nihongo Smallpox demon H s shin or smallpox devil is a demon which had been considered to be responsible for the occurrence of smallpox in medieval times. In those days, people tried to appease the smallpox ... defeats a smallpox devil from Yoshitoshi s 36 drawings of Yokai File Nisshin Shinjishi Hososhin.jpg right thumb 200px A drawing of a smallpox demon by Kobayashi Eitaku, 1875 File Shuran Hososhin.jpg right thumb 200px A smallpox demon enshrined History of the smallpox demon in Japan In Japanese, the word h s shin translates literally to smallpox god or smallpox god as the devil . According to the Shoku Nihongi , smallpox was introduced into Japan in 735 into Fukuoka Prefecture from Korea. In those days, smallpox had been considered to be the result of onry , which was a mythological ... vengeance. ref Kyogoku 2008 295 ref Smallpox related kami s include Sumiyoshi sanjin ref Sakurai 1980 262 263 ref In a book published in the Kansei years 1789 1801 , there were lines that wrote that smallpox devils were enshrined in families which had smallpox in order to recover from smallpox. Customs related to smallpox devils Smallpox devils were said to be afraid of things which were red in color ... to please smallpox demon. ref Aoyama 1997 200 ref In Okinawa, there was smallpox poetry in Ryuka poetry the purpose of smallpox poetry in the Ryukyu language is the glorification of smallpox demon , or improvement from deadly infection of smallpox. ref Higa 1983ge 848 ref There is a collection of smallpox poetry including 105 poems published in 1805. ref Higa 1983ge 450 ref Traditional smallpox ... Prefecture for the avoidance of smallpox devils. ref Cite web url http www.joyoliving.co.jp topics 201006 tpc1006035.html title A local smallpox dance in Ibaragi Prefecture publisher Joyo Living ... shichoson satumasendai irikihoso.html title Smallpox dance in Iriki Cho, Kagoshima publisher Kagoshima ... bunka bunka museum shichoson minamisatuma housou.html title Smallpox dance in Oura Cho, Kagoshima Prefecture ... more details
main Smallpox The history of smallpox extends into pre history the disease likely emerged in human population s about 10,000 BC. ref name Barquet cite journal author Barquet N, Domingo P title Smallpox ... The earliest credible evidence of smallpox is found in the Egyptian mummies of people who died some 3000 years ago. ref name Fenner1 cite book author Fenner, Frank title Smallpox and Its Eradication ... url http whqlibdoc.who.int smallpox 9241561106.pdf year 1988 isbn 92 4 156110 6 format PDF ref During ... author Behbehani AM title The smallpox story life and death of an old disease journal Microbiol Rev ... Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination pmc 1200696 journal Proc Bayl Univ ... that smallpox was responsible for 300 500 million deaths. ref cite book author Koplow, David A. title Smallpox the fight to eradicate a global scourge url http books.google.com books ucpress?vid ... releases 2008 01 080131122956.htm How Poxviruses Such As Smallpox Evade The Immune System , ScienceDaily , February 1, 2008 ref In the early 1950s an estimated 50 million cases of smallpox occurred ... name WHO Factsheet cite web title Smallpox work WHO Factsheet url http www.who.int mediacentre factsheets smallpox en accessdate 2007 09 22 ref After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in December 1979. ref name WHO Factsheet To this day, smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been completely eradicated. ref cite journal author De Cock KM title Book Review The Eradication of Smallpox Edward Jenner ... of smallpox in Europe before the 6th century CE, but it has been suggested that it was a major ... caused by smallpox. ref cite journal jstor 293979 pmid 11616517 title Galen and the Antonine ... believe that many historical List of epidemics epidemic s and pandemic s were early outbreaks of smallpox ... author Barquet N, Domingo P title Smallpox the triumph over the most terrible of the ministers of death ... more details
In 1767, the 11 year old composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was struck by smallpox . Like all smallpox victims, he was at serious risk of dying, but he survived the disease. This article discusses smallpox .... Smallpox in Mozart s day Main Smallpox History of smallpoxSmallpox in 18th century Europe was a devastating ... for details of the estimated casualties see smallpox . The 18th century was probably a particularly terrible time for smallpox in Europe urbanization had increased crowding, making it easier for the disease to spread ref Hopkins 2002, 62 ref yet effective protection from smallpox was discovered only ... population, something like 10 30 percent of all patients with smallpox would be expected to die. And dying was not easy smallpox was, as Thomas Macaulay Macaulay wrote, the most terrible of all the ministers of death. ref Glynn and Glynn 2008, 2 ref blockquote Those who survived smallpox did not always ... the patient s skin became covered with large, bulging pustules for images, see smallpox ... with live smallpox virus, taken from pustules of the mildest variety of smallpox that could be found. Inoculation offered immunity to smallpox, but the procedure carried a definite risk that the inoculated person could die from smallpox as a result. Thus, many parents felt that they would rather do nothing, risking future smallpox arriving at random, rather than carry out a deliberate act that might ... in 1764 22 February to his landlord and friend Lorenz Hagenauer concerning smallpox blockquote They are trying to persuade me to let my boy be inoculated with smallpox. But as I have expressed sufficiently ... of smallpox The Mozart family Wolfgang, his father Leopold, his mother Anna Maria Mozart Anna Maria ... of smallpox in Vienna at the time. On 28 May of that year, Emperor Joseph II, Holy ... down with smallpox. ref Halliwell 1998, 123 ref Alarmed, Leopold first left Schmalacker s house, taking ..., wrongly, that Nannerl had already had smallpox as a child and so was in less danger see also ... more details
Orphan date January 2012 Variolation is a method of inoculating or immunizing an individual against the smallpox ... administered by inserting rubbing pulverized smallpox scabs or pustules into superficial scratches ... naturally occurring smallpox and succumb to a mild fever . After a two week period, these symptoms ... insufflation administered by blowing powdered smallpox material, usually scabs, up the nostrils ... Palgrave Macmillan location Basingstoke pages 60 ref According to such documentation, mild smallpox ... book last Henderson first Donald A. title Smallpox The Death of a Disease year 2009 location New ... from Arabic practices. Tishteree el Jidderi buying the smallpox was a practice seen within ... the smallpox , ref cite book last Williams first Gareth title Angel of Death year 2010 publisher ... a smallpox pustule and rubbed into a cut made into the patient s skin. This practice spread more widely ... of Smallpox year 1977 publisher Caliban pages 15 ref Spread into Western Europe Introduction Although ... disease. Soon afterwards she contracted smallpox. Although she had survived she was left with severe ..., Sarah Chiswell, in April 1717. ref cite book last Fenner first Frank title Smallpox and its Eradication ... condemned prisoners were variolated and later exposed to smallpox with the promise of freedom if they survived. ref cite book last Henderson first Donald title Smallpox The Death of a Disease year 2010 ... alternative to contracting natural smallpox, strengthened by the assumption that it protected against smallpox for life. Doctors saw its potential and seized control of this up and coming marking ... Peter title The Conquest of Smallpox year 1977 publisher Caliban pages 18 ref The Suttonian Method ... of his sons. ref cite book last Razzell first Peter title The Conquest of Smallpox year 1977 publisher ... last Razzell first Peter title The Conquest of Smallpox year 1977 publisher Calliban pages 22 ref ... College of Physicians . ref cite book last Henderson first Donald title Smallpox The Death ... more details
Image Smallpox vaccine injection.jpg thumb right Smallpox vaccine being administered. Note the bifurcated needle . The smallpox vaccine was the first successful vaccine to be developed. The process of vaccination ... caught the cowpox virus did not catch smallpox . ref cite journal author Stewart AJ, Devlin PM title The history of the smallpox vaccine journal J. Infect. volume 52 issue 5 pages 329 34 year 2006 ... S0163 4453 05 00219 7 ref Prior to widespread vaccination, mortality rates in individuals with smallpox ... vial containing live smallpox virus. Before the introduction of a vaccine, the mortality of the severe form of smallpox variola major was very high. Historical records show that a method of Artificial ... BC. ref name Bourzac 2002 cite journal author Bourzac K title Smallpox Historical Review of a Potential ... London publisher Serindia Publications isbn 0 906026 36 9 ref The first clear reference to smallpox ... University Press pages 134 ref Inoculation for smallpox does not appear to have been widespread ... powdered smallpox scabs were blown up the noses of the healthy. The patients would then develop a mild ... Constantinople , ref name Behbehani 1983 cite journal author Behbehani AM title The smallpox story ... Empire, she discovered the local practice of inoculation against smallpox called variolation ... 5 and 4 respectively. They both recovered quickly. In 1721, an epidemic of smallpox hit London and left ... informed. The patient would then develop a mild case of smallpox , recover, and thereafter be immune ... Open Collections Program Contagion, The Boston Smallpox Epidemic, 1721 accessdate 2008 08 27 url ... Smallpox and Its Eradication History of International Public Health, No. 6 publisher World Health ... hesitated to have his American Revolutionary War Revolutionary War troops inoculated during a smallpox ... vaccinators is thought to have contaminated the cowpox matter the vaccine with smallpox matter he worked in a smallpox hospital and this produced essentially variolation. Other vaccine material was not reliably ... more details
Infobox nrhp name Smallpox Hospital nrhp type designated other2 name NYC Landmark designated other2 date ... , PDFlink http www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org db bb files SMALLPOX HOSP.pdf Smallpox Hospital ... image Ruins of the Smallpox Hospital 2007.jpg caption Hospital ruins, 2007 location Roosevelt Island ... smallpox cite web last Rosebrook first Ellen url http www.oprhp.state.ny.us hpimaging hp view.asp?GroupView 4883 title National Register of Historic Places nomination, Smallpox Hospital publisher New ... 12 06 ref architecture Gothic Revival ref name smallpox added March 16, 1972 area convert 0.9 acre m2 ref name smallpox governing body Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation ref name smallpox refnum 72000881 ref name nris NRISref 2009a ref The Smallpox Hospital sometimes referred to as the Renwick Smallpox Hospital and later the Maternity and Charity Hospital Training School is an abandoned hospital ... cite web url http www.1010wins.com NYC Set To Open Old Smallpox Hospital to Public 4487585 title NYC Opening Old Smallpox Hospital to Public author date 2009 05 28 work 1010WINS.com publisher WINS ... project, the Smallpox Hospital ruins are open to the public. ref name stable cite news title ... from the ends of the northwest front facade , had mansard roof s. ref name smallpox At the center ... rather than curves, unusual for that architectural style . ref name smallpox History File Renwickhospital1870.jpg ... of the smallpox vaccine , New York City still had large outbreaks of the disease, in part because ... student base. ref name society cite web url http www.rihs.us landmarks renwick.html title Smallpox ... Ruin File Renwick Smallpox Hospital 2006.jpg thumb Detail view of the ruins Both buildings fell into disrepair ... both, making plans to reinforce the walls of the Smallpox Hospital. ref name society In 1972, the hospital ... Smallpox hospital author Brendan Brosh date 2008 02 18 work publisher New York Daily News accessdate ... to stabilize the Smallpox Hospital, a memorial to Franklin D. Roosevelt, and a convert 14 acre ... more details
Plot date November 2009 Infobox Television show name Smallpox 2002 Silent Weapon Fiction image caption ... production website http www.walltowall.co.uk catalogue detail.aspx?w2wprogram 101 Smallpox 2002 Silent ... of it was one man who, in 2002, creates the smallpox virus himself, infects himself, and touches ten ... media 2002 feb 06 firstnight.broadcasting Smallpox 2002 Silent Weapon round up of newspaper reviews ... www.guardian.co.uk media 2002 feb 06 overnights Smallpox proves infectious for BBC2 , The Guardian ... to rid the world of smallpox forever. By 1980 they had succeeded and vaccination stopped. The only ... Cynthia Sheldon in the isolation unit. He was convinced he was looking at a case of smallpox ... at which point they re infectious. By 10 00 that night over 30 suspected cases of smallpox had been ... anybody who had contracted smallpox. Since there were only a handful of cases, no one had died and it was still not confirmed as smallpox, the other members of the meeting saw this as an overreaction ... for any smallpox outbreaks elsewhere in the world. But none had been reported. By the time New York ... diseases, but at the time there was no question as to smallpox. The Kingsway Hall hotel was isolated .... At 2 10 A.M. that morning the doctors heard about the possible smallpox outbreak in New York on CNN . They knew that in 3 of smallpox victims there are hemorrhagic symptoms that kill the victim. They knew ... CDC in Atlanta identified the strain of smallpox as India 1 this proved that the virus originated ... the Soviet Union was one of the driving nations behind the campaign to eradicate smallpox. But this was the height of the Cold War . Unwittingly many of the Soviet doctors were sending smallpox ... of the disease presented a unique opportunity. If there was no smallpox, it meant no one would be vaccinated anymore. If nobody is vaccinated a new biological weapon based on smallpox would be the most ... of a massive bio weapons program using a specially selected strain of smallpox. The major strain ... more details
The 1974 smallpox epidemic of India was one of the worst smallpox epidemics of 20th century. At least 15,000 people died of smallpox between January to May 1974, mainly in the Indian states of Bihar , Orissa and West Bengal . There were thousands who survived but were disfigured or blinded. India reported 61,482 cases of smallpox to WHO in these five months. India had over 86 of the world s smallpox cases in 1974, primarily due to this epidemic. ref name chart http www.smallpoxhistory.ucl.ac.uk ref By 1980, smallpox was certified as being eradicated from the world. It occurred during the World Health Organization s smallpox eradication program, and was important to the project because Indians considered smallpox to be a routine fact of life. ref name book http 66.114.0.13 9797 MuseSessionID fbf63e29d71375bdc553d2a9ba578ecd MuseHost www.worldbookonline.com MusePath student printmedia?id bt175097 ref Donald Henderson , who was a U.S. Public Health Services Officer stationed in New Delhi, said that If this interest and concern about ending smallpox can be maintained for the next few months, it s all over. We don t think we re overconfident, but everything looks good. By June of 1975, we hope we ll be finished with smallpox in Asia. ref name book References references DEFAULTSORT 1974 Smallpox Epidemic In India Category Smallpox Category 1974 in India Smallpox Epidemic In India, 1974 Category Epidemics in India Category Disasters in Bihar Category 1974 health disasters Disaster stub infectious disease stub india hist stub ... more details
Image Smallpox PHIL 2003 lores.jpg thumb Patient with smallpox, Kosovo, Yugoslavia epidemic, March and April 1972. The 1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia was the last major outbreak of smallpox in Europe ... of Yugoslavia . A Muslim pilgrim had contracted the smallpox virus in the Middle East. Upon returning ... Variola Vera is based on the event. Background By 1972, vaccination for smallpox had long been widely ... had been regularly vaccinated against smallpox for 50 years, and the last case was reported in 1930 ..., where smallpox was endemic, to Mashhad in Iran, triggering a massive epidemic of smallpox in Iran that would last until September 1972. By late 1971, smallpox infected devotees on pilgrimage had carried the smallpox from Iran into Syria and Iraq. The outbreak In early 1972, a 38 year old Kosovo Albanian ... pilgrimage to Mecca . He also visited holy sites in Iraq , where there were known cases of smallpox ... smallpox is a virus, so this was ineffective . His condition didn t improve, and after a couple ... form of smallpox. Before his death, Musa directly infected 38 people including nine doctors and nurses , eight of whom would consequently die. A few days after Musa s death, a wave of 140 smallpox ... were held under guard by the army. Musa s brother developed a smallpox rash on March 20, resulting in medical authorities realising that Musa had died of smallpox. The authorities undertook a massive ... population of 18 million people was vaccinated. Leading experts on smallpox were flown in to help ... life. During the epidemic, 175 people contracted smallpox and 35 of them died. Legacy The Yugoslav ... in the eradication of smallpox. In 1982, Serbian director Goran Markovi film director Goran Markovi .... In 2002, the BBC screened a television drama called Smallpox 2002 , which was partly inspired by the events ... with the smallpox virus. February 16 Hoti feels unwell. February 21 Latif Musa, a thirty year ... contagious form of smallpox. Between March 3 and March 9 Musa is misdiagnosed and moved to hospitals ... more details
The smallpox epidemic that ravaged the people of the Great Plains in 1837 and 1838 was believed to have begun in spring of 1837 when a deckhand became ill aboard an American Fur Company steamboat , the S.S. St. Peter . ref name Garneau Garneau ref History The steamboat traveling up the Missouri River to Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Fort Union from St. Louis, docked at Fort Clark, North Dakota Fort Clark near the two earth lodge villages of the Mandan people on June 18, 1837. The disease spread to the Mandan people. ref name ReferenceA S.S. St. Peter s & the 1837 Small Pox Epidemic ref In July 1837, the Mandan numbered no more than 2,000 by October that number had dwindled to 138. On August 11, Francis Chadron, a trader at Fort Clark, wrote, I Keep no a c of the dead, as they die so fast it is impossible. ref name Calloway, p.265 Calloway, p.265 ref By the time the S.S. St. Peter made it to Fort Union several deck hands had died, but only Jacob Halsey, an American Fur Company clerk, showed visible signs of the disease. In an attempt to stop the spread of the disease fort personnel performed primitive inoculation s. Pus from Halsey s skin eruptions was used to inoculate approximately thirty Native American women and several white men living in or around the fort. Within two weeks, the women who received the inoculations began dying from the disease. ref name ReferenceA As the disease reached a peak at Fort Union bands of Native Americans continued to arrive at the fort ... blankets that had been exposed to smallpox, and reported Professor Churchill therefore misrepresents ... s interpretation of the historical evidence, and believe no deliberate introduction of smallpox ... home.att.net mman StPetersSmallPox.htm SmallPox home.att.net deadlink date August 2011 DEFAULTSORT 1837 1838 Smallpox Epidemic Category Smallpox Category Epidemics Category 1830s in the United States Smallpox epidemic Category 1837 in the United States Category 1838 in the United States Category 19th ... more details
Elizabeth A. title Pox Americana The Great Smallpox Epidemic of 1775 82 year 2001 publisher Hill and Wang ..., MB BS and C. Stuart Houston, MD title Smallpox its control in Canada url http www.cmaj.ca cgi content ... American Smallpox Epidemic Category Smallpox Category Epidemics Category American Revolutionary War ... more details
Black pox is a symptom of smallpox that is caused by bleeding under the skin which makes the skin look char red or black. It was more common in teenagers. This symptom usually indicates that a patient with smallpox is going to death die . A Physician doctor who encountered black pox stated that Doctors separate black pox into two forms&mdash flat smallpox and Hemorrhage hemorrhagic smallpox. In a case of flat smallpox, the skin remains smooth and doesn t pustulate , but it darkens until it looks charred, and it can slip or fall off the body in sheets, sometimes all of it, causing instant death, though that is very rare. In hemorrhagic smallpox, black, clot unclotted blood oozes or runs from the mouth and other body orifice s. Black pox is close to one hundred percent wiktionary fatal fatal . If any sign of it appears in the body, the victim will almost certainly die. In the hemorrhagic cases, the virus destroys the linings of the throat , the stomach , the intestines , the rectum , and the vagina , and these mucous membrane membrane s disintegrate. Fatal smallpox can destroy the body s entire skin &mdash both the exterior skin and the interior skin that lines the passages of the body. ref Richard Preston, http cryptome.org smallpox wmd.htm The Demon in the Freezer , The New Yorker, July 12, 1999, pp. 44 61. ref See also Smallpox Thrombocytopenia Orthopoxvirus References reflist Category Symptoms and signs Skin and subcutaneous tissue Category Smallpox disease stub ... more details
Variola may refer to Variola caprina , the virus that causes goatpox Variola major, the virus that causes smallpox Variola minor, the virus that causes a variant of smallpox Variola porcina, the virus that causes swinepox Variola Serranidae , a genus of fish Variola Vera , a 1982 Serbian film disambig de Variola it Variola ... more details
Jesty may refer to Benjamin Jesty 1736 1816 , farmer who experimented with cowpox to immunise against smallpox Trevor Jesty 1948 , cricketer Thomas Jesty 1991 , chorister surname ... more details
Ali Maow Maalin is the last person on earth known to be infected with naturally occurring Variola minor smallpox . At age 23, Maalin was a cook at the hospital in the town of Merca , Somalia , as well as an occasional vaccinator for a World Health Organization smallpox eradication team. Maalin had been given the smallpox vaccine , though later, it was found to have been botched, and therefore, unsuccessful. ref http www.pbs.org wgbh rxforsurvival series video c wil dis smallpox2 qt h.html ref In October 1977, he went out to meet two children with smallpox symptoms being brought in from an outlying village. On 26 October 1977, he was diagnosed with an infection of alastrim , the Variola minor strain of smallpox. This necessitated a concerted effort by the World Health Organization to ensure that his case, the last on earth, would not spread further. He subsequently recovered fully. Maalin volunteered in the successful effort to eradicate polio in Somalia in 2008. ref http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world africa 7312603.stm War torn Somalia eradicates polio , BBC News , 25 March 2008 ref See also Rahima Banu Janet Parker Notes and references Reflist External links http www.historyofvaccines.org content articles smallpox History of Vaccines website Smallpox , published by the College of Physicians of Philadelphia http www.pbs.org wgbh rxforsurvival series video d sma1 dis smallpox2.html The End of Smallpox Part II The Last Case , PBS Rx for Survival, streaming video Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Maalin, Ali Maow ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1954 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Maalin, Ali Maow Category Living people Category 1954 births Category Ethnic Somali people Category Smallpox Somalia bio stub ... more details
unreferenced date December 2008 In Dahomey mythology , Shakpana or Sopono, Sakpata is the divinity of smallpox. He inflicted insanity and disease on humans . The equivalent in Yoruba mythology is Sopona , and in Orisha , Babalu Aye . Category Yoruba gods Category Dahomey gods Category Health gods Category African mythology Category Smallpox deities Africa myth stub es Sakpata pt Sakpata ... more details
Dryvax is a freeze dried calf lymph smallpox vaccine . It is the world s oldest smallpox vaccine, created in the late 19th century by American Home Products, a predecessor of Wyeth . By the 1940s, Wyeth was the leading United States US manufacturer of the vaccine and the only manufacturer by the 1960s. After world health authorities declared smallpox had been eradicated from nature in 1980, Wyeth stopped making the vaccine. ref name APnews cite web url http hosted.ap.org dynamic stories S SMALLPOX VACCINE?SITE NMALJ&SECTION HOME&TEMPLATE DEFAULT&CTIME 2008 02 29 18 22 12 title CDC to Destroy Oldest Smallpox Vaccine accessdate 2008 03 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref File Dryvax.jpg left thumb The smallpox vaccine diluent in a syringe along side a vial of Dryvax dried smallpox vaccine. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC kept a stockpile of the drug to use in case of emergency. In 2003 this supply helped contain an outbreak of monkeypox in the United States. In February 2008 the CDC disposed of the last of its 12 million doses of Dryvax. Its supply is being replaced by ACAM2000 , a more modern product manufactured in laboratories by Acambis, now a division of Sanofi Pasteur . ref name APnews ref http clinicaltrials.gov ct2 show NCT00927719 Safety Surveillance Study of ACAM2000 Vaccinia Vaccine Full Text View ClinicalTrials.gov Bot generated title ref Dryvax is a live virus preparation of vaccinia prepared from calf lymph. Trace amounts of the following antibiotics added during processing may be present neomycin sulfate , chlortetracycline hydrochloride , polymyxin B sulfate, and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate . ref Wyeth package insert U.S. Food and Drug administration ref The vaccine is effective, providing successful immunogenicity in about 95 of vaccinated persons. Dryvax has serious adverse side effects in about 1 to 2 of cases. ref cite journal author Metzger W, Mordmueller BG title Vaccines for preventing smallpox journal Cochrane Database ... more details
wiktionarypar pockmark Pockmark may refer to acne scarring &mdash resulting from acne or infections such as chicken pox the scarring of smallpox Pockmark geology &mdash a geological formation See also Pimple disambig pt Pockmark ... more details
Ben Rubin or Benjamin Rubin is the name of Ben Rubin legislator , Wisconsin Socialist and Progressive state legislator from Milwaukee Ben Rubin Magic The Gathering player Benjamin Rubin , microbiologist and inventor of the bifurcated vaccination needle for smallpox disambig ... more details
Italic title The Demon in the Freezer is a 2002 non fiction book on the biological weapon agents smallpox ... to them. The book is primarily an account of the Smallpox Eradication Smallpox Eradication Program 1967 80 , the ongoing perception by the U.S. government that smallpox is still a potential bioterrorism agent, and the controversy over whether or not the remaining samples of smallpox virus in Atlanta ... , both in 2001 and so much of the book interweaves the anthrax investigation with the smallpox ... the anthrax attacks on Sen. Tom Daschle s office in October 2001, he flashes back to a 1970s smallpox ... retelling of the smallpox eradication campaign, one of the greatest feats in the history ... book about smallpox Review in Entertainment Weekly , Monday, October 7, 2002. ref and somewhat ... why 9 11 and the subsequent anthrax events were in a book primarily devoted to smallpox. The author ... Demon , looks back to an outbreak of smallpox at St Walburga Hospital in Meschede Meschede, Germany ... the variety and evolution of poxviruses and the history of smallpox in particular. The story of the SEP Smallpox Eradication Program, referred to throughout as the Eradication , led by DA Henderson and others ... to join the SEP and go eradicate smallpox . Brilliant ended up fighting the outbreak at the Tatanagar ... their genetically modified , antibiotic resistant plague and their smallpox program at the site ... had armed ICBM s with both Plague disease plague and smallpox is revealed. Various biological ... of the remaining samples of smallpox in the last two official repositories. DA Henderson has ... that further research is needed since smallpox almost certainly exists he believes outside of the repositories ... it, is described. The efforts of USAMRIID scientists to get approval to do smallpox research ... with smallpox. The development of a lethal, genetically engineered mousepox virus the Jackson Ramshaw virus and its implications for bioterrorism are described. Finally, the awakening of the smallpox ... more details
, searching for smallpox cases, and performing containment and vaccination strategies. She ... regional office. ref Henderson, D.A. Smallpox The Death of a Disease , New York Prometheus Books, 2009. ref In 1977, the last case of smallpox was in reported in Somalia . The smallpox eradication campaign had come to a successful conclusion Later work After working on smallpox eradication with people ... more details
Killer Smallpox in History, March 5, 2003, Wear 289 9 1171 format work accessdate 2010 02 10 ref Shakpana ... author Hopkins DR title The Greatest Killer Smallpox in history edition publisher University of Chicago Press year 2002 isbn 0 226 35168 8 Originally published as Princes and Peasants Smallpox in History ... German Orisa If Category Yoruba deities Category Yoruba gods Category Health gods Category Smallpox ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Alastrim Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 B03 ICD9 ICD9 050.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D012899 Alastrim , also known as variola minor , is the milder strain of the variola virus that causes smallpox . Variola minor is of the genus orthopoxvirus , which are DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of the affected cell, rather than in its cell nucleus nucleus . Like variola major, alastrim is spread through inhalation of the virus in the air, which can occur through face to face contact or through fomites . Contagion with variola minor confers immunity against its more dangerous form, variola major. Variola minor is a less common form of the virus, and much less deadly. Although alastrim has the same incubation period and pathogenetic stages as smallpox, alastrim is believed to have a mortality rate of less than 1 , as compared to smallpox s 30 . Because alastrim is a less debilitating disease than smallpox, patients are more frequently ambulant and thus able to infect others more rapidly. As such, variola minor swept through the USA, Great Britain, and South Africa in the early 20th century, becoming the dominant form of the disease in those areas and thus rapidly decreasing mortality rates. Other names for alastrim include white pox, kaffir pox, Cuban itch, West Indian pox, milk pox, and pseudovariola. Like smallpox, Alastrim has now been totally eradicated from the globe thanks to the 1960s Global Smallpox Eradication campaign. The last case of indigenous variola minor was reported in a Somalian cook, Ali Maow Maalin , in October 1977, and smallpox was officially declared eradicated worldwide in May 1980. Viral cutaneous conditions Category Viral diseases it Alastrim ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2008 Notability date June 2008 Code Orange ISBN 0385732597, 2005 is a young adult novel by Caroline B. Cooney . It is about a teen boy who lives in New York City by the name of Mitchell Mitty Blake who is care free, and does not worry much about his grades or school. His biology teacher Mr. Lynch assigns a report on an infectious disease. Mitty has no idea what virus he should research, but when his parents take him to their home in the countryside of Connecticut and he finds old medical books from 1902, Boston, he discovers something that will change his life forever. He finds an old envelope containing scabs from Variola major a severe form of smallpox from an epidemic in 1902. He inhales dust from one of the scabs which have crumbled as he handles them, without knowing it. In the next chapter he finds out that he has lost one of the scabs that he was going to use as part of his project to improve his grade. Through the course of the book he begins to think that he has actually acquired smallpox and has the symptoms, which leads to him posting questions online about smallpox. Consequently this interests the wrong sort of people and he is kidnapped, after attempting suicide to make sure he doesn t start the smallpox epidemic all over again, by terrorists who want the precious scabs to infect the U.S. He then fakes the symptoms of smallpox to bring the terrorists to his room so he can trap them. In the end, Mitty is rescued, and finds out that he does not have smallpox, but must be put in the hospital after the injuries he suffers from the assault his kidnappers placed upon him like his broken jaw. But everything works out all right and at the end of the book the author implies that Mitty and his close friend Olivia will get together and be a couple. DEFAULTSORT Code Orange Category American young adult novels Category 2005 novels Category Novels set in New York City 2000s ya novel ... more details
ACAM2000 is a smallpox vaccine developed by http www.acambis.com Acambis . It was approved for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration United States U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDA on 31 August 2007. It contains live vaccinia virus, cloned from the same strain used in an earlier vaccine , Dryvax . While the DryVax virus was cultured in the skin of calves and freeze dried, ACAM2000 s virus is cultured in kidney epithelial cells Vero cell s from an African green monkey . Efficacy and adverse reaction incidence are similar to DryVax. ref cite journal author Metzger W, Mordmueller BG title Vaccines for preventing smallpox journal Cochrane Database Syst Rev issue 3 pages CD004913 year 2007 doi 10.1002 14651858.CD004913.pub2 pmid 17636779 ref The vaccine is not routinely available to the US public it is, however, used in the military and maintained in the Strategic National Stockpile . ref FDA CBER Questions and Answers Medication Guide accessed 1 March 2008. ref References references External links http www.fda.gov BiologicsBloodVaccines Vaccines QuestionsaboutVaccines ucm078041.htm FDA CBER ACAM2000 Questions and Answers http www.usamma.army.mil assets docs acam2000LB.pdf Package Insert http www.bt.cdc.gov agent smallpox vaccination pdf ACAM2000MedicationGuide 31Aug2007.pdf Medication Guide Use dmy dates date November 2010 Category Vaccines Category Smallpox Med stub ... more details
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