Softscience fiction , or soft SF , like its wikt complementary complementary opposite hard science fiction , is a descriptive term that points to the role and nature of the science content in a science fiction story. The term first appeared in the late 1970s and early 1980s and indicated SF based not on engineering or the hard sciences for example, physics, astronomy, or chemistry but on the soft sciences, and especially the social sciences anthropology, sociology, psychology, political science, and so on . ref http www.jessesword.com sf view 1843 Science Fiction Citations SoftScience Fiction ... sf view 1843 Science Fiction Citations SoftScience Fiction http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 528857 science fiction 235713 The evolution of science fiction ref . In The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction , Peter Nicholls writer Peter Nicholls writes that soft SF is a not very precise item of sf terminology and that the contrast between hard and soft is sometimes illogical. ref Soft SF, Encyclopedia of Science Fiction , ed. John Clute and Peter Nicholls, 1995, ISBN 0 312 13486 X. ref In fact, the boundaries between hard and soft are neither definite nor universally agreed upon, so ... defined standards, softscience fiction does not indicate a genre or subgenre of SF but a tendency or quality one pole of an axis that has hard science fiction at the other pole. See also Hard science fiction Planetary romance Science fantasy Space opera Sword and planet Social science fiction Speculative fiction References div class references small references div science fiction Category Science fiction genres bg cs Softscience fiction el es Ciencia ficci n blanda fa it Fantascienza soft hu Softscience fiction mk nl Zachte sciencefiction ja SF pt Fic o cient fica Soft sv Mjuk science fiction ... of technological change however possible or probable as a departure from the science engineering technology ... more details
Science Hard science and softscience are colloquial terms often used when comparing scientific fields of academic research or scholarship , with hard meaning perceived as being more scientific, rigorous ... science computing sciences are often described as hard , while the social sciences and similar fields are often described as soft . ref Cite web url http www.columbia.edu cu 21stC issue 1.1 soft.htm accessdate 10 August 2009 title Softscience and hard news publisher Metanews work Columbia University ... science objectivity . ref cite book url http books.google.com ?id SjayHztX8mUC&vq 22Hard science and Softscience 22 accessdate 24 April 2008 date 24 April 2008 first John last Lemons year 1996 publisher ... predictions. Economics is usually considered a softscience. The ability to perform Scientific control controlled experiments is usually an indication of hard science. A related aspect of the hard versus soft distinction has to do with the ease of drawing strong conclusions. In soft sciences, there are often ... Solving pages 99 ref Publications in the hard sciences such as natural science s make heavier use of graphs than soft sciences such as sociology , according to the graphism thesis . Within the areas of natural science and social science, some disciplines are viewed as harder than others. For example ... begin col break The central science Chemistry, the central science Demarcation problem Exact science Hard systems , soft systems col break History of science Human science Memetics Objectivity science col break Paradigm shift Philosophy of science Positivism dispute Reductionism Reductionism and science Scientific reductionism col break STEM fields Science wars Soft computing Subjectivity col end References Reflist Use dmy dates date September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Hard And SoftScience Category Philosophy of science es Ciencias duras y blandas fa fr Sciences dures it Scienza dura simple Hard science ... more details
wiktionary Soft or SOFT may refer to Softness Soft band , a musical group Soft , a novel by Rupert Thomson Soft matter , various states of matter with low resistance to external force Soft magnetic material is a magnetic material with low coercivity Soft, a song by Lemon Jelly on the single Soft Rock Soft , a song by Kings of Leon on the album Aha Shake Heartbreak Sorgenti di Firenze Trekking SOFT , system of walking trails in Italy See also lookfrom lookfrom The Soft intitle Softener disambiguation disambig da Soft fr Soft ko ja ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Soft is a novel by British writer Rupert Thomson , written in 1998 London . Apparently acting as participants in a sleep experiment, the protagonists of this novel find themselves the unwitting word of mouth advertisers of Kwench , a new soft drink. Category British novels Category 1998 novels 1990s novel stub ... more details
Expert subject computer science date July 2009 Distinguish soft microprocessor Soft computing is a term applied to a field within computer science which is characterized by the use of inexact solutions to computationally hard tasks such as the solution of NP complete problems, for which an exact solution cannot be derived in polynomial time . Introduction Soft Computing became a formal Computer Science area of study in early 1990s. ref Zadeh, Lotfi A., Fuzzy Logic, Neural Networks, and Soft Computing, Communication of the ACM, March 1994, Vol. 37 No. 3, pages 77 84. ref Earlier computational approaches could model and precisely analyze only relatively simple systems. More complex systems arising in biology , medicine , the humanities , management science s, and similar fields often remained intractable to conventional mathematical and analytical methods. That said, it should be pointed out that simplicity and complexity of systems are relative, and many conventional mathematical models have been both challenging and very productive. Soft computing deals with imprecision, uncertainty, partial ... of soft computing include Neural network s NN Fuzzy system s FS Evolutionary computation EC , including ... Bayesian network Chaos theory Perceptron Generally speaking, soft computing techniques resemble ... analysis as in finite element analysis . Soft computing techniques are intended to complement each other. Unlike hard computing schemes, which strive for exactness and full truth, soft computing ... role in soft computing than in hard computing. References reflist External links http www.softcomputing.es EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR SOFT COMPUTING http www.helsinki.fi niskanen bisc.html BISC SIG IN PHILOSOPHY OF SOFT COMPUTING Category Scientific modeling Category Artificial intelligence Category Semantic Web Category Soft computing es Soft Computing fa fr soft computing hi it Soft computing hu L gy sz m t si modell ms Komputeran lembut nl Soft computing ru ... more details
softfocuslenses.html Soft Focus Lens Article http www.largeformatphotography.info soft focus.html Soft Focus Lenses and Techniques , an overview for large format photographers http www.forrestcroce.com Articles DigitalSoftFocus.html Article on creating the soft focus effect in Photoshop. http www.gimpforphotos.com tutorials beginner flou effect soft focus.html Article on creating the soft focus effect in Gimp. Category Photographic lenses Category Science of photography Category ...About the term used in photography and optics the album by the band Euroboys Soft Focus double image right Bottle Softfocus 2.jpg 170 Bottle Softfocus 0.jpg 170 An image of a bottle with a heavy soft focus effect. An image of the same bottle, but with no soft focus effect at all. ... ... In photography , soft focus is a Lens optics lens flaw, in which the lens forms images that are blurred due to spherical aberration . A soft focus lens deliberately introduces spherical aberration in order to give ... optics focus image, and the effect cannot be achieved simply by defocusing a sharp lens. Soft focus ... in Of Human Bondage.jpg left thumb 170px Actor Leslie Howard actor Leslie Howard shot in soft focus in Of Human Bondage 1934 film Of Human Bondage . Because soft focus is a technical flaw, many older photographic lens lenses had soft focus built in as a side effect of their construction. Newer ... FA Soft Lens, to name but two, which have adjustable levels of spherical aberration at wide apertures ..., Leica Camera Leitz designed a legendary soft focus lens, the Thambar 90mm f2.2, for the Leica rangefinder ... of DC Defocus Control lenses which are sometimes confused with the soft focus effect, but these are not soft ... needed date June 2011 The soft focus effect is used as an effect for glamour photography , because the effect eliminates blemishes, and in general produces a dream like image. The effect of a soft focus ... Post processing Soft Focus effect by using Gaussian Blur Filter in Photoshop CS3. Note the smoother ... more details
The contrast of hard and soft may refer to Hard and soft consonants Hard and soft G Hard and soft C Hard and soft martial arts Hard and soft drugs Hard and soft polytheism Hard and soft acids and bases See also Soft and Hard , a 1985 video piece disambig ... more details
A soft reference is one of the strengths or levels of non strong reference strong reference defined in the Java programming language Java programming language , the others being weak reference weak and phantom reference phantom . The Garbage collection computer science garbage collector will always collect weakly referenced objects, but will only collect softly referenced objects when its algorithms decide that memory is low enough to warrant it. Soft and weak references provide two quasi priorities for non strongly referenced objects. Soft references may be used, for example, when writing a cache computing cache weakly referenced objects may disappear too quickly to make the cache useful. See also Weak reference Phantom reference Circular reference External links http www.pawlan.com monica articles refobjs Java developer article Reference Objects and Garbage Collection http weblogs.java.net blog enicholas archive 2006 05 understanding w.html Understanding Weak References Category Data types Category Memory management compu lang stub ... more details
Dablink Soft power may also refer to a soft power switch, as opposed to a hard power switch on a computer. Soft power is a concept developed by Joseph Nye to describe the ability to attract and co opt ... Power . He further developed the concept in his 2004 book, Soft Power The Means to Success in World ... to increase its soft power, and the US Secretary of Defense Robert Gates spoke of the need to enhance American soft power by a dramatic increase in spending on the civilian instruments of national ... , visited South Korea and advocated the ROC s use of soft power as a model for the resolution of international ... img 49.jpg&cate rss news Society TAIWAN Soft power lets Taiwan overcome poverty, survive despotism Lu , Taiwan News , February 18, 2010 ref General Wesley Clark when discussing soft power commented ..., 2003 , p 182. ref File Voa chinese Joseph Nye 03Aug10.jpg thumb right Joseph Nye, Author of Soft ... of soft power Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others to get the outcomes you want ... with payments or you can attract and co opt them to want what you want. This soft power getting others ... power , which is the use of coercion and payment. Soft power can be wielded not just by states ... Soft Power The Means to Success in World Politics ref It is also considered the second face of power ... military force or economic sanctions. This soft power getting others to want the outcomes that you want co opts people rather than coerces them. ref Nye, Joseph. Soft Power The Means to Success in World Politics New York Public Affairs, 2004 . ref . Soft power resources are the assets that produce attraction which often leads to acquiscence. ref Nye, Joseph. Soft Power The Means to Success ... are deeply seductive. ref Nye, Joseph. Soft Power The Means to Success in World Politics New York Public Affairs, 2004 .p X. ref Angelo Codevilla observed that an often overlooked essential aspect of soft ... Warfare IWP Press, 2008 . ref Soft power is hampered when policies, culture, or values repel others ... more details
Soft rot may refer to Pichia heedii , the soft rot of the cacti Lophocereus schottii and Drosophila pachea Sclerotium cepivorum soft rot of onions Erwinia sp. bacterial soft rot Wood decay fungus Soft rot soft rot , a type of wood decay. disambiguation ... more details
no footnotes date June 2011 In computer file system s, soft updates is an approach to maintaining disk integrity after a crash or power outage. They are an alternative to journaling file system . Instead of duplicating metadata writes in a journal, soft updates work by tracking and enforcing metadata update dependencies. Like journaling, soft updates do not guarantee that no data will be lost, but they do make sure the filesystem is consistent. An advantage of a file system with soft updates is that it can be mounted immediately after a crash since there is no log replay. Soft updates were first introduced to FreeBSD by Marshall Kirk McKusick and are now available across the Berkeley Software Distribution BSD s. Recent versions of soft updates include a journaling mechanism which eliminates the need for a background fsck after a crash. ref http www.youtube.com watch?v NuhRkiInvA ref Operation Soft updates allow only asynchronous metadata writes that do not render the on disk file system inconsistent, or that the only inconsistency that ever happens is a storage space leak space marked allocated when not used by any file . It avoids having to do ordered synchronous metadata writes by temporarily rolling back any part of a metadata block that depends on another potentially non flushed or partially rolled back block when writing it. In effect, blocks may be flushed at any time and the soft ... walk of the file system when it is next mounted to garbage collection computer science garbage collect ... it may cause no disk activity at all. Soft Updates require periodic flushing of the metadata ... proceedings usenix99 full papers mckusick mckusick.pdf Soft Updates A Technique for Eliminating Most ... seltzer seltzer html index.html Journaling Versus Soft Updates Asynchronous Meta data Protection in File ... softdep own notes on soft updates and asynchronous writes in Unix File System UFS . FreeBSD Category Computer file systems de Softupdates ja Soft updates ... more details
to nanofabrication with soft materials url journal Science volume 290 issue 5496 pages 1536 1540 ...image soft lithography proc 1.jpg 200px right thumb Figure 1 Inking a stamp. PDMS stamp with pattern is placed in Ethanol and ODT octadecanethiol solution image soft lithography proc 2.jpg 200px right thumb Figure 2 ODT from the solution settles down onto the PDMS stamp. Stamp now has ODT attached to it which acts as the ink. image soft lithography proc 3.jpg 200px right thumb Figure 3 The PDMS stamp with the ODT is placed on the gold substrate. When the stamp is removed, the ODT in contact with the gold stays stuck to the gold. Thus the pattern from the stamp is transferred to the gold via the ODT ink. In technology , soft lithography refers to a family of techniques for fabricating or Replicate replicating structure s using elastomeric stamps, molds, and conformable photomasks in the words of Rogers and Nuzzo, p. 50, as cited in References . It is called soft because it uses elastomer ic material s, most notably Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS . Soft lithography is generally used to construct features measured on the micrometer to nanometer Scale measurement scale . According to Rogers and Nuzzo 2005 , Research and development development of soft lithography expanded rapidly during the period 1995 to 2005. Advantages File Sarfus.SoftLitho.Streptavidin.jpg thumb Sarfus image of streptavidin deposited by soft lithography with PDMS stamp. Soft lithography has some unique advantages over other forms of lithography such as photolithography and electron beam lithography . They include the following Lower cost than traditional photolithography in mass production Well suited for applications ... G. M. year 1998 title Soft Lithography url http www3.interscience.wiley.com cgi bin abstract 10004598 ... annurev.matsci.28.1.153 last1 Xia first1 Y. last2 Whitesides first2 G. M. year 1998 title Soft ... first2 R. G. year 2005 title February . Recent progress in soft lithography. In url journal Materials ... more details
The term soft ontology , coined by Eli Hirsch in 1993, refers to the embracing or reconciling of apparent ontological differences, by means of relevant distinctions and contextual analyses. Hirsch used the term to broaden and expand on what William James discussed in his landmark 1907 work in epistemology , Pragmatism . James gave a now famous example of dispute over a squirrel blockquote The corpus of the dispute was a squirrel a live squirrel supposed to be clinging to one side of a tree trunk while over against the tree s opposite side a human being was imagined to stand. This human witness tries to get sight of the squirrel by moving rapidly round the tree, but no matter how fast he goes, the squirrel moves as fast in the opposite direction, and always keeps the tree between himself and the man ... dispute and explains, at some length, the connection between verbal and soft ontological disagreements they are, according to Hirsch, partly but not completely overlapping sets of problems . Soft .... One can choose to construct a hard or soft ontology, depending on the flexibility one intends to obtain. Other related terms in philosophy and in cognitive science include ontological relativity as in Willard Van Orman Quine Quine and cognitive relativism as in Jack Meiland . Soft Ontology computer science Difference and similarity with respect to philosophical ontology ontology , as proposed in computer science circles by Aviles et al. 2003 , is a definition of a domain in terms of a flexible ... of in computer science , in Gruber s terms 1993 as definitions of conceptualization . Unlike standard ... perspective, the soft ontology approach transfers the task of interpretation to the observer ... of perspectives to the domain. Soft ontologies also result inherently from user defined ontology ..., J. 2003 . http doi.ieeecomputersociety.org 10.1109 DEXA.2003.1232001 Soft Ontologies and Similarity ... Ontology information science ... more details
soft g can refer to The soft g sound in many languages, see hard and soft g . A g with breve Disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
In anatomy , the term soft tissue refers to Tissue biology tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and Organ anatomy organ s of the body, not being osseous tissue bone . Soft tissue ... Cancer Institute ref It is sometimes defined by what it is not. For example, soft tissue has ... . Normally the soft tissue is very hydrated because of the ground substance. The fibroblasts are the most common cell responsible for the production of soft tissues fibers and ground substance. Variations ... does the role of collagen. In soft tissues the collagen limits the deformation and protects ... mechanics Euler Cauchy s stress principle lagrangian stress T versus Strain materials science stretch ratio of a preconditioned soft tissue. Soft tissues have the potential to undergo big deformations ... , as can be seen in Figure 1. The soft tissues are also viscoelastic , incompressible and usually anisotropic . Some viscoelastic properties observable in soft tissues are Relaxation physics relaxation ... D. title Continuum biomechanics of soft biological tissues journal Proceedings of the Royal Society ... Even though soft tissues have viscoelastic properties, i.e. stress as function of strain ... mathbf S mathbf S mathbf E math Despite the independence of strain rate, preconditioned soft tissues ... is not truly elastic. ref name Fung Residual stress In physiological state soft tissues ... Yuan Cheng Fung Fung developed a constitutive equation for preconditioned soft tissues which is math ... for a given temperature. Remodeling and Growth Soft tissues have the potential to grow and remodel ... remodeling . Mechanobiology is the science that study the relation between stress and growth at cellular ... of some common soft tissue diseases, like arterial stenosis and aneurisms ref name Humphrey2 cite ... 2118 ref and any soft tissue fibrosis . Other instance of tissue remodeling, is the thickening of the cardiac .... See also Biomaterial Biomechanics Rheology Soft tissue disorder Soft tissue sarcoma References Reflist ... more details
for the Canterbury scene band Soft Heap In computer science , a soft heap is a variant on the simple heap data structure heap data structure that has constant amortized analysis amortized time for 5 types of operations. This is achieved by carefully corrupting increasing the keys of at most a certain fixed percentage of values in the heap. The constant time operations are create S Create a new soft heap insert S , x Insert an element into a soft heap meld S , S Combine the contents of two soft heaps into one, destroying both delete S , x Delete an element from a soft heap findmin S Get the element with minimum key in the soft heap It was designed by Bernard Chazelle in 2000. The term corruption in the structure is the result of what Chazelle called carpooling in a soft heap. Each node in the soft heap contains a linked list of keys and one common key. The common key is an upper bound on the values of the keys in the linked list. Once a key is added to the linked list, it is considered corrupted because its value is never again relevant in any of the soft heap operations only the common keys are compared. It is unpredictable which keys will be corrupted in this manner it is only known that at most a fixed percentage will be corrupted. This is what makes soft heaps soft you can t be sure whether or not any particular value you put into it will be corrupted. The purpose of these corruptions is effectively to lower the information entropy of the data, enabling the data structure to break through information theory information theoretic barriers regarding heaps. Other heaps such as Fibonacci ... for an error rate of . Applications Surprisingly, soft heaps are useful in the design of deterministic ... the remaining n 3 uncorrupted elements in the soft heap. Therefore, L divides the elements somewhere ... The soft heap an approximate priority queue with optimal error rate. J. ACM 47, 6 Nov. 2000 , 1012 ... A simpler implementation and analysis of Chazelle s soft heaps. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual ... more details
, US http www.theo.chemie.tu darmstadt.de Computational Soft Matter Science, Prof. Florian M ller ...for the journal Soft Matter journal Soft matter is a subfield of condensed matter comprising a variety ... of soft matter, ref Rheology Bulletin Volume 74 Number 2 July 2005, p. 17 ref received the Nobel ... from simple thermodynamics thermodynamic systems can be applied to the more complex cases found in soft ... January 27, 2008 ref Distinctive physics Interesting behaviors arise from soft matter in ways that cannot .... This is often because soft matter Self organization self organizes into Mesoscopic scale mesoscopic ... at any mesoscopic scale. Applications Soft materials are important in a wide range of technological ... as soft matter. Liquid crystals, another category of soft matter, exhibit a responsivity to electric .... Research The realization that soft matter contains innumerable examples of symmetry breaking , generalized ... common aspects . Soft condensed matter is directly related to studies in biophysics. One possible roadblock to the development of biophysics as an established field is that soft condensed matter ... the Chicago Soft Matter Collective http www.dcf.ds.mpg.de Dynamics of Complex Fluids department ... research wzi scm Soft Matter Group at van der Waals Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam , NL http wwwchem.leidenuniv.nl scm Soft Matter Chemistry Group, University of Leiden , NL http ... Studies FRIAS , School of Soft Matter Research, University of Freiburg, D http csmr.as.nyu.edu page home Center for Soft Matter Research New York University , US http softmatter.fmf.uni lj.si Physics of Soft and Partially Ordered Matter http www.fmf.uni lj.si Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana , Slovenia SLO http alanine.usc.es Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics ... montp2.fr Equipe Matiere Molle ?lang en Soft Matter Team, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, CNRS and University .... Martin O. Steinhauser s Research Group Shock Waves in Soft Biological Matter at the Fraunhofer Institute ... more details
unreferenced date March 2010 A soft in soft out SISO decoder is a type of soft decision decoder used with error correcting code s. Soft in refers to the fact that the incoming data may take on values other than 0 or 1, in order to indicate reliability. Soft out refers to the fact that each bit in the decoded output also takes on a value indicating reliability. Typically, the soft output is used as the soft input to an outer decoder in a system using concatenated code s, or to modify the input to a further decoding iteration such as in the decoding of turbo code s. Examples include the BCJR algorithm and the soft output Viterbi algorithm . See also Decoding methods Error detection and correction Forward error correction Category Error detection and correction ... more details
of producing glass from silicate s dissolved. It is a new branch of materials science that differs ... 1977 October 26th ref . French hits, the term soft chemistry is employed as such in the early twenty ... of the so called soft chemistry sol gel can be stored in several types mineral structures of various ... its mode of synthesis, a compound with the label soft chemistry combines the advantages of the mineral ..., etc. . According to its practitionners, the soft chemistry is only in its early success and opens up vast prospects. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Soft Chemistry Category Chemistry Category Biochemistry ... more details
distinguish software error Refimprove date November 2011 In electronics and computing , a soft error ... understood either to be a mistake in design or construction, or a broken component. A soft error ... observing a soft error, there is no implication that the system is any less reliable than before ... in a computer s memory system that changes an instruction in a program or a data value. Soft errors typically can be remedied by cold booting the computer. A soft error will not damage a system s hardware the only damage is to the data that is being processed. There are two types of soft errors chip level soft error These errors occur when the radioactive atoms in the chip s material decay and release ... to decay. system level soft error These errors occur when the data being processed is hit with a noise ... even be saved in memory and cause problems at a later time. If detected, a soft error may be corrected ... to correct soft errors on the fly. However, in many systems, it may be impossible to determine the correct ... include a Reboot computer reboot . Soft errors involve changes to data &mdash the electrons in a storage ... is rewritten, the circuit will work perfectly again. Soft errors can occur on transmission lines ... in semiconductor storage. Critical charge Whether or not a circuit experiences a soft error depends ... needed to change the logic level. A higher Q sub crit sub means fewer soft errors. Unfortunately, a higher ... of soft errors increases as chip technology advances. In a logic circuit, Q sub crit sub ... basis. Causes of soft errors Alpha particles from package decay Soft errors became widely known with the introduction ... small amounts of radioactive contaminants. Very low decay rates are needed to avoid excess soft ... a soft error by alpha particle emission. The positively charged alpha particle travels through ... to the challenge of soft errors in combinational logic mostly going unnoticed. In sequential logic ... of papers Ziegler and Lanford, 1979 demonstrating that cosmic ray s also could cause soft errors. Indeed ... more details
2012 unreferenced date February 2012 Image Soft tennis pictogam.svg thumb 200px Diagram similar to Olympic pictogram for soft tennis Soft tennis is a racket game played on a court of two halves ... one s opponent from being able to hit it back. Soft tennis differs from regular tennis in that it uses soft rubber balls instead of hard yellow balls. It is played primarily in Asia , especially in Japan , Taiwan , South Korea , Thailand and the Philippines . In 2004 Soft tennis was introduced ... Kingdom , and India all now have active Soft tennis federations. All of them are also members of the European Soft tennis Federation, and the International Federation JSTA. History At the end of the 19th ... soft tennis sofutotenisu . Competition Most of the rules for soft tennis are the same ... from different nations took part including Pakistan. The dimensions of a soft tennis court File Tennis court metric.svg thumb 250px The dimensions of a soft tennis court right class wikitable Line Name ... 12.80 m Center Mark 0.15 m Net 12.65 m External links commons category Soft tennis wiktionary soft tennis http softtennis istf.org index2.htm INTERNATIONAL SOFT TENNIS FEDERATION http softtennis2011.org english 14th WORLD SOFT TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIP 2011 MUNGYEONG,SOUTH KOREA http softtennisassociationofthailand.com Soft Tennis Association of Thailand STAT http www.softtennisteam.nl SoftTennisteam.nl http www.softtennis.nl Netherlands Soft Tennis Federation http www.softtennis.org.uk Uk Soft Tennis Association http estf.org European Soft Tennis Federation http www.softtennis.org.tw Chinese Taipei Taiwan Soft Tennis Association http softtennis.sport.org.cn Chinese Soft Tennis Association http www.jsta.or.jp Japan Soft Tennis Association http softtennis.sports.or.kr Korea Soft Tennis Association http web.archive.org web 20091027090830 http geocities.com Colosseum Midfield 3988 Soft Tennis Association of Malaysia http www.sstf.org.uk Scottish Soft Tennis Federation http www.softtenis.cz Czech ... more details
File Cola3.JPG thumb thumb A glass of cola A soft drink also called soda , pop , coke , ref cite web ... drinks . A soft drink may also contain caffeine , Juice fruit juice , or both. Examples of beverages not considered to be soft drinks are Juice pure juice , hot chocolate , tea , coffee , milk , and milkshake s. Beverages like Gatorade and Powerade may meet the definition of a soft drink but are usually ... called energy drink s. Soft drinks are called soft in contrast to hard drinks alcoholic beverage s . Small amounts of Ethanol alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the Alcohol by volume alcohol ... ref Widely sold soft drink flavors are cola , cherry cola cherry , lemon lime , root beer , orange soft drink orange , grape soda grape , cream soda vanilla , ginger ale , fruit punch , and Lemonade sparkling lemonade . Soft drinks may be served chilled or at room temperature. They are rarely heated. History Refimprove section date June 2008 The first marketed soft drinks in the Western .... In 1676, the Compagnie des Limonadiers of Paris was granted a monopoly for the sale of lemonade soft drinks. Vendors carried tanks of lemonade on their backs and dispensed cups of the soft drink to thirsty Parisians. Carbonated drinks Image Soft drink shelf.JPG thumb right 250px Soft drinks displayed ... component of most soft drinks. ref name truetex.com http www.truetex.com priestley 1772 impregnating ... gbs search r&cad 1 Wildfell Hall , ch. 30 ref In America, most soft drinks were dispensed and consumed ... of bottled soda increased exponentially. In the second half of the 20th century, canned soft drinks became an important share of the market. Soft drink bottling industry Over 1,500 U.S. patents were ... in the 1920s. Since then, soft drink vending machines have become increasingly popular. Both hot and cold drinks are sold in these self service machines throughout the world. Production Soft drink production Soft drinks are made by mixing dry ingredients and or fresh ingredients for example, lemons ... more details
Soft landing may refer to Soft landing flight , a type of landing , usually of a hot air balloon in descent by gradually reducing its buoyancy is it the same thing than item just below? cf. Hard landing Soft landing rocketry , any landing which does not result in the destruction of the payload vehicle Soft landing economics , a business cycle downturn which avoids recession Soft landing chemistry , a process in chemical instrumentation disambiguation ... more details
A soft loan ref http www.businessdictionary.com definition soft loan.html ref is a loan with a below market rate of interest. This is also known as soft financing . Sometimes soft loans provide other concessions to borrowers, such as long repayment periods or interest holidays. Soft loans are usually provided by governments to projects they think are worthwhile. The World Bank and other development institutions provide soft loans to developing countries. An example of a soft loan is People s Republic of China China s Exim Bank of China Export Import Bank , who gave a 2 billion soft loan to Angola in October 2004 to help build infrastructure. In return, the Angolan government gave China a stake in oil exploration off the coast. ref http www.iags.org chinainafrica.pdf ref References reflist External links http timesofindia.indiatimes.com news india India Mongolia sign civilnuclear cooperation pact articleshow 5011170.cms Soft loan by India to Mongolia Dated 15 September 2009 economics stub Category Credit de Zinsg nstiges Darlehen ms Pinjaman mudah ... more details
Soft ball or softball can refer to Softball , a form of team sport similar to baseball soft ball squash , the international form of Squash sport , as distinguished from hardball squash , the North American form softball cricket , a form of cricket , as distinguished from hardball cricket Playing softball is a negotiation term In making confectionery the soft ball stage soft ball stage as syrup is heated is used to make Fudge dab ... more details
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