thumb 1540 Strobolume, a professional grade stroboscope produced by General Radio File 1540 ... of the stroboscope in 1832, when he used a disc with radial slits which he turned while viewing images ... the Stroboscope , and it is his term which is used today. The etymology is from the Greek words ..., French engineer Etienne Oehmichen patented the first electric stroboscope, ref fr http centrale ... per second. The electronic strobe light stroboscope was invented in 1931, when Harold Eugene Edgerton ... hoarseness . The patient hums or speaks into a microphone which in turn activates the stroboscope ... endoscopy . Another application of the stroboscope can be seen on many phonograph gramophone ... stroboscope http courses.ncssm.edu gallery collections toys html exhibit07.htm Demonstration of Phenakistoscope and Stroboscope at North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics Category Measuring instruments ... eu Estroboskopio fa fr Stroboscope hi io Stroboskopo it Stroboscopio he ... more details
Stroboscopic may refer to Stroboscopic effect , visual temporal aliasing Stroboscope , any of various stroboscopic devices Strobe light , high intensity and short duration stroboscopic device disambig ... more details
File 1540 Strobolume by General Radio Corporation separate control box and strobe on tripod.jpg thumb 1540 Strobolume, a professional grade stroboscope produced by General Radio File 1540 Strobolume by General Radio Corporation Close up of the control box 1540 P1 .JPG thumb Close up view of the 1540 Strobolume control box General Radio Company later, GenRad was a broad line manufacturer of electronic test equipment . Started in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1915, the company moved to Concord, Massachusetts West Concord in the 1950s. There, it became a major player in the automatic test equipment ATE business, manufacturing a line of testers for assembled printed circuit board s. It also produced extensive lines of electrical component measuring equipment, sound and vibration measurement and RLC circuit RLC standards. Primarily because of its line of ATE equipment, the company was eventually acquired by Teradyne in 2001 and has now been relocated to Teradyne s corporate campus in North Reading, Massachusetts North Reading , Massachusetts. In 1991, QuadTech, Inc. was founded as spinoff of GenRad s Instrumentation Division. Today, QuadTech is a leading provider of hipot testers, lcr meters, cable testers and testing automation software. The classic instrument line including RLC standards and decades, Digibridges, Ohmmeter megohmmeters , stroboscopes, and sound level meters was acquired by IET Labs and continues to be manufactured and supported in West Roxbury, MA. Among General Radio s accomplishments over the years have been The introduction of one of the world s first portable oscilloscope s The production of many high precision standards for Electrical resistance resistance and capacitance The commercial production of the stroboscope as the Strobotac The commercial production of the sound level meter Commercial invention of the binding post . Invention of the GR connector The Variac variable autotransformer See also James Kilton Clapp External links http www.teradyne. ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2009 A viewing instrument is a device used for viewing or examining an object or scene, or some electrical property or signal. In some cases the thing viewed is mathematical. The names of many viewing instruments is derived from the English language English suffix scope , meaning see , which derives from the scientific Latin suffix scopium , meaning a viewing instrument, which in turn originates from the ancient Greek language Greek verb skopein , meaning to examine . Glossary of types of viewing instrument binoculars Cinemascope cystoscope electroscope electrotachyscope endoscope fibrescope finderscope fluoroscope Galvanometer galvanoscope gastroscope gonioscope iconoscope kaleidoscope kinescope kinetoscope laryngoscope microscope oscilloscope Otoscope periscope phenakistoscope also phenakistiscope praxinoscope Rotoscope spectroscope stethoscope stereoscope stroboscope tachistoscope telescope teleidoscope viewfinder See also wiktionary scope Optical instrument Category Greek suffixes de skop ... more details
for the United States Copyright Office United States Copyright Office USCO was a media art artist collective collective in the 60s and 70s, founded by Michael Callahan and Gerd Stern , who also founded Intermedia Systems Corporation which produced multimedia art internationally. Influenced by media theorist Marshall McLuhan , they were using stroboscope s, projectors and audiotapes in their performances. Eventually they moved into an old church in Garnerville , Rockland County , NY. To underline the community character of the project, USCO used the phrase We are all one . The abbreviation USCO stands for The Company of Us . Among its members were the painter Stephen Durkee and the video artist Jud Yalkut . Stewart Brand , although not a formal member of the group, held close relations to USCO. References Gerd Stern, http content.cdlib.org xtf view?docId kt409nb28g&brand oac&doc.view entire text From Beat Scene Poet to Psychedelic Multimedia Artist in San Francisco and Beyond, 1948 1978 , an oral history conducted in 1996 by Victoria Morris Byerly, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library , University of California, Berkeley, 2001. Retrieved on August 15, 2008. Douglas Davis, Art and the Future A History Prophecy of the Collaboration Between Science, Technology and Art. New York. Praeger, 1973 Category American artist groups and collectives Art org stub ... more details
The Merrill Wheel Balancing System was the world s first electronic dynamic wheel balancing system. It was invented in 1945 by Marcellus Merrill at the Merrill Engineering Laboratories, 2390 South Tejon Street, Englewood, Colorado , and is now recorded on the list of IEEE Milestones in electronic engineering ref cite web url http www.ieeeghn.org wiki index.php Milestones Merrill Wheel Balancing System, 1945 title Milestones Merrill Wheel Balancing System, 1945 author date work IEEE Global History Network publisher IEEE accessdate 3 August 2011 ref and as an American Society of Mechanical Engineers landmark. Before Merrill s invention, all wheel balancing for automobiles, trucks, etc., required removal of the wheel from the vehicle. Most required some form of static balancing without wheel rotation, which was slow and error prone. Merrill s invention balanced wheels while still mounted to the vehicle, by spinning them at high speed and electronically analyzing the vibrations to trigger a stroboscope . Technicians could then determine where balancing weights should be added. References references http www.asme.org Communities History Landmarks Merrill Wheel Balancing.cfm ASME Landmarks Category Automotive technologies ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Not Completely Clean Type studio Artist Frogcircus Cover Frogcircus Not Completely Clean.jpg Released 1 July 2008 Recorded 2006 Genre Indie rock Indie Length 46 00 Label BlackRock Records Producer J rgen Block & Frogcircus Last album Allergic album Allergic br 2005 This album Not Completely Clean br 2008 Next album Not Completely Clean is the fourth album by Spain Spanish Germany German rock band Frogcircus . It was released on the German label BlackRock Records in 2008. The album was recorded during 12 days in August 2006 at TB Sound Studio in Treuenbrietzen Germany by J rgen Block, who is also credited as co producer. Track listing What s The Voltage William? Follow You Around If You Only No Better Frames Of The Past Peaches Stitch The Memories Sometimes Off The Tide Into The Sea Time Stroboscope 1976 Scent Berlin All songs written by Stone, except 6 & 11 written by Timo G nzel. Personnel Stone vocals, guitar br Timo G nzel bass br Tobi Fr hlich drums br Category 2008 albums Category Frogcircus albums ... more details
File Max Oertel.jpg thumb upright Max Joseph Oertel. Max Joseph Oertel March 20, 1835 July 17, 1897 was a Germany German physician. He developed a system for the correction of respiratory troubles, and invented the laryngeal stroboscope . Biography Oertel was a native of Dillingen an der Donau Dillingen . In 1863 he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Munich , where he spent the following four years as assistant to Karl von Pfeufer 1806 1869 . In 1867 he received his habilitation, attaining a professorship at Munich in 1876. ref http www.zeno.org Pagel 1901 A Oertel, Max Joseph Pagel Biographical Dictionary biography ref He is credited with being the first physician to use a laryngeal stroboscope for examination of the larynx . He combined a stroboscopic lamp with a laryngeal mirror in order to study vocal movements in different registers. Application of the strobe light allowed him to view the vibrating vocal cord s in slow motion, thus enabling detailed views of the larynx in an open or closed position. Oertel was the author of a number of written works on cardiac, circulatory and obesity disorders, and was an early advocate of the terrain cure , a set of therapeutic exercises that involved graduated hiking and climbing. Oertel made contributions to the study of diphtheria by reproducing the disease in laboratory rabbits. However, he was unable to locate the etiology medicine aetiology of the disease. In 1883 the causative microbe Corynebacterium diphtheriae was discovered by Dr. Edwin Klebs 1834 1913 . Selected writings Ueber den laryngologischen Unterricht , 1878 Respiratorische Therapie , 1882 Therapie der Kreislaufs St rungen , etc. 1884 Therapy for circulation disorders. Ueber Terrain Curorte zur Behandlung von Kranken mit Kreislaufs St rungen , etc. 1886 Terrain Cure to treat patients with circulatory disease circulation disorders . Die pathogenese der epidemischen Diphtherie nach ihrer histologischen Begr ndung , 1887 Pathogenesis of the d ... more details
Infobox film name Quicker n a Wink image caption director George Sidney producer Pete Smith film producer Pete Smith writer Buddy Adler narrator starring Clarence Curtis br Harold Eugene Edgerton Harold E. Edgerton music cinematography Harold E. Edgerton br Walter Lundin editing Philip W. Anderson distributor Metro Goldwyn Mayer MGM released film date 1940 10 12 runtime 10 minutes country Film US language English budget Quicker n a Wink is a 1940 short film short documentary film about Stroboscope stroboscopic photography , directed by George Sidney . It won an Academy Award in 13th Academy Awards 1941 for Academy Award, Best Short Subject, One reel Best Short Subject One Reel . ref name NY Times cite web url http movies.nytimes.com movie 139699 Quicker n a Wink details title New York Times Quicker n a Wink accessdate 2008 05 17 work NY Times ref Cast Clarence Curtis uncredited Harold Eugene Edgerton Harold E. Edgerton Himself uncredited Tex Harris uncredited Charles Lacey uncredited June Preisser uncredited Pete Smith film producer Pete Smith Narrator uncredited References Reflist External links imdb title id 0032960 title Quicker n a Wink AcademyAwardBestShort 1931 1940 DEFAULTSORT Quickern A Wink Category 1940 films Category 1940s documentary films Category 1940s short films Category American films Category Live Action Short Film Academy Award winners Category Black and white films Category Films produced by Pete Smith film producer Category Films directed by George Sidney Category American documentary films Category Documentary films about technology sci documentary stub de Quicker n a Wink ... more details
Merge Stroboscope date September 2010 Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Strobe 2.gif thumb right Depending on the frequency of flash, the element appears motionless or rotating in reverse direction The stroboscopic effect is a visual optical phenomenon phenomenon caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous motion is represented by a series of short or instantaneous samples. It occurs when the view of a moving object is represented by a series of short samples as distinct from a continuous view, and the moving object is in rotational or other cyclic motion at a rate close to the sampling signal processing sampling rate . It also accounts for the wagon wheel effect , so called because in video or film , spoked wheels on horse drawn wagons sometimes appear to be turning backwards. A strobe fountain, a stream of water droplets falling at regular intervals lit with a strobe light , is an example of the stroboscopic effect being applied to a cyclic motion that is not rotational. When viewed under normal light, this is a normal water fountain. When viewed under a strobe light with its frequency tuned to the rate at which the droplets fall, the droplets appear to be suspended in mid air. Adjusting the strobe frequency can make the droplets seemingly move slowly up or down. Explanation Consider the stroboscope as used in mechanical analysis. This may be a strobe light that is fired at an adjustable rate. For example, an object is rotating at 60 revolutions per second if it is viewed with a series of short flashes at 60 times per second, each flash illuminates the object at the same position in its rotational cycle, so it appears that the object is stationary. Furthermore, at a frequency of 60 flashes per second, persistence of vision smooths out the sequence of flashes so that the perceived image is continuous. If the same rotating object is viewed at 61 flashes per second, each flash will illuminate it at a slightly earlier part of its rotational cycle. Sixty one flashes ... more details
File ActionShot Bike01.jpg right upright 1.5 thumb alt Synthetic photograph with several appearances of a guy riding a bicycle on a bicycle ground ActionShot photograph of a bicycle rider. File AS ski.jpg right upright 1.5 thumb alt Synthetic photograph with several appearances of snowboarder gliding over a snow covered valley ActionShot photograph of a snowboarder. ActionShot is a method of capturing an object in action and displaying it in a single image with multiple sequential appearances of the object. Additional names action synopsis, motion synopsis, panoramic video synopsis, dynamic still, synopsis mosaic, stromotion. Background There are many methods for capturing panoramic images , some being fully manual or semi automatic, and others completely automatic. However, the majority of these methods are for creating panoramic photos of a static landscape. In contrast, the capture of a dynamic scene i.e. recording the motion of a moving object is typically done by video recording. ActionShot is a method that combines elements of both panoramic and video photography to create panoramic photos of dynamic scenes that take place over a wide angle area. This involves capturing a moving object e.g. a person running, riding a bicycle or skiing and depicting multiple instances of this object over a single panoramic background. Methods Hardware Stroboscope s have been used to create static images of an action. The moving object is illuminated by the periodic light flashes generated by the stroboscope and is shot by a stills camera using a long exposure. This results in a photograph that displays multiple images of the object along its path. ActionShot photography is now available as part of camera application on Samsung Android Galaxy Premium Devices Samsung Galaxy S and Samsung Galaxy S2 Manual image editing To create a dynamic panoramic image manually, a photographer needs to take several shots of a moving object and then combine them together using manual image regist ... more details
Jammin the Blues is a 1944 in film 1944 short film in which several prominent jazz musicians got together for a rare filmed jam session. It featured Lester Young , Red Callender , Harry Edison , Marlowe Morris , Sid Catlett , Barney Kessel , Jo Jones , John Simmons , Illinois Jacquet , Marie Bryant , Archie Savage and Garland Finney . Barney Kessel is the only white performer in the film. He was seated in the shadows to shade his skin, and for closeups, his hands were stained with berry juice. Citation needed date March 2012 The movie was artfully directed by famed still photographer Gjon Mili , edited by former MGM film editor Norman Granz ref name BlackBeauty Black Beauty, White Heat A Pictorial History of Classic Jazz 1920 1950, Frank Driggs & Harris Lewine. 1982 William Morrow and Company ISBN 0 688 03771 2 ref , with lighting and photography directed by Robert Burks his first credit in this field , and released by Warner Bros. Producer Gordon Hollingshead was nominated for an Academy Award in the category of Academy Award, Best Short Subject, One reel Best Short Subject, One reel . Working with Harold Eugene Edgerton of MIT , Mili was a pioneer in the use of stroboscope stroboscopic instruments to capture a sequence of actions in one photograph. Mili did not serve as cinematographer for this film, but Blues uses multiplied images that in many ways recall the multi image still frames done with the strobe. The imaginative use of the camera makes this film a minor landmark in the way that musicians have been filmed. In 1995, Jammin the Blues was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant . Jammin the Blues appears on the DVDs Passage to Marseille 2006 and Norman Granz Improvisation 2007 . Cast Lester Young Tenor Sax Red Callender Bass Harry Sweets Edison Trumpet Marlowe Morris Piano Big Sid Catlett Drums First two songs, and intro of third Jo Jones ... more details
Refimprove date July 2009 The Fechner color effect is an illusion of color seen when looking at certain rapidly changing or moving black and white patterns. They are also called pattern induced flicker colors PIFCs . Not everyone sees the same colors. ref cite journal last Tritsch first M F coauthors Pfeiffer, N year 1994 title Increased threshold for detection of phase differences in pattern induced color flicker fusion in patients with glaucoma journal Klinische Monatsbl tter f r Augenheilkunde volume 205 issue 1 pages 27 32 url http www.biomedexperts.com Abstract.bme 7933905 Increased threshold for detection of phase differences in pattern induced color flicker fusion in patients with glaucom accessdate 28 July 2009 ref The effect is most commonly demonstrated with a device known as Benham s top . It can also be seen in stroboscope stroboscopic lights when flashes are set at certain critical speeds. Rotating fan blades, particularly aluminium ones, can also demonstrate the effect as the fan accelerates or decelerates, the colours appear, drift, change and disappear. The stable running speed of the fan does not normally produce colours, suggesting that it is not an interference effect with the frequency of the illumination flicker. The effect was noted by Gustav Fechner and Hermann von Helmholtz and propagated to English speakers through Charles Benham s invention of Benham s top his top . The perception perceptual mechanism of Fechner color is not entirely understood. When the disk is spun, arcs of pale color are visible at different places on the disk. One possible reason people see colors may be that the color receptors in the human eye respond at different rates to red, green, and blue. Or, more specifically, that the latencies of the centre and the surrounding mechanisms differ for the different types of color specific ganglion cells. The phenomenon originates from neural activity in the retina and spatial interactions in the primary visual cortex , which pro ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Wheels Are Turnin Type Album Artist REO Speedwagon Cover Wheelsareturnin.jpg Released Start date 1984 11 5 Recorded January August 1984 Genre Rock music Rock , Album Oriented Rock AOR Length 39 31 Label Epic Records Epic Producer Kevin Cronin Gary Richrath Alan Gratzer Last album Good Trouble br 1982 This album Wheels Are Turnin br 1984 Next album Life as We Know It album Life as We Know It br 1987 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 3 5 ref Allmusic class album id r16451 pure url yes Allmusic review ref Automatically generated by DASHBot Wheels Are Turnin is the eleventh studio album by REO Speedwagon , released in late 1984 see 1984 in music . It features Can t Fight This Feeling, which was REO s second and longest running 1 single. The LP version contained a cut out stroboscope . Other singles released were One Lonely Night I Do Wanna Know , and Live Every Moment . Track listing I Do Wanna Know Kevin Cronin 4 12 One Lonely Night Neal Doughty 3 20 Thru the Window Bruce Hall, Jeffery B. Hall 5 01 Rock n Roll Star Gary Richrath, Cronin, Tom Kelly 3 40 Live Every Moment Cronin 4 56 Can t Fight This Feeling Cronin 4 54 Gotta Feel More Cronin, Richrath, Kelly 4 26 Break His Spell Richrath 2 57 Wheels Are Turnin Cronin 5 47 Personnel REO Speedwagon Kevin Cronin Lead vocalist Lead vocals , acoustic guitar all tracks except 3 , rhythm guitar track 3 , Backing vocalist background vocals Gary Richrath Lead guitar , electric guitar , wah wah pedal wah wah guitar track 3 Neal Doughty organ music Organ , synthesizer , piano Alan Gratzer Drum kit Drums Bruce Hall bass guitar Bass Other Musicians Steve Forman Percussion track 3 , conga track 5 , Shaker instrument Shaker tracks 5 and 9 Bill Cuomo Orchestration track 6 Richard Page musician Richard Page Backing vocals Tom Kelly musician Tom Kelly Backing vocals Tommy Funderburk Backing vocals ref http www.discogs.com REO Speedwagon Wheels Are Turnin release 2064635 REO S ... more details
refimprove date May 2011 image timinglight.jpg thumb right 300px Timing light, combination instrument with RPM, volt meter and dwell angle meter. The actual light is on the far end. br The black clamp connects to the battery s , the red clamp to , the green one to the breaker side of the coil for RPM , the big black clamp in the foreground is an inductive pick up that clamps around a spark plug wire. A timing light is a stroboscope used to dynamically set the ignition timing of an Otto cycle or similar internal combustion engine equipped with a distributor . Modern electronically controlled passenger vehicle engines require use of a scan tool to display ignition timing. The timing light is connected to the ignition circuit and used to illuminate the timing mark s on the engine s crankshaft pulley or flywheel , with the engine running. The apparent position of the marks, frozen by the stroboscopic effect , indicates the current timing of the spark in relation to piston position. A reference pointer is attached to the flywheel housing or other fixed point, and an engraved scale gives the offset between the spark time and the top dead centre position of the piston in the cylinder. The distributor can be rotated slightly until the reference pointer aligns with the specified point on the timing scale. Fuel injected engines, or engines with microprocessor controls may require special procedures to allow basic spark timing to be observed without control effects from the engine computer. On most automotive engines, the timing is set based on the 1 cylinder. ref Mark Schnubel Shop manual for advanced engine performance , Cengage Learning, 2005 ISBN 1401877877, page 52 53 ref In few cases an engine is timed off another cylinder, such as the International Harvester V8 gas gas LPG or petrol? engines, which use 8, and the Isuzu 4Z series four cylinder, which is timed off the 4 cylinder. Simple timing lights may just contain a neon lamp operated by the energy provided by the igni ... more details
Image Koenig manometric flame device.gif thumb 300px Koenig s manometric flame apparatus 1862 Koenig s manometric flame apparatus was a laboratory instrument invented in 1862 by the Germany German physicist Rudolph Koenig , and used to visualize sound wave s. It was the nearest equivalent of the modern oscilloscope in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Description The manometer manometric flame apparatus consisted of a chamber which acted in the same way as a modern microphone . Sound from the source to be measured was concentrated by means of a horn or tube into one half of the capsule chamber. The chamber was divided in two by an elastic Diaphragm mechanical device diaphragm , usually rubber. The sound caused the diaphragm to vibrate which modulated a flow of flammable Gas lighting illumination gas passing through the other half of the chamber. The illumination gas was passed to a Bunsen burner , the flame of which would then increase or decrease in size at the same frequency as the sound source. ref name SciTechAntiques Jim & Rhoda Morris at SciTechAntiques. ref ref name CaseW http www.phys.cwru.edu ccpi Flame manometer.html Flame manometer Case Western Reserve University Physics Department ref The change in flame size was too fast to be easily seen with the naked eye and a stroboscope , usually in the form of a rotating many sided mirror was used to view the flame. The frequency of the sound could then be calculated from the apparent distance between the flame images in the mirror and the known speed of its rotation. ref name SciTechAntiques ref name CaseW Image Manometric flame diagram from Koenig Acoustic Catalogue 1865.jpg thumb right 300px The bunsen flame of the manometric flame apparatus seen in the rotating mirror. From Rudolph Koenig s catalogue of 1865 Alexander Graham Bell used this type of equipment to study the performance of his microphones and demonstrated it in his display at the 1876 Centennial Exposition Philadelphia Centenarian ... more details
Ian Sommerville 1940 1976 ref name Geiger John Geiger, Chapel of Extreme Experience , page 90. in 1976, ian sommerville was fatally injured in a moto vehicle accident near bath, england, at age thirty six ref was an electronics technician and computer programmer. He is primarily known through his association with William S. Burroughs s circle of Beat Generation figures, and lived at Paris s so called Beat Hotel by 1960, when they were regulars there, becoming Burroughs s lover and Systems theory systems adviser . Sommerville was educated at the King s School, Canterbury , and at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge . Around 1960, he programmed a random sequence generator that Brion Gysin used in his cut up technique . He and Gysin also collaborated in 1961 in developing the Dreamachine , a phonograph driven stroboscope described as the first art object to be seen with the eyes closed , ref Quoted on cover flap of Tuning in to the Multimedia Age . ref and intended to affect the viewer s brain alpha wave activity. Sommerville and Burroughs made the 5 minute tape Silver Smoke of Dreams in the early 1960s, and later provided the basis for the quarter hour audio cut up and K 9 Was in Combat with the Alien Mind Screens around 1965. The following year Sommerville also installed two Revox reel to reel machines for Paul McCartney in Ringo Starr s apartment at 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone , London , and recorded Burroughs on the machine. ref name MilesPage240 Miles. pp240 ref Sommerville along with Gysin and Burroughs collaborated on Let The Mice In , published in 1973. ref Ed. Jan Herman. Vermont Something Else Press, 1973. ref Burroughs book My Education A Book of Dreams , indeed largely composed of accounts of his dreams, includes dreams of talking with Sommerville. He died in a single car accident due to inexperience near Bath, Somerset Bath, England in 1976 shortly after obtaining his first driving licence. ref name Geiger References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikiped ... more details
the The Stampfer Disc also called the Zoetrope , Stroboskopische Sheiben , Stroboscope Discs , optical magic disc , or simply Stroboscope . It consists of two disks One with slits around its circumference ... more details
Multiple issues cleanup February 2010 tone February 2010 refimprove October 2009 Image Phenakistoscope 3g07690u.jpg thumb right 200px A phenakistoscope disc by Eadweard Muybridge 1893 Image Phenakistoscope 3g07690b.gif thumb right 200px The phenakistoscope a couple waltzing The phenakistoscope also spelled phenakistiscope was an early animation device that used the persistence of vision principle to create an illusion of motion. History Although this principle had been recognized by the Greek mathematician Euclid and later in experiments by Newton, it was not until 1829 that this principle became firmly established by the Belgian Joseph Plateau . Plateau planned it in 1829 and invented it in 1832. Later the same year the Austria n Simon von Stampfer invented the stroboscope stroboscopic disk , a similar machine. A contemporary edition of Britannica says The phenakistoscope or magic disc...was originally invented by Dr. Roget, and improved by M. Plateau, at Brussels, and Dr. Faraday. ref Encyclopaedia Britannica, 8th edition, 1857, Edinburgh, volume XVI, p. 697. ref Technology The phenakistoscope uses a spinning disc attached vertically on a handle. Around the center of the disc a series of pictures was drawn corresponding to Film frame frames of the animation around its circumference were a series of radial slits. The user would spin the disc and look through the moving slits at the disc s reflection in a mirror. The scanning of the slits across the reflected images kept them from simply blurring together, so that the user would see a rapid succession of images with the appearance of a motion picture see also persistence of vision . A variant of it had two discs, one with slits and one with pictures this was slightly more unwieldy but needed no mirror. Unlike the zoetrope and its successors, the phenakistoscope could only practically be used by one person at a time.The phenakistoscope was only famous for about two years due to the changing of technology. Etymology T ... more details
Gjon Mili November 28, 1904 February 14, 1984 was an Albanian American photographer best known for his work published in Life magazine LIFE . Biography Born to Vasil Mili and Viktori Cekani in Kor , Ottoman Albania Albania , Mili came to the United States in 1923. In 1939, Mili landed a job as a freelance photographer for Life a position he held until his death in 1984 . Over the years his assignments took him to the Riviera Picasso to Prades, France Pablo Casals in exile to Israel Adolf Eichmann in captivity to Florence, Athens, Dublin, Berlin, Venice, Rome , and to Hollywood to photograph celebrities and artists, sports events, concerts, sculptures and architecture. Working with Harold Eugene Edgerton of MIT , Gjon Mili was a pioneer in the use of stroboscope stroboscopic instruments to capture a sequence of actions in one photograph. Trained as an engineer and self taught in photography, Gjon Mili was one of the first to use Flash photography electronic flash and stroboscopic light to create photographs that had more than scientific interest. Citation needed date September 2009 Many of his notable images revealed the beautiful intricacy and graceful flow of movement too rapid or complex for the naked eye to discern. In the mid 1940s he was an assistant to the photographer Edward Weston . In 1944, he directed the short film Jammin the Blues , ref imdb title 0036968 Jammin the Blues ref ref YouTube g WyhK Urms Jammin The Blues ref which was made at Warner Bros., and features performances by Lester Young , Red Callender , Sweets Edison Harry Edison , Big Sid Catlett , Illinois Jacquet , Barney Kessel , Jo Jones and Marie Bryant. Mili did not serve as cinematographer for the film Robert Burks did but the film used multiplied images that in many ways recall the multi image still frames done with the strobe. The imaginative use of the camera makes this film a minor landmark in the way that musicians have been filmed. Over the course of more than four decades, thousan ... more details
Use dmy dates date December 2011 File Franz von Uchatius.jpg thumb right Franz von Uchatius Franz von Uchatius 1811 1881 was an Austrian artillery general and inventor. His inventions included both military applications and pioneer work in cinematography. He invented a motion picture projector in the early 1850s ref http science.jrank.org pages 4466 Motion Pictures invention motion pictures.html Motion Pictures The Invention Of Motion Pictures . Science.jrank.org. Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref , developing it over the years from 1845 ref http www.angelfire.com film eliab intro.html Film Principles Class Notes . Angelfire.com 10 April 2002 . Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref from the device then called stroboscope Simon von Stampfer ref http www.acmi.net.au aic MAGIC MACHINES 2.html Adventures in CyberSound Magic Machines 1826 1875 . Acmi.net.au. Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref and phenakistiscope Joseph Plateau ref http www.acmi.net.au AIC VON UCHATIUS BIO.html Adventures in CyberSound von Uchatius, Franz . Acmi.net.au 21 January 1912 . Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref . This was the first example of projected animation ref http www.animated divots.com chrnearl.html Chronology of Animation Beginning dead link date December 2011 ref , demonstrated in 1853 ref http www.terramedia.co.uk Chronomedia years 1850 1854.htm Chronomedia 1850 1854 . Terramedia.co.uk 25 August 2008 . Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref it is also described as the combination of the zoetrope with the magic lantern ref http sophia.javeriana.edu.co ochavarr computer graphics history historia An Historical Timeline of Computer Graphics and Animation . Sophia.javeriana.edu.co. Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref . It was called the kinetoscope ref http www.filmreference.com encyclopedia Academy Awards Crime Films Cartoons.html Cartoons The golden era, The television era . Filmreference.com. Retrieved on 18 December 2011. ref , a term later used by Thomas Edison see kinetoscope . He applied ... more details
at low frequencies where the number of counts N is small. By stroboscope An older method of measuring the frequency of rotating or vibrating objects is to use a stroboscope . This is an intense repetitively ... readout on the stroboscope. A downside of this method is that an object rotating at an integer ... more details
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