Tagutok Philippine Maranao Teponaztli Mesoamerican Tongue drum Vanuatuan slitdrum Vanuatu Gallery Gallery title Slit drums from different cultures width 160 height 160 lines 7 File Two Teponaztli.jpg Two Aztec slit drums, called teponaztli . The characteristic H slits can be seen on the top of the drum in the foreground. File Kagul.jpg An example of a slitdrum from the Philippines known as a kagul ... Slit drums http www.kalimbas.com drums.htm Collins Rhythmcraft page on slit drums http www.drummuseum.com Drum Museum Siebenborn, Infos about antique slit drums and hand drums from Africa and New Guinea http joelgarten.com blog ?p 20 Beauty of Life Blog A few examples of wooden slit gongs from Asia, including elephant bells. Culture of Oceania DEFAULTSORT SlitDrum Category Lamellophones Category ... , have been used for long distance communication. ref Hart, Mickey p. 52 ref Types The ends of a slitdrum are closed so that the shell becomes the resonating chamber for the sound oscillation vibrations ... on the outer surface and hollow out the center leaving only a slit down the front. This hollowed out log gives the deep resonance of drums when hit on the outside with sticks. List of slit drums Agung ... 12, 2006 ref File Wooden slit drums from Vanuatu, Bernice P. Bishop Museum.JPG Wooden slit drums from Vanuatu , Bernice P. Bishop Museum File Ekwe.jpg Ekwe drum of the Igbo people . See also Drum communication Log drum Wood block Tank drum References Reflist Further reading Hart, Mickey Planet Drum ... more details
wiktionarypar slit A slit is a vertical or Horizontal plane horizontal space that can open and close. It can also refer to Slit clothing , a vertical cut from the hem of the skirt which makes the skirt easier to walk in Vagina , slang Slit gene , in genetics, the midline repellent signaling molecule Slit trench , a defensive preparation in 20th century warfare Slit throat, a wound to the neck and or throat the expression often appears in the form of a threat also a form of suicide Caso Degollados Spanish Case of the Slit Throats , a politically motivated crime and political scandal that took place in Chile involving slit throats Slit computing , a feature of Blackbox and similar X window managers that allows for applications to hide along the edge of the computer display SLIT may refer to Sublingual immunotherapy See also lookfrom intitle possible misspellings Slat disambiguation Slet disambiguation Slot disambiguation Slut disambiguation disambig nl Gleuf pl Szczelina ... more details
The slit sensilla is a small mechanoreceptory organ in the exoskeleton of spider s which detects Deformation mechanics strain due to forces experienced by the animal. As the name indicates, a slit sensilla is a small groove in the exoskeleton which deforms under stress, and these deformations are detected by neurons. Slit sensillae may occur singly, in widely spaced groups of varying alignment, or in tightly clustered parallel groups, with the last being called a lyriform organ . References cite journal author Andrew S. French, Paivi H. Torkkeli, and Ernst August Seyfarth title From stress and strain to spikes mechanotransduction in spider slit sensilla journal J. Comp. Physiol. A volume 188 page 739 752 year 2002 doi 10.1007 s00359 002 0363 1 pmid 12466950 issue 10 pages 739 52 Category Spider anatomy Category Sensory receptors ... more details
Slit refers collectively to a family of related genes which encode a corresponding set of secreted proteins, also collectively referred to as Slit. Slit proteins act as midline repellents, preventing the crossing of longitudinal axon s through the midline of the central nervous system of most bilaterian animal species, including mouse mice , chicken s, human s, insect s, nematode worms and planarian s. ref cite journal journal Cell year 1999 volume 96 issue 6 pages 795 806 title Slit Proteins Bind Robo Receptors and Have an Evolutionarily Conserved Role in Repulsive Axon Guidance author K. Brose, K. S. Bland, K. H. Wang, D. Arnott, W. Henzel, C. S. Goodman, M. Tessier Lavigne, and T. Kidd doi 10.1016 S0092 8674 00 80590 5 pmid 10102268 ref It also prevents the recrossing of commissural axon s. Its canonical receptor is Roundabout gene Robo but it may have other receptors. The Slit protein is produced and secreted by cells within the floor plate in vertebrates or by midline glia in insects and diffuses outward. Slit Robo signaling is important in pioneer axon guidance. ref cite journal journal Development year 2008 volume 135 pages 3643 3653 title Pioneer longitudinal axons navigate using floor plate and Slit Robo signals author W. T. Farmer, A. L. Altick, H. F. Nural, J. P. Dugan, T. Kidd, F. Charron and G. S. Mastick doi 10.1242 dev.023325 pmid 18842816 issue 22 pmc 2768610 ref Humans, mice and other vertebrates possess three Slit genes, known as Slit1, Slit2, and Slit3, which cooperate to mediate midline repulsion. Other animals, such as insects and nematode worms, possess a single Slit gene. References reflist Category Genes Category Neuroscience Category Developmental neuroscience gene stub neuroscience stub ... more details
multiple issues cleanup February 2011 confusing February 2011 refimprove February 2011 Image Slit lamp Eye examination by Ophthalmologist.jpg thumb right 250px Slit lamp examination of the eyes in an ophthalmology ... view seen on examination with the slit lamp The slit lamp is an instrument consisting of a high intensity ... , iris anatomy iris , natural crystalline lens , and cornea . The binocular slit lamp examination ... . History To fully understand the development of the slit lamp one must consider that with this invention ... techniques. Two conflicting trends emerged in the development of the slit lamp. One trend originated ... with the Slit Lamp , Carl Zeiss Meditec, AG, p. 33, accessed February 6, 2011. ref The second trend ... was Hermann Von Helmholtz 1850 when he invented the ophthalmoscope . ref Eye Examination with the Slit Lamp , Zeiss, p. 33 ref In ophthalmology and optometry , the term slit lamp is the most commonly referred to term however it would be more correct to call it the slit lamp instrument . ref name Zeiss p. 34 Eye Examination with the Slit Lamp , Zeiss, p. 34 ref Today s instrument however is a combination ... and that of the slit lamp itself. Though the slit lamp is a combination of these two developments, the first concept of the slit lamp dates back to 1911 credited to Alvar Gullstrand and his large ... employed a Nernst glower which was later converted into a slit through a simple optical system. ref name Zeiss p. 35 Eye Examination with the Slit Lamp , Zeiss, p. 35 ref However, the instrument never received much attention and the term slit lamp did not appear in any literature again until 1914. It wasn t until 1919 that several improvements were made to the Gullstrand slit lamp made by Vogt ... source for slit lamp examinations were recognized and the basis created for examinations in red free light. ref name Zeiss p. 35 In the year 1926, the slit lamp instrument was redesigned. The vertical arrangement of the slit projector slit lamp made it an easy to handle instrument. For the first ... more details
sound. Exceptions include the African slitdrum , also known as a log drum as it is made from a hollowed out tree trunk, and the steel drum Caribbean steel drum , made from a metal barrel. Drums with two ... Log drum Madal Col 3 of 4 Mridangam Snare drum Side drum Marching snare drumSlitdrum Snare drum Steelpan ...Other uses The drum is a member of the percussion instrument percussion group of musical instruments ... membrane membrane , called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with the player s hands, or with a drum stick , to produce sound . There is usually a resonance head on the underside of the drum, these are usually tuned to a slightly lower pitch ... than timpani drums, can be arranged together to create a drum kit . ref name Black cite book title ... the realm of popular music and jazz , drums usually refers to a drum kit or a set of drums with some ... Image DrumMozartRegiment.jpg thumb Drum carried by John Unger, Company B, 40th Regiment New ... include a frame design tar drum tar , Bodhr n , truncated cones bongo drum s, Ashiko , Goblet drum goblet shaped djembe , and joined truncated cones talking drum . Drums with cylindrical shells can be open at one end as is the case with timbales , or can have two drum heads. Single headed drums typically ... heads, hence the name snare drum . ref name grove On modern band music band and orchestral drums, the drumhead is placed over the opening of the drum, which in turn is held onto the shell by a counterhoop ... or tightening the rods. Many such drums have six to ten tension rods. The sound of a drum depends ... was made, counterhoop material, type of drumhead used and tension applied to it, position of the drum ... of tension rods drum skins were attached and tuned by rope systems such as that used on the Djembe ... sometimes seen on regimental marching band snare drums. ref name grove Sound of a drum Image Drums ... the sound a drum produces, including the type, shape and construction of the drum shell, the type ... more details
technical date December 2011 Portal Neuroscience Slit Robo is the name of a cell signaling pathway with many diverse functions including axon guidance at the floor plate and angiogenesis in cancer . Slit gene Slit refers to a secreted protein which is most widely known as a repulsive axon guidance cue .... ref Yuan, W., Zhou, L., Chen, J., Wu, J. Y., Rao, Y., Ornitz, D. M. 1999 . The mouse SLIT family secreted .... Developmental Biology, 212 290 306. ref There are three Robos and a single Slit in Drosophila , known as Robo1, Robo2, Robo3, and Slit. The corresponding Slit and Robo homologues in Caenorhabditis ... site for Robo receptors revealed by dissection of leucine rich repeat region of Slit. EMBO Journal ..., M. R, Hartley, D. A., Wlather, Z., & Artavanis Tsakonsa, S. 1988 . Slit an EGF homologous locus ... al. 1990 . Slit an extracellular protein necessary for development of midline glial and commissural ..., A. 2002 . Role of Slit proteins in the developing brain. Journal of Physiology Paris, 96 91 98. ref ... of netrin attraction by Slit thorugh a Robo DCC receptor complex. Science, 291 1928 1938. doi ... dosage sensitive genetic interactions between Slit and Robo genes, ref Kidd, T., Bland, K. S., Goodman, C. S. 1999 . Slit is the midline repellent for the Robo receptor in Drosophila. Cell, 96 785 .... S., Tessier Lavigne, M., & Kidd, T. 1999 . Slit proteins bind robo receptors and have an evolutionarily ... 5 ref identified Slit as the repulsive Robo ligand expressed at the ventral midline. Slit was also found ... . Vertebrate slit, a secreted ligand for the transmembrane protein roundabout, is a repellent for olfactory ... system by the protein Slit. Nature, 400 6742 331 336. ref That same year, Slit2 was found ... purification of a mammalian Slit protein as a positive regulator of sensory axon elongation and branching. Cell, 96 6 771 784. ref Evolutionary conservation of Slit and Robo structures ref name MTL ...., Mitani, S., Moulder, G., Barstead, R., Tessier Lavigne, M., & Bargmann, C. I. 2001 . C. elegans Slit ... more details
Geobox Protected Area Name section name Slit Woods Category category Site of Special Scientific Interest category local Site of Special Scientific Interest category iucn Country etc. country England region North East England North East region type Region district Wear Valley Geography area unit ha area 14.1 area round 1 location gbmappingsmall NY906390 lat d 54 lat m 44 lat s 47 lat NS N long d 2 long m 8 long s 48 long EW W elevation length length orientation width width orientation highest highest location highest lat d highest lat m highest lat s highest lat NS highest long d highest long m highest long s highest long EW highest elevation lowest lowest location lowest lat d lowest lat m lowest lat s lowest lat NS lowest long d lowest long m lowest long s lowest long EW lowest elevation Nature biome biome share biome1 biome1 share geology geology1 plant plant1 animal animal1 People established type Notification established 1976 management body Natural England visitation year Free fields free type Area of Search free List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham County Durham free1 type Interest free1 Biological Map section map Durham outline map with UK 2009 .png map locator x map locator y map size 243 map caption Location of Slit Woods SSSI, Co Durham map locator County Durham map first map alt Map of England and Wales with a red dot representing the location of the Slit Woods SSSI, Co Durham Website website http www.natureonthemap.org.uk map.aspx?map sssi&feature 1000581,sssi,HYPERLINK,LABEL Map of site Slit Woods is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in the Wear Valley district of County Durham , England . It occupies the valley of Middlehope Burn , a tributary of the River Wear , which it joins at Westgate, County Durham Westgate , just south of the site ... mines, Slit Mine and Middlehope Mine. The waste from these mines supports open grassland within which ... web url http www.english nature.org.uk citation citation photo 1000581.pdf title Slit Woods year 1987 ... more details
File The appearance of male genitalia Original view .JPG thumb right 350px The penis after dorsal slit. A dorsal slit often referred to in anthropology as superincision is a single incision along the upper length of the foreskin from the tip to the Glans penis Anatomical details corona , exposing the glans without removing any tissue. An ancient practice, ref name pmid18318903 cite journal author Christianakis E title Sutureless prepuceplasty with wound healing by second intention An alternative surgical approach in children s phimosis treatment journal BMC Urology volume 8 pages 6 year 2008 pmid 18318903 pmc 2311323 doi 10.1186 1471 2490 8 6 url http www.biomedcentral.com 1471 2490 8 6 ref it has been a traditional custom among a number of peoples, particularly Filipinos and Pacific Islanders, probably for thousands of years. In Western medicine it was used as an alternative to circumcision to relieve conditions such as phimosis and paraphimosis , although a perception of poor cosmesis limited its popularity. It is still used when circumcision or other measures are impractical or undesirable. Traditional custom Since superincision and circumcision are both forms of genital cutting that expose the glans, it can often be difficult to know which procedure is being described or depicted ... in New Zealand ref Medical practice File Penis after dorsal slit erection.JPG thumb left Penis after dorsal slit erection Phimosis Dorsal slit has a long history as a treatment for adult ... pmc 2457672 pmid 20780160 ref Dorsal slit is now rare in Western countries as a treatment for phimosis ... methods be unsuccessful, a dorsal slit is a common intervention of choice since circumcision ... N, Nayak P, Mostafid H title Emergency dorsal slit for balanitis with retention journal Journal of the Royal ... Dorsal Genital Slits in some African tribes A variety of dorsal slit circumcison was once predominant ... is different in this rather than a dorsal slit from the opening of the prepuce to the corona, a heart ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced August 2009 expert subject January 2009 disputed January 2009 Gill slits are individual openings to gills , i.e., multiple gill arches, which lack a single outer cover. Such gills are characteristic of Cartilaginous fish such as shark s, Batoidea rays , sawfish , and guitarfish . Most of these have five pairs, but a few species have 6 or 7 pairs. The anterior edge of a gill slit is motile, moving outward to allow water to exit, but closing to prevent reverse flow. In contrast, Bony fishes have a single outer bony gill covering called an Operculum fish operculum . The term gill slits has also been used to refer to the folds of skin in the pharyngeal region in embryos. The true gill slits in embryonic fish develop into gills. However, the slits in vertebrate do not, so a better modifier for the vertebral structures is pharyngeal , as in pharyngeal slits and pharyngeal arches. In the 19th century, pharyngeal slits of vertebrate embryos were erroneously thought to be actual gills or precursor slits to gills, so thought then to be support for the recapitulation theory . These pharyngeal arch s exist in all vertebrates at some time in their embryo stage in mammal s, bird s, and reptile s , and develop into a number of permanent structures in and away from the throat area and the bones in the ear. When the vertebrate reaches a certain point in its life the arches fuse together and form other structures such as the trachea and ear bones, and contribute to major blood vessels. Despite evidence to the contrary some books on evolution still use the supposed gill slits as evidence for evolution. In South Africa in their grade 12 text books this error still appears as evidence that mammal embryo s go through a fish like stage. Life Sciences Grade 12 Textbook and Workbook by J Grogan & R Suter published April 2010 This is scientifically wrong. References reflist diversity of fish Category Fish anatomy animal anatomy stub Fish stub cs abern t rbina ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A log drum is a type of unpitched percussion instrument . see drum communication for the history of log drum and information on the log drum as a means of communication in ancient cultures see also Tongue drumSlitdrum Bosalabos Wood block DEFAULTSORT Log Drum Category Idiophones Percussion instrument stub ... more details
A tank drum or hank drum is a round steel slitdrumslit tongue drum originally fashioned from a propane tank. Description A tank drum is made from an empty often 20 lb propane tank. The tank is flipped over, the base cut knocked off and seven to ten tongues are cut radially into the bottom of the tank which becomes the top of the tank drum . The tongues can be tuned by the player by varying the length of the cuts. The tank drum is often tuned to pentatonic scales but can be tuned to the diatonic scale , the chromatic scale , or any set of notes the maker chooses. The instrument is played ... tongue drum with a circular cross pattern layout and from an empty 20 pound propane tank. The name hank drum came from a combination of Hang and tank . ref http www.youtube.com watch?v bpMS15kJyOY YouTube video The Original Propane Tank Hank Drum by Dennis Havlena ref The tank drum, in turn, has inspired other steel slitdrum inventions, including a number of commercial versions. ref Manufacturers ... version of the tank drum History The tank drum as a steel tongue drum had several predecessors, most notably the Whale Drum by Jim Doble and the Tambiro by Felle Vega. ref http www.youtube.com ..., ref http dennishavlena.com for webpage lp hang.htm Instructions for making a tank drum by Dennis ... Custom Tank Drum , http www.deftaudio.ru modules smartsection item.php?itemid 1 Deftaudio , http www.drumvibe.com ... Instrument Gallery about Dennis Havlena and the Hank drum http en.wikiaudio.org Recording techniques Hank drum Article on recording a hank drum. Includes audio clips http hankdrum.groupsite.com main summary Hank Drum Collective discussion group for Hank Drum makers http www.instructables.com id How to Build a Hank Drum http foundmusic.blogspot.com 2008 01 how to build hank drum.html http foundmusic.blogspot.com 2008 05 how to improve your hank drum.html Percussion DEFAULTSORT Hank Drum Category ... Tongue Drum es Tambor tanque ... more details
File Keyboard eq1985.png thumb Example of slit scan technique self portrait while typing on computer keyboard . Camera is rotated into portrait orientation, and slit scan that would originally run left to right now runs top to bottom The slit scan photography technique is a photography photographic and cinematography cinematographic process where a moveable slide, into which a slit has been cut, is inserted between the camera and the subject to be photographed. Use in cinematography Originally used in static photography to achieve blurriness or deformity, the slit scan technique was perfected for the creation of spectacular animations . It enables the cinematographer to create a psychedelia psychedelic flow of colors. Though this type of effect is now often created through computer animation, slit scan is a mechanical technique. It was adapted for film by Douglas Trumbull during the production of Stanley Kubrick s 2001 A Space Odyssey film 2001 A Space Odyssey and used extensively in the stargate ... of effect was revived in other productions, for films and television alike. For instance, slit ... Baker used between December 1973 and 1979. Slit scan was also used in Star Trek The Next Generation ... time the ship went into warp. Description Slit scan is an animation created image by image. Its ... a rather precise picture of the light slit. This image gets progressively bigger and eventually shifts ... home made slit shutter camera1992.png 600px External links http www.peterkrantz.com 2008 slit scan photography Example code to create slit scans http people.rit.edu andpph text slit scan.html Slit Scan Photography http seriss.com people erco 2001 Unwrapping the 2001 Slit Scan sequences http www.youtube.com ... http www.youtube.com watch?v WdVivT0ShC4 Video of the 1974 Doctor Who Slit Scan title sequence http www.flong.com writings lists list slit scan.html An Informal Catalogue of Slit Scan Video Artworks ... Category Special effects Category Photographic techniques de Slitscan fr Slit scan ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE N slit interferometer The N slit interferometer is an extension of the double slit experiment double slit interferometer also known as Young s double slit interferometer. One of the first known uses of N slit arrays in optics was illustrated by Isaac Newton Newton . ref I. Newton, Opticks ... cases of N slit diffraction. Richard Feynman Feynman ref R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, and M. Sands ... experiment s, of two slit quantum interference, of electrons using Braket notation Dirac s notation ... . ref This approach was extended to N slit interferometers, by F. J. Duarte Duarte and colleagues, ref name FJD1989 F. J. Duarte and D. J. Paine, Quantum mechanical description of N slit interference ... by indistinguishable photons. The first application of the N slit interferometer was the generation ... 14 1993 . ref These interferograms are accurately reproduced, or predicted, by the N slit interferometric equation N slit interferometric equation for either even N 2, 4, 6, , or odd N 3, 5, 7, , numbers ... measurements, Opt. Commun. 103 , 8 14 1993 . ref N slit laser interferometer The N slit laser interferometer ... grating, or N slit array, and a photoelectric detector array such as a Charge coupled device CCD or Active ... 2. ref The expanded laser beam illumination in the N slit interferometer can also take the shape ... as straight forward N slit interferometers or as interferometric microscopes see section on microscopy ... 12 1 015705 F. J. Duarte, T. S. Taylor, A. B. Clark, and W. E. Davenport, The N slit interferometer .... G. Varmette, N slit interferometer for secure free space optical communications 527 m intra interferometric ..., N slit interferometers ref name JOPT2010 ref name JOPT2011 are also being used to study the effect ... fiber or spider silk thread into the propagation path of the N slit interferogram. The position of the spider web fiber is perpendicular to the plane of propagation. ref name JOPT2011 Note N slit interferometers include three slit interferometers or triple slit interferometers , four slit interferometers ... more details
Taxobox name Nycteris madagascariensis status DD status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. madagascariensis binomial Nycteris madagascariensis binomial authority Guillaume Grandidier Grandidier , 1937 range map Nycteris madagascariensis range map.svg range map caption Malagasy Slit faced Bat range The Malagasy Slit faced Bat Nycteris madagascariensis is a species of slit faced bat in Madagascar . Very little is known about this species. References Reflist Chiroptera Specialist Group 2000. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 40022 all Nycteris madagascariensis . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. DEFAULTSORT Malagasy Slit Faced Bat Category Mammals of Africa bat stub ca Nycteris madagascariensis es Nycteris madagascariensis eu Nycteris madagascariensis pt Nycteris madagascariensis ... more details
Taxobox name Malayan Slit Faced Bat status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. tragata binomial Nycteris tragata binomial authority Knud Andersen K. Andersen , 1912 The Malayan Slit Faced Bat Nycteris tragata is a species of slit faced bat which lives in Indonesia , Malaysia , Myanmar , and Thailand . References Reflist Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14937 all Nycteris tragata . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Nycteridae Category Mammals of Southeast Asia Bat, Malayan Slit faced Category Animals described in 1912 bat stub ca Nycteris tragata es Nycteris tragata eu Nycteris tragata pt Nycteris tragata ... more details
Taxobox name Javan Slit Faced Bat status VU status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. javanica binomial Nycteris javanica binomial authority E. Geoffroy Saint Hilaire , 1813 The Javan Slit Faced Bat Nycteris javanica is a species of slit faced bat that lives in the dry tropical and sub tropical forest s of Indonesia . References Reflist Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14932 all Nycteris javanica . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Asia bat stub ca Nycteris javanica es Nycteris javanica eu Nycteris javanica pt Nycteris javanica ... more details
for other kinds of drums drum disambiguation Developed from hollow tree trunks, and used by culture s living ... used during ceremony ceremonial and religious functions. Types Pressure drum While this type of instrument ... telling and communication of points of order. Some of the groups of variations of the talking drum ... J j Nigeria and Mbalax Senegal . Slit gongs Message drums, or more properly slit gong s, with hollow ... when struck by heavy wooden Percussion mallet drum stick s. While some were simple utilitarian pieces ... there are small stands under each end of the drum to keep it off of the ground and let it vibrate ... be made and thus the farther it could be heard. A long slit would be cut in one side of the tree trunk. Next, the log would be hollowed out through the slit, leaving lips wooden ledges on each side of the opening. A drum could be Musical tuning tune d to produce a lower note and a higher note. For that it would need to be hollowed out more under one lip than under the other. The drum s lips are hit ... gossip grapevine . Africa main Talking drum In Africa , New Guinea and the tropical America, people have used drum telegraphy to communicate with each other from far away for centuries. When European ... no ref . Among the famous communication drums are the drums of West Africa see talking drum . From ... as security guard in the Wissmann Truppe for the caravan of Charles Stokes. African drum language The traditional ... or thirdly it can simply be subject to musical laws. Drum communication methods are not languages ... Africa, drum patterns represent the Stress linguistics stress es, syllable lengths and Tone linguistics ... profile . Therefore, syllable drum languages can often communicate a message using the phoneme tonal ... representing the subject. In practice not all listeners understand all of the stock phrases the drum ... s extend this idea further by freely inventing signs to make up their drum signals. This is in sharp ... are translated into the drum language. No smaller units are used a sound picture ... more details
Taxobox name Bate s slit faced bat status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. arge binomial Nycteris arge binomial authority Oldfield Thomas Thomas , 1903 Bate s slit faced bat Nycteris arge is a species of slit faced bat frequently confused with Nycteris major . It is broadly distributed and common, living throughout many parts of Africa in forest s and savanna s. References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Fahr, J. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14926 all Nycteris arge . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa Category Nycteridae Category Animals described in 1903 bat stub ca Nycteris arge es Nycteris arge eu Nycteris arge pt Nycteris arge ... more details
Taxobox name Ja Slit Faced Bat status VU status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. major binomial Nycteris major binomial authority Knud Andersen K. Andersen , 1912 The Ja Slit Faced Bat Nycteris major is a species of slit faced bat that lives in the tropical and sub tropical forest s of Africa . Its habitat is fragmented and declining, and the species is therefore very rare. Logging and farming are the greatest threats to its habitat currently. There are two known sub species Nycteris major avakubia and Nycteris major major . References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Fahr, J. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14934 summ Nycteris major . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa bat stub ca Nycteris major es Nycteris major eu Nycteris major pt Nycteris major ... more details
Taxobox name Large Slit Faced Bat status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. grandis binomial Nycteris grandis binomial authority Wilhelm Peters Peters , 1865 The Large Slit Faced Bat Nycteris grandis is a species of slit faced bat with a broad distribution in forest and savanna habitats. N. marica Kershaw, 1923 , is the available name for the southern savanna species if it is recognized as distinct from this species. References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Fahr, J. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14929 summ Nycteris grandis . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. bat stub Category Nycteridae ca Nycteris grandis de Gro e Schlitznase es Nycteris grandis eu Nycteris grandis pt Nycteris grandis ... more details
Taxobox name Hairy Slit Faced Bat status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. hispida binomial Nycteris hispida binomial authority Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber Schreber , 1775 The Hairy Slit Faced Bat Nycteris hispida is a species of slit faced bat that is widely distributed throughout forest s and savanna s in Africa . Two recognized subspecies exist Nycteris hispida hispida and Nycteris hispida pallida . Various forest populations in western and central Africa may be a separate species, although that has not been positively identified as of 2007. References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A. & Bergmans, W. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14930 all Nycteris hispida . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa Category Nycteridae bat stub ca Nycteris hispida es Nycteris hispida eu Nycteris hispida pt Nycteris hispida ... more details
Taxobox name Intermediate Slit Faced Bat status NT status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. intermedia binomial Nycteris intermedia binomial authority Aellen , 1959 The Intermediate Slit Faced Bat Nycteris intermedia is a species of slit faced bat living in forest and savanna regions of west and central Africa . It is easily confused with Nycteris arge and Nycteris nana . N. Intermedia is broadly distributed, but is classified as near threatened because of the threat of predicted habitat loss. It is much more restricted to true rainforest than is N. arge . References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Fahr, J. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14931 all Nycteris intermedia . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa bat stub ca Nycteris intermedia es Nycteris intermedia eu Nycteris intermedia pt Nycteris intermedia ... more details
Taxobox name Dwarf Slit Faced Bat status LC status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. nana binomial Nycteris nana binomial authority Knud Andersen K. Andersen , 1912 The Dwarf Slit Faced Bat Nycteris nana is a species of slit faced bat living in forest and savanna regions of Central Africa . Two subspecies have been noted N. nana nana and N. nana tristis . References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Fahr, J. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14935 all Nycteris nana . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa bat stub ca Nycteris nana es Nycteris nana eu Nycteris nana pt Nycteris nana ... more details
Taxobox name Wood s Slit Faced Bat status NT status system IUCN3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Chiroptera familia Nycteridae genus Nycteris species N. woodi binomial Nycteris woodi binomial authority Knud Andersen K. Andersen , 1914 Wood s Slit Faced Bat Nycteris woodi is a species of slit faced bat that lives in the dry savanna regions of Southern Africa . Its numbers are declining due to habitat loss from logging and farming, pesticide use, and the decline of baobab tree s which these bats depend on for roost sites. References Reflist Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, A., Bergmans, W. & Cotterill, F.W. 2004. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 14939 all Nycteris woodi . In IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 13 April 2007. Category Mammals of Africa bat stub ca Nycteris woodi es Nycteris woodi eu Nycteris woodi pt Nycteris woodi ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
