ShellCentre, London, UK, June 2004.jpg thumb ShellCentre as seen from the London Eye . The tower ... downstream building can be glimpsed on the far left. ShellCentre , in London, United Kingdom is one of the two central offices of oil major Royal Dutch ShellShell the other is in The Hague . ShellCentre is located on the Belvedere Road in the London Borough of Lambeth . It is a prominent feature ... to the London Eye . ShellCentre was constructed in 1961, to a design by Sir Howard Robertson ... Smart 2007 pg227. ref The current ShellCentre comprises the tower building and three adjoining nine .... Site history and layout ShellCentre occupies part of the site cleared for the 1951 Festival of Britain ... and the South Bank Centre . Jubilee Gardens remained undeveloped prior to its laying out as an open space, largely because of a restrictive Covenant law covenant in favour of Shell that restricts any building on the part of the site directly between the Shell Tower and the River Thames. The naming of the ShellCentre buildings perpetuated the split of the Festival site into distinct Upstream ... bed. This is the outflow point of ShellCentre s air conditioning system, which sucks in river water ... Image London shellcentre plaque.JPG thumb left 171px A plaque in the lobby of ShellCentre The choice ... of Shell s business which are run from ShellCentre include refining and marketing along with a number of functional support activities such as finance and human resources. ShellCentre is also the head ... a 999 year lease on the ShellCentre for 300m and would redevelop the site. The tower is to be left ... category ShellCentre, London Tall buildings in London start box s ach rec succession box before Royal ... Category Buildings and structures on the River Thames eu ShellCentre fr ShellCentre ... railway station Waterloo East . The Downstream Building was disposed of by Shell in the 1990s and is now ... Movement critics, and the Centre s buildings have generally been regarded as dull. However, the extremely ... more details
Infobox building name ShellCentre image image size caption location Calgary br Canada latd latm lats latNS N longd longm longs longEW W iso region CA scale 5000 coordinates display title status start date completion date 1977 opening building type Office antenna spire roof convert 140 m ft abbr on top floor floor count 33 elevator count 15 cost floor area architect structural engineer main contractor developer owner management ShellCentre is a skyscraper in Calgary , Alberta . See also List of tallest buildings in Calgary External links http skyscraperpage.com cities ?buildingID 5323 SkyscraperPage Calgary landmarks coord missing Alberta Category Buildings and structures in Calgary Category Skyscrapers in Calgary Category Skyscrapers between 100 and 149 meters Category Buildings and structures completed in 1977 Category Modernist architecture in Canada ... more details
wiktionarypar shellShell may refer to TOCright Nature Seashell , a hard outer layer of a marine animal, found on beaches Exoskeleton , an external covering of some animals Mollusc shell Gastropod shell Turtle shell Eggshell Business Royal Dutch Shell , a multinational oil and gas company Shell Oil Company , the U.S. based subsidiary Shell Canada Shell Nigeria Shell corporation , a company which serves as a vehicle for business transactions Entertainment Shell theater , a curved surface for reflecting sound The Shells , a musical group Shells Angel Shells Angel , a TV episode Places Shell, Ecuador Shell, California , United States Shell, Wyoming , United States People Art Shell born 1946 , American football player and coach Donald Shell born 1924 , American computer scientist Karl Shell born 1938 , American economist Weaponry Shell projectile , an explosive device fired from artillery Shotgun shell , a type of shotgun ammunition Other uses Shell computing , a type of user interface Shell machinery , each half of a two piece plain bearing Electron shell Racing shell , a watercraft Shell account , a user account on a remote server Shell element, a component of the thin shell structure construction method A ring like List of algebraic structures algebraic structure See also Shell sort , a sorting algorithm On shell and off shell , a concept in quantum field theory lookfrom intitle disambig cs Shell de Shell el es Shell eo elo eu Shell fa fr Shell hr Ljuska io Shelo it Shell he hu Shell egy rtelm s t lap nl Shell ja ka pl Muszla ujednoznacznienie pt Shell desambigua o ro Shell ru simple Shell sr sv Skal zh ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox musical artist name The Shell image The Shell.jpg caption The Shell in 2008, from left to right Michael Fromenwiler, Sacha Leuenberger, Christoph Schorro, Patrice Lambeau image size 250 landscape yes background group or band origin St. Gallen , Switzerland . genre Alternative rock , Indie rock . years active 1996 present website http www.theshell.de current members Michael Fromenwiler br Sacha Leunberger br Christoph Schorro br Patrice Lambeau past members Roger Cadalbert br Raphael Cernelc br Christian Riesen The Shell is an alternative rock band from St. Gallen , Switzerland . They currently comprise of Patrice Lambeau vocals, rhythm guitar , Michael Frommenwiler bass , Sacha Leuenberger lead guitar and Christoph Schorro drums . The band was formed by childhood friends Lambeau and Fromenwiler in 1996 and have since gone on to enjoy success in their native Switzerland and throughout Europe. ref http www.myspace.com theshellworld MySpace.com The Shell berlin, santiago di gallo Indie Alternative Rock www.myspace.com theshellworld Bot generated title ref History Early years 1996 2004 Lambeau and Fromenwiler formed The Shell in spring 1996. After an unsuccessful search for band members in St. Gallen they moved to San Francisco in 1998 where they played a series of live shows with a local drummer. Upon returning to Switzerland they joined with drummer Roger Cadalbert and guitarist Raphael Cernelc before moving to London in 2000 where for six months they played a series of shows and worked on new material. br In February 2001 the band recorded their first demo CD in Stuttgart , Germany which was supported by shows at Rock am See, the Montreux Jazz ... 2004 2006 After winning a national contest for new bands in Zurich The Shell signed to Universal ... enjoyed rotation on Swiss music TV. By the end of 2004 The Shell had received a best newcomer award ... Label Management DEFAULTSORT Shell Category Swiss alternative rock groups Category Swiss ... more details
Shell Lake can refer to Shell Lake, Saskatchewan Shell Lake, Wisconsin Shell Lake Township, Minnesota Shell Lake murders Shell Lake Municipal Airport Shell Lake No. 495, Saskatchewan Inuvik Shell Lake Water Aerodrome Shell Lake National Wildlife Refuge disambig de Shell Lake ... more details
Shell Point can refer to Shell Point, Sinaloa Shell Point, Florida Shell Point, South Carolina geodis Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages vo Shell Point ... more details
Shell River may refer to Rivers Shell River Manitoba Shell River Minnesota Shell River Saskatchewan Musselshell River , Montana, also known as Shell River Places Shell River, Manitoba Shell River Township, Minnesota geodis de Shell River ... more details
Shell Island may refer to Shell Island Wales Shell Islets Tasmania geodis Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages de Shell Island ... more details
Shell Building may refer to Shell Building San Francisco , California Shell Building St Louis , Missouri One Shell Square , New Orleans, Louisiana disambig ... more details
File Arianta arbustorum Braunau 1968.jpg thumb Four views of a shell of Arianta arbustorum Apertural ... . File Czescimuszli shells.jpg thumb The shell of a large land snail probably Helix pomatia with parts ... suture br 6 Whorl mollusc whorl br 7 Apex mollusc apex The gastropod shell is a mollusc shellshell ... shell is an external skeleton or exoskeleton , which serves not only for muscle attachment, but also ... and in intertidal marine snails, the shell is also an essential protection against the sun, and against ... and left handed individuals. The gastropod shell has several layers, and is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated out into an organic matrix known as conchiolin . The shell is secreted by a part of the molluscan body known as the Mantle mollusc mantle . Some gastropods are shell less slug s , but the majority of gastropods do have a shell. In almost every case the shell consists of one ... of limpet s, have simple cone shaped shells as adults. The study of mollusc shell s, including ... shell of Neptunea angulata , on the right is the normally dextral right handed shell of Neptunea ... sought after by some Conchology shell collector s. If a coiled gastropod shell is held with the spire pointing upwards and the aperture more or less facing the observer, a dextral shell will have the aperture on the right hand side, and a sinistral shell will have the aperture on the left hand side .... ref name Laidlaw 1961 Formation of the shell Main mantle mollusc mollusc shell nacre Morphology File Zonitoides nitidus drawing en.svg left thumb 650px Morphology of typical spirally coiled shell. The shell ... whorls and apex br Central image Lateral view showing the profile of the shell br Lower image Basal view showing umbilicus in the centre. File Zonitoides nitidus shell.jpg thumb Photo of the shell of Zonitoides nitidus with an apical view, an apertural view and a basal view Gastropod shell morphology ... shell , elongate as in the cone shell or have an irregular shape with a siphonal canal extension, as in the Murex ... more details
Marc Shell , born 1947 in Montreal, is a Canada Canadian literary critic , currently Irving Babbitt Professor of Comparative Literature and Professor of English at Harvard University . New Economic Criticism Shell is one of the forerunners, along with Jean Joseph Goux and others, of the literary critical movement that has been dubbed New Economic Criticism . His contributions to the study of relations between linguistics linguistic and literature literary economies are encompassed in several influential books, including The Economy of Literature Johns Hopkins University Press 1978 . Money, Language, and Thought Literary and Philosophical Economies from the Medieval to the Modern Era UC Berkeley 1982 . Art and Money University of Chicago Press 1995 . Forthcoming works in this area include the following Wampum and the Origin of American Money University of Illinois Press forthcoming . The Painting in the Trash Bin Otis Kaye and the Perplexities of Art Chicago, forthcoming . Other Areas of Research Nationalism and kinship Shell has also worked on issues of in a number of essays and books. Many are concerned with the European Renaissance. These include The End of Kinship Measure for Measure , Incest , and the Ideal of Universal Siblinghood Stanford 1988 . Children of the Earth Literature ... Shell is co founder of Harvard s Longfellow Institute , devoted to the study of non English American ... States from Abnaki to Zuni Harvard ed. 2002 . Disability studies Shell s books in disability studies ... 2006 . Canada and the United States Shell s writings about Canada and the United States include French Canadian American Literary Relations McGill French Canada Studies Centre 1968 . Grand Manan or, A Short History of North America McGill Queens 2008 forthcoming . Awards and degrees Shell has received ... mshell Marc Shell Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Shell, Marc ... Shell, Marc Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Category Canadian ... more details
refimprove date October 2007 File Oceanografic Valencia.JPG thumb Oceanografic Valencia A concrete shell , also commonly called thin shell concrete structure , is a structure composed of a relatively thin shell of concrete , usually with no interior column s or exterior buttress es. The shells are most commonly flat plates and dome s, but may also take the form of ellipsoid s or cylinder geometry cylindrical sections, or some combination thereof. The first concrete shell dates back to the 2nd century. Uses Most concrete shell structures are buildings, including storage facilities, commercial buildings, and residential homes. Concrete shell construction techniques are well suited for complex curves and are also used to build hull watercraft boat hulls called ferroconcrete . Historically, it was used ... lead to buildup of condensation on the inside of the shell. Shingling or sealants are common solutions ... concrete shells The oldest known concrete shell, the Pantheon, Rome Pantheon in Rome , was completed ... at its centre. A monolithic structure, it appears to have been sculpted in place by applying ... feat of engineering. Modern concrete shell construction Modern thin concrete shells, which began to appear ... or additional reinforcing structures, relying wholly on the shell structure itself. Shells may be cast in place, or pre cast off site and moved into place and assembled. The strongest form of shell is the monolithic shell, which is cast as a single unit. The most common monolithic form is the dome, but ellipsoids .... See also Thin shell structure Pier Luigi Nervi Eduardo Torroja F lix Candela Seaplane Hangars ref http ... s Concrete Shell page http www.arche.psu.edu thinshells Historic Preservation of Thin Shell Concrete ... www.dometech.com Dome Technology http www.cshellarchitecture.com C Shells Concrete Thin Shell Architecture ... and disaster recovery. commons category Concrete shell structures DEFAULTSORT Concrete Shell Category Concrete shell structures Category Concrete Category Construction Category Domes Concrete ... more details
The term shell theory may refer to In astronomy the shell theorem In continuum mechanics the plate theory theory of plates and shells disambig ... more details
Use dmy dates date April 2011 Infobox UK place official name Shell Haven static image File Shell haven 191007.jpg 240px Aerial view of Shell Haven 19 October 2007 static image caption unitary england Thurrock ... postcode area SS postcode district SS17 dial code 01375 os grid reference TQ728815 Shell Haven was a port ... Coryton Refinery remains in operation. History Shell Haven was mentioned in Samuel Pepys ... of Shell Haven Creek, which runs east and south of the village of Fobbing , and originally separated Corringham Marsh from Fobbing Marsh. To the east was Shell Haven House. Sources differ on when Shell ... 19th century shows Oil Mill Farm a mile or so up Shell Haven Creek. Shell Haven was for over 80 years the site of a large Royal Dutch ShellShell oil refinery, but there seems to be no evidence ... Tilbury and Southend Railway LT&SR to a new port immediately to the west of Shell Haven, to be known as Thames Haven sometimes written Thameshaven . The name of Shell Haven would probably have ... ShellShell oil company. In 1895 the ammunition firm Kynoch s purchased Borley Farm, to the east of Shell Haven Creek, in order to build an explosives factory. This opened in 1897, with a small estate ... in production, between Shell Haven Creek and Hole Haven to the east. Shell Oil first arrived in the form ... company Shell Transport and Trading Company, prior to their merger as Royal Dutch Shell. A licence was obtained in 1912 to store petroleum at Shell Haven, in iron tanks, each containing not more ... tanks at Thames Haven, Shell Haven and Coryton became a sitting target for air raids, notably in September ... acre site west of the original refinery. In 1948 financial sanction was approved by the Board of Shell ... Shell haven 1.jpg thumb Shell Haven Refinery shortly before decommissioning in 1999. In 1992, a major ... unit, benzene recovery and gas turbine power generation. A new Control Centre was added. By then the plant ... by road and ship and UK oil pipeline network . The Shell refinery closed in 1999. A team consisting ... more details
Shell Beach may refer to A shell beach is a term for a beach that routinely has numerous seashells washed up Several real places that feature a shell beach Shell Beach, California Shell Beach, Guyana St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana Shell Beach, Louisiana Shell Beach, Western Australia A fictional place depicted in the movie Dark City 1998 film Dark City Disambig ... more details
Shell Rock may refer to Shell Rock Township, Butler County, Iowa , a township in Iowa Shell Rock, Iowa , a city in this township Shell Rock Township, Freeborn County, Minnesota , a township in Shell Rock Township, Greenwood County, Kansas , a township in Shell Rock River , the namesake of the locations in Iowa and Minnesota Shell Rock San Marcos, Texas geodis Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
base with a tube running through the centre of the shell to convey the ignition flash from the Artillery ... the centre to convey the ignition flash to a gunpowder bursting charge in the shell base. The use ... but is present in the complete round below. The tube through the centre of the shell is visible, which ...About the Shrapnel artillery shell other uses of Shrapnel Wiktionary shrapnel and Shrapnel disambiguation File Shrapnel shell.gif right center Animation of a bursting shrapnel shell center File Shrapnel ... them to allow them to continue along the shell s trajectory and strike the target individually. They relied almost entirely on the shell s velocity for their lethality. The munition has ... different from high explosive shell fragmentation. Shrapnel is named after Major General Henry Shrapnel ... shell . Development of shrapnel shell File 12 pdrShrapnel.jpg thumb left This engraving shows a 12 pounder U.S. Shrapnel Shell ca. 1865. It is fitted with a Borman fuze. In the cutaway view, the dark grey is the wall of the shell, the medium grey is sulphur resin, the light grey are the musket ... shell . At ranges of up to 300 m canister shot was still highly lethal, though at this range the shots ... or the common shell a hollow cast iron sphere filled with gunpowder black powder was used, although with more of a concussive than a fragmentation effect, as the pieces of the shell were very large ... it contained at some distance along the canister s trajectory from the gun. His shell was a hollow ... correctly then the shell would break open, either in front or above the intended target, releasing its contents of musket balls . The shrapnel balls would carry on with the remaining velocity of the shell ..., since the shrapnel shell as a whole would likely have a higher ballistic coefficient than the individual musket balls see external ballistics . The explosive charge in the shell was to be just ... also gave a visual reference upon the shell bursting, as the resin shattered into a cloud ... more details
Shell s influence in Ogoniland , has been painted on a gable in Rossport and a memorial to the Ogoni Nine erected. In 2006, Shell were accused of trying to influence local business, when the owner of a local adventure centre alleged that Shell offered him 15,000 in return for his support for the construction ... through crowd.jpg thumb Members of An Garda S och na and Shell To Sea campaigners scuffle over ownership of a road June 2007 Shell to Sea in Irish language Irish , Shell chun S ile is a campaign based ... Shell , Statoil and Vermilion Energy Trust of a refinery at Bellanaboy intended to refine the natural ... pdf Accufacts Report Hi res.pdf ref Background Deleted image removed File Shell to Sea banner in Belmullet.jpg thumb Shell to Sea banner, Belmullet , January 2009 Main Corrib gas controversy ... accessdate 2009 07 19 ref Deleted image removed File Fence destruction in Glengad.jpg thumb Shell to Sea protesters destroy a section of fence around the Shell compound, Glengad beach, September 2008 ... protests. ref http www.anphoblacht.com news detail 9761 An Phoblacht Shell s assault on Erris ... Orders if unwilling to reach a deal with Shell. ref name publicinquiry1 Some ref name publicinquiry1 agreed to allow Shell on their lands. Others refused, and Frank Fahey , then Minister for Communications ... in blocking Shell workers coming on their lands, being jailed for civil contempt of court at the request of Shell after refusing to not interfere with Shell s workers. They became known as the Rossport Five . Main Rossport Five 24 hour pickets on the Shell sites at Rossport, Bellanaboy and Glengad began ... towns and cities, and Shell and Statoil filling stations were picketed. ref name publicinquiry1 ... on to form S2S. Motivation File S6300069.JPG thumb Shell to Sea mural on a gable by the Glenamoy River ... Shell in Battle of the Bog & 124 World news & 124 The Guardian publisher The Guardian author Angelique ... 8030 title Is Shell s Corrib Gas project good for the local community? publisher Irish Times Head2Head ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In physics , particularly in quantum field theory , configurations of a physical system that satisfy classical equations of motion are called on shell , and those that do not are called off shell . For instance, in classical mechanics in the action physics action formulation, extremal solutions to the variational principle are on shell and the Euler Lagrange equation s are on shell equations i.e., they do not hold off shell . Noether s theorem is also another on shell theorem. Mass shell The term comes from the phrase mass shell , which is a synonym for mass hyperboloid , meaning the hyperboloid in energy momentum space describing the solutions to the equation math E 2 vec p , 2 c 2 m 2 c 4 math describing combinations of energy E and momentum p allowed by classical special relativity for a particle of mass m where math c math is the speed of light . The equation for the mass shell is also often written in terms of the four momentum , in Einstein notation and units where c 1, as math p mu p mu m 2 math or simply as math p 2 m 2 math . Virtual particles corresponding to internal propagator s in a Feynman diagram are in general allowed to be off shell, but the amplitude for the process will diminish depending on how far off shell they are the propagator typically has mathematical singularity singularities on the mass shell. When speaking of the propagator, negative values for E that satisfy the equation are thought of as being on shell, though the classical theory does not allow negative values for the energy of a particle. This is because the propagator incorporates into one expression the cases in which the particle carries energy in one direction, and in which its antiparticle carries energy in the other direction negative and positive on shell E then simply represent opposing flows of positive energy. DEFAULTSORT On Shell And Off Shell Category Quantum field theory fa ko it Soluzione on shell ed off shell ... more details
Super shell may refer to Super Shell , a Somalian football club Supershell , a very large void in the interstellar medium A weapon used in the game 1943 The Battle of Midway A weapon used in the game U.N. Squadron Super Shell Gasoline, a brand formerly marketed by Shell Oil Company disambig ... more details
Shell LiveWIRE is a UK wide enterprise scheme to help support young entrepreneurs aged 16 30 into business. Shell Livewire is a Royal Dutch ShellShell Social Investment programme and ref http www.shell.co.uk home content gbr responsible energy shell in the society social investment ref , http www.shell livewire.org Shell LiveWIRE was launched in the Strathclyde area of Scotland in 1982, before being rolled out across the rest of the UK in 1985. http www.shell livewire.org Shell LiveWIRE offers two business awards the monthly 1,000 Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas Awards and annual 10,000 Shell LiveWIRE Entrepreneur Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award. References reflist External links Category Organisations based in the United Kingdom ... more details
In geometry , a spherical shell is a generalization of an Annulus mathematics annulus to three dimensions. A spherical shell is the region between two concentric sphere s of differing radii. See also Ball mathematics Ball Chord geometry Chord External links MathWorld id SphericalShell title Spherical shell DEFAULTSORT Spherical Shell Category Elementary geometry Category Geometric shapes ... more details
File Seashells North Wales 1985.jpg thumb Seashells of bivalve s and gastropod s from the shell beach at Shell Island Wales File Shell Beach Western Australia.jpg thumb A close up of the beach at Shell Beach Western Australia Shell Beach in Western Australia, which is composed entirely of mollusc shell shells and fragments of shells of the cockle bivalve cockle species, Fragum erugatum A shell beach is a descriptive term that is used for sea beach es that routinely or very frequently have an unusually large accumulation of seashell s washed up on them. Seashells are usually the dead empty mollusc shell shells of marine ocean marine mollusks , but may also include tests or shells of other groups of animals. Most beaches in the world are primarily composed of rock particles such as sand , grit , gravel , pebble s, etc, but in rare cases including Shell Beach Western Australia Shell Beach in Western Australia the beach is composed entirely of seashells, both broken and whole Valve mollusc valves . One area in the USA that is famous for its shell beaches is Sanibel Island on the Gulf Coast of Florida . In South Africa, the beaches of Jeffreys Bay are famous for shells, as is the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines. As a place name The phrase shell beach has also become a place name for several areas which feature beaches rich in shells Shell Beach, California , a city in San Luis Obispo County Shell Beach, Guyana St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana Shell Beach, Louisiana Shell Beach, Western Australia Shell Beach, part of the coastline in La Jolla, California http www.sandiegocoastlife.com attractions san diego coast tide pools shell beach.html Barricane Beach, aka Shell Beach, just north of Woolacombe in North Devon , England http www.devonguide.com beaches north devon.htm Related names include Shell Island Wales , an island that has a long shell beach The phrase shell beach has also been used as a place name in a fictional context The name of a place in the movie Dark City 1998 ... more details
as that of a point mass in the centre of the shell with the same mass. Inside a shell For a point inside the shell the difference is that for equal to zero takes the value radians and s the value ...Unreferenced date April 2010 In classical mechanics , the shell theorem gives gravitational simplifications ... has particular application to astronomy . Isaac Newton proved the shell theorem saying that A sphere ... of its mass were concentrated at a point mass point at its centre. If the body is a spherically symmetric shell i.e. a hollow ball , no gravitational force is exerted by the shell on any object inside, regardless of the object s location within the shell. A corollary is that inside a solid sphere of constant density the gravitational force varies linearly with distance from the centre, becoming zero by symmetry at the centre of mass. These results were important to Newton s analysis of planetary ... s law for gravity offers a much simpler way to prove the same results. In addition to gravity, the shell ... force . Outside the shell A solid, sphere spherically symmetry symmetric body can be modelled as an infinite ... mass. Consider one such shell Image shell diag 1.png center 500px Note d in the diagram refers to the small ... one must first express dM as a function of d The total surface of a spherical shell is math ... 2 sin theta ,d theta math If the mass of the shell is M one therefore has that math dM frac 2 pi R ... increases from 0 to radians. This is illustrated in the following animation Image Shell diag 1 ... figure Image shell diag 2.png center 240px Inserting these bounds in the primitive function math ... forces acting on the point mass from the mass elements of the shell, outside the measurement point, cancel out. Derivation using Gauss s Law The shell theorem is an immediate consequence of Gauss s law ... symmetric mass distribution like a mass point, a spherical shell or a homogenous sphere ... whether the Theorem Converse converse of the Shell theorem is true, namely whether the result of the theorem ... more details
of the skeleton. The turtle shell is a highly complicated shield for the ventral and dorsal parts ... found in most reptiles. The bone of the shell consists of both skeletal and dermal bone, showing that the complete enclosure of the shell probably evolved by including dermal armor into the rib cage. The shell of the turtle is an important study, not just because of the obvious protection it provides for the animal, but also as an identification tool, in particular with fossils as the shell is one of the likely parts of a turtle to survive fossilization. Hence understanding the structure of the shell in living species gives us comparable material with fossils. Shell nomenclature File Carapaceinternal.jpg ... 1, BCS Bridge Carapace Suture. The turtle shell is made up of numerous bony elements, generally ... uniquely named. The top of the shell is known as the carapace, and the ventral surface is called the plastron ... ref name zang69 Zangerl, R. 1969. The turtle shell. In Gans, C., Bellairs, D.d A. and Parsons, T.A. ... twg97 The bones of the shell are named for standard vertebrate elements. As such the carapace is made ... of this at the anterior of the shell is the single nuchal bone, a series of 11 paired periphals then extend along each side. At the posterior of the shell is the pygal bone and in front of this nested ... scutes. Around the edge of the shell are 12 pairs of marginal scutes. All these scutes are aligned .... At the anterior of the shell there may be a cervical scute sometimes incorrectly called a nuchal scute ..., 31 plates ref The carapace is the Dorsum biology dorsal back , convex part of the shell structure ... spine and ribs are fused to dermal plates beneath the skin which interlock to form a hard shell. Exterior to the skin the shell is covered by scutes , which are horny plates made of keratin that protect the shell from scrapes and bruises. A keel , a ridge that runs from front to the back of the animal ... the shell is relatively uniform in structure, species variation in general shape and color being ... more details
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