nofootnotes date April 2010 Marxism Sociallynecessarylabourtime in Marx s critique of political economy ... is oversupplied, then labourtime was expended in excess of what was sociallynecessary. If the market for a commodity is under supplied, nearly all the labourtime expended on its production is sociallynecessary. The simplest definition of sociallynecessarylabourtime is the amount of labourtime ... of labourtimesociallynecessary to produce the appropriate amount of the product, i.e. the amount ... between people organised into a society. Sociallynecessarylabourtime encapsulates this essential relatedness of value it is labourtime assessed in relation to social needs, not merely labour ... has been criticised strongly for adding the sociallynecessary qualification to labourtime by the libertarian ... labourtime currently sociallynecessary and a substance theory of value embodied labourtime . Marx ... by sociallynecessarylabourtime mathematically is admittedly a difficult exercise if not probably ... 1, Introduction video Note The concept of sociallynecessarylabourtime is discussed on the OPE ... necessarylabourtime . The excess hours worked by the unskilled worker do not produce social value ... contents. However, it ought to be said that by sociallynecessarylabour Marx refers specifically to the total labourtime which on average is currently required to produce an output. It is this current ... their control. But they can always try to reduce their labour costs. Sociallynecessarylabour therefore ... or aliquot part of society s labourtime. Marx did not define this concept in mathematically exact terms, and he suggests it may be interpreted in various ways, because it connects average levels of labour ... of the law of value If producers produce products below the socially average labour cost for those .... The long run effect is that it takes less and less labourtime to produce a product. Enterprises ... in their attempt to economise on labour. Unlike individual labour hours in the classical labour theory ... more details
wiktionarypar necessary necessity Necessary or necessity may refer to Need An action somebody may feel they must do An important task or essential thing to do at a particular time or by a particular moment Necessary and sufficient condition , in logic, something that is a required condition for something else to be the case Necessary truth , in logic, something that cannot fail to be true Necessity , in criminal law A bathroom or toilet , in some languages in English this is an archaic usage An economic need enunciated by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his 1944 Second Bill of Rights A necessity in contract law Necessary Records , UK record label See also lookfrom intitle lookfrom necessity intitle necessity Bare Necessities disambiguation disambig ru ... more details
The International Labour Organization Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention Convention No. 182 calls for time bound programmes for the eradication of the worst forms of child labour . Countries ratifying this Convention must take immediate and effective measures to secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour WFCL as a matter of urgency. Time bound measures Time bound measures to address this issue will attempt to Prevent the engagement of children in the worst forms of child labour . Provide direct assistance for the removal of children from the worst forms of child labour and for their rehabilitation and social integration. Ensure access to free basic education and appropriate vocational training for all children removed from the worst forms of child labour. Identify .... ref iloconv Time bound programmes The Time Bound Programme TBP approach constitutes one of the means put in place by the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour IPEC to assist countries ... and a defined time frame, aimed at preventing and eliminating a country s WFCL. They emphasize the need to address the root causes of child labour, linking action for the latter s elimination to national development policy, macro economic trends and strategies, and demographic and labour market processes ... universal basic education and social mobilization. The TBP s time horizon is set in accordance ... forms of child labour , the TBP approach represents a logical progression of IPEC s work to date ... impact on the WFCL. ref ipecsite See also Southern Africa Child labour in Botswana Botswana , Child labour in Lesotho Lesotho , Child labour in Namibia Namibia , Child Labour Programme of Action South Africa South Africa , Child labour in Swaziland Swaziland Programme Towards the Elimination of the worst forms of Child Labour TECL References note iloconv International Labour Organization ILO Convention ... TBP, Tanzania Category International Labour Organization Category Child labour ... more details
Infobox Single Name NECESSARY Cover ELT Necessary.jpg Artist Every Little Thing band Every Little Thing from Album Every Best Single 3 Released September 30, 1998 Format CD single Recorded Genre J pop Length 03 47 Necessary only Label AVEX Records avex trax Writer Mitsuru Igarashi Producer Last single Forever Yours song Forever Yours br 1998 This single Necessary br 1998 Next single Over and Over Every Little Thing song Over and Over br 1999 Necessary is a song by Japan ese j pop group Every Little Thing band Every Little Thing , released as their tenth single on September 30, 1998. Track listing NecessaryNecessary D Ambrosio Club Mix Necessary Instrumental Chart positions class wikitable align left Chart 1998 align center Peak br position align center Time in br chart align left Japan Oricon align center 2 align 8 weeks External links http avexnet.jp item every disc product AVDD 20260.html NECESSARY information at AVEX Records Avex Network . http www.oricon.co.jp music release d 46133 1 NECESSARY information at Oricon . Category 1998 singles Category Every Little Thing songs Category Songs written by Mitsuru Igarashi 1990s single stub gl Necessary ja NECESSARY ... more details
conducted during curriculum time. Ask Not The Necessary Stage In Singapore Theatre , a collection of essays ...The Necessary Stage is a non profit theatre company with charity status in Singapore . Formed in 1987 by current Artistic Director Alvin Tan , The Necessary Stage has been identified as one of the Major ... at the Marine Parade Community Building . Main season For its main season, The Necessary Stage ... People 2007 Gemuk Girls 2008 Can Change 2010 Model Citizens 2010 Balek Kampong 2011 The Necessary ... Performing Arts Centre . In June 2006, The Necessary Stage presented Mobile , a creative collaboration .... 2007 sees The Necessary Stage celebrating its 20th anniversary. As part of its celebration, the company ..., a brand new work to be premiered in November at The Necessary Stage Black Box. The Necessary ... from 2007 onwards. In November 2007, The Necessary Stage presented another a brand new play ... Theatre Awards and won the Best Original Script award. In October November 2008, The Necessary Stage ... of the ex political detainee at the 2009 Life Theatre Awards. The Necessary Stage s most recent works ... main season in 2011 International work The Necessary Stage is committed to international exchange and networking ... culminated in a production in 2005. The Necessary Stage s Resident Playwright Haresh Sharma was one ... plays by Thai and Japanese playwrights. Lizard , originally presented by The Necessary Stage in 1996 ... and January 2011 respectively. The Necessary Stage is also committed to exploring international collaborations ... responsible for the successful Marine Parade Theatre Festival 2000 , FamFest 2001 , The Necessary ... of The Necessary Stage, and a backstage tour to show students the different processes that go on behind each production. In September 2008, The Necessary Stage collaborated once again with Esplanade .... Starting in 2008, The Necessary Stage has been working with senior citizens in a 3 year ... artists. Based on a different theme every year and curated by The Necessary Stage, the festival ... more details
Necessary Noize is a Kenyan hip hop music hip hop group. Origins and Original Members It was originally composed of female MC singer Nazizi Hirji, singer Kevin Wyre and rapper Bamzigi, though Bamzigi later left due to personal and label disputes. The group was formed in October 2000 and released their self titled debut album in 2000 under Audio Vault Studios now Blu Zebra . This contained the hits Clang Clang, and La Di Da. Growth They steadily grew in popularity and were later to release a second album Necessary Noize II Kenyan Gal, Kenyan Boy in 2004 which included popular regional hits such as Kenyan Gal, Kenyan Boy and Bless My Room . Although mainly hip hop based, the group also does some reggae and R&B tracks. They are appreciated for their socially conscious lyrics that deal with issues affecting youth such as AIDS , drugs and politics . Collaborations Together with Ugandan ragga musician Bebe Cool , they have released music under the name East Africa Bashment Crew . The group is nominated at the MTV Africa Music Awards 2008 inaugural 2008 MTV Africa Music Awards ref Museke http museke.com node 2230 MTV Africa Music Awards 2008 ref . Necessary Noize has also collaborated with the Tanzania n hip hop group Gangwe Mobb with Tunajirusha hit. Guest on their debut album include Mizchif from Zimbabwe , Jerry Doobiez of K South and Nyota Ndogo ref http www.discogs.com release 1482246 Discogs Necessary Noize ref . Nazizi and Wyre also have done solo productions, before and during the existence of the group. Awards Won 2004 Kisima Music Awards Best Group & Best Music Video Kenyan Gal Boy and Best Ragga Group. 2004 Chaguo La Teeniez Awards ref The Standard, Pulse Magazine, December ... 3a35 AM&firstName Kevin&lastName Wyre It s been a good year for Necessary Noize ref 2006 Pearl of Africa ... PAM Awards 2006 Winners ref Nominated 2005 Tanzania Music Awards Best East African Album Necessary ... article.jhtml?backLink profiles&id 30119466 MTV Base Africa Profile Necessary Noize http mtvbase.com ... more details
Necessary Roughness may refer to Necessary Roughness film Necessary Roughness film 1991 , starring Scott Bakula and Sinbad Necessary Roughness book Necessary Roughness book 1996 , by author Marie G. Lee Necessary Roughness album Necessary Roughness album 1997 , released by The Lady of Rage Necessary Roughness TV series Necessary Roughness TV series 2011 , a USA Network show starring Callie Thorne disambig de Necessary Roughness ru ... more details
Necessary Evil may refer to The lesser in the Lesser of two evils principle Necessary Evil aircraft Necessary Evil aircraft , a B 29 Superfortress used in the 1945 atomic bomb attack on Hiroshima Necessary Evil Clothing , a brand of alternative and gothic clothing A Necessary Evil Stargate audio A Necessary Evil Stargate audio , a Stargate audiobook Necessary Evil , a role playing game campaign setting by Savage Worlds Necessary Evil , a comic published by Desperado Publishing Music Necessary Evil Deborah Harry album Necessary Evil Deborah Harry album , 2007 Necessary Evil Salem album Necessary Evil Salem album , 2007 Necessary Evil , a song by Armand Van Helden from 2 Future 4 U Necessary Evil , a song by Balance of Power from Heathen Machine Necessary Evil , a song by Body Count from Born Dead Necessary Evil , a song by The Dresden Dolls from Yes, Virginia... Necessary Evil , a song by Napalm Death from Enemy of the Music Business Television Necessary Evil Star Trek Deep Space Nine Necessary Evil Star Trek Deep Space Nine , a 1993 episode of Star Trek Deep Space Nine A Necessary Evil In the Heat of the Night A Necessary Evil In the Heat of the Night , an episode of In the Heat of the Night A Necessary Evil , an List of Xena Warrior Princess episodes Season 2 1996 1997 episode of Xena Warrior Princess Necessary Evil film Necessary Evil film 2008 disambiguation ... more details
refimprove date July 2009 Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Very Necessary Type Album Artist Salt n Pepa Cover Salt N Pepa Very Necessary album cover .jpg Released October 12, 1993 Recorded 1993 Genre Hip hop music Hip hop Length 58 44 Label Next Plateau Records br London Records London Producer Hurby Azor Herby Luvbug Azor Salt n Pepa Last album Blacks Magic br 1990 This album Very Necessary br 1993 Next album Brand New Salt n Pepa album Brand New br 1997 Album reviews rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4.0 5 ref Allmusic class album id r188423 tab review label Salt N Pepa Very Necessary Review first Jason last Birchmeier accessdate date 2011 08 29 ref rev2 Robert Christgau rev2Score Rating Christgau hm3 ref cite web url http www.robertchristgau.com get album.php?id 3089 title Salt N Pepa Very Necessary first Robert last Christgau publisher robertchristgau.com accessdate date 2011 08 29 ref Very Necessary is the title of the fourth studio album by rap hip hop group Salt n Pepa Released in 1993 in music 1993 , the album went on to become the most successful rap album by a female act. It was produced by Cheryl James Salt , Sandy Denton Pepa , DJ Spinderella Dee Dee Diedra Roper Spinderella , and Hurby Azor . It resulted in several Billboard magazine Billboard hits for the female hip hop trio, including Shoop their first top 5 pop hit, peaking at 4 , Whatta Man featuring En Vogue their biggest hit at 3 , and None of Your Business , a top 40 hit which would win them their first Grammy Award . Very Necessary peaked at number four on the US Billboard Top 200 Albums Chart, and has been certified 5 times platinum by the RIAA for sales in excess of five million copies in the US. The album sold an additional two million copies internationally, for total sales of seven ... Sexy Noises Turn Me On Hurby Azor 3 54 Somma Time Man Cheryl James, David Wynn 3 25 Break of Dawn ... albums it Very Necessary pt Very Necessary ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Necessary Response image caption image size background solo singer origin Los Angeles , California instrument genre Electro, Futurepop occupation years active 2000 &ndash present label Out of Line Records Europe br Bractune Records USA associated acts website http www.myspace.com necessaryresponse Official MySpace current members Daniel Graves past members notable instruments Necessary Response is an Electronic music electronic musical project created by Daniel Graves . According to Graves, the songs were produced from tracks which did not fit into the format of his other project, Aesthetic Perfection . File NecessaryResponse1.jpg thumb left Necessary Response in Salt Lake City, UT, 2008, supporting De Vision. Beginning in early 2005, a forum thread on side line.com even featured a short debate on the identity of band members spurred by fan interest in the band. Previously, Machineries of Joy Vol. 3 , a compilation from industrial EBM label Out of Line , was released containing the track Forever. At the time, there were no online sources which could provide information on the band. Fans on the side line.com forum expressed ... to create more interest in it, Graves created a MySpace account for Necessary Response using a false identity and location. Claiming to be from Southern Sweden, Graves was able to, for a time, keep ... the project. File NecessaryResponse2.jpg thumb right Necessary Response in Salt Lake City, UT, 2008 ... the Wound was released, and in February 2008, Necessary Response toured the U.S. promoting the album and supporting synthpop act De Vision . On April 22, 2009, Daniel Graves posted a blog on the Necessary ... . That same year, Necessary Response performed their final concert at the Kinetik Festival in Montreal ... Lucifer Purgatory CD Single Lucifer Necessary Response Remix Blutengel Out of Line 2007 Durch Fremde ... OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category American electronic musicians ru Necessary Response ... more details
of CCTV publisher Charts.us accessdate 10 February 2012 ref The band s second album, Once Upon a Time in the West album Once Upon a Time in the West , released by Necessary Atlantic, also reached 1 ...infobox record label name Necessary Records image Image NecessaryRecordsLogo.JPG image bg parent founded 2 September 2002 founder Warren J. Clarke status Active genre Rock music rock country United Kingdom location London url http www.necessaryrecords.com Necessary Records Necessary Records is a record label based in the UK, founded by Warren Clarke, a former Artists and repertoire A&R executive at London Records and Edel AG Edel , in 2003. ref name Sexton cite web url http books.google.com books?id lhQEAAAAMBAJ&pg PA36&dq 22Necessary Records 22 22Warren Clarke 22&hl en&sa X&ei x3QwT HZGcTo0QHW8IHHCg&ved 0CDYQ6AEwAQ v onepage&q 22Necessary 20Records 22 20 22Warren 20Clarke 22&f false title UK finds Hard Fi hard to beat last Sexton first Paul date 6 August 2005 work Billboard magazine Billboard publisher Prometheus Global Media page 36 accessdate 7 February 2012 ref Clarke describes that the label was born out of a creative necessity. It s an outlet for records that should and must be heard. An outlet for artists that deserve to and will, touch the widest possible audience. ref Cite web url http www.necessaryrecords.com whynecessary.php title Why Necessary? publisher Necessary Records accessdate 10 February 2012 ref It is most notable for being the record label of English indie rock band Hard Fi ref Cite web url http www.bbc.co.uk norfolk content articles 2005 10 19 music feature ..., Once Upon a Time in the West publisher Guardian News and Media work The Guardian date 31 August 2007 ... by Necessary Atlantic went to 9 on the UK album charts. ref Cite web url http acharts.us album 65085 title Hard fi Killer Sounds publisher Charts.us accessdate 21 March 2012 ref Necessary also have a publishing ref Cite web url http bizzy.co.uk uk 07153023 necessary music publishing title Necessary ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Necessary Angels Cover Sara Hickman Necessary Angels.jpg Type Album Artist Sara Hickman Released 1994 Recorded Congrss House, Houston, TX , br Arlyn s, Austin, TX , br Bearsville Studios, Bearsville, NY Genre Folk music Folk Pop music Pop Length 55 48 Label Discovery Records Discovery Producer Sara Hickman , Paul Fox , Mark Hallman Reviews Allmusic Rating 4.5 5 Allmusic class album id r202355 review pure url yes link Last album Sara Hickman album Sara Hickman br 1993 This album Necessary Angels br 1994 Next album Misfits Sara Hickman album Misfits br 1997 Necessary Angels is the fourth album by United States American singer songwriter Sara Hickman , released in 1994. see 1994 in music . After Hickman was dropped by her label Elektra Records , her fans pitched in to allow her to buy back the unreleased tapes that made up the album. Track listing Pursuit of Happiness Hickman 4 55 Shadowboxing Hickman 4 24 The Best of Times Hickman 4 41 Sister and Sam Hickman 5 33 Time Will Tell Hickman 1 59 Eye of the Storm Hickman 6 15 Oh, Daddy Hickman, David Batteau 4 24 Room of One s Own Hickman, Gerald O Brien 5 26 Tiger in a Teacup Town Hickman 4 32 Slippery Hickman 4 10 Joy Hickman 5 23 The Place Where the Garage Used to Stand Hickman 4 06 Personnel Sara Hickman Steel string guitar acoustic guitar , flute , guitar , percussion instrument percussion , electric guitar , Singing vocals , background vocals, choir, harmony vocals Amy Atchley choir David Batteau guitar, background vocals Adrian Belew acoustic guitar, guitar, mandolin , calliope music calliope , electric guitar, background vocals Jim Cocke organ music organ , keyboard instrument keyboards Mike Daane bass guitar bass Carl Finch accordion Glenn Fukunaga bass Rafael Gayol Drum kit drums Mark Hallman percussion, background vocals, choir, shaker, tambo drums Ethridge Hill trumpet Bradley Kopp electric guitar Danny Levin cello Tony Levin bass Mitch Marine drums Jerry Marotta ... more details
Rome episode title A Necessary Fiction image Image Romenecfiction.jpg 320px caption Pullo prays for Eirene and their child. season 2 2007 episode 20 air date 11 March 2007 HBO br 15 July 2007 BBC writer Todd Ellis Kessler director Carl Franklin setting Rome time frame 39 BC link http www.hbo.com rome episode season2 episode20.html HBO summary prev Death Mask Rome Death Mask next Deus Impeditio Esuritori Nullus No God Can Stop a Hungry Man A Necessary Fiction is the eighth episode of the second season of the television series Rome TV series Rome . The air date is March 11, 2007. Plot summary Prince Herod the Great Herod has shipped in a secret consignment of gold for the Triumvirate, and Octavian instructs Lucius Vorenus Rome character Lucius Vorenus to oversee its safe passage discreetly into Rome. Vorenus delegates the task to Titus Pullo Rome character Titus Pullo , who is known and trusted by both Octavian and Mark Antony , much to the ire of Vorenus third man, Mascius character of Rome Mascius . However, Gaia character of Rome Gaia poisons Eirene character of Rome Eirene s tea, causing Eirene to die in childbirth with a stillborn baby boy. Pullo is incapacitated with grief so Mascius takes over the operation. An ambush results in the theft of the gold and the near death of Mascius. As accusations fly, Maecenas is convinced that Antony and Posca are the culprits. He had earlier plotted with Posca to steal a portion of the gold for themselves, but now believes that he has been double crossed. He exacts his revenge by revealing to Octavian that sexual relations still exist .... Antony leaves for Egypt after promising Atia that he will call for her when the time is right ... their men. External links http www.imdb.com title tt0901364 A Necessary Fiction at the Internet Movie Database http www.tv.com rome a necessary fiction episode 961805 summary.html TV.com summary http www.hbo.com rome episode season2 episode20.html HBO summary Rome TV Series DEFAULTSORT Necessary ... more details
orphan date December 2009 Autobiography date September 2011 infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Necessary Heartbreak title orig translator image Image NecessaryHeartbreakBF.JPG 200px image caption author M.J. Sullivan illustrator cover artist country United States language English language English series genre Novel publisher iUniverse release date 29 September 2008 english release date media type Print Hardcover pages 160 pp first edition, hardcover isbn ISBN 978 0595506408 first edition, hardcover oclc 276934676 Necessary Heartbreak , the first book in the When Time Forgets series, is a Fall 2008 book from author M.J. Sullivan and editor Jenn Kujawski. Screenwriter Sam Hamm encouraged the publication of this work in the series. Plot summary Michael Stewart is a single dad in modern day New York struggling to raise his feisty 13 year old daughter, Elizabeth. Feeling beaten down by life, he shuts out new relationships but fate, or perhaps something more divine, has other plans. When they stumble upon a root cellar door in a church basement, they discover a portal leading back to first century Jerusalem during the tumultuous last week of Christ s life. There they encounter Leah, a grieving widow, and a menacing soldier, determined to take Elizabeth as his own. Trapped in the past both literally and figuratively Michael comes face to face with some of his most limiting beliefs, and realizes he must open himself up to the possibility of a deeper faith in God, people, himself, and love if he is to find his way home. Setting The main backdrop for the story is first century Jerusalem during the final week of Jesus life. Centered on an Israeli home, the actions of the main characters spotlight many historical and theological components of this ancient era. The primary domicile is a two story edifice encircled by a courtyard that is loosely based on archaeological findings. ref http www.fas.harvard.edu semitic ref The first floo ... more details
Infobox Film name Cruel But Necessary caption image Cruel But Necessary FilmPoster.jpeg director Saul Rubinek producer Elinor Reid writer Wendel Meldrum starring Wendel Meldrum br Mark Humphrey br Luke Humphrey music cinematography Steve Ackerman editing Chris Kern distributor Somerville House br Critical Mass released b June 7, 2005 br November 11, 2008 small DVD small b runtime 92 min country United States language English budget preceded by followed by Cruel But Necessary is a 2005 independent film directed by Canadian actor Film director director Saul Rubinek . Actress, Wendel Meldrum , took a turn as a screenwriter for this project. ref http www.canada.com cityguides vancouver story.html?id a3c8df11 b2c1 4f49 8cfd 1294e932ff76&k 68051 Canada.com Article by Glen Schaefer, The Province September 2007 ref Meldrum stars in the film as Betty Munson, a woman struggling to put her life back together after her marriage falls apart. Betty decides to secretly videotape family, friends, and others to help understand the truth of her life. Meldrum s own ex husband, Mark Humphrey , and son, Luke Humphrey , play her onscreen ex husband and son. Portions of Cruel But Necessary were posted on YouTube beginning in 2007. The film was released on DVD November 11, 2008. Cast Wendel Meldrum as Betty Munson br Mark Humphrey as Doug Munson br Luke Humphrey as Darwin Munson br Fred Goss as Chad br James O Connell as Teddy br Julie K. Payne Julie Payne as Pearl br Lisa Zane as Gynecologist Awards Outstanding Actress in a Female Role, Wendel Meldrum 2007 Winnipeg International Film Festival. ref ... References references DEFAULTSORT Cruel But Necessary Category Independent films Category 2005 films Category 2000s drama films External links http www.cruelbutnecessary.com Cruel But Necessary Official Site http www.youtube.com user bettymunson Cruel But Necessary Trailer on YouTube.com imdb title id 0418612 title Cruel But Necessary http www.variety.com review VE1117927439.html?categoryid 31 ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name A Necessary End title orig translator image Deleted image removed Image ANecessaryEnd.jpg 200px image caption author Peter Robinson novelist Peter Robinson cover artist country Canada language English language English series Inspector Alan Banks , 3 genre Crime novel publisher Macmillan Publishers Macmillan release date 1989 in literature 1989 media type Print Hardcover Hardback , Paperback pages isbn ISBN 0 330 49163 6 oclc 49906721 preceded by A Dedicated Man followed by The Hanging Valley A Necessary End is the third novel by crime writer Peter Robinson novelist Peter Robinson , published in 1989 and is third in the multi award winning Inspector Alan Banks series. Plot summary Eastvale isn t usually known for its violent demonstrations but an anti nuclear protest leaves one policeman stabbed to death and several injured. Superintendent Burgess is brought in from the Met to head up the investigation, and it s not for nothing that he s known as Dirty Dick . He saw terrorists around every corner even back in the eighties and his methods were brisk and to the point. They weren t entirely to Chief Inspector Banks liking but he was put in a difficult situation when he came to believe that the death of the policeman was personally rather than politically motivated. External links http www.inspectorbanks.com books a necessary end Dedicated page on author s website Alan Banks DEFAULTSORT Necessary End Category 1989 novels Category Novels by Peter Robinson Category Novels set in Yorkshire crime novel stub ... more details
Infobox book name Necessary Illusions Thought Control in Democratic Societies image File Necessary Illusions.jpg 186px author Noam Chomsky publisher South End Press , Pluto Press release date June 1989 media type Paperback pages 422 isbn 0 89608 366 7 dewey 302.2 3 19 congress P95.8 .C48 1989 oclc 19457706 Necessary Illusions Thought Control in Democratic Societies is a 1989 book by United States US academic Noam Chomsky concerning political power using propaganda to distort and distract from major issues to maintain confusion and complicity, preventing real democracy from becoming effective. The title of this book borrows a phrase from the writings of Reinhold Niebuhr . Nearly the entire first half of the book is based on Chomsky s five 1988 Massey Lectures on CBC Radio Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Radio from November 1988 and extends his and Edward S. Herman s propaganda model to a variety of new situations. The remaining appendices address criticisms of the work and provide additional detail. As a genre of political thought, parallels exist between Niebuhr s necessary illusions and the noble lies of Leo Strauss , public relations of Edward Bernays and myth making of Niccol Machiavelli . Likewise, Chomsky s analyses in Necessary Illusions represent a refocus on the use of these patterns of power, which he implies to underscore the failure of populations particularly in a representative democracy to learn from history in this regard. Contents blockquote Democracy and the Media blockquote blockquote Containing the Enemy blockquote blockquote The Bounds of the Expressible blockquote blockquote Adjuncts of Government blockquote blockquote The Utility of Interpretations blockquote Appendix I The Propaganda Model Some Methodological Considerations On Critical Balance Appendix II The Containment Doctrine The Red Scare Appendix III The Sanctity of Borders Appendix IV The Craft ... chomsky ni ni contents.html Necessary Illusions , full book wikiquote Noam Chomsky ... more details
Socially Responsible Business is a generally for profit venture that seeks to leverage business for a more just and Sustainability sustainable world . See also Conscious business Social Venture Network Category Social responsibility DEFAULTSORT Socially Responsible Business Business term stub ... more details
Image Labor Pearce Highsmith detail 1.jpeg thumb Detail from Labor , Charles Sprague Pearce 1896 . Wiktionary wikiquote Labor might refer to Employment Employment of any kind Manual labour , physical work done by people Wage labour , delivery of services by person for payment Additional labour & employment topics Child labour , the employment of children under an age determined by law or custom Debt bondage is a system of unfree labour where a person must work to pay off a debt Labor Day , national holiday in many countries Labour movement , the development of a collective organisation of working people Labour relations , the study of the relationship between management and workers Labour union , an association of wage earners meant to maintain or improve conditions of employment Labour Le Travail , an academic journal focusing on the Canadian labour movement. Unfree labour , slavery or penal labour Workforce , the labour pool, the people working in a company, industry, nation or other group Politics Labour Party , a political party in various countries Political economy Labour economics , the study of labour as one of the three main factors of production Geography Spanish customary units Labor unit of area Labor , an obsolete unit of area Josef Labor , a composer, pianist, organist, and teacher Labor, Slovenia Other Childbirth , especially from the start of uterine contractions to delivery disambig ar ay Irnaqawi az m k bat smg Darbs ca Treball economia cs D lo da Arbejde samfundsvidenskab de Arbeit Philosophie eo Laboro es Trabajo eu Lan ekonomia fr Labour homonymie fa fi Ty fr Travail fy Wurk he hu Munka it Lavoro ja kk ko lt Darbas nl Werken pl Praca dzia alno cz owieka pt Trabalho economia qu Ch amanaku ro Munc ru scn Travagghiu simple Labour sk Pr ca ekon mia sv Arbete tg uk uz Mehnat yi zh ... more details
Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers , for the purposes of USDA outreach and assistance, are defined under the 1990 farm bill P.L. 101 624 as members of a socially disadvantaged group, which is defined to mean those whose identity in a group has subjected them to racial or ethnic prejudice without regard to their individual identity. For the purposes of loan eligibility, Section 355 e of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act , as amended by P.L. 102 554, Sec. 21 b , adds gender to the definition of a socially disadvantaged group. 7 U.S.C. 2003 . References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach Category United States federal agriculture legislation ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 Socially responsible marketing is a marketing philosophy that states a company should take into consideration what is in the best interest of society in the present and long term. ref name armstrong Armstrong, Gary, and Philip Kotler. Principles of Marketing . 12th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc., 2008 ref Socially responsible companies should aspire to produce desirable products. Desirable products provide immediate satisfaction and long term benefits. ref name armstrong These products are sought by consumers for immediate gratification and also benefit society and consumers in the long term. An example of socially responsible marketing would be the advertising of alcoholic drink s when there are no rules or regulations. A beer company that decided to use socially responsible marketing would avoid advertising its products to minors. The company would focus its advertising around late night television programming or adult magazines that minors are less likely to read. Another example of socially responsible marketing is a mail order catalogue company using recycled paper to make its catalogues. Advertising this in the catalogue could help convince customers that the company is environmentally conscious and makes an effort to protect the environment. By appealing to this audience companies can differentiate themselves from competitors and potentially gain market share . References references Category Marketing marketing stub ... more details
. The modern era of socially responsible investing evolved during the political climate of the 1960s. During this time, socially concerned investors increasingly sought to address equality ... of sustainable investing Socially responsible investing SRI , also known as sustainable, socially ... return and social good . In general, socially responsible investors encourage Corporation corporate .... The term socially responsible investing sometimes narrowly refers to practices that seek to avoid ... investing . ref Bradley, Theresa http www.csmonitor.com Business new economy 2011 0924 Finally socially responsible investors can measure their impact Finally, socially responsible investors can measure their impact , September 24, 2011 ref Amy Domini , a prominent member of the socially responsible ... and community investing are pillars of socially responsible investing and that doing only negative ... The origins of socially responsible investing may date back to the Religious Society of Friends ... of the most well known applications of socially responsible investing were religiously motivated. Investors ... Breadbasket Project in Chicago, established the beginning model for socially responsible investing ... cite web title The Evolution of Socially Responsible Investing work url http www.enn.com today.html ... Socially Responsible Investing work url http invest faq.com articles strat sri.html accessdate ... Sharpeville massacre . In 1971, Reverend Leon Sullivan at the time a board member for General Motors ... to promote environmentally sustainable development. ref Richardson, Benjamin J., Socially Responsible ... conference for socially responsible investing in the United States of America Bot generated title ref ... applications Socially responsible investing is a booming market in both the US and Europe. Assets in socially screened portfolios climbed to 3.07 trillion at the start of 2010, a 34 increase since ... on Socially Responsible Investing Trends in the United States . From 2007 2010 alone, SRI assets ... more details
Orphan date August 2008 Socially Relevant Computing SRC is a unique paradigm in computing introduced by the researchers at the University at Buffalo , Rice University and Microsoft Research . It focuses on the use of computation to solve problems that students are most passionate about. It presents Computer Science as a cutting edge technological discipline that empowers them to solve problems of personal interest socially relevant with a little s , as well as problems that are important to society at large socially relevant with a capital s . SRC emphasizes the use of computation for solving problems of personal and societal interest to students. It offers opportunities to demonstrate that Computer Science is a mainstream endeavor and that it offers conceptual and technological tools for solving meaningful, real world problems.Courses in this new framework help students identify and model tasks, and design and implement computational solutions that show deep understanding of their embedding in the real world. At the very least, SRC offers interesting examples to illustrate foundational concepts in Computer Science. By emphasizing problem solving, and by giving students practice in recognizing needs and engineering solutions to them via computation , SRC at its finest promises to create a more entrepreneurial, as well as a more broadly educated Computer Scientist. External links http src.cse.buffalo.edu Socially Relevant Computing official page at University of Buffalo Category Computing and society ... more details
dicdef Multiple issues COI December 2008 orphan December 2008 unreferenced December 2008 date May 2011 neologism date March 2011 Socially responsible outsourcing is a movement to democratize access to jobs in the business process outsourcing and technology enabled services sector spearheaded by NGO s, small outsourcing firms in poor countries analogous to producers in the fair trade system , responsible business associations, and other concerned stakeholders. Currently, several different definitions of socially responsible outsourcing exist. 1. Social outsourcing, promoted by the academic Richard Heeks quotation Social outsourcing means the contracting out of goods or services to social enterprises. When used by government, it can be seen as a hybrid of the workfare outsourcing found in wage employment schemes, and the commercial outsourcing of government activities to the private sector. 2. The guiding principles approach, developed by Leila Chirayath Janah and Joy Sun of the NGO Samasource quotation Socially responsible outsourcing encourages buyers to hire firms that meet any two of the following three criteria p 1 Located in a poor or very poor region in a developing economy, as defined by the International Monetary Fund or a poor region within an emerging economy p 2 Micro , small , or mid sized employing between 1 and 249 people p 3 Owned by, or employ a majority of, economically or socially disadvantaged people including women, ethnic minorities, and inhabitants of economically depressed regions such as rural areas and slum communities. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Socially Responsible Outsourcing Category Outsourcing ... more details
or environmental structure. Processes may be distributed through time in such a way that the products ..., L, Levine, S. and Teasley, L., Eds. , Perspectives of socially shared cognition Washington, D.C. ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
