentence . Examples http www.drunkmenworkhere.org 170 References reflist logic stub Category Logic puzzles ... more details
The selfreference effect is a tendency for people to encode information differently depending on the level on which the self is implicated in the information. When people are asked to remember information when it is related in some way to the self, the recall rate can be improved. ref name Selfreference Citation last Rogers first Timothy B. last2 Kuiper first2 Nicholas A. last3 Kirker first3 W.S. title SelfReference and the Encoding of Personal Information year 1977 journal Journal of Personality and Social Psychology volume 35 pages 677 678 ref Research There have been numerous ideas pointing to the idea we now call the selfreference effect. In 1955, George Kelly published an article on how humans create personal constructs . This was a more general cognitive theory based on the idea that each individual s psychological processes are influenced by the way they anticipate events. This lays the groundwork for the ideas of personal constructs. ref cite book title The Psychology of Personal Constructs last Kelly first George year 1955 publisher Norton location New York isbn 9780230008410 ref Attribution theory ref cite book last Jones first E. E. title Attribution Perceiving the causes ... recall than those receiving other instructions. ref name Selfreference In connection with the levels ... Personal construct theory Self div References Reflist 2 External links http digitalcommons.uconn.edu chip docs 9 The SelfReference Effect in Memory A MetaAnalysis Biases DEFAULTSORT Confirmation Bias ... a construct of self, since people can explain things related to themselves differently than if exactly ... Citation last Jones first R. A. last2 Sensenig first2 J. last3 Haley first3 J. V. title Self descriptions ... Psychology volume 30 pages 36 45 ref Corroborated the idea that the self has a special construct ... to a topic connected to the self. ref Citation last Klein first S. B. last2 Loftus first2 J. title The nature of self referrent encoding The contribution of elaborative and organizational processes ... more details
. Psychology In terms of mental processing, a selfreference is used in psychology to establish identification with a mental state during self analysis. This seeks to allow the individual to develop ...Refimprove date April 2010 pp move indef Reference is a relation between objects in which one object ... object refers is called the referent of the first object. The term reference is used in many spheres ... hide the reference from some observers, as in cryptography . The following sections give specific usages of reference in different subjects. Etymology The word reference is derived from ... science Main Reference computer science In computer science , Reference computer science reference ... of data structure s, such as linked list s. Generally, a reference is a value that enables a program to directly access the particular data item. Most programming language s support some form of reference. The C programming language has a specific type of reference also referred to as a reference see reference C . Bibliographies Bibliographies are special reference work s that are used to identify ... or researchers. Library and information sciences In a library , reference may refer to a dictionary , an encyclopedia or other reference work , that contains many brief articles that cover a broad scope of knowledge in one book, or a set of books. However, the word reference is also used to mean a book that cannot be taken from the room, or from the building. Many of the books in the reference department of a library are reference works, but some are books that are simply too large or valuable to loan out. Conversely, selected reference works may be shelved with other library circulation ... Resource Identifier URI . Librarians also conduct reference interview s at the library reference ... though virtual reference and digital reference services . Encyclopedias & books of facts Some published sources are produced as reference work s that allow quick access to essential information about ... more details
other uses The self is an individual person as the object of his or her own reflective consciousness . The self has been studied extensively by philosophers and psychologists and is central to many world religions. Philosophy main Philosophy of self The philosophy of self seeks to describe essential ... to defining these qualities. The self can be considered that being which is the source of consciousness ... over time. The philosophy of a disordered self is described in terms of what the psychiatrist understands ... of self The psychology of self is the study of either the cognitive and affective representation of one s identity or the subject of experience. The earliest formulation of the self in modern psychology form the distinction between the self as I, the subjective knower, and the self as Me , the object ... University Press. Original work published 1890 ref Current views of the self in psychology position the self as playing an integral part in human motivation, cognition, affect, and social identity . ref Sedikides, C. & Spencer, S. J. Eds. 2007 . The Self . New York Psychology Press ref Self following ... Pearce CW. 2000 . The construction of autobiographical memories in the self memory system. Psychol ... sense of self based upon preserved conceptual autobiographical knowledge. ref name Rathbone Rathbone ... to ground the self. Neurocase. 21 1 14. PMID 19382038 ref It is increasingly possible to correlate cognitive and affective experience of self with neural processes. A goal of this ongoing research is to provide ... identity are composed. The Disorders of the Self have also been extensively studied by psychiatrists. ref Berrios G.E. & Markov I.S. 2003 The self in psychiatry a conceptual history. In Kircher T & David A. eds The Self in Neurosciences and Psychiatry . Cambridge, Cambridge University Press ... cannot explain many constructs of self for cases of disorder, such as schizophrenia or schizo affective disorder. Religion main Religious views on the self Religious views on the self vary widely ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name In and of the Self Type studio Artist Buried Inside Cover In And Of The Self.jpg Released 1999 Genre Metalcore Label Matlock Records This album In And Of The Self br 1999 Next album Suspect Symmetry br 2001 In and of the Self is the debut album by Canadian metalcore band Buried Inside band Buried Inside . It was released on Matlock Records in 1999. Track listing Social Skingraft 3 53 The Seductive Nature of Female Sexuality 3 50 In and of the Self 3 13 Unendowed Come Join The Party 3 26 Eve of Forever 4 22 Along the Edge of a Straight Razor 1 19 Sic Transit Gloria Mundi 5 36 DEFAULTSORT In And Of The Self Category 1999 debut albums Category Buried Inside albums ... more details
Infobox writer for more information see Template Infobox writer doc name Will Self image Will Self at Humber Mouth 2007.jpg caption pseudonym birth name William Woodard Self birth date Birth date and age ... Nicholas last Wroe title A life in writing Will Self date 2001 06 02 ref Jonathan Swift , ref http ... Will Self born 26 September 1961 is an English people English journalist, novelist and short story writer ... news old story 343 ref Early life Self was raised, in his words, in an effortlessly dull ... snobbish parents . His father was Peter Self , Professor of Public Administration at the London ... Understanding Will Self , p7 ref ref cite news url http www.guardian.co.uk books 2007 may 09 willself ...,Will Self Author date 2007 05 09 ref Through his father, Self is a descendant of minister Nathaniel Woodard . ref Understanding Will Self By M. Hunter Hayes p10 ref Despite the intellectual encouragement given by his parents, Self was an emotionally confused and self destructive child, harming himself ... location London work The Guardian first Will last Self title Biography Books genre ,Books,Culture date 2008 06 15 ref Self was a voracious reader from a young age. At ten an interest in science ... K. Dick reflecting the precociousness of Self s reading. Into his teenage years, Self claimed to have been overawed by the canon , stifling his ability to express himself. Nevertheless, Self s dabbling with illegal drugs grew in step with his prolific reading. Self was addicted to heroin, as well as many ... name tribune http www.iht.com articles 2006 12 07 features self.php Will Self s slow walk into downtown New York International Herald Tribune, 7 December 2006 ref Of Self s background Nick Rennison has ..., a place he has occupied almost from the start of his career. ref M. Hunter Hayes Understanding Will Self , p12 ref blockquote Education Self attended University College School , an independent school ... cite news url http www.independent.co.uk news people profiles you ask the questions will self ... more details
About a mental illness the album by Psyopus Ideas of Reference Ideas of reference and delusions of reference ... in Western Literature 2005 p. 117 ref In psychiatry, delusions of reference form part of the diagnostic ... like methamphetamine . Freudian views Sigmund Freud considered that ideas of reference illuminated ... of the superego is most clearly seen in ideas of reference and of being influenced....Delusions of this kind merely bring to the patient from the outside what his self observing and self critical ... p. 430 1 ref Lacan similarly saw ideas of reference as linked to the unbalancing of the relation ..., validation rather than clinical condemnation of ideas of reference frequently took place, on the grounds for example that the patient s ideas of reference and influence and delusions ... are partially achieved derealization realizations . ref R. D. Laing, Self and Others Penguin 1969 p. 39 ref Laing also considered of the way in typical paranoid ideas of reference, the person ... with the patient reveals in fact that what tortures him is not so much his delusions of reference ... at all . ref Laing, p. 136 ref Delusions of reference Ideas of reference must be distinguished from delusions of reference, which may be similar in content but are held with greater conviction . ref P ... Adams, p. 540 ref At the same time, there may be transitions...to delusions from ideas of reference whereas abortive ideas of reference, in the beginning of their development or, in Schizotypal personality ... rigidly controlled by his superego...readily forms sensitive ideas of reference . A key ... of reference . ref A. C. P. Sims, Symptoms in the Mind 2003 p. 129 ref Within the focus of paranoia ... Emissary London 2010 p. 399 ref Examples Persons with ideas of reference may experience Believing ... Generalized other Imaginary friend Paranoia Paranoiac critical method Personal boundaries Reference group Salvador Dal Surrealism References Reflist colwidth 40em references DEFAULTSORT Ideas Of Reference ... more details
A reference group is a concept referring to a Group sociology group to which an individual or another group is compared. Sociologists call any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior a reference group. Reference groups are used in order to evaluate and determine the nature of a given individual or other group s characteristics and sociological attributes. It is the group to which the individual relates or aspires to relate himself or herself psychologically. It becomes the individual s frame of reference and source for ordering his or her experiences, perceptions, cognition, and ideas of self. It is important for determining a person s self identity, attitudes, and social ties. It becomes the basis of reference in making comparisons or contrasts and in evaluating one s appearance and performance. Reference groups provide the benchmarks and contrast needed for comparison and evaluation of group and personal characteristics. Robert K. Merton hypothesized that individuals compare themselves with reference groups of people who occupy the social role to which the individual aspires. ref name Holton 2004 cite journal url http www.aps pub.com proceedings 1484 480411.pdf format PDF author Gerald Holton title Robert K. Merton Biographical Memoirs journal Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society volume 148 issue 4 pages 506 517 date 4 December 2004 accessdate 2007 08 07 quote He developed a theory of the reference group i.e., the group ... 2007 08 11 ref quote Reference groups are groups that people refer to when evaluating their own ... 205 41365 X ref Reference groups act as a frame of reference to which people always refer to evaluate their achievements, their role performance, aspirations and ambitions. A reference group can be either from a membership group or non membership group. An example of a reference group being used would ... , 2006 If, however, the same person considers the relevant reference group to be those in the top 0.1 ... more details
, it can be argued that selfreference is a necessary consequence of Aristotle s Law of non contradiction , a fundamental philosophical axiom . In this view, without selfreference, logic and mathematics ... Circular Reference Category Causal fallacies Category Philosophical logic Category Selfreference de ...A circular reference is a series of reference s where the last object references the first, resulting in a closed loop. In language A circular reference is not to be confused with the logical fallacy of a circular argument . Although a circular reference will often be unhelpful and reveal no information, such as two entries in a book index referring to each other, it is not necessarily so that a circular reference is of no use. Dictionaries, for instance, must always ultimately be a circular reference ... remains a useful reference. Sentences containing circular referents can still be meaningful Her ...?id fvJTwwCSy8UC&pg PA32&dq 22circular reference 22 excel computer programming&lr &as brr 3&cd 39 ...&pg PA60&dq 22circular reference 22 excel computer programming&lr &as brr 3&cd 9 v onepage&q 22circular ... planned business support will result in a circular reference. For example Alice needs to return ... between objects or resources Reference counting Circular references can appear in computer programming ... a circular reference. It doesn t help that, for instance, A1 3 and B1 2 would satisfy both formulas .... A circular reference represents a big problem in computing. A deadlock occurs when two or more processes ... be used to create a self referencing or circular FOREIGN KEY constraint. ref cite web title Microsoft ... For Oracle and PostgreSQL the problem with updating a circular reference can be solved by defining ... the term Cyclic to designate a circular reference. ref cite web title Oracle Documentation SQL Error ... be made with processes containing a circular reference between those that are incomputable and those ... in spreadsheets Circular reference in worksheets can be a very useful technique for solving implicit ... more details
mainly to XRIC, sounds like a self defeating misnomer, because text retrieval and cross reference ...refimprove date February 2010 Cleanup date April 2007 A cross reference noun is an instance within a document which refers to related or synonymous information elsewhere, usually within the same work. To cross reference or to cross refer verb is to make such connections. The term cross reference is often abbreviated as x ref , xref , or, in computer science, XR . Cross referencing is usually employed to either verify claims made by an author or to link to another piece of work that is of related interest. See, for example, the Linux cross reference tool, http lxr.linux.no source init main.c LXR for init main.c . In an Index publishing index , a cross reference is often denoted by See Also . For example, under the term Albert Einstein in the index of a book about Nobel Laureates, there may be the cross reference See Also Einstein, Albert . Hypertext Cross referencing in hypertext XR is maintained either internally or externally to a document with either in context XRIC or out of context XROC cross referencing. These are analogous to Key Word in Context KWIC and KWOC , which were very early computer applications inherited from the centuries old idea of concordance . Traditionally, reference numbers and footnote marks are examples of in context cross referencing, whereas the index publishing index and the reference list at the end of texts are examples of out of context cross referencing. Out of context cross referencing relies on the traditional, manually produced indexes using ... to a religious war, which would be moderately called the cross reference war . While the Web surpassed ... used to object to the wide spectrum of text retrieval or cross reference and subject it mainly to the narrow .... RDBMS A table can have an xref as prefix to indicate it is a cross reference table that joins ... 15, 90 113. See also Xrefer Category Reference cs Xref de Querverweis el nl Doorverwijzing ... more details
Reference date may mean Reference date United States business cycles See Epoch reference date for information on dates used as reference points for calendars and time standards disambig ... more details
Reference frame may refer to Frame of reference , in physics Reference frame video , frames of a compressed video that are used to define future frames disambig ... more details
Point of reference is the intentional use of one thing to indicate something else. It may refer to Reference point General usage Frame of reference Physics usage disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2009 In computer programming , a strong reference is a normal Reference computer science reference that protects the referred object from collection by a garbage collection computer science garbage collector . The term is used to distinguish the reference from weak reference s. Memory management navbox a Category Programming constructs Category Memory management compu lang stub ... more details
Refimprove date May 2009 A phantom reference is one of the strengths or levels of non strong reference strong reference defined in the Java programming language Java programming language the others being weak reference weak and soft reference soft . ref cite web title Package java.lang.ref url http docs.oracle.com javase 7 docs api java lang ref package summary.html work Java Platform, Standard Edition 7 API Specification publisher Oracle accessdate 12 December 2011 ref An object is phantomly referenced after it has been finalizer finalized , but before its allocated memory has been reclaimed. See also Weak reference Soft reference Circular reference References Reflist Category Programming constructs Category Memory management compu lang stub cs Phantom reference ... more details
Reference state is the intentional use of one thing to indicate something else. It may refer to Reference point General usage Standard state Chemistry usage disambig ... more details
A reference circuit is a hypothetical electric circuit of specified equivalent length and computer configuration configuration , and having a defined transmission characteristic or characteristics, used primarily as a reference for measuring the performance of other, i.e., real, circuits or as a guide for planning and engineering of circuits and networks. Normally, several types of reference circuits are defined, with different configurations, because Telecommunication communications are required over a wide range of distances. Another type of reference circuit shows how to configure integrated circuits into function blocks, which Analog Devices provides for electrical design engineers. Analog Devices Circuits from the Lab reference circuits are fully tested and come with the schematics, evaluation boards, and device drivers necessary for system integration. A group of related reference circuits is also called a reference system . References FS1037C MS188 See also netlist SPICE Category Electronic circuits ... more details
A soft reference is one of the strengths or levels of non strong reference strong reference defined in the Java programming language Java programming language , the others being weak reference weak and phantom reference phantom . The Garbage collection computer science garbage collector will always collect weakly referenced objects, but will only collect softly referenced objects when its algorithms decide that memory is low enough to warrant it. Soft and weak references provide two quasi priorities for non strongly referenced objects. Soft references may be used, for example, when writing a cache computing cache weakly referenced objects may disappear too quickly to make the cache useful. See also Weak reference Phantom reference Circular reference External links http www.pawlan.com monica articles refobjs Java developer article Reference Objects and Garbage Collection http weblogs.java.net blog enicholas archive 2006 05 understanding w.html Understanding Weak References Category Data types Category Memory management compu lang stub ... more details
Geodesy In geodesy , a reference ellipsoid is a mathematically defined surface that approximates the geoid , the truer figure of the Earth , or other planetary body. Because of their relative simplicity, reference ellipsoids are used as a preferred surface on which geodetic network computations are performed and point coordinates such as latitude , longitude , and elevation are defined. Ellipsoid parameters ...&pg PA239 ref Failed verification date February 2012 that a rotating self gravitating fluid body ... classify reference ellipsoids by giving the semi major axis and the inverse flattening , 1 f , The flattening ... 2011 A primary use of reference ellipsoids is to serve as a basis for a coordinate system of latitude ... the same reference ellipsoid. The longitude measures the rotational angle between the zero meridian ... that is Surface normal normal to the reference ellipsoid. Depending on the flattening, it may be slightly ..., and the height h of the point over the reference ellipsoid. If these coordinates, i.e., latitude ... the most common reference ellipsoid used, and that used in the context of the Global Positioning System, is the one defined by WGS 84 . Traditional reference ellipsoids or geodetic datum s are defined ... 1924 6 378 388 6 356 911.9 297 SK 42 Reference System Krasovsky 1940 6 378 245 6 356 863 298.299 ... planetary bodies Reference ellipsoids are also useful for geodetic mapping of other planetary bodies ... and Mars now have quite precise reference ellipsoids. For rigid surface nearly spherical bodies ... surface feature is used when defining a reference meridian. For gaseous planets like Jupiter , an effective ... spheroid. For highly irregular bodies the concept of a reference ellipsoid may have no useful value, so sometimes a spherical reference is used instead and points identified by planetocentric ... 0 GPS GPSHelmert1.html Coordinate Systems, Frames and Datums DEFAULTSORT Reference Ellipsoid Category ... nl Referentie ellipso de pt Elipsoide de refer ncia ru simple Reference ellipsoid ... more details
Orphan date September 2010 The Reference 54 is a model of alto saxophone alto and tenor saxophone s, and part of the Selmer ReferenceReference series by musical instrument manufacturing company The Selmer Company Selmer . ref Cite web url http www.kesslermusic.com SelmerLeblanc referencesax.htm title Selmer Reference 54 & 36 Series Saxophones accessdate 17 May 2009 ref See also The Selmer Company References Reflist Woodwind instrument stub Category Musical instrument manufacturing companies Category Saxophones ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A reference collection is a collecting collection of objects maintained for the purpose of study and authentication. Reference collections are generally large undertakings maintained by institutions instead of having a single representative of each object, they will typically have multiples, so as to illustrate variations and, sometimes, provide samples for comparisons. For human created objects such as postage stamp s or coin s, a good reference collection will also include an assortment of carefully labelled fakes and forgeries. Since the purpose is study rather than personal gratification or display, a reference collection values damaged objects as much as the pristine in fact, organizations maintaining reference collections will encourage members to donate their damaged or poor condition items to the collection. In biology , reference collections, such as herbarium herbaria are an important sort of information about variations of populations within a species. They are also the repository of holotype s used as the official definition of species. In philately , reference collections are critical to expertization , since the characteristics differentiating authentic stamps from reprints, fakes, and forgeries are often too subtle to be described verbally. DEFAULTSORT Reference Collection Category Collecting ... more details
Vouch by Reference VBR is a protocol used in Internet mail systems for implementing sender certification by third party entities. Independent certification providers vouch for the reputation of senders by verifying the domain name that is associated with transmitted electronic mail. VBR information can be used by a message transfer agent , a mail delivery agent or by an email client. The protocol is intended to become a standard for email sender certification, and is described in RFC 5518. ref RFC 5518, Vouch By Reference , P. Hoffman, J. Levine, A. Hathcock April 2009 ref Operation Email sender A user of a VBR email certification service signs its messages using DKIM DomainKeys Identified Mail DKIM and includes a VBR Info field in the signed header. The sender may also use the Sender Policy Framework to authenticate its domain name. The VBR Info header field contains the domain name that is being certified, typically the responsible domain in a DKIM signature d tag , the type of content in the message, and a list of one or more vouching services, that is the domain names of the services that vouch for the sender for that kind of content VBR Info md domain.name.example mc type mv vouching.example vouching2.example Email receiver An email receiver can authenticate the message s domain name using DKIM or SPF, thus finding the domains that are responsible for the message. It then obtains the name of a vouching service that it trusts, either from among the set supplied by the sender or from a locally configured set of preferred vouching services. Using the Domain Name System , the receiver can verify whether a vouching service actually vouches for a given domain. To do so, the receiver queries a code TXT code resource record for the name composed domain.name.example . vouch ... vouches, given as lowercase ASCII. They should match the self asserted message content. The types ... Vouch By Reference Category Email authentication Category Cryptographic protocols Category Spam ... more details
For reference questions in the context of libraries Reference interview In Canada Canadian Law of Canada law , a Reference Question is a submission by the Canadian government federal or a Provinces and territories ... Court or Court of Appeal. The process is very similar to the federal government reference questions .... Attorney General of Canada Reference Appeal 1912 A.C. 571, the role of the courts in references is not judicial ... Australia and the United States, eschew reference jurisdiction for their courts. In the U.S. ... took counsel from Canadian legal academics. Notable Federal Reference Questions There have been over 75 federal references since 1892. Some of the most notable include Reference re Securities Act , 2011 Re Same Sex Marriage Reference re Same Sex Marriage , 2004 Reference re Secession of Quebec , http canlii.ca en ca scc doc 1998 1998canlii793 1998canlii793.html 1998 nowiki nowiki 2 S.C.R. 217 Reference re Quebec Sales Tax , 1994 Reference re Ng Extradition , 1991 Reference re David Milgaard Conviction ... 866 April 14, 1992 Reference re Manitoba Language Rights 1984 , http canlii.ca en ca scc doc 1985 1985canlii33 1985canlii33.html 1985 nowiki nowiki 1 S.C.R. 721 Reference re Upper Churchill Water Rights Reversion Act , 1984 Reference re Authority of Parliament in Relation to the Upper House , http ... Reference Anti Inflation Reference , 1976 Reference re Regina v. Coffin affair Coffin , http canlii.ca en ca scc doc 1956 1956canlii94 1956canlii94.html 1956 nowiki nowiki S.C.R. 191 Reference re Persons of Japanese Race , 1946 S.C.R. 248 Re Eskimos , 1939 Reference re Alberta Statutes 1938 S.C.R. 100 Notable Provincial Reference Questions http scc.lexum.org en 2010 2010scc61 2010scc61.html Reference re Assisted Human Reproduction Act , 2010 SCC 61, 2010 3 S.C.R. 457 Reference re Firearms Act , 2000 1 S.C.R. 783 Reference re Provincial Court Judges , 1997 http scc.lexum.org en 1992 1992scr2 445 1992scr2 445.html Reference re Goods and Services Tax, 1992 nowiki nowiki 2 S.C.R. 44 Quebec ... more details
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