. Mass spectrometer main Mass spectrometer See also List of light sources Photometry ... spectrometer Monochromator Monochromator Czerny Turner monochromator Czerny Turner monochromator ... my nl Spectrometer ja no Spektrometer pt Espectr metro ru sk Spektrometer ... more details
File Alice ultraviolet imaging spectrometer on New Horizons.jpeg thumb Alice ultraviolet imaging spectrometer on New Horizons An imaging spectrometer is an instrument used in hyperspectral imaging and imaging spectroscopy to acquire a spectrally resolved image of an object or scene, often referred to as a datacube due to the three dimensional representation of the data. Namely, two axes of the image corresponds to distance and the third to wavelength . The principle of operation is the same as that of the simple spectrometer , but special care is taken to avoid optical aberration s for better image quality. Example imaging spectrometer types include filtered camera, whiskbroom scanner, pushbroom scanner, integral field spectrograph or related dimensional reformatting techniques , wedge imaging spectrometer, Fourier transform imaging spectrometer, computed tomography imaging spectrometer CTIS , image replicating imaging spectrometer IRIS , coded aperture snapshot spectral imager CASSI , and image mapping spectrometer IMS . Principle Imaging spectrometers are used specifically for the purpose of measuring the spectral content of light and electromagnetic light. The spectral data gathered is used to give the operator insight into the sources of radiation. Prism spectrometers use a classical .... The imaging spectrometer works by imaging a radiation source onto what is called a slit by means .... The spectrometer functions by recording all points of color on a picture, thus, the spectrometer ... resolution of the prism spectrometer is not desirable for most scientific applications thus, its purpose .... The lenses of the prism spectrometer are used for both collimation and re imaging however, the imaging spectrometer is limited in its performance by the image quality provided by the collimators and re ... data. The refracting lenses used in the imaging spectrometer limit performance by the axial chromatic ... schaep research apex is list.html List of imaging spectrometer instruments Category Imaging Category ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Impact spectrometer called also sonicspctometer is a method for characterizing properties of fluids and metal . It is part of method Spectrogram acoustic spectroscopy By using on a tube filled with fluid or a metal that mounted in its edge the device is ready to impact spectroscopy test. An ultrasonic hammer the same ultrasonic probe that use in ultrasonic welding , that consist a linear ultrasonic motor terminated by iron mass, create an impact on the device under test. The sonic wave is measured by FFT instrument. This method is used in quality check procedure of fluid and in metallurgy tests. References AEWG The Acoustic Emission Working Group http www.aewg.org . EWGAE The European Working Group JCEA The Japanese Working Group on Acoustic Emission GLEA The Latin American Working Group on Acoustic Emission http www.ndt.net article v07n09 19 19.htm . Category Spectroscopy Category Acoustics ... more details
In an Electron spectrometer , an incoming beam of electrons is bent with electric or magnetic fields. As higher energy electrons will be bent less by the beam, this produces a spatially distributed range of energies. Electron spectrometers are used on a range of scientific equipment, including particle accelerator s, transmission electron microscope s, and astronomical satellite s. An electrostatic electron spectrometer uses the electric field, which cause electrons to move along field gradients, whereas magnetic devices cause electrons to move at right angles to the field. Magnetic fields will act in a direction perpendicular to the electron propagation, thereby conserving velocity, whereas electrostatic fields will cause electrons to move along the field gradient, ref name Zworykin45 which may change electron energies if the component of the direction of propagation and field gradients are not perpendicular. Owing to these effects, sector based designs are commonly used in electron spectrometers. The effective potential in the solution of motion in a magnetic or electric system with rotational symmetry leads to radial focusing onto a mean radius. ref name Zworykin45 cite book title Electron optics and the electron microscope author Zworykin,V Morton, G Ramberg, E Hillier J Vance A year 1945 publisher John Wiley and Sons, New York ref By superposition of a Quadrupole magnetic field quadrupole field axial focusing is possible while weakening the radial focusing, until the astigmatism vanishes. By breaking the rotational symmetry a bit and varying the electrostatic potential along the mean path of the spherical aberration is minimized. The spectrometer can use entrance and exit slits or use a small source, which only emits into specific angle and a small detector. Photoelectron spectra from single crystals exhibit a dependency on the emission angle, so that the entrance slit is needed. All the electrons from an isotopic source may be sucked off and focused into a directed ... more details
Deleted image removed Image Main TES instrument.jpg frame right Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer or TES is a satellite instrument designed to measure the state of the earth s troposphere . It is an infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy Fourier Transform spectrometer and provides key data for studying tropospheric chemistry, troposphere biosphere interaction, and troposphere stratosphere exchanges. TES is built for NASA by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory , California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California . It was successfully launched into polar orbit aboard NASA s third earth Observing System s spacecraft Aura satellite EOS Aura at 10 02 UTC on July 15, 2004. clear See also Space based meteorological observation External links http tes.jpl.nasa.gov NASA JPL s TES page http aura.gsfc.nasa.gov instruments tes index.html NASA Aura TES page Category Spectrometers it Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer ... more details
File HELIOS side view.JPG thumb The HELIOS spectrometer. The helical orbit spectrometer HELIOS is a measurement device for studying nuclear reactions in inverse kinematics. ref Lighthall, J.C. et al. http dx.doi.org 10.1016 j.nima.2010.06.220 Commissioning of the HELIOS Spectrometer . Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 622 2010 97 106 ref It is installed at the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System ATLAS facility at Argonne National Laboratory . History The HELIOS concept was first proposed at the Workshop on Experimental Equipment for an Advanced ISOL Facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1998. ref J.P. Schiffer Solenoidal Spectrometer . in I.Y. Lee Ed. , Proceedings of the Workshop on Experimental Equipment for an Advanced ISOL Facility, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1998, LBNL 42138, pp. 667 678. ref The concept was introduced as a next generation large acceptance spectrometer for measuring heavy ion reactions. Concept File B12 schem.png thumb Schematic of the HELIOS spectrometer. Schematically, HELIOS is based around a large bore superconducting solenoid. Accelerated heavy ion beams enter the solenoid along the magnetic axis, passing through a hollow detector array. The beam then intercepts a light ion target, also on the magnetic axis. In the configuration shown in the figure, charged reaction products ejected rearward in the laboratory ... University , and Manchester University to construct, characterize, and commission the HELIOS spectrometer. The construction of the spectrometer began with the delivery of the superconducting solenoid ... into a nuclear spectrometer and connected to the ATLAS beam line. The first stable beam ... characterize the performance of the spectrometer. The radioactive ion beam commissioning of HELIOS ... Letters 104 , 132501 2010 ref See also Canadian Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer Gammasphere References ... synopsis for 10.1103 PhysRevLett.104.132501 APS Physics Synopsis DEFAULTSORT Helical Orbit Spectrometer ... more details
Cleanup date November 2008 An Acousto Optical Spectrometer AOS is based on the diffraction of light at ultrasound ultrasonic wave s. A piezoelectric transducer , driven by the RF signal from the Receiver radio receiver , generates an Acoustics acoustic wave in a crystal the so called Acousto optic modulator Bragg cell . This acoustic wave modulates the refractive index and induces a phase waves phase grating . The Bragg cell is illuminated by a collimated laser beam. The angular dispersion of the diffracted light represents a true image of the IF spectrum according to the amplitude and wavelengths of the acoustic waves in the crystal. The spectrum is detected by using a single linear diode array Charge coupled device CCD , which is placed in the focal plane of an imaging optics. Depending on the crystal and the focal length of the imaging optics, the Optical resolution resolution of this type of spectrometer can be varied. Image AOS prinzip.png thumb 640px principle of an Acousto Optical Spectrometer Category Spectrometers ... more details
ACIS , the AXAF CCD Imaging Spectrometer, is an instrument built by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology s Center for Space Research and the Pennsylvania State University for the Chandra X ray Observatory formerly, AXAF . Because of its ability to accurately measure the energy of single photons, it serves as an X Ray integral field spectrograph for Chandra. External links http acis.mit.edu acis Official ACIS website at MIT http chandra.harvard.edu about science instruments2.html DEFAULTSORT Advanced Ccd Imaging Spectrometer Category Spacecraft instruments Category Telescope instruments US spacecraft stub ... more details
A helium mass spectrometer is an instrument commonly used to detect and locate small leaks. It was initially developed in the Manhattan Project during World War II to find extremely small leaks in the Gaseous ... spectrometer designed by Dr. A.O.C. Nier tuned on the helium mass. Because of its industrial use, the material ..., and the rate of the leak is detected by a mass spectrometer . Detection technique The leak detection ... within a spectrometer tube , which is the heart of the system. Helium is used as a tracer because ... sup is slightly less than 3 ml per century at STP. Internal spectrometer tube operation In the spectrometer tube, the heart of the helium mass spectrometer, the electrons produced by a hot filament enter ... mass spectrometer leak detectors are used in production line industries such as refrigeration and air ... in the leak testing instrument will be able to reach low enough pressure to allow for mass spectrometer ... reached, the mass spectrometer can start its measuring operation. If leakage is encountered the small ... any tracer gas molecule into the analyzer cell of the magnetic sector mass spectrometer. A signal ... will be able to reach low enough pressure to allow for mass spectrometer operation. If the size ... length of time. Once operating pressure has been reached, the mass spectrometer can start ... cell of the magnetic sector mass spectrometer. A signal will inform the operator of the value ... and a leak detector. Once the vacuum has reached the mass spectrometer operating pressure, any ... will be placed in a vacuum chamber, connected to a vacuum pump and a mass spectrometer. The tiny ... to the mass spectrometer where the leak rate will be measured. This test method applies to implantable ... charged sniffer test In this last case the part is pressurized with helium. The mass spectrometer is fitted ... with a leak at atmospheric pressure and to bring it into the mass spectrometer. This mode of operation ... mass spectrometer Category Mass spectrometry Category Spectrometers Category Vacuum ... more details
A prolate trochoidal mass spectrometer is an chemical analysis instrument in which the ions of different mass to charge ratio are separated by means of mutually perpendicular electric field electric and magnetic field s so that the ions follow a prolate trochoid trochoidal path. ref name PhysRev.53.521 cite journal title A New Mass Spectrometer with Improved Focusing Properties journal Phys. Rev. date 1938 first Walker last Bleakney coauthors John A. Hipple, Jr. volume 53 issue 7 pages 521 529 doi 10.1103 PhysRev.53.521 url http link.aps.org abstract PR v53 p521 format accessdate 2007 10 02 ref ref GoldBookRef title Prolate trochoidal mass spectrometer file P04874 ref These devices are sometimes called cycloidal mass spectrometers, although the path is not a cycloid the prolate trochoid path has loops, the cycloid has cusps . Applications The instruments are used for the analysis of gases ref name pmid3149538 cite journal author Adamczyk B, Bederski K, W jcik L title Mass spectrometric investigation of dissociative ionization of toxic gases by electrons at 20 1000 eV journal Biomed. Environ. Mass Spectrom. volume 16 issue 1 12 pages 415 7 year 1988 pmid 3149538 doi 10.1002 bms.1200160181 ref and in gas chromatography mass spectrometry . ref name pmid8154592 cite journal author Laram e JA, Deinzer ML title Capillary gas chromatographic introduction of environmental compounds into a trochoidal electron monochromator mass spectrometer journal Anal. Chem. volume 66 issue 5 pages 719 24 year 1994 pmid 8154592 doi 10.1021 ac00077a022 ref The trochoidal configuration can also be used as the basis of an electron monochromator . ref name pmid12964744 cite journal author Voinov VG, Vasil ev YV, Morr J, Barofsky DF, Deinzer ML, Gonin M, Egan TF, F hrer K title A resonant electron capture time of flight MS with trochoidal electron monochromator journal Anal. Chem. volume 75 issue ... Cite patent US 6624410 Cycloidal mass spectrometer Cite patent US 6617576 Cycloidal mass spectrometer ... more details
ref name Schoen1985 Cite journal last Schoen first A. year 1985 title A hybrid BEQQ mass spectrometer ... last Harrison first A. year 1986 title A hybrid BEQQ mass spectrometer for studies in gaseous ion ... BEEQ tandem mass spectrometer for the study of ion surface collision processes journal Review of Scientific ... 250 px Hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer ... linear quadrupole ion trap FT mass spectrometer performance characterization and use in the comparative ... Performance evaluation of a hybrid linear ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometer journal Anal. Chem ... on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer via lock mass injection into a C trap journal Mol. Cell Proteomics ... January pmid 16408932 doi 10.1021 ac0514624 ref mass spectrometer is marketed by Thermo Scientific ... more details
Image Grs draw.jpg thumb right 200px 2001 Mars Odyssey instruments File Grsradiation med.jpg thumb right 200px How GRS collects data from surface Gamma Ray Spectrometer GRS is a gamma ray spectrometer on the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, a space probe orbiting the planet Mars since 2001. Part of the United States NASA s Mars Surveyor Program, it returns geological data about Mars surface such as identifying elements and the location of water. It is managed by the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory at the University of Arizona in the United States. GRS specfications The Gamma Ray Spectrometer weighs 30.5 kilograms 67.2 lb and uses 32 watts of power. Along with its cooler, the it measures 468 by 534 by 604 mm 18.4 by 21.0 by 23.8 in . The detector is a photodiode made of a 1.2 kg germanium crystal, reverse biased to about 3 kilovolts, mounted at the end of a six meter boom to minimize interferences from the gamma radiation produced by the spacecraft itself. Its spatial resolution is about 300 km. ref cite journal title The Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer Instrument Suite author W.V. Boynton, W.C. Feldman, I.G. Mitrofanov, L.G. Evans, R.C. Reedy, S.W. Squyres, R. Starr, J.I. Trombka, C. d Uston, J.R. Arnold, P.A.J. Englert, A.E. Metzger, H. W nke, J. Br ckner, D.M. Drake, C. Shinohara, C. Fellows, D.K. Hamara, K. Harshman, K. Kerry, C. Turner, M. Ward1, H. Barthe, K.R. Fuller, S.A. Storms, G.W. Thornton, J.L. Longmire, M.L. Litvak, A.K. Ton chev journal Space Science Reviews volume 110 issue 1 2 doi 10.1023 B SPAC.0000021007.76126.15 year 2004 accessdate 2007 04 22 pages 37 bibcode 2004SSRv..110...37B ref http nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov database MasterCatalog?sc 2001 014A&ex 2 The neutron spectrometer is 173 by 144 by 314 mm 6.8 by 5.7 by 12.4 in . The high energy neutron detector measures 303 by 248 by 242 mm 11.9 by 9.8 by 9.5 in . The instrument s central electronics box is 281 by 243 by 234 mm 11.1 by 9.6 by 9.2 in . References reflist E ... more details
mass spectrometer was developed at Michigan State University by Enke and Yost in the late 1970s. ref ... quadrupole mass spectrometer journal Journal of the American Chemical Society volume 100 issue 7 ... last2 Enke first2 C. G. ref References Reflist See also Hybrid mass spectrometer Mass spectrometry ... more details
Spectrometer , or GRS , is an instrument for measuring the distribution or spectrum see Gamma spectroscopy ... Spectrometer Experiment on CGRO , the C1 germanium Ge gamma ray instrument on HEAO 3 , and the Ge gamma ray spectrometer SPI on the ESA INTEGRAL mission are examples of cosmic spectrometers, while the GRS on the Solar Maximum Mission SMM and the imaging Ge spectrometer on the RHESSI satellite ... The Lunar Prospector Gamma Ray Spectrometer author D. J. Lawrence, W. C. Feldman, B. L. Barraclough ... surface, the Mars experiment used a gamma ray spectrometer and two neutron detectors. GRS ... of energy in the form of gamma rays. The gamma ray spectrometer looks at these signatures, or energies ... by hydrogen. Since hydrogen is most likely present in the form of water ice, the spectrometer .... Like a virtual shovel digging into the surface, the spectrometer will allow scientists to peer ... water, is likely on the Moon. The gamma ray spectrometer used on the Odyssey spacecraft consists of four main components the gamma sensor head, the neutron spectrometer, the high energy neutron detector .... The initial spectrometer activity, lasting between 15 and 40 days, performed an instrument calibration ... spectrometer and the high energy neutron detector are mounted on the main spacecraft structure ... Spectrometer Image Grs draw.jpg right 150px The Gamma Ray Spectrometer weighs 30.5 kilograms 67.2 .... ref cite journal title The Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer Instrument Suite author W.V. Boynton ... spectrometer is 173 by 144 by 314 mm 6.8 by 5.7 by 12.4 in . The high energy neutron detector ... technology grs.html NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Gamma Ray Spectrometer page http grs.lpl.arizona.edu ... A16 Orbital gamma.html Apollo 16 Gamma Ray Spectrometer http near.jhuapl.edu instruments NEAR ... Ray Spectrometer Category Spectrometers ms Spektrometer Sinar Gamma no Gammastr lingsspektrometer uk ... more details
The SAFARI imaging spectrometer ref cite arxiv class astro ph.EP eprint 0901.3240 last1 Goicoechea first1 J. R. last2 Isaak first2 K. last3 Swinyard first3 B. title Exoplanet research with SAFARI A far IR imaging spectrometer for SPICA year 2009 ref is the European nerve center of Japanese infrared telescope SPICA spacecraft SPICA Space Infra Red Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics telescope and is being developed under the leadership of Netherlands Institute for Space Research SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research . SAFARI is an Imaging spectrometer infrared camera with about 6000 pixels that can make real photos of the sky in three adjacent wavelength areas. Using a Fourier transform spectroscopy Fourier Transform Spectrometer FTS detailed spectral information is obtained, allowing astronomers to determine the chemical composition of the observed celestial sources. Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO is developing the mechanism of this FTS. Extremely sensitive infrared detectors File Tes detector safari 2.jpg thumb Transition Edge Sensors TES detectors are extremely sensitive infrared detectors SRON s leading role in the development of SAFARI is mainly due to the infrared detectors developed by SRON scientists. Extremely sensitive detectors must be used in SAFARI to gain maximum benefit from the low infrared emissions of SPICA s cooled mirror. In June 2010, an international evaluation committee selected, out of four different technologies, the Transition Edge Sensor TES detectors from SRON together with the associated readout electronics. No longer blinded by the mirror The 3.2 meter diameter mirror of SPICA spacecraft SPICA will be cooled to almost absolute zero 273 C . Consequently, the detectors will no longer be blinded by the heat radiation emitted by the mirror itself and the instruments will therefore be able to detect even ... telescope Herschel Space Observatory Herschel . The new and unique infrared imaging spectrometer can ... more details
align center Image AMS 02 Logo.png 230px Alpha magnetic spectrometer colspan 2 style text align center Image Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 02.jpg 250px style vertical align top Organization AMS Collaboration ... Moskowitz, Clara ref ref name UT http www.universetoday.com tag alpha magnetic spectrometer Final ... align top Period 91 minutes The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer , also designated AMS 02 , is a particle ... Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer arrives at launch site ref The launch of OV 105 flight STS 134 carrying AMS 02 took place on 16 May 2011, and the spectrometer was installed on 19 May 2011. ref name ESTEC2 ... www.ams02.org 2010 04 ams nasa meeting results ref History The alpha magnetic spectrometer was proposed ... Arefiev first9 A. title The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS on the International Space Station Part ... Spectrometer url http www.esa.int esaHS SEMGO8AK73G index 0.html date 17 December 2009 publisher ... of the Superconducting Magnet for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer work IEEE Transactions ... by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Project Office at NASA s Johnson Space Center in Houston ... title Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 02 AMS 02 publisher NASA date 21 August 2009 accessdate 3 September ... of strangelet searches and Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer when will we stop searching? work J. Phys ... Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer http www.ams02.org AMS Collaboration Homepage http ams.cern.ch AMS ... Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS 02 61514694953 Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer image collection AMS 02 ... matter search ar bg ca Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer cs Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer de Alpha Magnet Spektrometer es Espectr metro Magn tico Alpha fr Spectrom tre magn tique Alpha id Spektrometer Magnetik Alfa it Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer kk lv Alfa magn tiskais spektrometrs li Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer hu Alfa m gneses spektrom ter nl Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer ja pl Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer pt Espect metro Magn tico ... more details
The Thermal Emission Spectrometer TES is an instrument on board Mars Global Surveyor . TES collects two types of data, hyperspectral thermal infrared data from 6 to 50 micrometers micrometers m and bolometric visible NIR 0.3 to 2.9 m measurements. TES has six detectors arranged in a 2x3 array, and each detector has a field of view of approximately 3 6 km on the surface of Mars. The TES instrument uses the natural harmonic vibrations of the chemical bonds in materials to determine the composition of gases, liquids, and solids. TES identified a large 30,000 square kilometer area that contained the mineral olivine . Olivine was found in the Nili Fossae formation. It is thought that the ancient impact that created the Isidis basin resulted in faults that exposed the olvine. Olvine is present in many mafic volcanic rocks . In the presence of water it weathers into minerals such as goethite , chlorite , smectite , maghemite , and hematite . Olivine was also discovered in many other small outcrops within 60 degrees north and south of the equator. ref Hoefen, T. et al. 2003. Discovery of Olivine in the Nili Fossae Region of Mars. Science 302. 627 630. ref Olivine has also been found in the Martian meteorite SNC shergottite , nakhlite, and chassigny meteorites that are generally accepted to have come from Mars. ref Hamiliton, W. et al. 1997. Journal of Geophysical Research 102. 25593 ref Later studies have found the olivine rich rocks to cover over 113,000 square kilometers. That is 11 times larger than the five volcanoes on the Big Island of Hawaii. ref http www.soest.hawaii.edu SOEST News News PressReleases amilton ref References Reflist cite journal author Christensen, P. R. Bandfield, J. L. Hamilton, V. E. Ruff, S. W. Kieffer, H. H. Titus, T. N. Malin, M. C. Morris, R. V. Lane, M. D. Clark, R. L. Jakosky, B. M. Mellon, M. T. Pearl, J. C. Conrath, B. J. Smith, M. D. Clancy ..., E. Silverman, S. Greenfield, M. title Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer experiment ... more details
Image Toms 2004 09 06 FULLDAY GLOB.PNG thumb right Near global ozone for 6 September 2004 from NASA GSFC The Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer TOMS is a satellite instrument for measuring ozone values. It has been flown on NASA satellites. Of the five TOMS instruments which were built, four entered successful orbit. Nimbus program Nimbus 7 and Meteor satellite Meteor 3 provided global measurements of column density total column ozone on a daily basis and together provide a complete data set of daily ozone from November 1978 December 1994 . After an eighteen month period when the program had no on orbit capability, ADEOS TOMS was launched on August 17, 1996 and provided data until the satellite which housed it lost power on June 29, 1997. Earth Probe TOMS was launched on July 2, 1996 to provide supplemental measurements, but was boosted to a higher orbit to replace the failed ADEOS. The only total failure in the series was QuikTOMS satellite ref http www.gsfc.nasa.gov topstory 20010705quiktoms.html ref , which was launched on September 21, 2001 but did not achieve an orbit. The transmitter for the Earth Probe TOMS failed on December 2, 2006. http toms.gsfc.nasa.gov news news.html mar05 Since January 1, 2006 data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument OMI has replaced Earth Probe TOMS http jwocky.gsfc.nasa.gov . References Reflist External links http toms.gsfc.nasa.gov TOMS home page http toms.umbc.edu TOMS Volcanic Emissions Group TOMS images in Wikipedia gallery Image 160658main2 OZONE large 350.png Image of the largest Antarctic ozone hole recorded to date September 2006 . Image Toms 2004 09 06 FULLDAY GLOB.PNG Near global ozone for 6 September 2004 from NASA GSFC. Image TOMS AI Jun16 91.gif Mount Pinatubo 1991 ash and aerosol. Image TOMS SO2 Jun17 91.gif Mount Pinatubo 1991 sulfur dioxide. Image TOMS SO2 time nov03.png Sulfur dioxide emissions from volcanoes. gallery Category Ozone depletion US spacecraft stub ... more details
Multiple issues wikify October 2011 orphan October 2011 unreferenced September 2011 The Image Mapping Spectrometer IMS is a snapshot Hyperspectral imaging hyperspectral camera that is developed for spectral imaging applications. The IMS was invented by three researchers Dr. Tomasz Tkaczyk, Dr. Robert Kester and Dr. Liang Gao at Rice University, Houston, TX. Prior to the invention of the IMS, most hyperspectral cameras require scanning to acquire a 3D x, y, lambda data cube , either in the spatial domain, e.g. hyperspectral confocal microscopy confocal microscope , or in the spectral domain, e.g., liquid crystal tunable filter liquid crystal tunable filters or acoustic optic tunable filter. The scanning mechanism cause a serious trade off between system throughput and scanning speed. The scanning based hyperspectral imagers are not suitable for dynamic imaging applications which require high temporal resolution . The IMS overcomes this limitation by acquiring spatial and spectral information simultaneously within a single integration event. The parallel acquisition is achieved by utilizing a custom fabricated component termed image mapper as a field remapping unit in the IMS. The image mapper consists of hundreds of mirror facets, the size of which is around 70 micrometre s. Each mirror facet has a two dimensional tilt angles, reflecting light towards x direction and y direction. The image mapper cut the field into strips and create blank regions between adjacent image strips on the CCD camera due to the tilt angle difference of mirror facs. The image strips are then dispersed into these created blanked regions by a array and prisms and reimaging lenses. In this way, each pixel on the CCD camera is encoded with unique spatial and spectral information of the sample. By implementing a simple image remapping algorithm, a x, y, lambda datacube is measured. The IMS has widespread applications in biomedical imaging, chemical imaging , and remote sensing . The IMS technolog ... more details
Magnetic Proton Recoil neutron spectrometer is a large high resolution neutron spectrometer installed at Joint European Torus JET . History The Magnetic Proton Recoil MPR neutron spectrometer is a thin foil spectrometer which was installed at JET in 1996 and upgraded MPRu 2001 2005. Principle In the MPR the Nuclear fusion fusion neutron s are collimate d into a neutron beam. The neutron beam is directed onto a thin plastic film Polyethylene where the neutrons scatter elastically on the proton s of the foil. The recoil protons emitted in the forward direction enter a magnetic part of the spectrometer where they are momentum analyzed and focused onto the focal plane. An array of plastic scintillator s coupled to photomultiplier tube s PMTs register the spatial distribution of the protons. This proton distribution is then related to the neutron energy spectrum. Field of view The MPR has a semi tangential line of sight through the Plasma physics plasma . The MPR has a 700 mm long cylindrical steel neutron collimator with a 10 cm2 bore. At a distance 170 mm behind the end of the collimator is placed a 10 cm2 polythene conversion foil, defining the active area of the spectrometer. The collimator foil arrangement defines the spectrometers field of view into the plasma. Uses The MPR determines the neutron spectrum from which important plasma parameters can be determined, such as the ion temperature, the collective motion of the main plasma, the fuel ion densities and their velocity distributions. See also List of plasma physics articles References reflist http dx.doi.org 10.1016 j.nima.2009.09.025 The thin foil magnetic proton recoil neutron spectrometer MPRu at JET Category Fusion reactors Category Neutron facilities Category Spectrometers ... more details
spectrometer author R. Rieder, H. W nke, T. Economou, A. Turkevich journal J. Geophysical Research ... Mars 96 , ref cite journal title An Alpha Proton X Ray Spectrometer for Mars 96 and Mars Pathfinder ... journal title The new Athena alpha particle X ray spectrometer for the Mars Exploration Rovers author ... web url http athena.cornell.edu pdf tb apxs.pdf title Alpha Particle X Ray Spectrometer APXS 2 pages ... DEFAULTSORT Alpha Particle X Ray Spectrometer Category Mars Pathfinder Category Spectroscopy Category ... Particle X Ray Spectrometer ja X ... more details
The Canadian Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer CPT is one of the major pieces of experimental equipment that is installed on the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System ATLAS superconducting heavy ion linac facility at the Physics Division of the Argonne National Laboratory . It was developed and operated by physicist Guy Savard and a collaboration of other scientists at Argonne, the University of Manitoba , McGill University , Texas A&M University and the State University of New York . Development The CPT was originally built for the TASCC Tandem Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron TASCC facility at Chalk River Laboratories in Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. However, it was transferred to Argonne National Laboratory when the TASCC accelerator was decommissioned in 1998 due to funding issues. ref http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6TJN 41MHFHC 17& user 1722207& rdoc 1& fmt & orig search& sort d&view c& acct C000053990& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 1722207&md5 4c620ed80f2930d6ee677867c070647d ref The CPT spectrometer is designed to provide high precision mass measurements of radioactivity short lived isotopes using radio frequency RF fields. Accurate mass measurements of particular isotopes such as selenium selenium 68 are important in the understanding of the detailed reaction mechanism s involved in the rp process rapid proton capture process , which occurs in astrophysical events like supernova supernovae explosions and X ray burst s. An X ray burst is one possible site for the rp process mechanism which involves the Accretion astrophysics accretion of hydrogen and helium from one star onto the surface of its neutron star binary companion. Mass measurements ... and Z. Zhou title Investigating the rp process with the Canadian Penning trap mass spectrometer ..., J. Schwartz, D. Seweryniak, G. D. Sprouse and J. Vaz title The Canadian Penning Trap Spectrometer ... Spectrometer HELIOS Mass Spectrometry Penning Trap RFQ Beam Coolers References Reflist External links ... more details
Hires may refer to High Resolution Fly s Eye Cosmic Ray Detector High Resolution Fly s Eye , an ultra high energy cosmic ray observatory High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer or High Resolution Echelle Spectrograph, W. M. Keck Observatory s spectrometer Hires Root Beer disambig de Hires ... more details
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