In the semantic web , SimpleHTMLOntologyExtensions are a small set of HTMLextensions designed to give web pages semantic meaning by allowing information such as class, subclass and property relationships. SHOE was developed around 1996 by Sean Luke , Lee Spector , James Hendler , Jeff Heflin , and David Rager at the University of Maryland, College Park . See also Microformat Microdata HTML References Luke, S., Spector, L, and Rager, D. http www.cs.umd.edu projects plus SHOE pubs aaai paper.html Ontology Based Knowledge Discovery on the World Wide Web . Workshop on Internet Based Information Systems at the 13th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 1996. Luke, S. and Hendler, J. Web Agents that Work . IEEE Multimedia 4 3. 1997. Luke, S., Spector, L., Rager, D., and Hendler, J. Ontology based Web Agents . Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents. 1997. Heflin, J., Hendler, J., and Luke, S. SHOE A Knowledge Representation Language for Internet Applications . Technical Report CS TR 4078 UMIACS TR 99 71 , Dept. of Computer Science, University of Maryland at College Park. 1999. Heflin, J. and Hendler, J. Searching the Web with SHOE. In Artificial Intelligence for Web Search. Papers from the AAAI Workshop . WS 00 01. AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, 2000. pp. 35 40. Heflin, J. Towards the Semantic Web Knowledge Representation in a Dynamic, Distributed Environment. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park. 2001. Heflin, J. and Hendler, J. A Portrait of the Semantic Web in Action . IEEE Intelligent Systems, 16 2 54 59, 2001. External links http www.cs.umd.edu projects plus SHOE UMD SHOE web page compu sci stub Category Semantic HTML Category Domain specific knowledge representation languages ... more details
Simple List Extensions were proposed as an extension to existing syndication technologies such as RSS and Atom standard Atom to make it easier for clients to support the ordering and filtering of lists. External links http msdn.microsoft.com en us library gg427659 Simple List Extensions Specification http web.archive.org web 20071214095821rn 2 msdn2.microsoft.com en us xml bb190612.aspx SLE Specification Category RSS Category Atom standard Internet stub ... more details
simple design of HTML. Except for the hyperlink tag, these were strongly influenced by SGMLguid, an in house ... Browser writers are experimenting with extensions to HTML and it is now appropriate to draw these ideas ... of HTML 3 s draft features as well as to introduce their own extensions to it. ref name raggett See ... , limited file extensions to 8.3 filename three letters . HTML Application Main HTML Application An HTML ...pp protected expiry 2012 05 16T00 19 26Z small yes For the use of HTML on Wikipedia Help HTML in wikitext Infobox file format name HTML br small nowrap HyperText Markup Language icon alt HTML screenshot extension .html, .htm mime text html type code TEXT uniform type public.html owner World Wide Web ... 19991224 W3C HTML 4.01 br http dev.w3.org html5 spec W3C HTML5 draft HyperText Markup Language HTML is the main markup language for web page s. HTML elements are the basic building blocks of webpages. HTML is written in the form of HTML element s consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets like code nowiki html nowiki code , within the web page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs ... HTML documents and compose them into visible or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page. HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows Img HTML element images and objects to be embedded and can be used ... of HTML webpages. Web browsers can also refer to Cascading Style Sheets CSS to define the appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C , maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicitly presentational HTML markup. ref name deprecated http www.w3.org TR html401 conform.html deprecated HTML 4 Conformance requirements and recommendations . W3.org ... Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software in the last part of 1990. In that year ... an encyclopedia first. First specifications The first publicly available description of HTML was a document ... more details
pl Ontologia pt Ontologia ro Ontologie ru sq Ontologjia scn Ontulugg a simpleOntology sk ...Refimprove date January 2012 Hatnote This article concerns ontology in philosophy. For the concept in information science, see Ontology information science . Not to be confused with the medical concepts ... to propose an ontological characterization of the fundamental nature of reality. Ontology from .... Traditionally listed as a part of the major branch of philosophy known as metaphysics , ontology .... Citation needed date January 2012 Overview Ontology, in analytic philosophy , concerns the determination ... a variety of Moderate realism other positions but any ontology must give an account of which words ... , ontology becomes fundamental to many branches of philosophy. Citation needed date January 2012 Some fundamental questions Principal questions of ontology are What can be said to exist? , Into what ... categorical schemes that ontology relates to such fields as library and information science library ... Determinism and indeterminism History of ontology Etymology While the etymology is Greek, the oldest ... date January 2012 The first occurrence in English of ontology as recorded by the OED Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, 1989 appears in Nathaniel Bailey s dictionary of 1721, which defines ontology .... Containing Philosophy in general, Metaphysicks or Ontology, Dynamilogy or a Discourse of Power ... From Aristotle to Ecological Ontology The Life and Motion of SocioEconomic Units GISDATA .... ref Even the focus of traditional ontology on the whatness or quidditas of beings in their substantial ... Michael Eldred Eldred, Michael , http www.arte fact.org sclontlg.html Social Ontology Recasting Political ... See also col begin col break width 33 Applied ontology Foundation ontology Geopolitical ontology Holism Mereology Meta ontology Metamodeling col break width 33 Modal logic Monadology Nihilism Ontological paradox Philosophy of mathematics Philosophy of science Philosophy of space and time Physical ontology ... more details
In computer science and artificial intelligence , ontology languages are formal language s used to construct ontology information science ontologies . They allow the encoding of knowledge about specific Field of study domains and often include reasoning rules that support the processing of that knowledge. Ontology languages are usually declarative language s, are almost always generalizations of frame language s, and are commonly based on either first order logic or on description logic . Classification Traditional ontology languages Common Logic and its dialects CycL DOGMA Developing Ontology Grounded Methods and Applications F Logic Frame Logic Knowledge Interchange Format KIF Knowledge Interchange Format Ontolingua based on KIF KL ONE KM programming language LOOM ontology OCML Operational Conceptual Modelling Language OKBC Open Knowledge Base Connectivity PLIB Parts LIBrary RACER system RACER By syntax Markup ontology languages These languages use a markup language markup scheme to encode knowledge, most commonly with XML . DAMLplusOIL DAML OIL Ontology Inference Layer OIL Web Ontology Language OWL Resource Description Framework RDF RDF Schema RDFS SimpleHTMLOntologyExtensions SHOE By structure Frame based FLogic F Logic , OKBC , and KM programming language KM are completely or partially frame data structure frame based languages. Description logic based Description logic provides an extension of frame language s, without going so far as to take the leap to first order logic and support for arbitrary predicates. Examples include KL ONE , RACER system RACER , and Web ontology language OWL . Gellish is an example of a combined ontology language and ontology that is description ... A Roadmap to Ontology Specification Languages 2000 http www.inf.unibz.it franconi ..., Free University of Bolzano, Italy logic compu sci stub Category Ontology information science Category Knowledge representation languages Category Ontology languages uk zh ... more details
user understanding of HTML and any other web technologies the designer wishes to use like CSS, JavaScript and server side scripting languages. They were also referred to A SimpleHTML Editor ASHE . ref ...Html series An HTML editor is a application software software application for creating web page s. Although the HTML markup of a web page can be written with any text editor , specialized HTML editors can offer convenience and added functionality. For example, many HTML editors work not only with HTML ... Versions System CVS or Subversion software Subversion . Types of editors There are various forms of HTML ... editors intended for use with HTML usually provide syntax highlighting . Templates, toolbar s and keyboard shortcut s may quickly insert common HTML element s and structures. Wizard software Wizards , tooltip prompts and Autocomplete autocompletion may help with common tasks. Text HTML editors commonly ... 2011 ref Some regular text editors such as Windows Notepad also provide the method to save as HTML files with .html or .htm extensions. Object editors Some editors allow alternate editing of the source text of Object computer science objects in more graphic organizer visually organized modes than simple ... and collapse HTML objects and properties, edit parameters, and view graphics attached to the expanded objects. WYSIWYG HTML editors Image W3c amaya 10 fullmode enwiki xfce4therapy.png thumb 250px Amaya web browser Amaya 10 HTML editor WYSIWYG HTML editors provide an editing interface which ... extensions, allow editing within a web browser. Because using a WYSIWYG editor does not require any HTML knowledge, they are easier for an average computer user to get started with. The WYSIWYG ... WYSIWYG HTML editors, some of them are CKEditor OpenBEXI TinyMCE YUI Rich Text Editor WYMeditor Valid HTML markup HTML is a structured markup language . There are certain rules on how HTML must be written ... bandwidths and screen sizes. Unfortunately most HTML documents on the web do not meet ... more details
About the application of philosophical ontology the term in computer science ontology computer science Applied ontology involves the practical application of ontological resources to specific domains, such as biomedicine or geography . Much work in applied ontology is carried out within the framework of the semantic web . See foundation ontology and ontology computer science . Applying ontology to Interpersonal relationship relationship s The challenge of applying ontology is ontology s emphasis ... perspective is one of the driving forces behind relationship oriented applied ontology. ref ... ontology can also involve looking at the relationship between a person s world and that person ... ontology Applied philosophy Martin Heidegger John Searle Fernando Flores Bertrand Russell Citation ... ontologist with a focus on biomedicine Nicola Guarino , researcher in the formal ontology of information systems References Reflist External references http www.applied ontology.org Applied Ontology journal , abstracted in the ACM Guide to Computing Literature http www.formalontology.org Formal Ontology in Information Systems interdisciplinary conference on Applied Ontology http www.iaoa.org International Association for Ontology and its Applications , focusing on the applications of ontological ... http www.loa cnr.it Laboratory for Applied Ontology LOA ISTC CNR , researching the use of ontologies ... Web http ncor.us National Center for Ontological Research , covering applications in fields such as ontology of the sciences, spatial and cognitive ontology, terminological systems, enterprise ontology and in a variety of defense and homeland security related projects http www.ecor.uni saarland.de European Center for Ontological Research , applying ontology to a variety of problems in information science and related areas http www.ncgia.buffalo.edu i21 i21report.html Ontology applied to geography http bioontology.org Ontology applied to biomedicine Process Specification Language , ontology ... more details
External links date August 2010 Ontology editors are applications designed to assist in the creation or manipulation of ontology computer science ontologies . They often express ontologies in one of many ontology language computer science ontology languages . Some provide export to other ontology languages ... an ontology editor are the degree to which the editor abstracts from the actual Ontology language computer science ontology representation language used for persistence and the visual navigation possibilities ... facilities, and the support of Upper ontology computer science upper ontologies such as OWL S , Dublin ... languages for ontology matching . br Ontologies are developed for a specific purpose and application ... can be used i.e. that the tool has an API or appropriate export capability to plug the ontology into the desired application s . Example editors http www.a k a.com.au ?page id 43 a.k.a. software Ontology ... products anzo for excel Anzo for Excel Includes an RDFS and OWL ontology editor within ... Other web service by Stanford http coe.ihmc.us CmapTools Ontology Editor COE Java based ontology ... OMG s Ontology Definition MetaModel which includes Web Ontology Language OWL and Resource Description ... editor with Controlled Natural Language Controlled English . Supports Web Ontology Language OWL ... demos java joe joeBeta jar.html Java Ontology Editor JOE 1998 KAON single user and server based ... KMgen Ontology editor for the KM language. http www.cs.utexas.edu users mfkb RKF km.html KM The Knowledge Machine http www.knoodl.com Knoodl Free web application service that is an ontology editor, wiki , and Digital repository ontology registry . Supports creation of communities where members can collaboratively import, create, discuss, document and publish ontologies. Supports Web Ontology Language ... OBO Edit Java based, downloadable, open source, developed by the Gene Ontology Consortium for editing ... Ontology browser and editor from the University of Maryland http www.smartlogic.com Semaphore Ontology ... more details
A geopolitical ontology is a mechanism to describe, manage and exchange data related to geopolitical entities such as countries, territories, regions and other similar areas. Definitions and examples An Ontology information science Ontology is a kind of dictionary that describes information in a certain domain using concepts and relationships. It is often implemented using Web Ontology Language OWL Web Ontology Language , an XML based standard language that can be interpreted by computers. A Concept is defined as abstract knowledge. For example, in the geopolitical ontology a United Nations list ... group are concepts. Concepts are explicitly implemented in the ontology with individuals and classes ... center Figure 1. An example of concepts and relationship in the geopolitical ontology. The advantage of describing information in an ontology is that it enables to acquire domain knowledge by defining ..., and assigning restrictions. FAO ontology The geopolitical ontology, developed by the FAO ... ID codes for territories and groups. Moreover, the FAO geopolitical ontology tracks historical changes ... country area, land area, agricultural area, GDP or population . The FAO geopolitical ontology ... purl.org dc elements 1.1 description . In summary, the main objectives of the FAO geopolitical ontology ... ontology to improve interoperability of corporate information systems It is possible to download the FAO geopolitical ontology in http aims.fao.org geopolitical.owl OWL and http www.fao.org .... Features of the FAO ontology The geopolitical ontology contains Area types ref When an area territory or group changed but kept the same name, the ontology differentiates the two areas by sub fixing ... ontology traces back historic changes only until 1985. Therefore if an area has a validSince 1985 ... ontology is implemented in Web Ontology Language OWL . It consists of classes, properties, individuals ... that belong to each class. Note that the current version of the geopolitical ontology does not provide ... more details
Image MBED Top Level Ontology.jpg thumb 360px Example of a constructed MBED Top Level Ontology based ... Space Systems Architectures . NASA, JPL. ref Ontology engineering in computer science and information science is a new field, which studies the methods and methodologies for building Ontology information ... bfo BeyondConcepts.pdf ref Overview Quote Ontology engineering aims at making explicit ... for a particular domain. Ontology engineering offers a direction towards solving the inter operability ... terms and software classes. Ontology engineering is a set of tasks related to the development of ontologies for a particular domain. Line Pouchard , Nenad Ivezic and Craig Schlenoff Ontology ... and Craig Schlenoff 2000 http www.mel.nist.gov msidlibrary doc AISfinal2.pdf Ontology Engineering .... ref Ontology information science Ontologies provide a common vocabulary of an area and define, with different ... engineering is a new field of study concerning the ontology development process, the ontology ... j.is.2008.07.002 title A software engineering approach to ontology building year 2009 last1 Denicola ... issue 2 pages 258 ref and the tool suites and languages that support them. Ontology languages See ontology language An ontology language is a formal language used to encode the ontology. There are a number ... 24707, a specification for a family of ontology languages that can be accurately translated into each other. The Cyc project has its own ontology language called CycL , based on first order predicate calculus with some higher order extensions. The Gellish language includes rules for its own extension and thus integrates an ontology with an ontology language. IDEF5 is a software engineering method .... Web Ontology Language OWL is a language for making ontological statements, developed as a follow on from Resource Description Framework RDF and RDFS , as well as earlier ontology language projects including Ontology Inference Layer OIL , DARPA Agent Markup Language DAML and DAMLplusOIL DAML ... more details
HTML TIME Timed Interactive Multimedia Extensions was the name of a W3C submission from Microsoft , Compaq Compaq DEC and Macromedia that proposed an integration of Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language SMIL semantics with HTML and Cascading Style Sheets CSS . The specifics of the integration were modified considerably by W3C working groups, and eventually emerged as the W3C Note XHTMLplusSMIL XHTML SMIL . The submission also proposed new animation and timing features that were adopted with revisions in SMIL 2.0. Microsoft modified their implementation in Internet Explorer 5 IE 5.5 to mostly match the W3C Note, but continues to use the HTML TIME moniker to refer to the associated feature set. See also Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language SMIL XHTMLplusSMIL XHTML SMIL External links http www.w3.org TR NOTE HTMLplusTIME Original HTML TIME submission http www.w3.org TR XHTMLplusSMIL XHTML SMIL W3C Note http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library ms533099.aspx Introduction to HTML TIME http msdn2.microsoft.com en us library ms533113.aspx HTML TIME Overviews and Tutorials http www.laemma.com Audio visual samples HTML TIME presentation viewable with MS Internet Explorer 5.5 and better http www.ludicrum.org demos HTML TIME demos and some how to s Category Markup languages Internet Explorer web stub ... more details
IM clients de SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions es SIMPLE fr SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions nl SIMPLE ru SIMPLE zh SIMPLE ...about the instant messaging protocol the computational fluid dynamics algorithm SIMPLE algorithm the retirement plan SIMPLE IRA IPstack SIMPLE , the S ession Initiation Protocol for I nstant M essaging and P resence L everaging E xtensions , is an instant messaging IM and presence protocol suite based on Session Initiation Protocol SIP managed by the IETF. ref http www.ietf.org html.charters simple charter.html SIMPLE Working Group ref Like Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol XMPP , and in contrast to the vast majority of IM and presence protocols used by software deployed today, SIMPLE is an open standard. Purpose SIMPLE applies SIP to the problems of registering for presence information and receiving notifications when such events occur, for example when a user logs in or comes back from lunch sending short messages, analogous to SMS or two way paging managing a session of real time messages between two or more participants. Implementations of the SIMPLE based protocols can be found in Comparison of VoIP software SIP Softphones and also in SIP Hardphones. Technical description Presence The SIMPLE presence specifications can be broken up into The core protocol machinery . This provides the actual SIP extensions for subscriptions, notifications and publications. RFC 3265 defines the SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY methods. SUBSCRIBE allows to subscribe to an event on a server, the server responds with NOTIFY whenever the event come up. RFC 3856 defines how to make use of SUBSCRIBE NOTIFY for presence. Two models are defined an end to end model in which each User Agent handles presence subscriptions itself and a centralized model. The latter introduces the concept of a presence server all subscriptions are handled by this server. The message PUBLISH RFC 3903 allows User Agents ... more details
unreferenced date September 2011 Infobox software name HTML Tidy title HTML Tidy logo File screenshot File caption collapsible author Dave Raggett developer released Start date YYYY MM DD df yes no discontinued latest release version latest release date Start date and age YYYY MM DD df yes no latest preview version latest preview date Start date and age YYYY MM DD df yes no frequently updated DO NOT include this parameter unless you know what it does programming language operating system platform size language status genre Library computing Library license W3C Software Notice and License website URL http tidy.sourceforge.net HTML Tidy is a computer software computer program and a Library computing library whose purpose is to fix invalid HTML and to improve the layout and indent style of the resulting ..., BSD license BSD style license . Examples of bad HTML it is able to fix Missing or mismatched end tags, mixed up tags Adding missing items some tags, quotes, ... Reporting proprietary HTMLextensions Change layout of markup to predefined style Transform characters from some encodings into HTML entities See also Portal Free software CSSTidy CSE HTML Validator for Windows includes a Graphical user interface GUI for HTML Tidy External links http tidy.sourceforge.net HTML Tidy Project Page http www.w3.org People Raggett tidy Clean up your Web pages with HTML TIDY http infohound.net tidy HTML Tidy Online http cgi.w3.org cgi bin tidy HTML Tidy service an online version of the HTML checker w3.org http users.skynet.be mgueury mozilla Mozilla Firefox extension for HTML validation based on Tidy ... like PHP script http lukaszwrobel.pl blog tidying up html code with tidy php extension Tidy PHP extension overview http tidybatchfiles.info HTML Tidy for Windows, Batch Files for the Command Prompt HTML editors Category Free software programmed in C Web software stub de HTML Tidy fa fr HTML Tidy it HTML Tidy ja HTML Tidy zh HTML Tidy ... more details
In computer science , a process ontology is a description of the components and their relationships that make up a process. A formal process ontology is an Ontology information science ontology in the knowledge domain of processes. Often such ontologies take advantage of the benefits of an Upper ontology information science upper ontology . Automated planning and scheduling Planning software can be used .... Numerous efforts have been made to define a process planning ontology. ref cite web author Gangemi ... D07 url http www.loa cnr.it Papers D07 v21a.pdf publisher Laboratory for Applied Ontology LOA year 2005 pages 9 26 ref In philosophy , a process ontology refers to a universal model of the structure ... Ein systematischer Entwurf der Entstehung von Existenz .html title Prozessontologie. Ein ... ref Such ontologies are Fundamental ontology Fundamental Ontologies , in contrast to the so called Applied ontology Applied Ontologies . Fundamental ontologies do not claim to be accessible to any empirical ... be explained and put together consistently. Throughout Western history, the dominating fundamental ontology ... Language The Process Specification Language PSL is a process ontology developed for the formal description and modeling of basic manufacturing, engineering and business processes. This ontology ... D07 url http www.loa cnr.it Papers D07 v21a.pdf publisher Laboratory for Applied Ontology ... In a process planning ontology developed for the ontology Cyc, classes and relations above the ground ... A Process Ontology title Design of a Process Ontology Vocabulary, Semantics, and Usage url http www.cyc.com ... level are relatively independent. The type levels for the Cyc process ontology above this ground level ... SUPER Business Process Ontology Framework deliverable 1.1 url http www.ip super.org res Deliverables .... Part of this project is to define an Upper Process Ontology UPO that ties together all ... Project IST 026850 SUPER Process Ontology Stack, Evolved Version deliverable 1.5 url http www.ip super.org ... more details
The Disease Ontology is a formal ontology information science ontology of human disease . It was originally developed at Northwestern University and is associated with the Open Biomedical Ontologies Foundry . External links http do wiki.nubic.northwestern.edu index.php Main Page DO Wiki Category Ontology information science ... more details
be controlled on a CE device. A CE HTML client typically consists of a web browser adapted for the CE HTML standard running on a consumer electronics device. CE HTML offers specific extensions ...Use dmy dates date October 2011 CE HTML ref cite web url http www.domoticspoint.com archive 2006 02 26 ce html for remote user interfaces for consumer devices title CE HTML for remote user interfaces for consumer ... HTML pages are typically placed online and are based on a 10 foot user interface for easy control from a distance. It is profiled on XHTML and associated standards with special CE HTMLextensions. Image Example cehtml site.png thumb 300px right Example CE HTML page, with description CE HTML ... CE HTML consists of the following internet languages ECMAScript 262, 3rd edition ref cite web url ... 2.0 Events publisher W3.org date 13 November 2000 accessdate 19 October 2011 ref , HTML ref cite web url http www.w3.org TR 2003 REC DOM Level 2 HTML 20030109 title DOM level 2.0 HTML publisher W3.org date 9 January 2003 accessdate 19 October 2011 ref a number of specific extensions for CE devices. CE HTML can both be used in home through UPnP as via the Internet. It allows the content creator to use ... that the server offers. For this purpose, each CE HTML compliant client is making use of a capability ... what part of CE HTML is supported by the client. The server in turn transmits its capabilities in a so called XML UI Listing so the client can choose between the various CE HTML user interfaces the server ... capability profiles on which a CE HTML client can base its capabilities. They define e.g. the fonts ... of the currently displayed user interface. A specific new MIME MIME type for CE HTML content application ce html xml . Typical CE HTML code looks like this ref http www.ce.org Standards CEA 2014 A Errata ... 1.0 encoding UTF 8 ? DOCTYPE html PUBLIC W3C DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional EN ce html 1.0 transitional.dtd html xmlns http www.w3.org 1999 xhtml head title CE HTML title head body onload document.getElementById ... more details
Semantic HTML is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics , or meaning, of the information in webpages rather than merely to define its presentation look . Semantic HTML is processed by regular ... its presentation to human users. As an example, recent HTML standards discourage use of the tag code ... graphics.html h 15.2 title Alignment, font styles, and horizontal rules in HTML documents date 2000 ... other than emphasis, such as citing a source for this, HTML 4 provides the tag code < cite> code . ref cite web url http www.w3.org TR html401 struct text.html edef CITE title HTML 4.01 Specification ... appropriate names for the code class code attribute values of HTML elements e.g. code class .... History HTML has included semantic markup since its inception. ref cite book last1 Berners Lee ... location San Francisco year 2000 ref In an HTML document, the author may, among other things, start ... title Getting started with HTML last Raggett first Dave authorlink Dave Raggett date 24 April 2005 publisher World Wide Web Consortium accessdate 8 December 2010 ref At one time, HTML also included presentational ... of presentational HTML markup with a view to the separation of presentation and content . ref cite ... notes that presentational HTML markup may be useful when targeting browsers before Netscape Communicator ... for search engine spiders to be able to rate the significance of pieces of text they find in HTML ... agents as they are developed, the semantic structures that exist in HTML need to be widely and uniformly ... web may depend on complex Resource Description Framework RDF Ontology information science ontologies and metadata , every HTML document makes its contribution to the meaningfulness of the Web by the correct .... ref name Semantic Web Revisted HTML 5 will introduce several new semantic tags that will become ... deprecated in current HTML 4.01 and XHTML recommendations, but were recommended against. In HTML 5 ... expressed in HTML alone, fragments of the document may be enclosed within code span code or code div ... more details
The term soft ontology , coined by Eli Hirsch in 1993, refers to the embracing or reconciling of apparent ontological differences, by means of relevant distinctions and contextual analyses. Hirsch used the term to broaden and expand on what William James discussed in his landmark 1907 work in epistemology , Pragmatism . James gave a now famous example of dispute over a squirrel blockquote The corpus of the dispute was a squirrel a live squirrel supposed to be clinging to one side of a tree trunk while over against the tree s opposite side a human being was imagined to stand. This human witness tries to get sight of the squirrel by moving rapidly round the tree, but no matter how fast he goes, the squirrel moves as fast in the opposite direction, and always keeps the tree between himself and the man, so that never a glimpse of him is caught. The resultant metaphysical problem now is this DOES THE MAN GO ROUND THE SQUIRREL OR NOT? blockquote James solution was that by clarifying pragmatically whether around meant traversing north east south west of something versus traversing left right ..., or overlap, and would instead require a systematic or paradigmatic shift of one s ontology. One can choose to construct a hard or soft ontology, depending on the flexibility one intends to obtain ... Van Orman Quine Quine and cognitive relativism as in Jack Meiland . Soft Ontology computer science Difference and similarity with respect to philosophical ontologyontology , as proposed ... dynamically, any subsets of the ontology to be taken into account at a time, or the order their mutual ... perspective, the soft ontology approach transfers the task of interpretation to the observer, user or learner, depending on the context. see Weak ontology Application areas in the information sciences ... of perspectives to the domain. Soft ontologies also result inherently from user defined ontology ... Ontology information science ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2008 The MOD Ontology is the name given to the upper ontology intended to support the UK Ministry of Defence s Enterprise Architecture Programme, specifically MODAF . The ontology project is at an early stage and is being led by DG Info ICAD . The current plan as of March 2008 is to investigate potential applications for ontology in the MOD. Wherever possible, MOD is seeking to re use existing ontology standards, an obvious candidate therefore is the ontology being developed by the IDEAS Group . Implementations GeoPolitical Ontology Demonstrator this uses the IDEAS naming pattern for de confliction of country codes, etc. , the whole part pattern for geopolitical structure and the overlaps pattern for borders . It can be downloaded from http www.modaf.com News 69 mod ontology demonstrator released Category Ontology ... more details
ontology, the hierarchy that emerges is no longer able to be held in a simple tree like structure since ...Refimprove date June 2009 Contemporary Ontology information science ontologies share many structural ... form that together comprise the overall theory that the ontology describes in its domain of application ... events in the ontology community the changing of attributes or relations Ontologies are commonly encoded using ontology language s. Individuals Individuals instances are the basic, ground level components of an ontology. The individuals in an ontology may include concrete objects such as people, animals ... . Strictly speaking, an ontology need not include any individuals, but one of the general purposes of an ontology is to provide a means of classifying individuals, even if those individuals are not explicitly part of the ontology. In formal extensional ontologies, only the utterances of words and numbers are considered individuals the numbers and names themselves are classes. In a 4D ontology ... along these lines are made in order to avoid certain well known paradox es. The classes of an ontology ... grained distinctions that ontologies often need to make. For example, an ontology may want to distinguish ... right A partial ontology The class Car has as subsumed classes 2 Wheel Drive Car and 4 Wheel Drive ... from the superclasses. For example, to the right is the partial diagram of an ontology that has ... is called an exhaustive partition. Attributes Objects in an ontology can be described by relating ... objects in an ontology specify how objects are related to other objects. Typically a relation is of a particular ... in the ontology. For example in the ontology that contains the concept Ford Explorer and the concept ... in which the ontology is expressed. Image OntologyBronco Plain SVG.svg right Ford Explorer ... objects. For example, if we extended our example ontology to include concepts like Steering Wheel ... in an ontology, then the ontology defines its own ontology definition language. An example ... more details
For the version of Wikipedia that uses simple English Wikipedia Simple English Wikipedia wiktionary simpleSimple may refer to Technology SIMPLE , an instant messaging protocol SiMPLE , a programming development system SIMPLE algorithm , a widely used numerical procedure SIMPLE dark matter Superheated Instrument for Massive ParticLe Experiments , an experimental search for evidence of dark matter Simple, a steam engine that expands steam only once, as opposed to Compound engine a compound engine that expands it more than once Other uses Simple abstract algebra , an algebraic structure which sometimes cannot be divided Simple company , an online banking company Simple Shoes, a shoe brand which is part of Deckers Outdoor Corporation Simple philosophy , a thing that has no proper parts Simple, a medicinal Herbalism herb or a medicine made from one Simple album Simple album , an album by Andy Yorke Simple a 2005 song by Katy Perry, released on the soundtrack to The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants film The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants Simpl , a commune in France Fort Simple , an American Civil War fort in Topeka Kansas Simple Kapadia 1958 2009 , Indian Bollywood actress and costume designer Simple Kaur , Indian weightlifter SIMPLE Group , a conglomeration of separately run companies specializing in tax planning See also List of people known as the Simple Special Prefixindex Simple Pages beginning with Simple Special Prefixindex Simply Pages beginning with Simply Peter Simple disambiguation Simplicity disambiguation Simples disambiguation disambiguation de SIMPLE eo Simpla fr Simple ko pt Simple ru Simple ... more details
Manual date December 2008 Html series Dynamic HTML , or DHTML , is an umbrella term for a collection ... why ref by using a combination of a static markup language such as HTML , a client side scripting language ... the look and function of otherwise static HTML page content, after the page has been fully loaded ... DHTML is set up in the following way source lang html5 doctype htmlhtml lang en head meta charset ... when several pages use the same script script src myjavascript.js script body html source Example ... htmlhtml lang en head meta charset utf 8 title Using a DOM function title style a background color ... changeDisplayState toggleMe return false script body html source Introduction to Dynamic HTML Dynamic HTML DHTML is a set of innovative features originally introduced in Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 ... user input and directly manipulate the HTML elements, attributes, styles, and text of the document ... HTML, Cascading Style Sheets CSS , and script. To allow scripts and components to access features of HTML and CSS, the contents of the document were represented as objects in a programming model ... interface that allows you to access and manipulate virtually anything within the document. The HTML ... elements and change style rules using simple script based programming. These scripts can be written ... the style object to enlarge the font and change its color, as shown in the following simple example. source lang xml html head title Dynamic Styles title script language JavaScript function showMe MyHeading.style.color ... to Dynamic HTML h3 p You can do the most amazing things with the least bit of effort. Just click and see ... and hide text li li And much, much more li ul p And this is just the beginning p body html source Data .... A simple example is a form letter in which the name, e mail address, and other details about an individual ... delimited records of the file sampdata.csv in a clear, easy to read table. source lang xml html ... span datafld b span td td align right span datafld c span td tbody table body html source References ... more details
Ontology versioning is the process of formally distinguishing between different versions of vocabularies. See also Semantic Web References 1 Michel Klein, Dieter Fensel. Ontology versioning on the Semantic Web. In Proceedings of the International Semantic Web Working Symposium SWWS . Stanford University, 2001. CiteSeer 2 KWTR ontology versioning http semanticweb.org wiki KWTR ontology versioning 3 Peter Plessers, Olga De Troyer Ontology Change Detection using a Version Log,http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc summary?doi 10.1.1.84.2835 DEFAULTSORT Ontology Versioning Category Ontology information science ... more details
infobox biodatabase title SO logo File Database.png description Biological sequence ontology scope organism center WormBase , FlyBase , the Mouse Genome Informatics group, and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Sanger Institute laboratory author pmid released standard format url http www.sequenceontology.org download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version The Sequence Ontology , or SO , is an ontology information science ontology suitable for describing sequence biology biological sequences . ref cite pmid 15892872 ref ref cite pmid 20226267 ref References Reflist External links cite web url http www.sequenceontology.org title The Sequence Ontology author work publisher Sequence Ontology accessdate 2011 09 19 Category Bioinformatics Category Ontology information science Category Biological databases ... more details
SiMPLE a recursive acronym for SiMPLE Modular Programming Language & Environment is a programming development ... for beginners. The programming language that they created was called SiMPLE. SiMPLE is vaguely .... However, SiMPLE is not and was never intended to be merely a clone of Applesoft BASIC. It was merely ... was an interpreted language, and so it ran somewhat slowly even for a 1MHZ processor . SiMPLE ... faster, but those programs can even run on computers that don t have SiMPLE installed. Another difference between the two languages is in the use of line numbers. Applesoft required them SiMPLE doesn t even use them. Instead of typing program statements onto the black Apple screen, SiMPLE uses a text ... in SiMPLE. But they function in much the same way . However, aside from a few differences in their outward appearances, writing programs in SiMPLE has a similar feel to what one experienced when writing programs in Applesoft. For example, when using SiMPLE in command line mode, a program is run by simply typing the word RUN on a black screen just as was done on the Apple The Three Faces of SiMPLESimple is a generic term for three slightly different versions of the language Micro SiMPLE, Pro SiMPLE, and Ultra SiMPLE. a Micro SiMPLE is an introductory programming language designed to use only 4 keywords Call, Set, If, and Goto. An example of a Micro SiMPLE program listing and a snapshot of the output display it generates is shown in the figure below b Pro SiMPLE is the DOS based version of SiMPLE ... with a resolution of only 640 x 480 pixels. Its sound capabilities are limited to simple beeps through the computer s built in speaker. c Ultra SiMPLE is the Windows based version of SiMPLE. It utilizes exactly the same 23 keywords as Pro SiMPLE. Its graphics capabilities allow millions of colors ... type of media file including movies . Prior to 2011 June, SiMPLE was available only for 32 bit computers ... is now the standard version. In this newer version of SiMPLE, the terms Pro SiMPLE and Ultra SiMPLE ... more details
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