wiktionary stressStress may refer to tocright Mechanical Stress mechanics , the average amount of force exerted per unit area Compressive stress , the stress applied to materials resulting in their compaction. It is the ability of a material to resist being crushed. Tensile stress also referred to as tension is the stress state leading to expansion Yield engineering Yield stress , the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically Biology Stress biology Stress physiology Stress psychological Geology Compression geology , the set of stresses directed toward the center of a rock mass Shear geology , the response of a rock to deformation usually by compressive stress and forms particular textures Tension geology , occurs when a rock is pulled apart in two opposite directions Music Accent music Stress band , an early 1980s melodic rock band from San Diego Stress Metal band , a Brazilian speed metal band. Stress Neo Psychedelic band , from the late 1980s Stress , a song by French band Justice, from album Stress song , the Norwegian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968, performed in Norwegian by Odd B rre Stress Anonymus album Stress Daddy Freddy album Stress Daddy Freddy album Other Stress card game , card game Stress linguistics , phonological use of prominence in language Stress journal Stress journal , a medical journal published by Informa plc Stress The Unit Stress The Unit , an episode of the television series The Unit disambiguation ar bg bs Stres de Stress Begriffskl rung fa fr Stress homonymie ko it Stress he ja simple Stress sk Stres sr uk ... more details
Infobox single Name No Stress Cover No stress CD maxi .jpg Border Caption Artist Laurent Wolf Album Wash ... Last single Another Brick br 2006 This single No Stress br 2008 Next single Wash My World br ... No Stress is the name of a 2008 song recorded by the French House music house producer and DJ ... weeks. No Stress was also a hit in Belgium Wallonia and Flanders , where it hit number one for one week ... seven and totaled 72 weeks in the top 100. Track listings CD single Tracklist title1 No Stress note1 length1 3 26 CD maxi Tracklist title1 No Stress note1 radio edit length1 3 22 title2 No Stress note2 Anton Wick remix length2 7 28 title3 No Stress note3 Ortega & Gold remix length3 7 09 title4 Columbia note4 length4 5 10 12 maxi Tracklist title1 No Stress note1 original club mix length1 6 59 title2 No Stress note2 Anton Wick remix length2 7 28 title3 No Stress note3 Ortega & Gold remix length3 7 09 title4 No Stress note4 Anton Wick elektra remix length4 7 08 Digital download Tracklist title1 No Stress note1 Zen Acoustic version length1 3 26 title2 No Stress note2 radio edit length2 3 21 title3 No Stress note3 Anton Wick remix length3 7 29 title4 No Stress note4 Ortega & Gold remix length4 ... No Stress , Belgian Flanders Singles Chart url http www.ultratop.be nl showitem.asp?key 420755&cat ... ref cite web title No Stress , Belgian Wallonia Singles Chart url http www.ultratop.be fr showitem.asp ... 1 Czech Republic IFPI ref cite web title No Stress , Czech IFPI Chart url http www.ifpicr.cz hitparada ... No Stress , Danish Singles Chart url http danishcharts.com showitem.asp?interpret Laurent Wolf&titel ... 19 Europe Eurochart Hot 100 align center 7 France SNEP ref cite web title No Stress , French Singles ... 18 June 2008 ref align center 1 Hungary Dance Mahasz ref cite web title No Stress , Hungarian ... cite web title No Stress , Italian Singles Chart url http italiancharts.com showitem.asp?interpret ... 2008 ref align center 18 singlechart Dutch40 18 artist Laurent Wolf song No Stress Russian Airplay ... more details
Stress tensor may refer to Stress mechanics , in classical physics Stress energy tensor , in relativistic theories Maxwell stress tensor , in electromagnetism See also Stress disambiguation Tensor disambiguation disambig de Spannungstensor he ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Radial stress is Stress physics stress towards or away from the central axis of a curved member. br DEFAULTSORT Radial Stress Category Solid mechanics Engineering stub ... more details
Stress test may refer to Stress testing , a form of testing that is used to determine the stability of a given system or entity Stress testing Financial sector , broad overview of financial sector stress tests Bank stress tests , links to USA Supervisory Capital Assessment Program stress testing and EU banking stress test exercise program Stress testing software , determines the robustness of software Cardiac stress test Stress Test television , an episode of Brandy and Mr Whiskers Contraction stress test For stress testing of materials, see Fatigue material dab Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Stress intensity can refer to Stress intensity factor in fracture mechanics Tresca effective stress after Henri Tresca in material yielding disambig ... more details
refimprove date October 2010 File Stress ball manipulation.jpg thumb A stress ball in use File Turkey stress reliever.jpg thumb A turkey shaped foam rubber stress reliever A stress ball is a malleable toy, usually not more than 7 cm in diameter. It is squeezed in the hand and manipulated by the fingers, ostensibly to either help relieve stress and muscle tension or to exercise the muscles of the hand. There are many types of stress balls. Many are a closed cell polyurethane foam rubber . This type of stress ball is made by injecting the liquid components of the foam into a mold. The resulting chemical reaction creates carbon dioxide bubbles as a byproduct, which in turn creates the foam. ref cite web url http www.stressballs.gb.com info stressfaq.html title Stress Ball FAQs archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20080215101551 http www.stressballs.gb.com info stressfaq.html archivedate Feb. 15, 2008 ref Stress balls, especially those used in physical therapy , can also contain gel of different ... balls similar to a footbag are marketed and used as stress balls. Despite the name, many stress balls are not spherical. Many stress toys are molded in amusing shapes and screen or transfer printed with corporate logos. They are presented to employees and clients as promotional gifts. Stress balls are the third most popular promotional gift in the UK. citation needed date October 2010 Stress toys are a staple of cubicle s where repetitive stress injury repetitive stress injuries such as carpal tunnel syndrome are common. Because of the many shapes now available, stress balls are generically known as stress relievers. Citation needed date August 2007 References reflist Commons category Stress balls DEFAULTSORT Stress Ball Category Ergonomics Category Physical therapy Category Stress Category Balls Category Executive toys Category Rubber toys ar fr Balle anti stress it Palla anti stress ml nl Stressbal sv Stressboll ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date October 2008 In continuum mechanics , Haigh Westergaard stress space , or simply stress space is a 3 dimensional space in which the three spatial axes represent the three principal stresses for a body subject to Stress physics stress . Functions of the principal stresses, such as the yield function, can be represented by surfaces in stress space . In particular, the surface represented by von Mises stress von Mises yield function is a right circular cylinder, equiaxial to each of the three stress axes. In 2 dimensional models, stress space reduces to a plane and the von Mises yield surface reduces to an ellipse. DEFAULTSORT Stress Space Category Continuum mechanics ... more details
orphan date December 2009 Contrastive stress is the Stress linguistics stressing of a word or syllable different from its normal Stress linguistics accentuation or pronunciation for the purpose of providing contrast or focus from an alternative word or syllable. Examples In the Gettysburg Address given by Abraham Lincoln , the stress given in the words of , by , and for in the sentence of the people, by the people, for the people is used to distinguish the three words as having greater purpose than the common terms. ref http dictionary.reference.com browse contrastive stress ref References Reflist Category Phonology Category Phonetics ... more details
Italic title Infobox journal title Stress cover File Stress front cover.jpg thumbnail center discipline Stress biology Stress , neurology abbreviation Stress editor John A. Russell publisher Informa country United Kingdom website http www.informahealthcare.com sts impact 3.205 impact year 2009 frequency Bimonthly history 1996 present ISSN 1025 3890 eISSN 1607 8888 CODEN STREFR OCLC 36276980 Stress is a Peer review peer reviewed medical journal covering interdisciplinary aspects of stress in terms of the mechanisms of stressful stimulation, the physiological and behavioural responses to stress, and their regulation, in both the short and long term adaptive mechanisms, coping strategies and the pathological consequences of stress. This includes research in physiology , neuroscience neurobiology , molecular biology , genetics , immunology , and behavioural studies. Stress is published by Informa and is edited by John A. Russell University of Edinburgh College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, UK . Ref Cite web url http informahealthcare.com page EditorialAdvisoryBoard?journalCode sts title Stress Editorial Board accessdate 14 06 2010 ref The journal was established in 1996 and according to the Journal Citation Reports it has a 2009 impact factor of 3.205. The journal is published 6 times a year. ref cite web url http informahealthcare.com loi sts?open 2009 title Stress Online Publications accessdate 09 06 2010 format work ref References Reflist Category Medical journals Category Informa academic journals Category English language journals Category Bimonthly journals Category Publications established in 1996 ... more details
Orphan date November 2006 Context date October 2009 Stress Migration is a failure mechanism that often occurs in IC metallization aluminum , copper . Voids form as result of vacancy migration driven by the hydrostatic stress gradient. Large voids may lead to open circuit or unacceptable resistance increase that impededs the IC performance. Stress Migration is often referred as Stress Voiding , Stress Induced Voiding or SIV . High temperature processing of copper dual damascene structures leaves the copper with a large tensile stress due to a mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials involved. The stress can relax with time through the diffusion of vacancies leading to the formation of voids and ultimately open circuit failures. ref Stress Migration and the Mechanical Properties of Copper, G.B. Alers, et al ref References references Category Semiconductor device fabrication industry stub ... more details
Flow stress is defined as the instantaneous value of stress required to continue deforming the material to keep the metal flowing. It is the yield strength of the metal as a function of strain, which can be expressed ref Mikell P. Groover, 2007, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing Materials, Processes, and Systems, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc. ref Yf Ke sup n sup Yf Flow stress, MPa e Strain materials science True strain K Strength Coefficient, MPa n Work hardening Strain hardening exponent Hence, Flow stress can also be defined as the stress required to sustain plastic deformation at a particular strain. The flow stress is a function of plastic strain. Flow stresses occur when a mass of flowing fluid induces a dynamic pressure on a conduit wall. The force of the fluid striking the wall acts as the load. This type of stress may be applied in an unsteady fashion when flow rates fluctuate. Water hammer is an example of a transient flow stress. The following properties that have an effect on flow stress chemical composition , purity, crystal structure , phase constitution, exit microstructure, grain size , and heat treatment . ref http www.metalpass.com metaldoc paper.aspx?docID 3 Flow Stress Bot generated title ref References reflist Category Metallurgy Category Mechanical engineering engineering stub ... more details
near the hole A stress concentration often called stress raisers or stress risers is a location in an object where stress physics stress is concentrated. An object is strongest when force is evenly distributed ... in stress. A material can fail, via a crack propagation propagating crack , when a concentrated stress exceeds the material s theoretical cohesive strength. The real fracture strength of a material ... especially foreign particles that concentrate stress. Fatigue material Fatigue cracks always start at stress raisers, so removing such defects increases the fatigue strength . Causes Image Stress.JPG right thumb 140px The sharp corner at the brick has acted as a stress concentrator within the concrete ... in the intensity of a stress field. The examples of shapes that cause these concentrations are cracks ... to minimize stress concentrations. Prevention A counter intuitive method of reducing one of the worst types of stress concentrations, a Fracture crack , is to drill a large hole at the end of the crack. The drilled hole, with its relatively large diameter , causes a smaller stress concentration ... opportune time. It is important to systematically check for possible stress concentrations caused ... to support the femur after a hip fracture fracture , but the concentration of stress at its bend increases the possibility that it may break under force. The term stress raiser is used in orthopedics a focus point of stress on an implant medicine implanted orthosis is very likely to be its point of failure. Classic cases of metallurgy metal failures due to stress concentrations include metal ... Ocean . Concentration factor for cracks main Stress intensity factor The maximum stress felt ... crack of length math 2a math and width math 2b math , under an applied external stress math sigma math , the stress at the ends of the major axes is given by math sigma max sigma left 1 ... tip. A stress concentration factor is the ratio of the highest stress math sigma max math ... more details
Cleanup date June 2008 Traumatic Stress is a commonly used term describing reactive anxiety and depression . It is not a medical term and is not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM . What is popularly referred to as Traumatic Stress is covered in DSM IV by Adjustment disorder Adjustment Disorders . This includes subtypes of anxiety , Depression mood depression and disturbance of conduct and combinations of these symptoms. It results from events that are less threatening and distressing than the events that lead to posttraumatic stress disorder . The condition presents in a manner similar to posttraumatic stress disorder , but lacking the same intensity. Category Stress ... more details
Infobox IPA above Secondary stress ipa symbol ipa number 502 decimal1 716 Secondary stress or secondary accent obsolete is the weaker of two degrees of Stress linguistics stress in the pronunciation of a word the stronger degree of stress is called primary . The help IPA International Phonetic Alphabet symbol for secondary stress is a short vertical line preceding and at the foot of the stressed ... accents for primary and secondary stress pron nci tion . Most languages, if they have stress at all, have only one degree of it on the phonemic level. That is, each syllable has stress or it does not. Many languages have rhythmic stress location of the stress may not be predictable, but once the location of one stressed syllable which may be the primary stress is known, certain syllables before or after can be predicted to also be stressed these may have secondary stress. However, a few languages may have secondary stress that is not predictable, that is, phonemic. English is generally considered to be such a language, but this analysis is problematic. Degrees of stress in English In many phonological approaches, and in many dictionaries, English is represented as having two levels of stress. Secondary stress is important primarily in long words with several syllables before the primary stress, such as c unterint lligence IPA ka nt r. n t l d ns , and after the primary stress in many ... with secondary stress in Merriam Webster s dictionaries, for example, but not in the Oxford English Dictionary. Both dictionaries assign secondary stress to the counter of counterintelligence. ref Indeed, in some theories English has been described as having three levels of stress primary, secondary ... one degree of stress, as long as unstressed vowel unstressed syllables are phonemically distinguished ... phoneme phonemic stress. They report that often the alleged secondary stress in English is not characterized by the increase in respiratory activity normally associated with primary stress in English ... more details
Cyclic stress in engineering refers to an internal distribution of forces a stress that changes over time in a repetitive fashion. As an example, consider one of the large wheels used to drive an aerial lift such as a ski lift . The Wire rope wire cable wrapped around the wheel exerts a downward force on the wheel and the drive shaft supporting the wheel. Although the shaft, wheel, and cable move the force remains nearly vertical relative to the ground. Thus a point on the surface of the drive shaft will undergo tension when it is pointing towards the ground and compression when it is pointing to the sky. Because the wheel rotates many times during the use of the machine, this cycle of Tensile stress tension and Compressive stress compression is repeated many times &mdash hence the name cyclic stress. Types of cyclic stress Cyclic stress is frequently encountered in rotating machinery where a bending moment is applied to a rotating part. This is called a cyclic bending stress and the aerial lift above is a good example. However, cyclic axial stress es and cyclic torsional stress es also exist. An example of cyclic axial stress would be a bungee cord see bungee jumping , which must support the mass of people as they jump off structures such as bridges. When a person reaches the end ... a large axial stress in the cord. A fraction of the elastic potential energy stored in the cord ... he or she fell. The person then falls on the cord again, inducing stress in the cord. This happens ..., but have a torque that varies significantly over time. Cyclic stress and material failure When ... cyclic stresses into mean and alternating components. Mean stress is the time average of the principal stress. Alternating stress is the difference between the mean and the maximum or the mean and the minimum value the principal stress takes on. Engineers try to design mechanisms whose parts are subjected to a single type bending, axial, or torsional of cyclic stress because this more ... more details
A stress field is a region in a body for which the Stress physics stress is defined at every point. Stress fields are widely used in fluid dynamics and materials science . Intuitively, one can picture the stress fields as the Stress physics stress created by adding an extra half plane of atoms to a crystal . The bonds are clearly stretched around the location of the dislocation and this stretching causes the stress field to form. Atomistic bonds farther and farther away from the dislocation center are less and less stretched which is why the stress field dissipates as the distance from the dislocation center increases. Each dislocation within the material has a stress field associated with it. The creation of these stress fields are a result of the material trying to dissipate mechanical energy that is being exerted on the material. By convention these dislocations are labeled as either positive or negative depending on whether the stress field of the dislocation is mostly compressive or tensile. By modeling or dislocations and their stress fields as either a positive compression physical compressive field or negative tension physics tensile field charges we can understand how dislocations interact with each other in the lattice. If two positive fields come in contact with one another they will be repelled by one another. On the other hand if two opposing charges come into contact ... dislocation motion is the primary mechanism behind plastic deformation, increasing the stress required to move dislocations directly increases the yield strength of the material. The theory of stress .... Stress fields can be created by adding different sized atoms to the lattice solute strengthening . If a smaller atom is added to the lattice a tensile stress field is created. The atomistic ... to the lattice a compressive stress field is created. The atomistic bonds are shorter due to the larger radius of the solute atom. The stress fields created by adding solute atoms form the basis of the material ... more details
Biotic Stress is stress biological stress that occurs as a result of damage done to plants by other living organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, beneficial and harmful insects, weeds, and cultivated or native plant s. Agriculture It is a major focus of agricultural research, due to the vast economic losses caused by biotic stress to cash crops. The relationship between biotic stress and plant yield affects economic decisions as well as practical development. The impact of biotic injury on crop yield impacts population dynamics , plant stressor coevolution , and ecosystem nutrient cycling. ref Robert K.D. Peterson, Leon G. Higley. Biotic Stress and Yield Loss. 2001. ref Biotic stress also impacts horticultural plant health and natural habitat s ecology. Biological pest control Biological pest control herbivore agents feeding on invasive species results in biotic stress, part of reducing and controlling some noxious weed s in agricultural areas and natural ecosystems. The use of Neochetina eichhorniae mottled water hyacinth weevil Neochetina eichhorniae worldwide on Eichhornia crassipes water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes is an example. ref http el.erdc.usace.army.mil pmis mergedProjects Biocontrol html neochetina eichhorniae mottled waterhyacinth weevil.htm U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Waterways Experiment Station Neochetina eichhorniae Mottled Waterhyacinth Weevil . accessed 1.11.2011 ref ref http australianmuseum.net.au image Waterhyacinth Weevil Neochetina eichhorniae Australian Museum Waterhyacinth Weevil, Neochetina eichhorniae . accessed ... biotic stress from root, water, or nutrient competition below the surface, or from shading of sunlight ... stress Biotic component List of beneficial weeds References refs modelling ecosystems Category Stress Category Agroecology Category Habitat management equipment and methods Category Habitat ecology terminology biology stub fr Stress biotique uk ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Stress analysis is an engineering e.g., civil engineering and mechanical engineering discipline that determines the stress mechanics stress in materials and structures subjected to statics static or dynamics mechanics dynamic force s or loads. A stress analysis is required ... among others, under prescribed or expected loads. Stress analysis may be applied as a design step ... loading. For example, this might be achieved when the determined stress from the applied force ... measured in Mega mega pascals MPa or giga pascals GPa . In imperial units , stress is expressed ... inch ksi . Analysis methods The analysis of stress within a body implies the determination at each point of the body of the magnitudes of the nine stress components. In other words, it is the determination ... , Shear stress shear , torsion mechanics torsion , bending , or combinations of such loads. When ... at a lower stress than they would otherwise. The analysis to determine stresses under these cyclic ... structural systems. Modelling To determine the distribution of stress in a structure it is necessary ... linear elastic materials, are used to describe the stress Deformation mechanics strain relationship ... relations, and boundary conditions. All real objects occupy a three dimensional space. The stress ... dimensional analysis a plane stress or a plane strain condition can be assumed. Experimental testing Stress analysis can be performed experimentally by applying forces to a test element or structure and then determining the resulting stress using sensor s. In this case the process would more ... determining stress in a physical part. Strain gauges are essentially thin flat resistors ... direction. From the measurement of strain on a surface in three directions the stress state in the part ... strain in a part. Image Plastic Protractor Polarized 05375.jpg thumb Stress in plastic protractor ... phenomenon of birefringence . Unlike the analytical methods of stress determination, photoelasticity ... more details
Stress management refers to a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapy psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person s levels of Stress biological stress , especially chronic stress , usually for the purpose of improving everyday functioning. In this context, the term stress refers only to a stress ... by Hans Selye , rather than what he calls eustress , a stress whose consequences are helpful or otherwise positive. Stress produces numerous symptoms which vary according to persons, situations, and severity ... to the St. Louis Psychologists and Counseling Information and Referral, the process of stress management ... numerous demands that can prove difficult to handle, stress management provides a number of ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well being. Despite stress often being thought of as a subjective experience, levels of stress are readily measureable using various physiological tests, similar to those used in polygraph s. Many practical stress management techniques are available, some for use by health practitioners and others for self help , which may help an individual to reduce stress, provide ... of the different stress management techniques can be difficult to assess, as few of them have ... or alternative therapies. There are several Scientific modelling model s of stress management, each with distinctive explanations of mechanisms for controlling stress. Much more research is necessary ... scientific basis for the study of stress. They measured the physiological responses of animals ...., NY Norton Pubs. ref ref cite journal author Selye, H year 1950 title Stress and the general adaptation ... studies of stress in humans by Richard Rahe and others established the view that stress is caused ... by the median degree of stress they produce leading to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale . Thus, stress was traditionally conceptualized to be a result of external insults beyond the control of those experiencing the stress. More recently, however, it has been argued that external ... more details
Stress shielding refers to the reduction in bone density osteopenia as a result of removal of normal stress from the bone by an implant for instance, the femoral component of a hip replacement hip prosthesis . This is because by Wolff s law , bone in a healthy person or animal will remodel in response to the loads it is placed under. Therefore, if the loading on a bone decreases, the bone will become less dense and weaker because there is no stimulus for continued remodeling that is required to maintain bone mass. External links http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?stress shielding Stress shielding , Online Medical Dictionary. Category Orthopedic surgery Category Skeletal disorders med stub ... more details
Peierls stress is the force first discovered by Rudolph Peierls and modified by Frank Nabarro needed to move a dislocation within a plane of atoms in the unit cell . The magnitude varies periodically as the dislocation moves within the plane. Peierls stress depends on the size and width of a dislocation and the distance between planes. Because of this, Peierls stress decreases with increasing distance between atomic planes. Yet since the distance between planes increases with planar atomic density, Slip materials science slip of the dislocation is preferred on closely packed planes. Peierls Nabarro stress proportionality math tau mathrm PN frac 2G 1 v e 2 pi W b math Where math W frac a 1 v math the dislocation width math G math shear modulus math nu math Poisson s ratio math b math interatomic spacing math a math interplanar spacing The Peierls stress and yield strength temperature sensitivity The Peierls stress also relates to the temperature sensitivity of the yield strength of a material because it too depends on both short range atomic order and atomic bond strength. As temperature increases, the vibration of atoms increases and thus both peierls stress and yield strength decrease as a result of weaker atomic bond strength at high temperatures. References Hertzberg, Richard W. Deformation and Fracture Mechanics of Engineering Materials 4th Edition Category Crystallographic defects Category Article Feedback 5 fa ... more details
Refimprove date December 2010 Merge Workplace stress date December 2010 Occupational Stress is stress biological stress involving Employment work . Stress is defined in terms of its physical and physiological ... or a situation or factor that can cause stress. ref http dictionary.reference.com ref Occupational stress occurs when there is a discrepancy between the demands of the environment workplace and an individual ..., A.J. year 2008 title Occupational Stress in Organizations journal Journal of Management Research ... can strain a person physically as well as mentally. One of the main causes of occupational stress ... work environment , downsizing, and shift work can result in occupational stress. ref name Brynien ... to the stress. ref name Brynien Downsizing may also be due to the privatization of a company ... of others, do not offer encouragement, or create a hostile work environment, this can cause stress ... security , and underutilized job abilities are also causes of occupational stress. cn date March 2011 Effects Physical symptoms that may occur because of occupational stress include fatigue medical ... cite journal author Ishikawa, S, et al. year 2009 title Prospective Study on Occupational Stress ... and immune system dysfunction. Prolonged occupational stress can lead to occupational burnout . Stress Models The demand control model and the effort reward imbalance model are two work stress ... rewards. It also acknowledges a personal component to the cause of stress, overcommitment . ref cite journal author Jonge, J., Landsbergis, P. & Vegchel, N. year 2005 title Occupational Stress in inter ... volume 26 issue 5 pages 535 560 doi 10.1002 job.327 ref See also Workplace stressStress management ... 149. Minas, C. Feb 2000 Stress at Work a Sociological Perspective The Canadian Review of Sociology ... of work related stress campaign. By A Pilkington and others. 2000 . Sudbury HSE Books. Contract ... stress.aspx Stress Toolkit IOSH Aspects of occupations DEFAULTSORT Occupational Stress Category Stress ... more details
Differential stress is the difference between the greatest and the least compressive stress experienced by an object. For both the geology geological and civil engineering convention math sigma 1 math is the greatest compressive stress and math sigma 3 math is the weakest, math sigma D sigma 1 sigma 3 math . In other engineering fields and in physics , math sigma 1 math is the greatest compressive stress and math sigma 3 math is the weakest, so math sigma D sigma 3 sigma 1 math . These conventions originated because geologists and civil engineers especially soil mechanics soil mechanicians are often concerned with failure in compression, while many other engineers are concerned with failure in tension physics tension . A further reason for the second convention is that it allows a positive stress to cause a Compressibility compressible object to increase in size, making the sign convention self consistent. In structural geology , differential stress is used to assess whether tensile failure tensile or shear failure will occur when a Mohr circle plotted using math sigma 1 math and math sigma 3 math touches the failure envelope of the rocks. If the differential stress is less than four times the tensile strength of the rock geology rock , then extensional failure will occur. If the differential stress is more than four times the tensile strength of the rock, then shear failure will occur. ref Cosgrove. J. W. 1998 The role of structural geology in reservoir characterization. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 127 p. 1 13 ref References references DEFAULTSORT Differential Stress Category Geology Geology stub phys stub nl Differentiaalspanning ... more details
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