File Kexholm.jpg thumb 265px right The round tower served as the gate to the fort Korela Fortress Russian language Russian , Finnish language Finnish K kisalmen linna , Swedish language Swedish Kexholms slott , at the town of Priozersk , was founded by the Karelia ns who named the place K kisalmi. Origin It was first mentioned in a Novgorod ian chronicle of 1143 as Korela . Indeed, archeological digs have revealed a layer belonging to the 12th century. Sweden Swedish chronicles first reported of the settlement of Keksholm in 1294. Until the 16th century, the fortress belonged to the Novgorod Republic , followed by Muscovy . Novgorodians built the current stone bastions and towers in 1364 after a fire had destroyed the original wooden fortress in 1360. During a Swedish Novgorodian war in 1314, a small Karelian force conquered the fortress from the representatives of Novgorod. They invited Swedes to keep it against Novgorod . However, the Novgorodians managed to reconquer the fortress. The fortress was confirmed as belonging to Novgorod in the treaty of N teborg of 1323. Principality of Korela In the 1330s, the Novgorod Republic gave the castle of Korela and practically the entire Votian fifth , including the forts of Oreshek and Staraya Ladoga Ladoga to duke Narimantas of Lithuania. In 1383 Korela, Oreshek and Koporye were inherited by Narimantas son and heir, Patrikas , the forefather of the Galitzine princely clan. Next year the local burghers lodged a complaint about his administration. Patrikas was forced to exchange Korela for Ladoga and Staraya Russa Russa . Patrikas occupied his lands in Ingria and Karelia at least from 1383 to 1397. In the year 1408, it is recorded that he settled in Moscow under the protection of Vasili I , together with his younger sons, Georgi and Fyodor, who had grown up in Ingria. Swedish rule and administration Soon after their Livonian War seizure of Korela in 1580, the Swedes rebuilt the fortress following a Western European pat ... more details
Eyj lfr d ask ld poet of deeds was a skald active in the early 11th century. He was the court poet of Eir kr H konarson for whom he composed the Bandadr pa , his only known poem. Eight stanzas and a refrain are preserved of the Bandadr pa in the kings sagas , primarily Heimskringla , and in Sk ldskaparm l . The content of the poem is also summarized in Fagrskinna . The preserved parts of Bandadr pa relate Eir kr s early deeds his killing of Skopti, his becoming a Jarl title jarl at a young age, his raids in the Baltic and his attack on Staraya Ladoga Ladoga . Judging from the Fagrskinna summary the complete poem was much more extensive, going up to the battle of Sv ldr and beyond. It may have been composed around the year 1010. Apart from what can be surmised from his poetry nothing is known about Eyj lfr. He may have been an Icelander like most known skalds of the period. The refrain of the Bandadr pa celebrates Eir kr for conquering lands according to the will of the gods , a phrase borrowed from Einarr sk laglamm s Vellekla . This pagan reference in a poem about the ostensibly Christian Eir kr may suggest that the poet was himself a pagan. References Finlay, Alison editor and translator 2004 . Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90 04 13172 8 http www.hi.is eybjorn ugm skindex edad.html Eyj lfr d ask ld Bandadr pa 1 9 Heathen Skalds DEFAULTSORT Eyjolfr Dadaskald Category Viking Age poets Category Skalds Category 11th century people es Eyj lfr d ask ld fr Eyj lfr d ask ld no Eyjolv D daskald sv Eyjulf d daskald ... more details
Novyye Duboviki lang ru literally New Oak Grove is an archaeological site in Leningrad Oblast of Russia , located about convert 9 km mi south of Staraya Ladoga Ladoga upstream the Volkhov River , at the head of the lower Volkhov rapids. In the Early Middle Ages , Novyye Duboviki was the site of a Norse Slavic fort, which guarded the crossing of the rapids. The settlement flourished in the late 9th century, but was burned to the ground in the early 10th century. It was later revived on a much smaller scale, and was operated by the Novgorod Republic in the High Middle Ages , as a minor pogost . Although the site is seriously damaged by modern building activities, a series of excavations, undertaken since 1884, revealed traces of a predominantly Scandinavian settlement, covering no less than six hectares. The fort was ringed by at least ten burial mounds, ranging from seven to ten metres in height. The tallest barrow, built around a 9 metre high vertical pole, stands convert 10.5 m ft high. Recent research established Duboviki as key to understanding the earliest fortifications of Holmgard Novgorod . As Ladoga did not possess strong fortifications in the early medieval period, it was Duboviki that shielded Novgorod from potential attacks by the Norse raiders. The Varangian and later Slavic military stationed at Duboviki could effectively block the passage for pirate ships moving up the Volkhov towards Novgorod . Prior to the construction of the hydroelectric station, the shores of the river near Duboviki were craggy, exceeding twenty metres in height. As late as the 19th century, dozens of boats were shipwrecked while passing the rapids each year. Remains of another early medieval fort were detected at the head of the upper Volkhov rapids slightly downstream. As a result of this ingenious system of natural and man made defences, medieval Novgorod was never susceptible to pirate attacks, unlike its principal rivals, such as Sigtuna , Ladoga, Mokhovoye Kau ... more details
, the frescoes are intact File Mirozh transfiguration02.JPG 120px 7. The Assumption Cathedral, StarayaLadoga Katholikon of the Dormition Monastery StarayaLadoga 1160s File Assumption Cathedral Staraya Ladoga.jpg 80px Commons Category Assumption Cathedral, StarayaLadoga Category 8. The St. George s Cathedral, StarayaLadoga St. George s Cathedral StarayaLadoga ca 1165 File .jpg 80px Commons Category Church of Saint George, StarayaLadoga Category 9. The Arkazhsky ... Cathedral, Staraya Russa Katholikon of the Transfiguration Monastery Staraya Russa 1198 ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 The Ilmen Slavs lang ru was the northernmost tribe of the Early East Slavs , which inhabited the shores of the Lake Ilmen and the drainage basin basin of the rivers of Volkhov River Volkhov , Lovat River Russia Lovat , Msta , and the upper stream of the Mologa River in the 8th to 10th centuries. The Ilmen Slavs seem to have been different from other Slavic tribes colonizing what is now Russia in that they were closely related to the Polabian Slavs in language and traditions see old Novgorod dialect and Gostomysl for examples . They settled mostly Finnic peoples Finnic areas in Northern Russia, moving along the major waterways, until they met the southward expansion of the Krivichs in the modern day Yaroslavl Oblast . They left a few archaeological monuments of the 6th&ndash 8th centuries, such as agricultural town settlements and tall conelike kurgan s with incinerate d bodies in the Lake Ladoga Ladoga region. The most ancient settlement is dated back to the 7th or 8th century. Numerous archaeological finds, such as a metal tip for a wooden plough , indicate that the Ilmen Slavs had a well developed agriculture. They were not a particularly warlike state, but evidence of their unique weaponry, dated back to mid 8th Century, has been found around the city of Novgorod. The weaponry consisted of spears, maces, swords, bows, javelins and even some war hammers. It would seem that they fought rather aggressive warfare designed to push their enemies out of their lands, rather than destroy them utterly. The principal cities of the Ilmen Slavs were Staraya Russa and Novgorod , which had appeared in the 9th&ndash 10th centuries. The land of the Ilmen Slavs later became the center of the Novgorod Republic . According to some historians, Slavic presence around Ladoga Lake pre dating the 10th century is unlikely. ref Wladyslaw Duczko, http books.google.com books?id hEawXSP4AVwC&pg PA132 v onepage&q &f false Viking Rus Studies on ... more details
StarayaLadogaLadoga with 400 casualties. Coincidently or not, Swedes attacked Novgorodians in the same ... StarayaLadogaLadoga , allegedly with more than 2000 men ref The figure sounds high. The usual ... by the Novgorod First Chronicle. Image LadogaKrepost.jpg thumb right 300px The bailiff of StarayaLadogaLadoga castle here in its 15th century appearance repelled the Yem forces in 1228. blockquote The Yem came to Lake Ladoga to war, and word about that came to Novgorod on the Ascension Day of the Christ 6.8 . And Novgorodians took their barges and rowed to Ladoga with prince Jaroslav. Vladislav, the bailiff at StarayaLadogaLadoga , and the people of Ladoga did not wait for the Novgorodians, but went ... 1 2. ref and a sub group of Karelians on the northern coast of the Lake LadogaLadoga . ref Pirjo ... coast of the Ladoga and Izhorians are all mentioned as allies to Novgorod, said to have been fighting ... night, and they people of Ladoga landed on an island, but Finns were on the coast with prisoners ... they asked for peace, but the bailiff and the people of Ladoga did not grant it and they killed all ... had not fled were all killed. ref http 193.184.161.234 DF detail.php?id 70 Yem attack against Ladoga ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 Yaroslav III Yaroslavich 1230&ndash 1271 Russian language Russian was the first Prince of Tver and the tenth Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1264 to 1271. Yaroslav and his son Mikhail Yaroslavich presided over Tver s transformation from a sleepy village into one of the greatest centres of power in medieval Russia. All the later dukes of Tver descended from Yaroslav Yaroslavich. He was a son of Yaroslav II of Vladimir Yaroslav II and younger brother of Alexander Nevsky . In 1247, while still a minor, he received from his uncle the town of Tver . In 1252, Yaroslav and his brother Andrei II Andrey seized Alexander s capital, Pereslavl Zalessky . Reinforced by Tatar units, Alexander presently fought it back, taking prisoner Yaroslav s children and leaving his wife as a casualty on the field of battle. Yaroslav fled to Staraya Ladoga Ladoga whence he was summoned by Novgorodians to succeed Alexander as their military commander. In 1258 he visited the khan s capital in Sarai city Sarai , and two years later led the Novgorod army against the Teutonic Knights . Upon Alexander s death in 1263, Yaroslav quarrelled with Andrey as to who should become Grand Duke next. They went to the Golden Horde for arbitration, which was in favour of Yaroslav. The latter, however, settled in Novgorod and married a daughter of one local boyar. Various Novgorodian factions still conspired against him and sought to place his brother Vasily of Kostroma or Alexander s son Dmitri of Pereslavl on the throne. In 1270, the armies of three princes stood for a week near the town of Staraya Russa , ready for battle. The metropolitan, however, managed to reconcile them. Yaroslav, on surrendering Novgorod to his nephew, accompanied him to Sarai. He died on his way back to Tver on September 9, 1271 and was succeeded in Tver by his eldest son Svyatoslav and then by a more famous one, Mikhail Yaroslavich . See also Rulers of Russia family tree S start s hou Rurik ... more details
File .gif thumb 200px Coin of the National Bank of Belarus , dedicated to David David lang be , killed in 1326 was a castellan of Hrodna and one of the most famous warleaders of Gediminas , Grand Duke of Lithuania . He might have been the son of Daumantas of Pskov and great grandson of Alexander Nevsky . Maciej Stryjkowski claims that David was married to one of the family of Gediminas daughters of Gediminas . He seems to have been a middleman between the pagan Gediminas and the Christian princes of the Rurikid family and frequently led into battle the united Lithuania n Ruthenia n armies. David is mentioned for the first time in 1314, when he helped to relieve a siege of Navahradak by the Teutonic Knights . He did not engage in a battle, but instead destroyed food supplies that the Knights left behind. As a result, many Knights died of starvation and exhaustion on their way back to Prussia region Prussia . In 1319 David was in charge of 800 men who raided Prussia as far as yna river. However, on their way back they were attacked by the Komtur of Tapiau present day Gvardeysk and lost all booty. Four years later, he took part in the Pskov ian punitive expedition to Danish Estonia . At the time Pskov was nominally under Novgorod , which was entangled into a conflict with Tver and could not defend Pskov from the Livonian Order . In response to looting in Staraya Ladoga Ladoga and Narva provinces, David, invited by Pskov nobles, led an expedition to Danish Estonia, an ally of the Order. In March and May 1324, the Order unsuccessfully besieged his native city. Since the end of 1324 David was based in Hrodna. In November of 1324 he raided the lands of Masovia n dukes who were allied with the Teutonic Knights. Later they complained to the pope that David destroyed 1 city, 117 villages, and many churches and monasteries. In 1326, he led the Lithuanian armies into Brandenburg and on the way back he was traitorously killed by a Masovian kn ... more details
, in the lower reaches of Volkhov River , around the town of StarayaLadoga Yazholvich skaa , to the southeast of Novgorod Knyazha , to the south of Novgorod, with the centre in Staraya ... Votes , in Ingria Oboniskaya , the southwestern shore of Ladoga Lake and near ... River that gave the name to the tysyacha Lop skaya , the southern shore of Ladoga Lake and possibly ... between Luga and Volkhov River Volkhov rivers, to the north of Novgorod and on the shores of Ladoga ... of Novgorod on the shores of White Sea , Ladoga and Onega lakes. Bezhetskaya, to the east ... more details
, willing to take StarayaLadogaLadoga , and to put it short, Novgorod and all of its lands. But still ... his small army to face the enemy before they had reached Lake Ladoga . The chronicle described the battle ... came to Novgorod that Swedes were sailing to Ladoga but prince Alexander did not hesitate at all, but went against them with Novgorodians and people of Ladoga and overcame them with the help of Saint ... the people of Ladoga 20 men or less, God knows. But prince Alexander came back home with Novgorodians and people of Ladoga, all well, protected by God and Holy Wisdom Saint Sophia and all ... more details
Infobox patriarch honorific prefix name Pimen patriarch of honorific suffix image caption enthroned 3 June 1971 ended 3 May 1990 church Russian Orthodox Church see Moscow predecessor Alexy I of Moscow Alexy I successor Alexy II of Moscow Alexy II birth name Sergey Mikhailovich Izvekov birth date birth date 1910 7 23 birth place Noginsk Bogorodsk , Russian Empire death date death date and age 1990 5 3 1910 7 23 death place Moscow , Soviet Union ordination 25 January 1932 consecration 17 November 1957 consecrated by Alexy I of Moscow Patriarch Pimen lang ru , born Sergey Mikhailovich Izvekov , OldStyleDate July 23 1910 July 10 May 3, 1990 , was the 14th Patriarch of Moscow and the head of the Russian Orthodox Church from 1971 to 1990. He was born in the town of Noginsk Bogorodsk near Moscow . On December 5, 1925, he became a monk at Sretensky Monastery Moscow Sretensky Monastery in Moscow. He also spent years in various Russian monasteries and cathedrals in Murom , Odessa and Pskov . In 1954 Pimen became head of Troitse Sergiyeva Lavra . On November 14, 1961 he was appointed metropolitan bishop Metropolitan of Saint Petersburg Leningrad and Staraya Ladoga Ladoga . After the death of Patriarch Alexius I metropolitan Pimen was elected the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia in 1971. Pimen s task was to lead a Christian church in a state ruled by an officially atheist Communist party. In his post he worked closely with the authorities he participated in numerous peace movement conferences sponsored by the government. Pimen was awarded the Soviet Peace Fund Medal 1969, 1971 and, in 1970, the Gold Medal Fighter for Peace by the Soviet Committee for the Defence of Peace . Pimen was a member of the World Peace Council from 1963 onwards. In 1961, Pimen was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour , one of the highest awards of the time. The Soviet Union Soviet state tried to limit and c ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Varangian Way Type studio Cover Album cover of The Varangian Way by Turisas.jpg Artist Turisas Released UK May 28, 2007 br Finland June 6, 2007 br Europe June 18, 2007 br North America July 17, 2007 br Japan July 25, 2007 Recorded November 2006 March 2007 at Sound Supreme Studio, H meenlinna, Finland Producer Mathias Nyg rd Mathias Warlord Nyg rd , Janne Saska Genre Folk metal br Viking metal Length 42 57 Label Century Media Last album Battle Metal br 2004 This album The Varangian Way br 2007 Next album Stand Up and Fight album Stand Up and Fight br 2011 The Varangian Way is the second full length album from Finnish folk metal band, Turisas and was released in 2007 in music 2007 . It is a concept album that tells the story of a group of Scandinavians traveling Trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks the river routes of medieval Russia , through Staraya Ladoga Ladoga , Novgorod Republic Novgorod and Kiev , down to the Byzantine Empire . A Special Directors Cut edition was released with the Rasputin Turisas song Rasputin single. Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r1070518 pure url yes link rev2 PopMatters rev2Score Rating 7 10 http www.popmatters.com pm music reviews 46329 turisas the varangian way link noprose yes Track listing To Holmgard and Beyond 5 17 A Portage to the Unknown 4 50 Cursed Be Iron 5 03 Fields of Gold Turisas song Fields of Gold 4 34 In the Court of Jarisleif 3 17 Five Hundred and One 6 18 The Dnieper Rapids 5 20 Miklagard Overture 8 18 Director s cut track listing To Holmgard and Beyond 5 17 A Portage to the Unknown 4 50 Cursed Be Iron 5 03 Fields of Gold 4 34 In the Court of Jarisleif 3 17 Five Hundred and One 6 18 The Dnieper Rapids 5 20 Miklagard Overture 8 18 Rasputin Boney M cover 3 53 To Holmgard and Beyond Single Edit 3 29 A Limited Edition Pagan Fest Tour Edition version comes with the bonus tracks with Rasputin and To Holmgard and Beyond swa ... more details
by A.K. Pankratov who covered a German machinegun spot with his breast. At Staraya Russa combat started ... of Staraya Russa on 12 August but could not hold on to their success because of total ... to cover the sector north of Lake Ilmen to Lake Ladoga . The major task of North West front now became to recapture the communications centre of Staraya Russa, in a fight that lasted for 880 days. There were ... One of the more successful attempts to regain ground in the Staraya Russa region was the Toropets ... sever.htm Information on fighting in the Staraya Russa sector in Russian http militera.lib.ru ... more details
Ladozhsky masculine , Ladozhskaya feminine , or Ladozhskoye neuter may refer to Ladozhsky Rail Terminal , a rail terminal in St. Petersburg, Russia Ladoga Canal Ladozhsky Kanal , a water transport route in Leningrad Oblast, linking the Neva and the Svir Rivers Ladozhskaya , a village stanitsa in Krasnodar Krai , Russia Ladozhskoye , a village in Tver Oblast , Russia Ladoga Seal Ladozhsky Seal See also Ladoga disambiguation Disambig ... more details
of Korela , Oreshek , Koporye , Luga, Leningrad Oblast Luga , and StarayaLadogaLadoga as a sort of buffer ... church. Fighting resumes Image LadogaKrepost.jpg thumb right The fortress of Ladoga was built in stone ... Ladoga but was soundly defeated with most of its ships captured by Novgorod. ref The Novgorod Karamzin ... in vain . Focus moves to Finland Apart from Ladoga, Novgorodian interests clashed with Sweden ... needed date September 2009 A Finnish retaliatory raid against Ladoga in 1228 ended in disaster ... September 2009 In response, a Swedish fleet embarked towards Ladoga and set that trade emporium on fire ... Oreshek , an important fortress dominating the entrance to Lake Ladoga . Treaty of N teborg ... more details
Russian archaeology begins in the Russian Empire in the 1850s and becomes Soviet archaeology in the early 20th century. The journal Sovetskaya Arkheologiia is published from 1957. Archaeologists see also List of Russian historians class sortable wikitable border 0 cellpadding 0 style background white text align left font size 95 border collapse collapse border 0 solid aaa width 90 Name Born Died Specialization Achievements Aleksey Uvarov 1825 1884 Dmitry Samokvasov 1843 1911 Dmitry Nikolayevich Anuchin 1843 1923 Nikodim Kondakov 1844 1925 Fyodor Uspensky 1845 1928 Nikolay Veselovsky 1848 1918 Vasilij Gorodtsov 1860 1945 Boris Farmakovsky 1870 1928 Michael Rostovtzeff 1870 1952 Sergei Rudenko 1885 1969 Mikhail Artamonov 1898 1972 Boris Grakov 1899 1970 Vasily Abaev 1900 2001 Artemiy Artsikhovsky 1902 1978 Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gerasimov Mikhail Gerasimov 1907 1970 Alexey Okladnikov 1908 1981 Boris Piotrovsky 1908 1990 Boris Rybakov 1908 2001 Boris Marshak 1933 2006 Pavel Dolukhanov Vladimir Masson Viktor Sarianidi 1929 Valentin Yanin 1929 Dmitry Machinsky 1937 Natalia Polosmak Yelena Yefimovna Kuzmina Yelena Kuzmina Sites Image Hermonassa 2.JPG thumb right 300px Excavation of Hermonassa Tmutarakan , September 2008 see Kurgan Eurasian nomads major archaeological cultures and sites in Russia Khvalynsk culture Eneolithic Novotitorovka culture Early Bronze Age Maykop culture Early Bronze Age Maykop kurgan Afanasevo culture Early Bronze Age Abashevo culture Bronze Age Andronovo culture Middle to Late Bronze Age Arkaim Sintashta Tanais Late Bronze to Iron Age Pazyryk culture Iron Age Tmutarakan Staraya Ladoga Viking Age Sarkel 9th century Literature G. Trigger, A History of Archaeological Thought, McGill University, Montr al, pp. 327ff. Mikhail Miller, Archaeology in the U.S.S.R, New York 1956 . See also History of archaeology History of Russia History of Central Asia Scythia Kurgan hypothesis List of Russian historians Asia topic Archaeology of Europe topic Archaeolog ... more details
ref Novgorod Province, Novgorod Governorate Novgorod Province Olonets , Porkhov , Novaya Ladoga , StarayaLadoga , Staraya Russa , and Tikhvin Pskov Province Pskov , Velye, Pskov Velye , Izborsk ... Uyezd Petrozavodsk Starorussky Uyezd Staraya Russa Tikhvinsky Uyezd Tikhvin Ustyuzhensky Uyezd Ustyuzhno .... It was inconvenient to have both civial and military administration in Staraya Russa, and therefore Starorussky Uyezd was abolished in 1824. The town of Staraya Russa and some adjacent territories ... Malaya Vishera Starorussky Uyezd Staraya Russa Valdaysky Uyezd Valday . Governors The administration ... more details
Image Tatarinov German Spring day in Old Ladoga new267bw.jpg Spring in StarayaLadoga Old Ladoga . 1961 ... Ladoga Publishing House, 2008. pp.176 177. ref In 2000, German Tatarinov was awarded the honorary ... Ladoga Edition, 2008. pp. 176 177. External links Commons category http www.leningradartist.com ... more details
new396bw.jpg Murmansk fish seaport. 1966 Image Kozlovskaya Marina Fortress in Old Ladoga 7win50bw.jpg Fortress in StarayaLadoga . 1974 Image Kozlovskaya Marina Moorage in Murmansk fish seaport ... more details
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